JP2021116813A - Internal combustion engine system - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an improved internal combustion engine system that provides a safer system.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine system. The internal combustion engine system includes: an internal combustion engine generating exhaust gas; an exhaust gas receiver receiving exhaust gas; a turbocharger; and a low flash point fuel supply line for supplying low flash point fuel from a low flash point fuel supply part to the internal combustion engine. The low flash point fuel supply line includes: a first pipe configured to guide low flash point fuel having predetermined fuel pressure to the internal combustion engine; and a second barrier surrounding a first conduit and defining a space between the first pipe and the second barrier to prevent leakage of the low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line for safety of an engine room. The space includes liquid having liquid pressure higher than fuel pressure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention includes an internal combustion engine that generates exhaust gas, an exhaust gas receiver that receives exhaust gas, a turbocharger, and a low ignition point fuel supply line for supplying fuel from a fuel supply unit to the internal combustion engine. Regarding internal combustion engine systems. The present invention also relates to ships.

When designing ships such as container ships and tankers, the main focus is on inboard safety and prevention of environmental damage.

To protect the environment, vessels may be required to operate on other types of fuels, such as biogas or natural gas. Since such gases are low flash point fuels and can be ignited more easily, such requirements pose challenges, including higher risk in the engine chambers inside ships. Therefore, regulations require that the supply line for supplying gas to the engine be double-walled in order to reduce the risk of leakage and thus reduce the ignition of such leaking gas. However, this is a very complex pipe system and the detected leaks can be very difficult to locate before the leaks are of considerable size.

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and the disadvantages of the prior art in whole or in part. More specifically, the purpose is to provide an improved internal combustion engine system that provides a safer system, in which the leak in the low flash point fuel supply line fuels from the supply line. The leak is detected before it becomes significant to the environment in the engine room, without resulting in a leak.

Along with a number of other objectives, advantages and features, the above objectives, which will become apparent in the description below, are achieved by a solution according to the invention by an internal combustion engine system.
− An internal combustion engine that produces exhaust gas and
-Exhaust gas receiver that receives exhaust gas and
− With a turbocharger
− Equipped with a low flash point fuel supply line for supplying low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply unit to the internal combustion engine.
Low flash point fuel supply line
− A first pipe configured to guide the low flash point fuel of a given fuel pressure to the internal combustion engine,
-The second pipe, which surrounds the first pipe and is between the first and second pipes to prevent leakage of low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line for the safety of the engine room. Equipped with a second pipe that defines the space,
The space comprises a liquid having a liquid pressure higher than the fuel pressure.

Along with a number of other objectives, advantages and features, the above objectives, which will become apparent in the description below, are achieved by a solution according to the invention by an internal combustion engine system.
− An internal combustion engine that produces exhaust gas and
-Exhaust gas receiver that receives exhaust gas and
− With a turbocharger
− Equipped with a low flash point fuel supply line for supplying low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply unit to the internal combustion engine.
Low flash point fuel supply line
− A first pipe configured to guide the low flash point fuel of a given fuel pressure to the internal combustion engine,
-A second pipe, which surrounds the first pipe, defines a space between the first pipe and the second pipe, and forms a second barrier toward the engine room. ,
The space comprises a liquid having a liquid pressure higher than the fuel pressure.

The low flash point fuel means a fuel having a flash point of less than 60 ° C. under 1 atm.

In addition, the liquid may have a compressibility of ^9.10-10 Pa ^{-1 at 25 ° C.}

In addition, the liquid can have a bulk modulus of greater than 1.1 GPa.

In addition, the liquid can be non-corrosive, non-toxic, and / or non-flammable.

Further, the liquid can be water, an ionic liquid, liquid silicone, or a combination thereof.

Further, the first pipe and / or the second pipe may have a circular cross section, a rectangular cross section, or a triangular cross section.

Also, the liquid may have a heat capacity higher than the heat capacity of the low flash point fuel.

In addition, the liquid may have a heat capacity higher than the heat capacity of the gas, such as an inert gas.

Additionally, the low flash point fuel pressure can exceed 300 bar.

The present invention may further comprise a pump, such as a variable displacement pump.

In addition, the variable displacement pump can be an axial piston pump with an adjustable swashplate.

In addition, the pump may provide a given flow rate of liquid in space.

Also, the pump may have a discharge rate of less than ^{100 cm 3 / min.}

In addition, the pump may be operably connected to a pump control unit for controlling the liquid pressure in space.

The present invention may further include a check valve fluidly connected to the outlet of the pump to allow the liquid to pass through the space but prevent the liquid from returning.

Additionally, the pump control unit may include an adjustable valve fluidly connected to the outlet and cylinder of the pump, the cylinder being connected to the pump to regulate the output pressure of the pump.

In addition, the internal combustion engine system may further include a throttle for leaking a portion of the liquid from the space into the liquid tank.

The pump may also be operably connected to a pump control unit for adjusting the output pressure of the pump.

In addition, the pump may be operably connected to a pump control unit for controlling the liquid pressure Pl to maintain a substantially constant pressure in space.

In addition, the pump may circulate the liquid in space to regulate the temperature of the low flash point fuel.

In addition, the internal combustion engine system further comprises a system control unit to operate a system valve that shuts off the supply of low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line when a leak is detected. A sensor for measuring the pressure and / or temperature of the liquid in space may be provided for the detection of leaks in the low flash point fuel supply line.

Additionally, the system control unit provides a second fuel supply line that supplies the internal combustion engine with another low flash point fuel, conventional fuel, marine diesel, or "heavy fuel" when the system valve is closed. It can be configured to open.

In addition, the system control unit may include sensors for measuring the pressure and / or temperature of the low flash point fuel in the first pipe.

The liquid may also be equipped with a tracer for detecting the location of the leak in the first pipe.

In addition, the tracer can be a colorant or chemical.

In addition, the liquid may include emulsified oil.

In addition, the pump can be driven by a motor.

Additionally, the motor can be an asynchronous electric motor.

In addition, the pump can be a swashplate pump.

Also, the discharge rate of the pump can be selected so that the volume of liquid passing per unit time is ^{less than 10.10-6} m ^{3 / min.}

In addition, low flash point fuels may include ethane gas, ethene gas, methane gas, methanol, natural gas, biogas, ammonia, ethanol, or the like.

The present invention also relates to a ship, which is a ship.
− Upper deck and
− Internal combustion engine system and
− With an engine room equipped with an internal combustion engine,
The second pipe is located at least in the engine room to prevent leakage of low flash point fuel in the engine room.

In addition, the low flash point fuel supply can be located on the upper deck of the ship or otherwise separated from the engine room.

Additionally, the second pipe can only be placed under the upper deck.

In addition, the second pipe can only be located in the engine room.

In addition, the nitrogen oxide reduction unit may include one or more catalytic reactors.

In addition, the nitrogen oxide reduction unit can be a high pressure SCR system.

Also, the combustion engine system may include one or more catalytic reactor housings having a volume of at least 200 liters.

In addition, the combustion engine system may further include a heat exchanger, such as a boiler.

Also, the internal combustion engine system can be powered by a fuel containing at least 0.05% sulfur content.

The internal combustion engine may be a large two-stroke internal combustion engine.

Further, the internal combustion engine may be a turbocharged crosshead large two-stroke internal combustion engine.

Further, the internal combustion engine of the combustion engine system can be a two-stroke or four-stroke internal combustion engine.

The present invention and many of its advantages are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematics showing some non-limiting embodiments for illustrative purposes.

A side view of a ship having an internal combustion engine system according to the present invention is shown. A diagram of the fuel supply line, pump, and pump control of another internal combustion engine system is shown.

All figures are very schematic and not necessarily to scale, showing only the parts necessary to elucidate the invention, the other parts being omitted or simply presented.

FIG. 1 shows an internal combustion engine system 1 in an engine room 102 inside a ship 100. The internal combustion engine system 1 includes an internal combustion engine 2 that generates exhaust gas, an exhaust gas receiver 3 that receives exhaust gas, and a turbocharger 4. The internal combustion engine system 1 further includes a low flash point fuel supply unit 6 for supplying the low flash point fuel 25 to the internal combustion engine 2 so that the internal combustion engine 2 operates on an environmentally licensed fuel. The low flash point fuel supply unit 6 may be located on the upper deck 101 or in a tank below the deck (not shown) or in a container. The internal combustion engine system 1 further includes a low flash point fuel supply line 5 for supplying the low flash point fuel 25 from the low flash point fuel supply unit 6. The low flash point fuel supply line 5 includes a first pipe 7 configured to guide the low flash point fuel 25 having a predetermined fuel pressure Pg to the internal combustion engine 2. The low flash point fuel supply line 5 surrounds the first pipe 7 along at least a part of the first pipe 7 arranged in the engine room 102, and the low flash point fuel supply line 5 for the safety of the engine room. A second pipe 8 is provided which defines a space 9 between the first pipe 7 and the second pipe 8 in order to prevent the low flash point fuel from leaking from the first pipe 7. The space 9 includes a liquid 10 having a liquid pressure Pl higher than the fuel pressure Pg of the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7.

By having the liquid 10 in the space 9 instead of an inert gas or similar gas, the space 9 may be filled with a substantially uncompressible fluid and, as a result, away from the leak. However, a simple measurement of the pressure in the space 9 makes it easy to detect a very small leak. When the liquid pressure Pl in the space 9 decreases to a pressure equal to the fuel pressure Pg in the first pipe 7, the leak is detected in the first pipe 7 and the liquid pressure Pl in the space 9 is in the first pipe 7. If the pressure drops below the fuel pressure Pg, the leak is detected in the second pipe.

Since the liquid 10 is substantially incompressible, the liquid 10 enters the outlet to the flow of the first pipe 7 and displaces the low flash point fuel 25 in it, thus in the first pipe 7. The low flash point fuel 25 does not flow out through the outlet to space 9 as can sometimes occur in known systems. Moreover, since some of the liquid 10 that has entered through the leak is still present, it is easier to detect the location of the leak, and therefore the detection of the location of the leak is of known systems. As described above, it becomes easier than when the inert gas is contained in the space 9.

In addition, since the liquid 10 in the space 9 enters the first pipe 7 and vice versa, the liquid 10 is exchanged at a remarkable flow rate, such as 30 times per hour, like the gas in a known system. It doesn't have to be. Therefore, applying pressure and controlling the pressure in the space 9 becomes easier than when the fluid in the space 9 is a gas, such as an inert gas or air, rather than a liquid. Pressure and pressure control also require less energy than when exchanging gas, as the liquid 10 does not need to circulate, and a substantially smaller discharge rate than when space 9 is vented with gas. Pumps can be used.

Further, when passing through the leak, the liquid 10 does not mix with the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7, and the flow rate passing through the leak is such that the space 9 is filled with gas and the space gas is the first. It is not as increased as it would be if it flows into the low flash point fuel 25 in the pipe 7 or vice versa at high speed, causing a local drop in the temperature of the leak opening. Such a decrease in temperature increases the risk of further breakage of the leak, and if the leak undergoes further breakage, the leak will grow much faster. When using a liquid in space 9, the temperature does not drop so rapidly, therefore the leak is more likely to remain in its size and the leak is repaired. Can be detected and the life of the supply system is extended. Further, when the liquid 10 is used in the space 9, it is easier to obtain a leak-free barrier between the low flash point fuel having a fuel pressure of more than 300 bar in the first pipe 7 and the engine room 102. ..

Therefore, by using the liquid 10 instead of the gas in the space 9, the leak can be detected before it becomes significant in size. By having the space 9 filled with the liquid 10 instead of the circulated gas, the pressure difference between the first pipe 7 and the second pipe 8 can be set to be very small, so that the fuel supply has a low flash point. The dynamic load in line 5 is reduced.

The liquid 10 is substantially incompressible ^{, meaning that it has a compressibility less than 9 / 10-10} Pa ^{-1 at} 25 ° C, and the liquid is, for example, approximately 4.55.10 at 25 ° C. It can be water having a compressibility of ^-10 Pa ^-1. In addition, the liquid 10 can be non-corrosive, non-toxic, and / or non-flammable. The liquid 10 can be water, an ionic liquid, a liquid silicon, or a combination thereof, and some lubricant for lubricating the pump can be added to the liquid 10. Thus, the liquid 10 can be cheap and safe water, and the water is a very neutral liquid with respect to the important factor that it is neither toxic nor flammable. The liquid 10 may contain emulsified oil to reduce the corrosive effect of water.

Further, the liquid 10 has a heat capacity higher than the heat capacity of the gas, such as an inert gas. What is obtained from this is that the temperature of the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7 is kept more constant during transportation from the low flash point fuel supply unit 6 to the internal combustion engine 2. .. In many cases, the low flash point fuel 25 is regulated in or near the low flash point fuel supply 6, so the liquid 10 in space 9 is much better than if space 9 is filled with gas. It functions as an isolator to maintain a predetermined temperature.

In some embodiments, the fuel supply line 5 simply has a first pipe 7 above the deck, and a second pipe 8 is first added below the deck so as to surround the first pipe 7. NS.

As shown in FIG. 2, the internal combustion engine system 1 further includes a pump 11, such as a variable displacement pump. The variable displacement pump can be an axial piston pump with an adjustable swash plate. If the pump maintains a certain pressure, somewhat higher than the low flash point fuel pressure, according to a given value, the small flow is bypassed and returned to the suction side of the pump through the holes. This flow corresponds to the swash plate being slightly angled from zero stroke. Leakage from the space between the low flash point fuel pipe (first pipe) and the second pipe will always result in an increase in the swashplate angle to maintain pressure. Therefore, a leak similar to the bypass flow can be detected by monitoring the actual swashplate angle. Pumps with a small discharge rate of approximately 10 cm ³ / min also have a low bypass flow rate and are therefore associated with the ability to detect small leaks. A small pump discharge requires some time for the pressure to rise, but this time is not significant. Power requirements for variable displacement pumps of the invention, and requirements for installation, when compared to systems with ventilated outer pipes, for example, where the ventilation volume is changed 30 times per hour. The space is small enough.

Moreover, the large discharge pumps of the prior art pump at high flow rates and small leaks are difficult to record when compared to pumps with small discharges.

As seen in FIG. 2, the pump 11 is driven by a motor, such as an asynchronous electric motor, to control the liquid pressure (Pl) in order to maintain a substantially constant pressure in space 9. It is operably connected to the pump control unit 12. The internal combustion engine system 1 further includes a check valve 16 fluidly connected to the outlet 17 of the pump 11 to allow the liquid 10 to pass through the space 9 but prevent the liquid 10 from returning. The pump control unit 12 includes an adjustable valve 18 fluidly connected to the outlet 17 of the pump 11, the pump control unit 12 includes a cylinder 21, and the cylinder 21 regulates the output pressure of the pump 11. Is connected to the pump 11. Therefore, the pump control unit 12 is operably connected to the pump 11 in order to adjust the output pressure of the pump 11, for example, by adjusting the inclination of the swash plate of the variable adjustment pump. The pump 11 may, for example, have a low flash point fuel if the low flash point fuel 25 needs to be cooled in the first portion of the low flash point fuel supply line 5 and then heated before entering the internal combustion engine 2. The liquid 10 in the space 9 is circulated to adjust the temperature of 25. The internal combustion engine system 1 further comprises a throttle 19 for leaking a portion of the liquid 10 from the space 9 into the liquid tank 20, thereby maintaining a small circulation in the space 9 and thus a slight operation of the pump 11. To maintain.

In FIG. 1, the internal combustion engine system 1 further adds a system control unit 14 to operate a system valve 15 that blocks the supply of low flash point fuel 25 from the low flash point fuel supply line 5 when a leak is detected. Be prepared. The system control unit 14 includes a sensor 26 for measuring the pressure and / or temperature of the liquid 10 in the space 9 for detecting a leak in the low flash point fuel supply line 5. The system control unit 14 includes a gas sensor 23 (shown in FIG. 2) for measuring the pressure and / or temperature of the low flash point fuel 25 in the first pipe 7.

The liquid 10 may include a tracer for detecting the location of the leak in the first pipe 7. The tracer can be a colorant or another traceable chemical to indicate a leak when the liquid 10 flows into the first pipe 7.

The low ignition point fuel 25 may include methane gas, synthetic methane gas, ethane gas, methanol, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, gaseous petroleum gas, biogas, ammonia gas, liquid ammonia, ethanol, gasoline, or the like.

The internal combustion engine system 1 may further include a nitrogen oxide reduction unit 27 comprising one or more catalytic reactors and one or more catalytic reactor housings having a volume of at least 200 liters. The nitrogen oxide reduction unit 27 administers a certain amount of a reducing agent, for example, ammonia, to the exhaust gas in the nitrogen oxide reduction unit 27 or before entering the nitrogen oxide reduction unit 27 to administer the reducing agent. Reducing agent supply units, including units, may further be included.

Further, the internal combustion engine system 1 may further include a heat exchanger such as a boiler. The internal combustion engine 2 can also be driven by a fuel having at least 0.05% sulfur content passing through the second fuel supply line 22.
Supply line Further, the internal combustion engine 2 may be a crosshead type large two-stroke internal combustion engine with a turbocharger.

The present invention has been described above in connection with preferred embodiments of the present invention, but as defined by the following claims, some modifications can be considered without departing from the present invention. Will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

1 ... Internal combustion engine system, 2 ... Internal combustion engine, 3 ... Exhaust gas receiver, 4 ... Turbocharger, 5 ... Low ignition point fuel supply line, 6 ... Low ignition point fuel supply unit, 7 ... 1st pipe, 8 ... 2nd Pipe, 9 ... space, 10 ... liquid, 11 ... pump, 12 ... pump control unit, 14 ... system control unit, 15 ... system valve, 26 ... sensor, 100 ... ship, 101 ... upper deck, 102 ... engine room, Pg … Fuel pressure, Pl… Liquid pressure

Claims (10)

Internal combustion engine system (1)
-Internal combustion engine (2) that produces exhaust gas and
-The exhaust gas receiver (3) that receives the exhaust gas and
-Turbocharger (4) and
-A low flash point fuel supply line (5) for supplying low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply unit (6) to the internal combustion engine (2).
With
The low flash point fuel supply line (5) is
− A first pipe (7) configured to guide a low flash point fuel of a predetermined fuel pressure (Pg) to the internal combustion engine (2), and
− The second pipe, which surrounds the first pipe and prevents the low flash point fuel from leaking from the low flash point fuel supply line (5) for the safety of the engine room. A second pipe (8), which defines a space (9) between the second pipe (8) and the second pipe (8), is provided.
The space (9) comprises a liquid (10) having a liquid pressure (Pl) higher than the fuel pressure (Pg).
Internal combustion engine system (1). The liquid (10) has a compressibility of ^9.10-10 Pa ^{-1 at 25 ° C.}
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to claim 1. The liquid (10) is water, an ionic liquid, liquid silicon, or a combination thereof.
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to claim 1 or 2. The liquid (10) has a heat capacity higher than that of the low flash point fuel.
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The internal combustion engine system (1) further comprises a pump (11), such as a variable displacement pump.
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The pump (11) has a discharge rate of less than ^{100 cm 3 / min.}
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to claim 5. The pump (11) is operably connected to a pump control unit (12) for controlling the liquid pressure (Pl) in the space (9).
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to claim 5 or 6. If a leak is detected, a system control unit (14) is further provided to operate the system valve (15) that blocks the supply of the low flash point fuel from the low flash point fuel supply line (5).
The system control unit (14) is for measuring the pressure and / or temperature of the liquid (10) in the space (9) for detecting leakage of the low flash point fuel supply line (5). The internal combustion engine system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a sensor (26). The liquid (10) comprises a tracer for detecting the location of the leak in the first pipe (7).
The internal combustion engine system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8. It ’s a ship (100)
-Upper deck (101) and
− The internal combustion engine system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
− The engine room (102) including the internal combustion engine (2) and the engine room (102) are provided.
The second pipe (8) is arranged in at least the engine room (102) in order to prevent leakage of low flash point fuel in the engine room (102), the ship (100).

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