KR20200145244A - Cryogenic liquid fuel storage structure for hydrogen fuel cell operation - Google Patents

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to provide a cryogenic liquid fuel storage structure for hydrogen fuel cell driving. According to the present invention, the cryogenic liquid fuel storage structure comprises: an inner vessel which has a storage space for storing fuel and a heating unit on one side thereof, and is covered with an insulator; a fluid inflow/outflow pipe installed on an upper side of the inner vessel; an outer vessel separated and installed in a form of accommodating the inner container and the fluid inflow/outflow pipe; an injection port which has one end connected in a form of vertically passing through the outer vessel, has a safety valve and a gas discharge pipe of which an end is connected to the fluid inflow/outflow pipes and communicates with the outside, and is closed by a cap; and a gas discharge manifold wherein one end thereof is positioned in the inner vessel on one side of the inner vessel to discharge boil-off gas created in the inner vessel, and the other end thereof fixes inner and outer connection pipes connected to communicate with the injection port. The present invention injects fuel in a standing state when injecting fuel and uses fuel in a lying state when using fuel to efficiently supply fuel.

Description

Cryogenic liquid fuel storage structure for hydrogen fuel cell operation

The present invention relates to a fuel tank for mounting cryogenic liquid fuel, and more particularly, to protect the inside from the outside at an appropriate temperature through an insulating structure and material, and to be vertically installed to enable simple injection when fuel is injected. The present invention relates to a cryogenic liquid fuel tank structure for driving a hydrogen fuel cell that secures safety and ease of use by allowing the gasified fuel to be stably used during use.

As a way to solve the problems of air pollution and global warming caused by excessive use of fossil fuels, research to use non-hydrocarbon fuels has been actively conducted both at home and abroad. Among the various methods proposed to solve such a problem, the most efficient and representative method is the use of hydrogen energy.

Unlike hydrocarbon-based energy, hydrogen energy can be classified as a renewable energy source because only water is generated without emission of carbon dioxide during combustion and hydrogen can be obtained again from water.

In order to use hydrogen as an energy source, simplicity of transport and ease of storage must be ensured. For this, it is necessary to reduce the volume of hydrogen through densification. Among known methods of storing hydrogen by reducing the volume, the largest energy storage density is a method of liquefying hydrogen and storing it in the form of liquid hydrogen.

In recent years, research on a small hydrogen liquefaction apparatus using a cryogenic refrigerator has been conducted, and due to the increase in the efficiency of the cryogenic refrigerator, it has become possible to more easily cool gaseous hydrogen to a hydrogen liquefaction temperature of 20K or less.

Meanwhile, a fuel cell generates electric energy by electrochemically reacting a fuel and an oxidizing agent. Unlike disposable batteries or rechargeable batteries, it consumes fuel and generates electricity, so it can be used continuously as long as only fuel is supplied, and it does not burn fuel and only discharges heat and water after reaction, so it is in the spotlight as an environmentally friendly next-generation power source.

1 is a diagram schematically showing a fuel cell fuel supply system according to the prior art.

As shown, the fuel cell 20 is connected to the hydrogen storage tank 10 through the hydrogen supply line 30, and generates electric energy by receiving gaseous hydrogen (GH2) from the hydrogen storage tank 10. Let it. The hydrogen storage tank 10 stores liquefied hydrogen (LH2) at cryogenic temperatures, and as the liquefied hydrogen (LH2) is evaporated, the hydrogen gas (GH2) is transferred to the fuel cell along the supply line 30 by the pressure inside the storage tank. Supplied to (20).

In order to supply fuel to the fuel cell 20, the hydrogen gas (GH2) must maintain a constant pressure. To this end, the hydrogen supply line 30 controls the pressure of the hydrogen gas (GH2) supplied to the fuel cell 20. A regulator 40 for doing so is provided. The regulator 40 adjusts the pressure of the hydrogen gas GH2 to be in the range of about 1.5 to 2.0 bar and supplies it to the fuel cell.

Meanwhile, since liquefied hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank in a cryogenic state, heat introduced from the outside is minimized by maintaining a high vacuum state between the inner container and the outer container of the storage tank in order to prevent hydrogen from evaporating. Accordingly, there is a case in which liquefied hydrogen cannot be easily vaporized due to the high thermal insulation performance of the storage tank. Therefore, in the conventional fuel cell fuel supply system, even though the hydrogen storage tank is filled with fuel, sufficient hydrogen gas may not be supplied to the fuel cell due to insufficient hydrogen to be vaporized.

In addition, even when a sufficient amount of liquefied hydrogen is stored inside the fuel tank, the conventional fuel cell fuel supply system does not sufficiently vaporize liquefied hydrogen according to changes in the external environment, thereby stably supplying fuel per unit time required by the fuel cell. There are many cases in which it cannot be supplied.

And, cryogenic liquid energetic substances (liquid hydrogen, liquid oxygen, liquefied natural gas, etc.) having a high-density storage capacity at atmospheric pressure are efficient for storage and transport.

However, these materials have a cryogenic vaporization point (liquid hydrogen: minus 253 degrees, liquid oxygen: minus 183 degrees, liquefied natural gas: minus 162 degrees, etc.), so ultra-high vacuum insulation technology is required.

In addition, when injecting, it exists in cryogenic liquid state or in liquid state and gaseous state in the tank, and gas state is used for use.

Existing cryogenic liquid substance storage tanks have two or more pipes between the outer container at room temperature and the inner container at low temperature, and are used for injecting liquid substances, discharging vaporized gas, and connecting a safety valve. There was a big problem with external heat inflow through.

On the other hand, vacuum insulation is a technology that blocks heat inflow transmitted in the form of convective heat transfer by placing a certain space between the outer container and the inner container and removing gas therebetween.In cryogenic liquid storage tanks, a technology to maintain high vacuum in this space This is a key technology to minimize the evaporation loss of cryogenic liquids.

However, in order to use the gas vaporized by containing cryogenic liquid fuel in a dual-structure tank in which cryogenic insulation technology is concentrated, fuel injection and mounting of the fuselage after injection must be easy, but the structural safety according to the situation is not secured. .

The background technology or the prior art described herein is information possessed by the present inventors or acquired in the process of deriving the present invention, and is only intended to help understand the technical significance of the present invention. It is stated that it does not mean a well-known technology in the field.

KR Patent Registration No. 10-0758666 Announced 2007. 09. 13 KR Patent Publication No. 10-2011-0118923 Publication date 2011. 11.

Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention comprehensively consider the above-described matters, and in the idea of solving the technical limitations and problems of the existing fuel tank, concentrated insulation technology to store cryogenic liquids, but the injection of fuel can be easily and efficiently used. The present invention was invented as a result of continuous research with great efforts to develop a fuel tank that enables it.

Therefore, the technical problem and object to be solved by the present invention is to be able to efficiently supply fuel by injecting it in a granular state when fuel is injected and using it in a bed state when using fuel.

Herein, the technical problems and objects to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the technical problems and objects mentioned above, and other technical problems and objects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

Specific means according to the present invention for achieving the above-described object and solving the technical problem include an inner container having a storage space in which fuel is stored, a heating part provided on one side, and covered with an insulating material, and an upper side of the inner container The fluid inlet and outlet pipe to be installed, the outer container spaced apart from each other in a form accommodating the inner container and the fluid inlet and outlet pipe, and one end is connected to pass the outer container in the vertical direction, and the end is connected to the fluid inlet and outlet pipe In order to discharge the boil-off gas generated from the inner container and an injection port that has a gas discharge pipe and a safety valve to the outside and is closed through a stopper, one end from one side of the inner container is inside the inner container. It presents a gas discharge manifold that fixes the inner and outer connection pipes which are located at and the other end is connected to be in communication with the inlet.

The present invention with means and configurations for achieving the above object and solving the technical problem has the advantage of being designed to enable convenient granular injection during injection, and to enable stable use of the bed during use.

In addition, the fluid inlet and outlet pipe integrated with the gas discharge manifold reduces the inflow of external heat through the existing multiple pipes (input and output, etc.), and in particular, the use of cryogenic insulation materials effectively reduces the internal heat intrusion rate, resulting in loss of vaporization. There is an advantage to suppress it.

In addition, in the use of the vortex type, the gas can be discharged through the inlet, and the stored liquid does not flow after sealing through the stopper, and the gas generated in the internal container is smoothly discharged through the gas discharge manifold, which is an integrated inlet structure. There is an advantage that gas can be supplied through.

In addition, since the liquid injection tube can be easily inserted into the injection port, the liquid fuel is prevented from flowing backward, and heat flow is minimized through a fluid inlet and outlet pipe having an extremely small thermal conductivity.

Here, the effects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

1 is a schematic diagram showing a fuel supply system according to the prior art.
2 is a cross-sectional view of a cryogenic liquid fuel tank according to the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a state erected in an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 2.
4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a state in which the stopper is separated in FIG. 3.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to this, the terms to be described later are defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, and this should be interpreted as a concept conforming to the technical idea of the present invention and a meaning commonly or commonly recognized in the art.

In addition, when it is determined that a detailed description of known functions or configurations related to the present invention may obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Herein, the accompanying drawings are partially exaggerated or simplified for explanation of the configuration and operation of the technology, and for convenience and clarity of understanding, and it is understood that each component does not exactly match the actual size and shape.

In addition, in the present specification, the term and/or means a combination of a plurality of related items or any item among a plurality of related items, and when a certain part includes a certain element, it is a particularly opposite description. Unless there is no other component is not excluded, it means that other components can be further included.

That is, it means that the features, numbers, steps, actions, components, parts, or combinations thereof described in the present specification exist, and one or more other features or numbers, step-action components, parts, or a combination thereof It is to be understood that they do not exclude the possibility of their existence or addition.

In addition, terms such as top, bottom, top, bottom, or top, bottom, top, bottom, front and rear, left and right are used for convenience to distinguish the relative positions of each component. For example, the upper part on the drawing may be named or referred to as the upper part and the lower part as the lower part, the length direction as the front-rear direction, and the width direction as the left-right direction.

Also, terms such as first and second may be used to describe various components. That is, terms such as first and second may be used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component. For example, a first component may be referred to as a second component without departing from the protection scope of the present invention, and a second component may also be referred to as a first component.

The present invention relates to a cryogenic liquid fuel tank in which a cryogenic liquid fuel tank is constructed so that fuel can be efficiently supplied by injecting it in a granular state when fuel is injected and using it in an eddy state when using fuel.

According to the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, an inner container 100 having a storage space for storing fuel and provided with a heating unit on one side and covered with an insulating material, and a fluid installed on the upper side of the inner container 100 An inlet/outlet pipe 200, an outer vessel 300 spaced apart from each other in a form accommodating the inner vessel 100 and the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200, and one end passing through the outer vessel 300 in the vertical direction The inlet 400 is connected to the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 and has a gas discharge pipe 410 and a safety valve 420 connected to the outside and is closed through a stopper 430, and the inner container 100 In order to discharge the boil-off gas generated from), one end of the inner container 100 is located inside the inner container 100 and the other end is connected in communication with the inlet 400 It may be configured to include a gas discharge manifold 500 for fixing the inner and outer connection pipes 510 and 520.

The inner container 100 has a storage space 110 in which fuel is stored, a heating unit 120 for dissipating heating heat according to a signal value is provided on one side, and is covered with an insulating material 130.

The heating unit 120 adjusts the vaporization amount of the cryogenic liquid outside the inner container 100 through heating heat according to power application according to the sensed signal value.

The heat insulating material 130 may be made to minimize heat access between the inner container 100 and the outer container 300 by using glass fiber and multi-layer insulation (MLI).

The fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 is installed so as to be positioned above the inner container 100 when it is erected, and a material having low heat conduction is applied. This is a guide hole formed in the center along the axial direction, one end is installed to communicate with the inner container 100, the other end is connected to one side of the injection hole 400, and transmitted through the injection hole 400 through material properties It is possible to prevent the intrusion of external heat as much as possible.

The gas discharge manifold 500 is for discharging the gas vaporized in the internal storage space 110 of the inner container 100, and the inner connection pipe 510 does not allow the injected liquid to flow back when fuel is injected in the granular form. It should be placed as long as possible to the inlet port so that it adheres to the wall as close as possible so that only the gas in the upper empty space is discharged when used in a bed state. And the outer connection pipe 520 is installed in the spaced space 310, one end is connected to the inner connection pipe 510 through the gas discharge manifold 500, and the other end is connected to one side of the inlet 400, the gas discharge pipe ( 410).

Here, the injection port 400 and the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 may be formed integrally.

Accordingly, the gas generated from the inner container 100 flows into the inlet 400 through the inner connection pipe 510 and the outer connection pipe 520 and is supplied to the connection tube through the gas discharge pipe 410.

The outer container 300 is spaced apart from each other to accommodate the inner container 100 and the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 to form a spaced space 310, and an injection port 400 is fixedly installed on one side.

The spaced space 310 is formed by the inner container 100 and the outer container 300, and allows a space in a high vacuum state to be formed in order to reduce heat entry and exit due to convection and conduction.

In addition, a gas adsorption material 330 is installed on the wall surface of the spaced space 310 to maintain a high vacuum state for a long time, and the gas adsorption material 330 is made of a nanopore material, so that it is contained in a breathable pocket. can do.

In addition, a spacer 320 is provided in the space 310 between the inner container 100 and the outer container 300, and the spacer 320 is made of a low heat transfer material that is light and has many inner pores. .

The injection port 400 is integrally formed with the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 and has a "+" shape on the upper side thereof, and one end is connected to pass through the external container 300 in the vertical direction, and It is configured to have a gas discharge pipe 410 and a safety valve 420 through.

The gas discharge pipe 410 discharges the vaporized gas generated in the inner container 100.

The stopper 430 is formed of a hollow bar 432 in the form of a long round shape, and a blocking portion 434 having an inclined outer diameter protrudes at one end of the hollow bar 432 to form the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 The handle portion 436 is formed to be fitted and fixed by closing the end of the.

Accordingly, when the blocking part 434 blocks the guide hole of the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200, the inner connection pipe 510 and the outer connection pipe 520 of the gas discharge manifold 500 are inlet ( The gas is communicated with the gas discharge pipe 410 through 400, so that the gas can be discharged through the gas discharge pipe 410. In the case of the stopper 430 and the hollow bar 432 in the form of a long tube, it is applied with the same cryogenic insulation material as the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200 to maximize heat insulation by blocking heat intrusion from outside when cryogenic liquid is contained. It is desirable to do it.

A preferred state of use of the cryogenic liquid fuel tank according to the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

When injecting the cryogenic liquid, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the injection port 400 is erected upward, and then the stopper 430 is removed as shown in Fig. 4, and then the external injection tube is inserted into the injection port 400. ) Through the fluid inlet and outlet pipe 200, and then liquid fuel is injected. Then, the liquid fuel is injected into the storage space 110 of the inner container 100 in the form of falling, so that the storage space 110 can be filled.

In use, the fluid inlet and outlet pipes 200 are closed in a closed state with the separated stopper 430, and then placed at the place of use, and then the outer container 300 is laid down as shown in FIG. 2. At this time, the gas discharge manifold 500 may be laid to face upward. At this time, the inner connection pipe 510 is located on the upper side so that only gas can be introduced. Then, when the gas discharge pipe 410 is opened, the gas vaporized in the inner container 100 sequentially connects the outer connection pipe 520 of the separation space 310 through the inner connection pipe 510 of the gas discharge manifold 500. It is discharged and supplied through the gas discharge pipe 410 while passing through.

Reference numeral 521 in the drawing is a connection pipe of a cryogenic insulation material, and a device that effectively reduces internal heat intrusion by using a cryogenic insulation material.

On the other hand, the present invention is not limited by the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and can be variously modified and applied in various ways not illustrated without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It is obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art that substitutions and other equivalent embodiments may be widely applied.

Therefore, the content related to the modification and application of the technical features of the present invention should be interpreted as being included within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

100: inner container
200: fluid inlet and outlet pipe
300: external container
310: separation space 320: spacer
330: gas absorbent
400: inlet
410: gas discharge pipe 420: safety valve
430: plug
432: hollow bar 434: blocking portion
436: handle part
500: gas exhaust manifold
510: inner connection pipe 520: outer connection pipe
521: Cryogenic insulation material connector

Claims (4)

An inner container having a storage space for storing fuel and provided with a heating unit on one side and covered with an insulating material, a fluid inlet and outlet pipe installed on the upper side of the inner container, and a spaced apart installation in a form accommodating the inner container and the fluid inlet and outlet pipes. An injection port having an external container and one end connected to the external container in a vertical direction, an end connected to the fluid inlet and outlet pipe, a gas discharge pipe leading to the outside, a safety valve, and a hollow formed through a stopper, In order to discharge the boil-off gas generated from the inner container, one end of the inner container is located inside the inner container and the other end is connected to the inlet in communication with the inner and outer connection pipes are fixed. A cryogenic liquid fuel tank structure comprising a gas discharge manifold.
The method of claim 1,
The stopper is formed as a hollow bar in the form of a long long, and a blocking portion is formed protruding from one end of the hollow bar to close the end of the fluid inlet and outlet pipe, and a handle portion is formed to be fitted and fixed.
The method of claim 1,
A cryogenic liquid fuel tank structure, characterized in that an inclined surface is formed in the blocking portion and an inclined surface is formed at an end of the fluid inlet and outlet pipe to maintain a closed state in a mutually inclined state.
The method of claim 1,
A cryogenic liquid fuel tank structure, characterized in that a cryogenic insulation material connection pipe is inserted in the middle of the outer connection pipe connected to the gas discharge manifold to effectively reduce internal heat intrusion.

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