KR20200108391A - Apparatus for water and stream purification using soil block - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sewage purification device using a soil block. In constructing a purification device for treating sewage by stacking soil blocks in multiple stages, by optimizing not only the composition of a treated soil layer constituting the soil block, but also the effective particle diameter and moisture content of cement soil as well as the hardness of the treated soil layer, it is possible to increase the amount of sewage treated and effectively remove BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage. To this end, the sewage purification device using a soil block comprises: a treatment tank providing a space for treating sewage; a plurality of soil blocks vertically spaced in the treatment tank, and stacked in a multi-stage form and horizontally spaced apart from each other in each stage; and a water passing layer disposed between soil blocks of each stage and between soil blocks disposed in a horizontal direction at each stage, wherein the soil block includes a soil block frame; a treated soil layer provided inside the soil block frame to purify sewage; and a non-woven fabric provided inside the soil block frame to wrap the treated soil layer to prevent the treated soil layer from being lost from the soil block, and also to deliver the sewage that passes through the treated soil layer to the soil block or water passing layer on the bottom. The treated soil layer is made of a mixture of cement soil, leaf mold, charcoal and pumice stone, and the effective particle diameter of cement soil is 0.075-0.250 mm.

Description

Apparatus for water and stream purification using soil block}

The present invention relates to a sewage purification device using a soil block, and more particularly, in configuring a purification device for treating sewage by stacking soil blocks in multiple stages, not only the composition of the treated soil layer constituting the soil block, but also the effective particle diameter of Masato And it relates to a sewage purification apparatus using a soil block capable of effectively removing BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage while increasing the amount of sewage treated water by optimizing the moisture content and hardness of the treated soil layer.

Up to now, river maintenance centered on Ichisu has caused direct reinforcement of the river and damage to the river environment, and this has resulted in the loss of self-cleaning ability of the river by reducing the residence time of the river running water. On the other hand, since river pollution is characterized by a large quantity of water and a low pollution concentration, it is not practical in terms of economy to apply a water treatment method to the total quantity of rivers. Therefore, there is a growing demand for a pro-natural water purification technology that restores the natural purification ability of a river and maintains clean water quality by itself.

Water purification technologies using contact oxidation facilities, artificial wetlands, and artificial plant islands applied under this background have advantages such as excellent biological removal efficiency by vegetation and microorganisms and improvement of the surrounding landscape, but the function cannot be maintained continuously in the event of a flood. The structure itself has a limit of collapse. To overcome these limitations, a nature-friendly water purification method that can consider the watershed space including surface water, groundwater, and land is needed.

From this point of view, the ``subflow type purification device for effluent treatment of sewage, lake water, and wastewater treatment system and a purification treatment method using the same'' proposed in Korean Patent Registration No. 586496 creates an underflow purification site at a reservoir site or a lakeside site. It is expected to improve water quality by removing nitrogen and phosphorus by planting plants as well as decomposing organic matter through soil filtration, adsorption and microbial metabolism. However, in the above method, since the treatment capacity absolutely depends on the permeability coefficient of the soil layer, it is difficult to secure the treatment capacity when using soil with poor water permeability, and a clogging phenomenon occurs during long-term operation to maintain operation. Has a difficult drawback.

In order to solve this problem, a multi-stage soil layer method has been developed and used. Looking at the multi-stage soil layer method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-154696, etc., it is characterized by changing the flow of fluid by improving the structure, although it is basically based on the purification method using soil. Thus, the soil layer is piled up in the target area and the reaction tank using a racking model, and a water permeable layer is formed between the soil layers to improve water passing capacity. In the case of this method, there is an advantage of increasing the throughput by improving the water permeability of the water permeable layer.

In addition, Korean Laid-Open Patent No. 2015-0091815 proposes a technology capable of removing nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage by configuring a soil block with soil, absorbent, iron and alumina, and stacking the soil blocks in multiple stages. .

As described above, the water purification method using soil is being developed in the direction of effectively removing various pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage while increasing the amount of treated water.

However, in treating sewage through a soil treatment tank in which soil blocks are stacked in multiple stages, in order to effectively remove pollutants such as BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus while treating wastewater above a certain level, the composition of the material constituting the soil block In addition, the effective grain size, moisture content, and hardness of soil blocks must be considered.

Korean Patent Registration No.586496 Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-154696 Korean Patent Publication No. 2015-0091815

The present invention was conceived to solve the above problems, in constructing a purification device for treating sewage by stacking soil blocks in multiple stages, not only the composition of the treated soil layer constituting the soil block, but also the effective particle diameter and water content of Masato, Its purpose is to provide a sewage purification device using a soil block that can effectively remove BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage while increasing the amount of wastewater treated by optimizing the hardness of the treated soil layer.

A sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention for achieving the above object comprises: a treatment tank providing a space for treating sewage; A plurality of soil blocks that are vertically spaced in the treatment tank and stacked in a multi-stage form and horizontally spaced apart from each other in the treatment tank; And a water-passing layer disposed between the soil blocks of each stage and between the soil blocks disposed in a horizontal direction at each stage, wherein the soil block includes: a soil block frame; A treated soil layer provided inside the soil block frame to purify sewage; And it is provided inside the soil block frame to surround the treated soil layer to prevent the treated soil layer from being lost from the soil block, and transfer the sewage that penetrates the treated soil layer to the soil block or the water passing layer at the bottom. It includes a non-woven fabric serving as a role, and the treated soil layer is formed by mixing Masato, humus, charcoal, and pumice, and the effective particle diameter of Masato may be 0.075 to 0.250 mm.

The hardness of the treated soil layer may be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on a Yamanaka hardness tester.

The moisture content of Masato may be 11 to 14%.

A sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing sewage on the top of the soil block or between the soil blocks of each level may be provided.

In addition, the sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention includes: a treatment tank providing a space for treating sewage; A plurality of tubular soil blocks that are vertically spaced in the treatment tank and stacked in a multi-stage form, and disposed horizontally or in contact with each stage; Tubular water passing blocks disposed in a horizontal direction in contact with the soil blocks disposed in a horizontal direction at each end; And a water passing layer disposed between the soil blocks or the water passing blocks adjacent in a vertical direction, wherein the tubular soil block comprises: a tubular nonwoven fabric; And a treated soil layer provided in the nonwoven fabric to purify sewage, wherein the water passing block includes a steel material; And a water-passing layer provided in the steel material, and the treated soil layer is formed by mixing Masato, humus, charcoal and pumice, and the effective particle diameter of Masato may be 0.075 to 0.250 mm.

The hardness of the treated soil layer may be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on a Yamanaka hardness tester.

The moisture content of Masato may be 11 to 14%.

A sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing sewage on the top of the soil block or between the soil blocks of each level may be provided.

The sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention has the following effects.

In constructing the treated soil layer of the soil block, it is possible to increase the amount of treated water by optimizing the composition of the treated soil layer, the effective particle diameter and moisture content of Masato, and the hardness of the treated soil layer, and effectively remove BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the raw water. I can.

1 is a block diagram of a sewage treatment apparatus using a soil block according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a sewage treatment apparatus using a soil block according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an experimental result showing the BOD removal amount of Device 1 and Device 2 according to the period.
4 is an experimental result showing the amount of SS removal of Device 1 and Device 2 according to the period.
5 is an experimental result showing the COD removal amount of the device 1 and device 2 according to the period.
6 is an experimental result showing the total phosphorus (TP) removal amount of Device 1 and Device 2 according to the period.
7 is an experimental result showing the total nitrogen (TN) and NH ₄ removal ability of the device 1 according to the period.
8 is an experimental result showing the E. coli removal ability of the device 1 and device 2 according to the period.
9A to 9G are reference views for explaining a method of manufacturing a soil block and a sewage treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
10 is an experimental result of particle size distribution of various soils.

The present invention proposes a technology related to a sewage treatment apparatus in which soil blocks are stacked in multiple stages. The present invention proposes a technology capable of effectively removing BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage while increasing the amount of sewage treated water by optimizing a soil block in configuring a sewage treatment apparatus.

The soil block according to the present invention is a block of a certain amount of treated soil layer. The treated water quantity of the soil block and the removal of BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus by the soil block are determined by the composition of the treated soil layer, the effective particle diameter and moisture content of Masato, and the hardness of the treated soil layer, and the present invention relates to the composition of the treated soil layer, Masato Soil blocks with optimized parameters such as effective particle size and moisture content of and the hardness of the treated soil layer are presented.

The treated soil layer constituting the soil block according to the present invention includes masato, humus, charcoal and pumice. Masato is a component constituting the matrix of the treated soil layer, and has the advantage of excellent water permeability and easy particle size management. The humus provides a space for soil microbes to grow and serves as food for soil microbes. After 2-3 months, humus is completely decomposed by soil microorganisms, and the decomposed humus provides voids in the treated soil layer. Pumice stone plays a role in controlling moisture in the treated soil layer. Pumice stone has abundant pores, and when there is a lot of moisture in the treated soil layer, a certain amount of moisture is stored in the pumice stone, and when the treated soil layer is dried, the moisture stored in the pumice stone is released, so that the moisture in the treated soil layer can be kept constant. In addition, it is possible to avoid the phenomenon that Masato squishes through the pumice stone function. Charcoal plays a role of providing water permeability and breathability to the treated soil layer, and has functions of decolorization, deodorization, and dephosphorization.

In constituting the treated soil layer with the above-described Masato, humus, pumice and charcoal, the treated soil layer at a ratio of 75 to 80% of Masato, 10 to 15% of humus, 5 to 10% of pumice and 10 to 15% of charcoal relative to the volume of the total treated soil layer Can be created. In the case of humus, if it is less than 10%, the purification effect by soil microorganisms is insignificant, and when it exceeds 15%, there is a risk that the treated soil layer may be settled due to excessive formation of voids caused by humus. In the case of pumice, it is determined in consideration of the amount of sewage treated per square meter of the treated soil layer per day (L/m ² ·day), that is, the unit amount of sewage treated in the treated soil layer (L/m ² ·day). 5% of pumice corresponds to the lowest value of unit wastewater treatment, and 10% of pumice corresponds to the highest value of unit wastewater treatment. In the case of charcoal, if it is less than 10%, the water permeability and air permeability of the treated soil layer are deteriorated, and decolorization, deodorization, and dephosphorization do not proceed effectively.

On the other hand, in addition to the Masato, humus, charcoal, and pumice, the local soil on which the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention is installed may be included as a component of the treated soil layer. In this case, the effective particle diameter of the local soil is within the effective particle diameter range of Masato. Must belong. The effective particle diameter of Masato will be described later.

In order to improve the treated water quantity of the soil block and the removal of BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus by the soil block, in addition to the composition of the treated soil layer as described above, the effective particle diameter and moisture content of Masato, and the hardness of the treated soil layer must be optimized. The effective particle diameter and moisture content of Masato according to the present invention, and the hardness of the treated soil layer will be described as follows.

First, Masato's effective particle diameter must be optimized.

In purifying sewage using soil, the main body of sewage purification is microorganisms, but the factors that determine the amount of sewage treatment are the particle size and void ratio of the soil. The water permeability of fluid passing through the soil gap is greatly influenced by the soil particle size distribution. The effective particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) of the soil refers to the particle diameter corresponding to 10% of the passing mass percentage, and the permeability coefficient of the soil is determined by the effective particle diameter (D ₁₀ ). To be precise, the water permeability coefficient of the soil is proportional to the square value of the effective particle diameter (D ₁₀ ).

The effective particle diameter of Masato should be determined primarily by considering the water quality of the water to be treated, the planned treatment amount, and the unit treatment amount, and the mixing conditions of the treated soil layer, the stacking water of the soil block, the blockage of the soil block, etc. It should be decided in consideration of design conditions. To this end, the present applicant conducted an experiment under the conditions shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 below shows the experiment by applying various Masato effective particle diameters under the mixing conditions of the treated soil layer, the material conditions of the soil blocks, the stacking water conditions of the soil blocks, and various sewage conditions. In addition, Table 2 below shows the passing mass (%) according to the particle diameter of Masato. Referring to Table 2 and FIG. 10, the passing mass is preferably within the range of 10%, and the effective particle diameter of Masato corresponding to the range of 10% of the passing mass (%) is 0.075 to 0.250 mm. Therefore, it is desirable to design the optimum effective particle diameter of Masato to be 0.075 to 0.250 mm.

<Test conditions for determining the effective particle diameter of Masato> № Experiment name term Number of treatment targets Unit throughput (㎥/㎡day) Effective particle diameter (mm) One Mixture experiment for treated soil layer 2000.5 ∼ 2000.8 River water 4..0 0.08 2 Demonstration experiment 2000.12 ∼ 2001.11 River water 8.0 0.15 3 Soil block material selection experiment 2001.9 ∼ 2002.3 River water 8.0 0.16 4 Functional effect follow-up investigation 2004.6 ∼ 2004.10 River water 4-8 5 Soil block stacking test 2003.4 ∼ 2004.3 excretions 2-4 0.15 6 Advanced treatment experiment of treated water in sewage treatment plant 2004.6 ∼ 2006.5 Sewage treatment water 8.0 0.23 7 Demonstration facility of advanced treatment sewage treatment plant 2009.4 ∼ 2011.7 Domestic sewage 6.0 0.18 8 Advanced treatment and reuse facility for laundry wastewater 2016.11 ∼ 2017.10 Laundry wastewater 6.5 0.20

<Pass mass (%) according to Masato's particle size> Particle diameter (mm) Passing mass (%) 9.50 100.0 4.75 93.0 2.00 63.0 0.85 36.6 0.425 19.7 0.250 9.7 0.106 2.8 0.075 0.1 0.020 0.1 0.002 0.0

Next, the moisture content of Masato and the hardness of the treated soil layer according to the present invention are determined in consideration of the following points. Masato provided in the soil block of the present invention preferably has a moisture content of 11 to 14%. If the moisture content of Masato is less than 11% or exceeds 14%, it is difficult to integrate Masato, humus, pumice and charcoal, and the moisture content of 11-14% makes it possible to integrate the treated soil layer and move the wastewater. It is possible to secure a gap in the soil layer to be treated.

In addition, the treated soil layer provided in the soil block according to the present invention is required to have a certain level of hardness. The hardness of the treated soil layer is obtained as a result of the compaction of the treated soil layer. That is, it is possible to impart hardness to the treated soil layer by compacting the treated soil layer to a certain strength in a state in which the treated soil layer is provided in the soil block.

When compaction is not performed, that is, when the hardness of the treated soil layer is low, the settlement of the treated soil layer occurs due to natural consolidation, and the settlement of the treated soil layer causes the settlement of the entire sewage purification device including the water passing layer. In addition, when the hardness of the treated soil layer is low, fine particles in the treated soil layer precipitate to the lower part of the soil gap, causing blockage. On the other hand, if the compaction work is excessively performed and the hardness of the treated soil layer is greater than the reference value, the voids are blocked, and the permeability and ventilation are deteriorated, and water purification is not possible. In consideration of these points, the hardness of the treated soil layer according to the present invention is preferably designed to be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on a hardness tester.

The hardness of the treated soil layer can be measured using a soil hardness tester (山中式標準型). The hardness tester used in the hardness measurement method using a soil hardness tester (山中式標準型) may use a hardness tester as shown in FIG. 10. After the 山中式標準 type hardness tester as shown in FIG. 10 is pierced into the treated soil layer, the hardness of the treated soil layer can be evaluated by checking the scale of the treated soil layer penetrated by the hardness tester. For reference, the Yamanaka method of hardness measurement using the above-described hardness tester is a method widely used in the field of measuring the hardness of soil.

In the above, the soil block according to the present invention has been described. Next, a description will be given of a sewage purification apparatus to which the soil block of the present invention is applied. The sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention is divided into a first embodiment and a second embodiment according to the shape and arrangement of the soil block. In the case of the first embodiment, the soil block has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and in the second embodiment, the soil block has a tubular shape.

The sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a treatment tank 110 as shown in FIG. 1. The treatment tank 110 provides a space in which the soil block 120 and the water passing layer 130 are provided.

A plurality of soil blocks 120 are vertically spaced apart in the treatment tank 110 and provided in a multi-stage form. In addition, a plurality of soil blocks 120 are provided in the horizontal direction in each stage. A water passing layer 130 is provided between the soil blocks 120 at each stage and between the soil blocks 120 horizontally disposed at each stage. The water passing layer 130 may be composed of pumice.

The soil block 120 includes a soil block frame 121, a nonwoven fabric 122, and a treated soil layer 123. The soil block frame 121 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an open top surface, and provides a space in which the treated soil layer 123 is provided. The nonwoven fabric 122 wraps the treated soil layer 123 and prevents the treated soil layer 123 from being lost from the soil block 120, and prevents wastewater passing through the treated soil layer 123 at the bottom of the soil block 120 or It serves to transfer to the water passing layer 130. In the state where the soil block frame 121 is prepared, the soil block 120 may be manufactured by providing a nonwoven fabric 122 inside the soil block frame 121 and burying the treated soil layer 123 on the nonwoven fabric 122. A method of manufacturing the soil block 120 and a method of installing the sewage treatment device will be described later in detail.

In addition, a sewage distribution pipe 140 for uniformly distributing sewage is provided on the soil block 120 at the top, and the sewage distribution pipe 140 may be disposed between the soil blocks 120 of each step.

On the other hand, the treated soil layer 123 provided in the soil block frame 121 has the above-described composition, effective particle diameter, hardness and moisture content. Specifically, the treated soil layer 123 is composed of 75 to 80% of Masato, 10 to 15% humus, 10 to 15% charcoal, and 5 to 10% pumice based on the volume of the total treated soil layer. In addition, the effective particle diameter of Masato constituting the treated soil layer 123 must satisfy 0.075 to 0.250 mm, the hardness of the treated soil layer 123 is designed to be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the hardness tester, and the moisture content of Masato is 11 to 14 % Is preferred.

Next, the sewage purification apparatus using the soil block according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a treatment tank 210 as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 2 ). The treatment tank 210 provides a space in which the soil block 220, the water passing block 230, and the water passing layer 240 are provided.

While the soil block 220 of the first embodiment has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the soil block 220 of the second embodiment has a tubular shape. Such tubular soil blocks 220 are spaced apart in a vertical direction and are repeatedly arranged in a multi-stage shape, and a plurality of soil blocks 220 are repeatedly arranged adjacent to each other in a horizontal direction in each stage as well.

In the horizontal arrangement of each stage, in the case of the first embodiment, a plurality of soil blocks 220 are disposed to be spaced apart, whereas in the second embodiment, a plurality of soil blocks 220 may be disposed in contact with each other. In addition, in the horizontal arrangement of each stage, a water passing block 230 is provided in contact with the soil block 220. Therefore, in the horizontal arrangement of each stage, a plurality of soil blocks 220 are arranged in contact with each other, such a plurality of soil blocks 220 groups are spaced apart, and a plurality of soil blocks 220 groups (群) A water passing block 230 disposed in contact with the soil block 220 is provided therebetween. The water passing block 230 has a tubular shape similar to the soil block 220. In addition, a water passing layer 240 is provided in a space between the soil blocks 220 or water passing blocks 230 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction.

Meanwhile, the tubular soil block 220 includes a tubular nonwoven fabric 221 and a treated soil layer 222 provided in the nonwoven fabric 221. The water passing block 230 includes a PE steel material 231 and a water passing layer 232 provided in the PE steel material 231.

A sewage distribution pipe 250 for uniformly distributing sewage as in the first embodiment is provided on the uppermost soil block 220, and such a sewage distribution pipe 250 is also disposed between the soil blocks 220 of each stage. Can be.

The treated soil layer 222 provided in the soil block 220 has the above-described composition, effective particle diameter, hardness and moisture content. Specifically, the treated soil layer consists of 75 to 80% of Masato, 10 to 15% of humus, 10 to 15% of charcoal, and 5 to 10% of pumice based on the total volume of the treated soil layer. In addition, the effective particle diameter of Masato constituting the treated soil layer must satisfy 0.075 to 0.250 mm, the hardness of the treated soil layer is designed to be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the hardness tester, and the moisture content of Masato is preferably 11 to 14%.

Next, a method of manufacturing a soil block according to a first embodiment of the present invention and a method of installing a sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described as follows.

To prepare a soil block according to the first embodiment, a treated soil layer is prepared. The treated soil layer is prepared by mixing 75 to 80%, humus 10 to 15%, charcoal 10 to 15%, and pumice stone 5 to 10%, and Masato constituting the treated soil layer has an effective particle diameter of 0.075 to 0.250 mm, moisture content of 11 to 14% Satisfies the conditions of

Next, a soil block frame is prepared (see FIG. 9A), a nonwoven fabric is provided inside the soil block frame, and a treated soil layer is buried on the nonwoven fabric (see FIG. 9B). Then, compaction work is performed on the treated soil layer buried in the soil block frame (see Fig. 9c) so that the hardness of the treated soil layer satisfies 11.0 to 15.0 mm (see Fig. 9d). Through this process, the soil block according to the first embodiment is completed.

The installation method of the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment is as follows.

After installing a support plate at the bottom of the treatment tank of the sewage treatment apparatus (see Fig. 9e), a plurality of soil blocks are disposed on the support plate in a horizontal direction (see Fig. 9f). Subsequently, a water passing layer of a certain height is buried so as to cover all of the plurality of soil blocks (see FIG. 9g). Then, a plurality of soil blocks are again placed in the horizontal direction on the water passing layer. The soil block arrangement and the process of reclaiming the water passage are repeated to complete the sewage treatment system in which the soil blocks are stacked in multiple stages. A sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing sewage is installed on the uppermost soil block (see Fig. 9h), and such a sewage distribution pipe may be installed between soil blocks of each level.

In the above, the soil block and the sewage purification apparatus using the same according to the present invention have been described. Next, the present invention will be described in more detail through experimental examples.

<Experimental Example 1: Experimental Method>

Raw water treatment was performed on the sewage purification apparatus according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, and BOD removal ability, SS and COD removal ability, phosphorus and nitrogen removal ability, E. coli removal ability, and the like were evaluated. In the following description, the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment used in the experiment will be referred to as'device 1', and the sewage treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment will be referred to as'device 2'.

For the soil block of Device 1, a stainless steel frame was used as the soil block frame, and the treated soil layer was wrapped with a nonwoven fabric. The soil block of Device 1 was designed to have a size of W200 x L400 x H50mm. The overall size of Device 1 was designed as W1.30 x L0.80 x H2.00m. Between the soil blocks, pumice was placed as a water passing layer. Apparatus 2 completed the soil block by filling the treated soil layer in a tubular nonwoven fabric. The soil block of Apparatus 2 was designed with a size of φ60mm x 800mm. The overall size of the device 2 was designed to be W1.30 x L0.80 x H2.00m as in the device 1, and pumice stone was placed as a water passing layer between the soil blocks. The treated soil layers of Device 1 and Device 2 were all composed of a combination of Masato, humus, and charcoal. The total combination of Device 1 and Device 2 consisted of 60% pumice, 32% Masato, 4% humus, and 4% charcoal.

Raw water was used as raw water having properties of BOD 20.0mg/l, SS 10.0mg/l, TP 3.0mg/l, and TN 18.3mg/l. The experiment period was from August 20 to December 16, 2017, and 200 m ³ /day of raw water was supplied to Device 1 and Device 2. Further, 7.0 l/m ² ·min (4.2 l/m ³ ·min) of air was continuously supplied to the apparatus 1 and 2 for 24 hours.

<Experimental Example 2: Treatment water amount>

As a result of running Device 1 and Device 2 for 108 days, the average daily throughput of Device 1 was 8.4 m ³ /m ² /day, and Device 2 was 7.6 m ³ /m ² /day. The amount of treatment water for each period of Device 1 and Device 2 is shown in Table 3 below.

<Treatment amount of device 1 and device 2 per period (m ³ /m ² /day)> term Elapsed days Device 1 Device 2 8/27∼9/13 17 7.55 7.42 9/18∼10/16 50 8.70 8.82 10/21∼11/11 76 10.10 8.65 11/11∼11/14 Resting 11/18-12/16 108 6.98 5.47 Average 8.4 7.6

<Experimental Example 3: Water Quality Analysis for General Items> Water temperature, pH, and ORP showed similar values for both raw and treated water. DO (Dissolved Oxygen Amount) showed a higher value of treated water than raw water, and this is because 7.0 l/m ² min (4.2 l/m ³ min) of air was continuously supplied to Device 1 and Device 2 for 24 hours. It is believed to be caused by.

<Experimental Example 4: BOD removal ability>

Table 4 below shows the BOD removal capabilities of Device 1 and Device 2.

<BOD removal ability of device 1 and device 2> Collection date Load Raw water temperature Enemy BOD 　BOD of device 1 BOD of device 2 m ³ /㎡·day ℃ Mg/l BOD Removal rate BOD Removal rate 9/4 7.5 29.6 15.2 0.54 96.45% 0.95 93.75% 9/11 7.5 28.8 38.65 0.56 98.55% 0.80 97.93% 9/19 8.5 24.6 14.20 1.13 92.04% 1.17 91.76% 9/23 8.5 26.5 11.15 0.45 95.96% 0.63 94.35% 10/1 8.5 26.0 13.20 1.45 89.02% 1.09 91.74% 10/7 8.5 24.2 25.55 1.55 93.93% 2.00 92.17% 10/14 8.5 25.4 18.05 0.82 95.46% 0.79 95.62% 10/21 10.0 22.7 22.0 1.37 93.77% 1.33 93.95% 10/29 10.0 21.9 11.6 0.61 94.72% 0.67 94.20% 11/4 10.0 18.0 24.2 1.16 95.20% 0.84 96.52% 11/11 10.0 17.8 17.5 1.37 92.15% 0.70 95.99% Average 19.2 1.00 94.79% 1.00 94.80% 11/18 7.0 13.5 33.6 4.83 85.60% 3.67 89.06% 11/25 7.0 15.5 26.7 5.78 78.35% 5.68 78.73% 12/2 7.0 14.4 28.2 6.64 76.45% 7.19 74.50% 12/10 7.0 9.5 20.0 7.50 62.50% 8.70 56.50% 12/16 7.0 13.5 27.3 6.3 77.00% 19.7 27.84%

Referring to Table 4 and FIG. 3, as a result of operation with a load of 7.5 m ³ /m 2 ·day for the initial 3 weeks, both Device 1 and Device 2 showed stable BOD removal ability. Thereafter, on 9/13, the load was increased to 8.55 m ³ /m 2 ·day and the experiment was continued for about 5 weeks. As a result, the BOD removal ability was 2 mg/l or less, satisfying the target value (5 mg/l). Subsequently, on the 10/16th day, the load was increased to 10m ³ /m 2·day and the experiment was continued for 4 weeks. As a result, the BOD removal ability was 2 mg/l or less, satisfying the target value (5 mg/l). Looking at the relationship between the temperature of the raw water and the ability to remove BOD, the water quality load is 10m ³ /㎡·day, and the BOD concentration of the raw water is 20mg under conditions where the temperature and water temperature are relatively high and the biological activity of the soil is maintained high between summer and autumn. Even if it exceeded /l, the treated water satisfies the BOD of 5 mg/l or less. In the winter when the water temperature is lower than 15°C, the biological activity in the pretreatment tank is lowered, and the BOD of the treated water exceeds the target value of 5 mg/l. However, even in this case, if the BOD of the raw water is maintained at 20 mg/l, it is estimated that the BOD of the treated water can be adjusted to the target value. In addition, when the scale of the sewage treatment apparatus is larger than that of the apparatus 1 and 2 and is buried underground, the influence of the external temperature decreases, it is expected that the BOD of the treated water can be adjusted to the target value even in winter.

On the other hand, looking at the relationship between the load amount and the BOD removal ability, it was confirmed that even if the load amount increased from 7.5 to 10 m ³ /m 2 ·day, the BOD removal rate remained more than 90%. After setting the load to 10m ³ /㎡·day, there was no significant effect on the BOD removal capacity for about 4 weeks until the end of November, and stable treated water quality was maintained. In December, the ability to remove BOD began to decline, mainly due to the decrease in biological activity due to low temperatures.

<Experimental Example 5: SS and COD removal ability>

4 is an experimental result showing the amount of SS removal by Device 1 and Device 2 according to the period, and FIG. 5 is an experimental result showing the amount of COD removal by Device 1 and Device 2 according to the period. Referring to FIG. 4, SS (solids) of raw water was removed by more than 90% of SS of raw water by 11/11 days after operation, and about 70% of SS of raw water was removed in winter.

COD _cr (chemical oxygen demand-potassium dichromate method) removal ability is as follows. Referring to FIG. 5, the COD _cr of raw water was about 30-40/l in both Device 1 and Device 2, and the removal efficiency was low in winter (up to 64 mg/l), similar to the BOD removal ability.

Looking at the relationship between the load and the removal capacity of SS and COD _cr , similar to the BOD removal capacity, even when the load increases from 7.5 to 10 m ³ /㎡·day, stable SS removal capacity and COD _cr removal capacity were shown.

<Experimental Example 6: Phosphorus removal ability>

Table 5 below shows the total phosphorus (T-P) removal rates of devices 1 and 2 according to the load, and FIG. 6 shows the total phosphorus (T-P) removal rates of devices 1 and 2 according to the period.

<Total phosphorus (T-P) removal rate of Device 1 and Device 2 according to the load> Treatment quantity Marshal T-P T-P of device 1 treated water T-P of device 2 treated water m ³ /㎡日 Mg/l Mg/l Removal rate Mg/l Removal rate 7.5 2.92 2.49 14.90% 2.40 17.81% 8.5 3.26 2.86 12.50% 2.87 12.19% 10.0 2.71 2.66 1.85% 2.64 2.77% 7.0 2.99 2.84 5.02% 2.73 8.51%

Referring to Table 5, when the load was less than 8.5 m ³ /m 2 ·day, the total phosphorus (TP) removal rate was 10-20%, but when the load was more than 10.0 m ³ /m 2 ·day, the total phosphorus (TP) was hardly removed. In addition, referring to FIG. 6, from 10/16, the load was increased to 10.0 m ³ /m 2 ·day and treated for 4 weeks, and then the load was reduced to 7 m ³ /m 2 ·day and treatment was performed, but phosphorus was hardly removed. . <Experimental Example 7: Nitrogen removal ability>

Analysis was performed on the nitrogen removal ability of the apparatus 1. Table 6 below shows the experimental results showing the nitrogen removal ability of Device 1, and the nitrogen items to be analyzed were set to total nitrogen (TN), NH ₄ , and NO ₃ . 7 is an experimental result showing the total nitrogen (TN) and NH ₄ removal ability of Device 1 according to the period.

<Nitrogen removal ability of device 1> Collection date TN NH ₄ NO ₃ enemy Treated water enemy Treated water Removal rate enemy Treated water Removal rate 9/4 12.92 12.73 5.12 0.03 99.4% 7.2 12.7 1.76 9/11 16.32 14.28 1.76 0.07 96.0% 8.3 10.0 1.21 9/19 15.91 15.78 0.29 0.09 69.0% 8.1 8.9 1.10 9/23 14.96 13.87 1.12 0.06 94.6% 9.5 10.8 1.14 10/1 15.64 15.50 0.43 0.07 83.7% 10.7 11.6 1.08 10/7 17.54 16.32 0.92 0.13 85.9% 8.0 8.6 1.08 10/14 17.54 16.59 0.92 0.10 89.1% 13.6 13.8 1.01 10/21 16.32 16.86 0.81 0.11 86.4% 10.3 11.2 1.09 10/29 18.09 17.95 0.79 0.10 87.3% 10.8 11.9 1.10 11/4 18.09 15.37 1.37 0.19 86.1% 9.7 10.4 1.07 11/11 17.27 15.64 3.30 1.79 45.8% 10.2 11.4 1.12 11/18 17.68 15.78 5.68 0.76 86.6% 8.6 12.4 1.44 11/25 20.26 20.26 6.70 1.50 77.6% 8.4 11.5 1.37 12/2 24.21 19.99 14.90 1.30 91.3% 6.5 13.2 2.03 12/10 23.90 24.20 11.15 0.65 94.2% 6.2 15.0 2.42 12/16 26.70 25.30 11.30 0.11 99.0% 7.5 15.9 2.12 medium 18.33 17.28 4.16 0.44 89.4% 8.98 11.83 1.26

As a result of carrying out a nitrogen removal ability experiment for Device 1, referring to Table 6 and FIG. 7, ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ -N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO ₂ -N) in raw water are mostly nitrate nitrogen (NO _3- It was confirmed that it was converted to N). Ammonia Nitrogen (NH ₄ -N) and the nitrite nitrogen (NO ₂ -N) is nitrate undergoes nitrification nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N) to (NO ₃ -N) in the raw water is a nitrogen (N ₂ ) to go through the denitrification, nitrification, but the reaction proceeds stably is confirmed in this experiment, the nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N), nitrogen (N ₂₎ of nitrate nitrogen in the treated water to the denitrification is mimihayeo (NO ₃ of It was confirmed that -N) was contained in a large amount in the treated water. Accordingly, total nitrogen (TN) of raw water and treated water showed similar values regardless of the load. As shown in Table 6 and FIG. 7, the NH ₄ removal rate was 89.4%, indicating a very high value. This is due to the fact that the DO of the treated water is 7mg/l or more, and it is judged that the nitrification reaction has actively progressed as the operating conditions of the device 1 are strong aerobic conditions.

On the other hand, in order to denitrify nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N) to nitrogen (N ₂ ), a denitrification reaction by anaerobic microorganisms is required.For the denitrification reaction, the operating conditions of the device 1 must achieve anaerobic conditions, and the carbon source required for denitrification (Hydrogen donor) is required.

Until the middle of the experiment, the aerobic environment was achieved and the conditions required for the denitrification reaction were not satisfied due to the low concentration of organic matter in the raw water, so the nitrate nitrogen was maintained as it was, and the concentration of total nitrogen hardly changed. In the second half of the experiment, that is, as the winter season entered, as the temperature and water temperature decreased, the BOD of the raw water increased, and the load increased to 10.0m ³ /㎡·day, so that 10-15% of total nitrogen was removed.

The reason why the denitrification reaction partially proceeded in the second half of the experiment is estimated as follows. In winter, the BOD of raw water increases due to the decrease in water temperature, and it is estimated that untreated BOD was used as a hydrogen donor necessary for the denitrification reaction. In addition, it is determined that the interior of the device 1 is partially converted to anaerobic conditions as the load amount increases as SS of raw water accumulates in the device 1.

<Experimental Example 8: E. coli removal ability>

8 is an experimental result showing the E. coli removal ability of the device 1 and device 2 according to the period. Referring to FIG. 8, the number of E. coli in raw water was 300-3600/ml, but the number of E. coli in Device 1 and Device 2 was 100-1000/ml, which met the effluent treatment standard.

110: treatment tank 120: soil block
121: soil block frame 122: non-woven fabric
123: treated soil layer 130: water passing layer
140: sewage distribution pipe

Claims (8)

A treatment tank providing a space for treating sewage;
A plurality of soil blocks that are vertically spaced in the treatment tank and stacked in a multi-stage form and horizontally spaced apart from each other in the treatment tank; And
And a water passing layer disposed between the soil blocks of each stage and between the soil blocks disposed in a horizontal direction at each stage,
The soil block,
Soil block frame;
A treated soil layer provided inside the soil block frame to purify sewage; And
It is provided inside the soil block frame to surround the treated soil layer to prevent the treated soil layer from being lost from the soil block, and to deliver the sewage that passes through the treated soil layer to the soil block or the water passing layer at the bottom. Including a nonwoven fabric,
The treated soil layer is made of a mixture of masato, humus, charcoal and pumice,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the effective particle diameter of the Masato is 0.075 ~ 0.250mm. The method of claim 1,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the hardness of the treated soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0mm based on a Yamanaka type hardness meter. The method of claim 1,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the moisture content of the Masato is 11-14%. The method of claim 1,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing the waste water on the top of the soil block or between the soil blocks of each stage. A treatment tank providing a space for treating sewage;
A plurality of tubular soil blocks that are vertically spaced in the treatment tank and stacked in a multi-stage form, and disposed horizontally or in contact with each stage;
Tubular water passing blocks disposed in a horizontal direction in contact with the soil blocks disposed in a horizontal direction at each end; And
It includes a water passing layer disposed between the soil blocks or the water passing blocks adjacent in the vertical direction,
The tubular soil block,
Tubular non-woven fabric; And
It includes a treated soil layer provided in the non-woven fabric to purify the sewage,
The water passing block,
Steel; And
It includes a water passing layer provided in the steel material,
The treated soil layer is made of a mixture of masato, humus, charcoal and pumice,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the effective particle diameter of the Masato is 0.075 ~ 0.250mm. The method of claim 5,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the hardness of the treated soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0mm based on a Yamanaka type hardness meter. The method of claim 5,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the moisture content of the Masato is 11-14%. The method of claim 5,
Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, characterized in that the sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing the waste water on the top of the soil block or between the soil blocks of each stage.

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