KR20210025804A - Machining tool using ultrasonic transducer - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a lathe machining tool using an ultrasonic vibrator. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the lathe machining tool using an ultrasonic vibrator includes: a lower horn (110) having a funnel shape, and amplifying vibrations; a fixing plate (120) provided as a disc form on an upper side of the lower horn (110) with two fixing points (121, 122) fixed by pressure from the outside; a lower elastic body (210) having a coupling pillar coupled with the fixing plate (120), having a through hole in the center, and expanding and delivering vibrations to the lower horn (110); a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics (300) provided on an upper side of the lower elastic body (210), having a through hole in the center, and generating flexural vibrations when receiving AC power; an upper elastic body (220) provided on an upper side of the piezoelectric ceramics (300), having a through hole in the center, and damping vibrations; a bolt (400) penetrating the through holes formed on the lower elastic body (210), the piezoelectric ceramics (300) and the upper elastic body (220), to couple the components; and a housing (500) into which the lower horn (110), the fixing plate (120), the lower elastic body (210), the piezoelectric ceramics (300) and the upper elastic body (220) are inserted in a coupled state. Therefore, the present invention is capable of minimizing a change in displacement in a secondary resonance mode.

Description

Turning tool using ultrasonic vibrator{MACHINING TOOL USING ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCER}

The present invention relates to a lathe processing tool using an ultrasonic vibrator, and more particularly, a lathe using an ultrasonic vibrator that generates bending vibration even when one sinusoidal AC power is applied by combining a stacked structure of piezoelectric ceramics and a polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic. It relates to a machining tool.

In general, an ultrasonic vibrator uses a piezoelectric effect or a magnetic conversion effect that converts AC energy of 20 kHz or more into mechanical energy of the same frequency. Such ultrasonic vibrators are widely used mainly for ultrasonic cleaning, plastic fusion, or fusion machining.

Looking at such a general vibrator structure, a lower elastic body having a through hole formed in the center, and mounted on the lower elastic body, and an upper piezoelectric ceramic and a lower piezoelectric ceramic having a through hole formed in the center, and between the upper surface of the upper piezoelectric ceramic and the upper piezoelectric ceramic and the lower piezoelectric ceramic. It is composed of an upper electrode and a lower electrode that are interposed and electrically grounded with the ultrasonic oscillator, and an upper elastic body formed on the upper electrode and having a screw hole on the bottom surface, and the upper elastic body, the upper and lower piezoelectric ceramics, and the upper and lower electrodes. , The lower elastic body is fastened to a screw hole of the upper elastic body through a coupling bolt and a nut is fastened at the bottom of the lower elastic body to be coupled.

The conventional ultrasonic vibrator constructed as described above generates vibration in the piezoelectric ceramic when an electrical signal is transmitted from the ultrasonic oscillator through the upper and lower electrodes, and such vibration applies vibration to the horn through the upper and lower elastic bodies, and provides ultrasonic waves. However, when a sine wave power is applied, it is possible to vibrate only in simple directions such as lateral vibration and longitudinal vibration, and thus there is a problem that it is unsuitable for cutting machines, fusion machines, and surgical machines that require precise work.

Therefore, due to the stacked structure of the piezoelectric ceramic and the polarization direction of the piezoelectric ceramic, research on a lathe machining tool using an ultrasonic vibrator capable of generating bending vibration even when a single sinusoidal AC power is applied is required.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1653826

The present invention laminates and divides a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics, and by forming different polarization directions of the stacked piezoelectric ceramics, a lathe processing tool using an ultrasonic vibrator capable of generating bending vibration even when one sinusoidal AC power is applied Provides.

The present invention provides a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator capable of minimizing a change in displacement in a secondary resonance mode by determining a fixed point of a side fix method based on the maximum displacement of vibration.

The problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems mentioned above, and other problems to be solved by the present invention not mentioned here are to those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs It can be clearly understood.

The lathe processing tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided in a funnel shape, a lower horn 110 for amplifying vibration, and a disk shape provided on the upper side of the lower horn 110 and fixed by external pressure. The fixing plate 120 is provided with two fixing points 121 and 122 that are formed, a coupling pillar for coupling with the fixing plate is provided, a through groove is provided in the center, and a lower part that expands vibration and transmits it to the lower horn 110 It is provided on the upper side of the elastic body 210 and the lower elastic body 210, a through hole is provided in the center, and is provided on the upper side of a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 300 and piezoelectric ceramics 300 that generate bending vibrations when AC power is applied. , A through hole is provided in the center, the upper elastic body 220, the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300, and the bolt 400 for coupling through the through hole provided in the upper elastic body 220 and The lower horn 110, the fixing plate 120, the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300 and the upper elastic body 220 includes a housing 500 inserted in a combined form, and the piezoelectric ceramic 300, The first piezoelectric element is provided on the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and is divided into two areas based on a preset diameter line, and one polarization is formed in the upper direction and the other is formed in the lower direction in the divided area. It is provided on the upper side of the ceramic 310 and the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and is divided into two zones based on a preset diameter line, and one polarization is formed in the upper direction and the other is formed in the lower direction. The second piezoelectric ceramic 320 is formed in the form of a disk and is provided in the shape of a disk, has a through hole in the center, and includes a protrusion 331 on one side, and the second piezoelectric so that the protrusions 331 face in opposite directions to each other. Including two vibrator fixing rings 330 in contact with the upper and lower surfaces of the ceramic 320, the polarization of the adjacent regions in the divided regions of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 It is formed in the opposite direction.

In addition, the fixing points 121 and 122 are an extension line in the Z-axis direction and the fixing plate 120 at an intermediate point between the maximum displacement in the positive direction of the Y-axis and the maximum displacement in the negative direction of the Y-axis at the lower end of the lower horn 110. The maximum displacement in the positive direction of the Y-axis at the lower end of the lower end of the lower horn 110 and the first fixing point 121 where the extension line in the positive direction of the X-axis and the outer circumferential line of the fixing plate 120 meet at this point of intersection. At the point where the extension line in the Z-axis direction and the fixing plate 120 meet at the midpoint of the maximum displacement in the negative direction of the and Y-axis, the extension line in the negative direction of the X-axis and the outer circumferential line of the fixing plate 120 are in contact with each other. It is characterized by consisting of a second fixing point (122).

In addition, the piezoelectric ceramic 300 is positive (+) AC power between the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and the lower side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and between the upper side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 and the lower side of the upper elastic body 220 And applying negative AC power between the upper side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the lower side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320.

In addition, in the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic to which positive (+) AC power is applied, bending vibration occurs in the positive direction of the X-axis, and the first piezoelectric ceramic to which negative (-) AC power is applied. In the ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic, bending vibration occurs in the negative direction of the X-axis.

The lathe processing tool using the ultrasonic vibrator of the present invention stacks and divides a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics, and forms different polarization directions of the stacked piezoelectric ceramics, thereby generating bending vibration even when one sinusoidal AC power is applied. There is an effect that can be.

In addition, the turning tool using the ultrasonic vibrator of the present invention has the effect of minimizing the change in displacement in the secondary resonance mode by determining the fixed point of the side fix method based on the maximum displacement of the vibration.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a front view of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a view showing the displacement of the Y-axis corresponding to the position of the Z-axis of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a view showing a position where power is applied to a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view for explaining a displacement shape when AC power is applied to a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a view for explaining a housing of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those of ordinary skill in the art may easily implement the present invention. The present invention may be implemented in various different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

In order to clearly describe the present invention, parts irrelevant to the description have been omitted, and the same reference numerals are attached to the same or similar components throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" with another part, this includes not only "directly connected" but also "electrically connected" with another element interposed therebetween. . In addition, when a part "includes" a certain component, it means that other components may be further included rather than excluding other components unless specifically stated to the contrary.

When a part is referred to as being "on" another part, it may be directly on top of another part, or other parts may be involved in between. In contrast, when a part is referred to as being "directly above" another part, no other part is involved in between.

Terms such as first, second and third are used to describe various parts, components, regions, layers and/or sections, but are not limited thereto. These terms are only used to distinguish one part, component, region, layer or section from another part, component, region, layer or section. Accordingly, a first part, component, region, layer or section described below may be referred to as a second part, component, region, layer or section without departing from the scope of the present invention.

The terminology used herein is only for referring to specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention. Singular forms as used herein also include plural forms unless the phrases clearly indicate the opposite.

As used in the specification, the meaning of "comprising" specifies a specific characteristic, region, integer, step, action, element and/or component, and the presence of another characteristic, region, integer, step, action, element and/or component, or It does not exclude additions.

Terms indicating a relative space such as "below" and "above" may be used to more easily describe the relationship of one part to another part shown in the drawings.

These terms are intended to include other meanings or operations of the device in use together with their intended meaning in the drawings. For example, if the device in the drawings is turned over, certain parts described as being "below" other parts are described as being "above" other parts. Thus, the exemplary term “down” includes both up and down directions.

The device can be rotated by 90° or by other angles, and terms denoting relative space are interpreted accordingly.

Although not defined differently, all terms including technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms defined in a commonly used dictionary are additionally interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the related technical literature and the presently disclosed content, and are not interpreted in an ideal or very formal meaning unless defined.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing the configuration of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the turning tool using the ultrasonic vibrator includes a lower horn 110, a fixing plate 120, a lower elastic body 210, a piezoelectric ceramic 300, an upper elastic body 220, a bolt 400, and a housing. It may include.

The lower horn 110 is provided in a funnel shape, and the vibration width may be increased vertically.

In addition, a work tool is connected to a lower end of the lower horn 110, and the lower horn 110 transmits vibration to the tool and serves to mediate to emit vibration from the tool.

Here, the downward direction refers to a direction from the bolt 400 toward the lower horn 110, and the upward direction refers to a direction from the lower horn 110 toward the bolt 400.

The fixing plate 120 is provided in a disk shape on the upper side of the lower horn 110 and is provided with two fixing points 121 and 122 fixed by pressure, and the ultrasonic vibrator due to vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 300 By preventing the outside of the turning tool from vibrating using an ultrasonic vibrator, it can play a role of minimizing a change in displacement due to external vibration of the turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator.

That is, in the process of transmitting the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 300 to the lower horn 110, in order to prevent external vibration that may occur in the lathe machining tool using an ultrasonic vibrator, the failure plate 120 is fixed with a clamp or the like. By zooming, it is possible to minimize the change in the desired displacement value.

In addition, the positions of the fixing points 121 and 122 of the fixing plate will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

2 is a front view of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 3 is a displacement of the Y-axis corresponding to the position of the Z-axis of the turning tool using the ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a diagram showing.

2 and 3, the fixed points 121 and 122 are in the Z-axis direction at the midpoint of the positive maximum displacement of the Y-axis at the lower end of the lower horn 110 and the maximum displacement in the negative direction of the Y-axis. At a point where the extension line and the fixing plate 120 meet, the first fixing point 121 where the extension line in the positive direction of the X-axis and the outer circumferential line of the fixing plate 120 are in contact with the Y at the lower end of the lower horn 110 The extension line in the negative direction of the X axis and the outer periphery of the fixing plate 120 at a point where the extension line in the Z-axis direction and the fixing plate 120 meet at the midpoint of the maximum displacement in the positive direction of the axis and the maximum displacement in the negative direction of the Y-axis. It may be composed of a second fixed point 122 in contact with the line.

The first fixed point 121 and the second fixed point 122 have the same Y-axis coordinate value and Z-axis coordinate value, and only the sign of the X-axis coordinate value is different.

That is, the distance from the center point of the lower horn 110 to the first fixing point 121 and the second fixing point 122 is the same.

Referring to FIG. 3, as an example, when the maximum displacement of the negative Y-axis of the lower horn 110 is -0.60 μm and the maximum displacement of the positive Y-axis is 0.45 μm, The Y-axis coordinate value has a coordinate value of -0.05 μm, which is an intermediate value of the Y-axis positive maximum displacement and the Y-axis negative maximum displacement, and the first fixed point 121 and the second fixed point 122 The linear distance of is formed shorter than the diameter of the fixing plate 120.

However, only when the Y-axis coordinate value of the first fixed point 121 and the second fixed point 122 is '0', the first fixed point 121 and the second fixed point 122 The distance and the length of the diameter of the fixing plate 120 are the same.

Here, the positive Z-axis direction means a direction from the lower horn 110 toward the bolt 400, and the negative Z-axis direction is a direction from the bolt 400 toward the lower horn 110 Means.

That is, the positive direction of the Z-axis has the same meaning as the upward direction, and the negative direction of the Z-axis has the same meaning as the downward direction.

In addition, the positive X-axis direction refers to a direction from the second fixed point 122 toward the first fixed point 121, as shown in FIG. 2, and the negative X-axis direction is the first fixed It means a direction from the point 121 toward the second fixed point 122.

In addition, the Y-axis means a direction orthogonal to both the Z-axis and the X-axis.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the lower elastic body 210 is provided on the upper side of the fixing plate 120, a through hole is provided in the center, and the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 300 is enlarged to expand the lower horn 110. ).

The piezoelectric ceramic 300 may include a first piezoelectric ceramic 310, a second piezoelectric ceramic 320, and a vibrator fixing ring 330.

The first piezoelectric ceramic 310 is provided on the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and is divided into two areas based on a preset diameter line, and one polarization is formed in the upper direction in the divided area, and the other One is formed in the downward direction.

The second piezoelectric ceramic 320 is provided above the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and is divided into two zones based on a preset diameter line, and one of the divided polarizations is formed in the upward direction, and the other One is formed in the downward direction.

In addition, polarizations of adjacent regions in the divided regions of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 are formed in opposite directions.

The vibrator fixing ring 330 is provided with a through hole in the center, and includes a protrusion 331 on one side, the upper side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 so that the protrusion 331 faces opposite to each other, and It is formed in the shape of two disks in contact with the lower side.

The position where power is applied to the piezoelectric ceramic 300 and the displacement shape according to the AC power will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

4 is a view showing a position where power is applied to a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an AC power supply of the turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention It is a diagram for explaining the shape of displacement when applied.

4, positive (+) alternating current between the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and the lower side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and between the upper side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 and the lower side of the upper elastic body 220 Power may be applied, and negative AC power may be applied between an upper side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and a lower side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320.

The reason is that the lower elastic body 210 and the upper elastic body 220 are energized to each other by the bolt 400.

In addition, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the position where the long-term power is applied is not changed, but the polarity may be changed.

That is, when negative AC power is applied between the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and the lower side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and between the upper side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 and the lower side of the upper elastic body 220, , Positive AC power may be applied between the upper side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the lower side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320.

Therefore, the piezoelectric ceramic 300 is stacked in two, the polarization directions of the two piezoelectric ceramics 300 are formed as described above, and the position of the power applied to the piezoelectric ceramic 300 is determined as described above. By arranging as described above, bending vibration of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 may be generated.

More specifically, referring to FIG. 5, in the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic to which the positive AC power is applied, bending vibration occurs in the positive direction of the X axis, and the In the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic to which negative AC power is applied, bending vibration may occur in the negative direction of the X-axis.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the upper elastic body 220 is provided above the piezoelectric ceramic 300, a through hole is provided in the center thereof, and serves to attenuate the vibration generated by the piezoelectric ceramic 300.

That is, the upper elastic body 220 attenuates unnecessary vibrations generated upward by performing the same role as a damper.

In addition, the upper elastic body 220 has a length of 1/3 of the total length of the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300, and the upper elastic body 220.

That is, the length of the upper elastic body 220 is half the length of the sum of the lower elastic body 210 and the piezoelectric ceramic 300.

For example, when the length of the lower elastic body 210 is formed to be 15 mm, and the length of the piezoelectric ceramic 300 is formed to be 20 mm, the upper elastic body 220 is the lower elastic body 210 and the piezoelectric ceramic It is formed with a length of 17.5mm, which is half the sum of the lengths of 300.

Meanwhile, the bolt 400 may be coupled by passing through a through hole provided in the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300, and the upper elastic body 220.

In addition, the bolt 400 may serve as a medium through which the lower elastic body 210 and the upper elastic body 220 are energized.

6 is a view for explaining a housing of a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the housing 500 is in a form in which the lower horn 110, the fixing plate 120, the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300, and the upper elastic body 220 are combined. Can be inserted.

According to the effects of the present invention as described above, by stacking and dividing a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics and forming different polarization directions of the stacked piezoelectric ceramics, bending vibration can be generated even when one sinusoidal AC power is applied. A turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator may be provided.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the present invention, by determining the fixed point of the side fix method based on the maximum displacement of vibration, a turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator that can minimize the change in displacement in the secondary resonance mode is provided. Can be

As described above, although an embodiment of the present invention has been described by a limited embodiment and the drawings, an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, which is a common knowledge in the field to which the present invention pertains. Anyone who has it can make various modifications and variations from these substrates. Therefore, one embodiment of the present invention should be grasped only by the claims described below, and all equivalent or equivalent modifications thereof will be said to belong to the scope of the inventive concept.

110: lower horn
120: fixing plate 121: first fixing point
122: second fixed point
210: lower elastic body
220: upper elastic body
300: piezoelectric ceramic 310: first piezoelectric ceramic
320: second piezoelectric ceramic
330: vibrator fixing ring
331: protrusion
400: volt
500: housing

Claims (4)

A lower horn 110 provided in a funnel shape and amplifying vibration;
A fixing plate 120 provided on the upper side of the lower horn 110 in a disk shape and provided with two fixing points 121 and 122 fixed by pressure to the outside;
A lower elastic body 210 is provided with a coupling column coupled to the fixing plate 120, a through hole is provided in the center, and transmits vibration to the lower horn 110 by expanding vibration;
A plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 300 provided on the upper side of the lower elastic body 210, provided with a through hole at the center thereof, and generating bending vibrations when AC power is applied;
An upper elastic body 220 provided on the upper side of the piezoelectric ceramic 300, provided with a through hole in the center, and damping vibration;
A bolt 400 that penetrates and couples through holes provided in the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300, and the upper elastic body 220; And
A housing 500 into which the lower horn 110, the fixing plate 120, the lower elastic body 210, the piezoelectric ceramic 300, and the upper elastic body 220 are inserted in a combined form;
Including,
The piezoelectric ceramic 300,
It is provided on the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and is divided into two areas based on a preset diameter line, and one polarization is formed in the upper direction and the other is formed in the lower direction in the divided area. A first piezoelectric ceramic 310;
It is provided on the upper side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and is divided into two areas based on a preset diameter line, and one polarization is formed in the upper direction and the other is formed in the lower direction in the divided area. A second piezoelectric ceramic 320; And
It is provided in a disk shape, has a through hole in the center, and includes a protrusion 331 on one side, and the upper and lower surfaces of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 so that the protrusions 331 face in opposite directions. Two vibrator fixing rings 330 in contact with;
Including,
A lathe machining tool using an ultrasonic vibrator in which polarizations of adjacent regions in the divided regions of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 are formed in opposite directions. The method of claim 1,
The fixed points 121 and 122 are,
At the midpoint between the positive maximum displacement of the Y-axis at the lower end of the lower horn 110 and the maximum displacement in the negative direction of the Y-axis, the extension line in the Z-axis direction and the fixing plate 120 meet in the positive direction of the X-axis. A first fixing point 121 where the extension line of and the outer circumferential line of the fixing plate 120 are in contact with each other; And
At the midpoint between the maximum displacement in the positive direction of the Y-axis and the maximum displacement in the negative direction of the Y-axis at the lower end of the lower horn 110, the extension line in the Z-axis direction and the fixing plate 120 meet in the negative direction of the X-axis. Turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator, characterized in that consisting of; a second fixing point 122 where the extension line of and the outer circumferential line of the fixing plate 120 are in contact with each other. The method of claim 1,
The piezoelectric ceramic 300,
A positive AC power is applied between the upper side of the lower elastic body 210 and the lower side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and between the upper side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320 and the lower side of the upper elastic body 220,
A turning tool using an ultrasonic vibrator, characterized in that negative AC power is applied between an upper side of the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and a lower side of the second piezoelectric ceramic 320. The method of claim 3,
In the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic to which the positive (+) AC power is applied, bending vibration occurs in the positive direction of the X-axis, and the negative (-) AC power is applied to the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic. Lathe machining tool using an ultrasonic vibrator, characterized in that bending vibrations occur in a negative direction of the X-axis in the first piezoelectric ceramic 310 and the second piezoelectric ceramic.

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