CN112499757B - Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system - Google Patents

Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112499757B
CN112499757B CN202110122372.1A CN202110122372A CN112499757B CN 112499757 B CN112499757 B CN 112499757B CN 202110122372 A CN202110122372 A CN 202110122372A CN 112499757 B CN112499757 B CN 112499757B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
layer
filler
biological
composite medium
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202110122372.1A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN112499757A (en
Inventor
贺卫宁
马晶伟
陆先镭
林潇
吴羽璇
施周
陈蕃
王莉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan University
China Machinery International Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hunan University
China Machinery International Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan University, China Machinery International Engineering Design and Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan University
Priority to CN202110122372.1A priority Critical patent/CN112499757B/en
Publication of CN112499757A publication Critical patent/CN112499757A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112499757B publication Critical patent/CN112499757B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a graded biofiltration medium, a preparation method thereof and a graded biofiltration system, comprising the following steps: the biological filter filler is used for carrying out primary treatment on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and the biological retention composite medium filler is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after primary treatment, and the biological filter filler comprises volcanic rock; the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-10% of zeolite, 50-60% of coarse sand, 10-15% of fine sand, 20-25% of planting soil and 2-8% of coconut coir. The graded biofiltration medium comprises a biofiltration filler for primary treatment of initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage and a bioretention composite medium filler for secondary treatment, so that the quality of effluent treated by the graded biofiltration medium can be ensured, and the blockage of the bioretention composite medium filler caused by overhigh load can be avoided.

Description

Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sponge city construction and low-impact development, in particular to a graded biofiltration medium. In addition, the invention also relates to a preparation method and a graded biofiltration system comprising the graded biofiltration medium.
Background
In recent years, the control of water pollution in China is increasing, but the trend of water pollution deterioration is not completely restrained, and simultaneously, with the effective control of point source pollution, the problem of non-point source pollution caused by initial rainwater, combined overflow sewage (CSO for short) and the like attracts more and more attention in China. Through national popularization and publicity, the concept of treating rainwater by using low-impact development technology is accepted by more and more people. At present, the methods for treating the surface source pollution of initial stage rainwater, CSO and the like can be roughly divided into three types: the method mainly comprises the following steps of source, process and tail end control, and commonly used control measures mainly comprise a biological retention facility, an overflow regulation and storage tank, first-stage treatment of chemical enhancement, an artificial wetland and the like. However, the centralized release position of the rainwater and CSO pollution sources in the initial stage of China is often limited in space, the existing conventional control measures are difficult to implement due to large occupied area or high in operation cost, the pollutant removal rate is greatly influenced by the change of seasons, water quantity and water quality, the treatment effect is unstable, and the centralized release position cannot adapt to the change characteristics of the rainwater and CSO pollution sources in China.
The biological filtering facility uses the filler as a biological membrane carrier, purifies sewage by utilizing the oxidation and decomposition action of microorganisms in the biological membrane, the adsorption and interception action of the filler and the biological membrane, the food chain graded predation action formed along the water flow direction and the denitrification action of a microenvironment and an anaerobic section inside the biological membrane, and is a biological treatment technology commonly used in sewage treatment. But the treatment effect is poor when aeration is not performed and the load is high. Meanwhile, the performance of the filler has the greatest influence on the treatment efficiency, the construction cost and the operating cost of the biological filtration facility. For many years, people have been dedicated to research and develop the filler with large specific surface area, large microorganism attachment amount, good operation effect and low price.
Bioretention facilities originated in the united states at the end of the nineties of the twentieth century and have gradually become widely used runoff rainwater treatment facilities abroad due to their ability to effectively control non-point source pollution and their flexibility in size, layout, location, etc. In recent years, along with the gradual development of sponge city construction in China, biological detention facilities gradually draw attention of related researchers in China, and the possibility of treating wastewater from various sources is discussed. One of the basic raw materials of the bioretention facility is a composite medium filler with high water retention, strong permeability and slow release of organic matters. The composite medium filler in the prior art mainly has four forms: firstly, the composite medium filler takes humus as a basic raw material; secondly, the peat is used as a composite medium filler of the basic raw material; thirdly, the sand is used as a composite medium filler of the basic raw material; and fourthly, the composite medium filler takes the planting soil as a basic raw material. However, nutrients in humus soil and planting soil are easily released to a receiving water body along with runoff, and the water permeability is poor; although the permeability of the sandy soil is good, the water retention is poor, the plant selection is limited, and the landscape effect is influenced; peat belongs to non-renewable natural resources, and peat mining is prohibited in many areas. Therefore, a composite medium filler which can fix phosphorus, remove nitrogen, reduce secondary pollution and can be developed sustainably is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a graded biological filter medium, a preparation method thereof and a graded biological filter system, which are used for solving the technical problems that the existing pollutant removing effect for treating initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage is unstable, the change characteristics of the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage in China cannot be adapted, the treatment mode is single, various indexes of water quality cannot be met, the cost of used filler is high, and the popularization and the application cannot be realized.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a graded biofiltration media comprising: the biological filter filler is used for carrying out primary treatment on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and the biological retention composite medium filler is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after primary treatment, and the biological filter filler comprises volcanic rock; the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-10% of zeolite, 50-60% of coarse sand, 10-15% of fine sand, 20-25% of planting soil and 2-8% of coconut coir.
Further, the initial infiltration rate of the biological retention composite medium filler is more than or equal to 4.2 multiplied by 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10-5m/s, pH of 5.5-6.5 and burning weight loss rate (LOI) of organic matters of 2.5-3.5 percent.
Further, the particle size of the zeolite is 2-4 mm, the average particle size of coarse sand is more than or equal to 0.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 3.1-3.7; the fine sand has an average particle size of 0.25-0.35 mm and a fineness modulus of 1.6-2.2; the permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content is more than 5%, pH value is 6-8, and cation exchange capacity is more than 5mep/100 g; the pH value of the coconut coir is 5.5-6.5, and the EC value conductivity of the coconut coir is 0.5-0.9.
Furthermore, the volcanic rock has an average porosity of 0.3-0.4, a mud content of less than 0.4%, and a specific surface area of more than 9.5m2The dissolubility of hydrochloric acid is less than 3 percent per gram.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned graded biofiltration media, a method for preparing a bioretention composite media filler, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning zeolite, soaking zeolite in water for more than 48h, taking out zeolite after detecting that the concentration of pollutants in water does not rise after soaking, and drying;
s2: soaking the coconut coir without the coconut shell in water, draining the residual water when the volume of the coconut coir is expanded to 3-4 times, flushing the coconut coir while draining water, repeatedly cleaning for at least 3 times to remove salt, and drying in the air;
s3: stirring and mixing the zeolite obtained in the step S1 and the coconut coir obtained in the step S2 with coarse sand, fine sand and planting soil to obtain a bioretention composite medium filler;
the preparation method of the biological filtering filler comprises the following steps: cleaning the volcanic rock, soaking the volcanic rock in water for more than 48h, taking out the volcanic rock after detecting that the concentration of pollutants in the water does not rise after soaking, and airing.
According to another aspect of the invention, a graded biofiltration system is also provided, which comprises a volcanic rock layer formed by the biofiltration filler and a composite medium filler layer formed by the bioretention composite medium filler; the biological filter tank is used for filtering and biologically degrading the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage, and the biological retention tank is used for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after being treated by the biological filter tank;
the biological filtration tank comprises: a gravel water distribution layer for uniformly distributing introduced initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, a volcanic rock layer for performing coarse filtration and microorganism solidification on the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after uniform water distribution through the gravel water distribution layer to realize biodegradation, and a first water storage layer for retaining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after filtration through the volcanic rock layer to enable the biological filter tank to form a stable anoxic/anaerobic environment are sequentially distributed from bottom to top along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage;
the bioretention pond includes: the second water storage layer used for storing the initial rainwater overflowed by the first water storage layer and/or the combined overflow sewage, the covering layer used for preserving water for the composite medium packing layer and preventing the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage from directly impacting the composite medium packing layer, the composite medium packing layer used for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after passing through the covering layer and the gravel drainage layer used for quickly draining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after being treated by the composite medium packing layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage.
Furthermore, the thickness of the composite medium filler layer is 800 mm-1000 mm.
Furthermore, the thickness of the volcanic rock layer is 1500 mm-1800 mm.
Furthermore, volcanic rock layers adopt volcanic rock particles with non-single particle size, and the average particle size of the volcanic rock particles is 10-20 mm.
Further, the thickness of the gravel water distribution layer is 200 mm-300 mm; the thickness of the gravel drainage layer is 300 mm-400 mm.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the graded biofiltration medium comprises a biofiltration filler for primary treatment of initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage and a bioretention composite medium filler for secondary treatment, wherein the biofiltration filler comprises volcanic rock, and the bioretention composite medium filler comprises: zeolite, coarse sand, fine sand, planting soil and coconut coir. The biological filter filler adopts a volcanic filter material which is rich in mineral reserves, easy to mine, low in price, large in specific surface area, light in specific gravity, not easy to block, corrosion-resistant, high in film forming speed, good in mechanical strength and chemical stability as the biological filter filler, and has strong adaptability to CSO with different water qualities and water amounts. The invention utilizes the filling medium which is low in price, porous, large in specific surface area, strong in adsorbability and excellent in ion exchange performance and is required by zeolite development, and can improve the removal of ammonia nitrogen by a biological retention facility. The biological filtering filler for the first-stage treatment and the biological retention composite medium filler for the second-stage treatment can ensure the quality of effluent treated by the graded biological filtering medium and avoid the blockage of the biological retention composite medium filler caused by overhigh load.
The invention relates to a graded biofiltration medium, wherein a bioretention composite medium filler comprises zeolite, coarse sand, fine sand, planting soil and coconut coir. Coconut coir in the bioretention composite medium filler can expand to 3-4 times of the original volume after meeting water, the original volume can be restored after water transpiration, the porosity in the bioretention composite medium filler is changed due to expansion and contraction, aerobic and anaerobic processes are formed, nitrification and denitrification conditions are provided for biological nitrogen removal, and nitrogen in initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage can be generated into nitrogen for removal; and meanwhile, the coconut coir has good water absorption and water retention, so that the water retention effect of the bioretention composite medium filler is effectively improved, and a good environment is provided for the growth of plants. The coarse sand has the filtering and adsorbing effects, and can also enable the permeability of the bioretention composite medium filler to reach 150mm/h, and the permeability of soil is only 20 mm/h-30 mm/h generally. The framework formed by the silicon-aluminum oxide in the zeolite has a plurality of cavities with regular shapes and channels for connecting the cavities and the channels, has the characteristics of high porosity and large specific surface area, and has strong selective ion exchange capacity for ammonia nitrogen. The components in the bioretention composite medium filler are made of cheap raw materials, the components are mixed according to a ratio, coarse sand is used as a main framework, fine sand is used as a polymer, planting soil is used as a plant and microorganism growth organic matter maintenance body, coconut coir is used as a bridge to build the components to form a good environment for the growth of plants and microorganisms, and zeolite is used for removing ammonia nitrogen in an enhanced manner. The formed biological retention composite medium filler has good permeability, stable filtering performance, good adsorption capacity and good pollutant treatment effect, and is suitable for growth of plants and microorganisms due to proper organic matter content and good water retention.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a staged biofiltration system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1. a biological filtration tank; 2. a bioretention pond;
11. gravel water distribution layer; 12. a volcanic rock formation; 13. a first aquifer;
21. a second aquifer; 22. a cover layer; 23. a composite medium filler layer; 24. and (4) a gravel drainage layer.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a staged biofiltration system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The graded biofiltration media of the present embodiment comprises: the biological filter filler is used for carrying out primary treatment on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and the biological retention composite medium filler is used for carrying out secondary treatment on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after primary treatment, and the biological filter filler comprises volcanic rock; the bioretention composite media packing comprises: 3-10% of zeolite, 50-60% of coarse sand, 10-15% of fine sand, 20-25% of planting soil and 2-8% of coconut coir.
The graded biofiltration medium comprises a biofiltration filler for primary treatment of initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage and a bioretention composite medium filler for secondary treatment, wherein the biofiltration filler comprises volcanic rock, and the bioretention composite medium filler comprises: zeolite, coarse sand, fine sand, planting soil and coconut coir. The biological filter filler adopts a volcanic filter material which is rich in mineral reserves, easy to mine, low in price, large in specific surface area, light in specific gravity, not easy to block, corrosion-resistant, high in film forming speed, good in mechanical strength and chemical stability as the biological filter filler, and has strong adaptability to CSO with different water qualities and water amounts. The invention utilizes the filling medium which is low in price, porous, large in specific surface area, strong in adsorbability and excellent in ion exchange performance and is required by zeolite development, and can improve the removal of ammonia nitrogen by a biological retention facility. The biological filtering filler for the first-stage treatment and the biological retention composite medium filler for the second-stage treatment can ensure the quality of effluent treated by the graded biological filtering medium and avoid the blockage of the biological retention composite medium filler caused by overhigh load.
The invention relates to a graded biofiltration medium, wherein a bioretention composite medium filler comprises zeolite, coarse sand, fine sand, planting soil and coconut coir. Coconut coir in the bioretention composite medium filler can expand to 3-4 times of the original volume after meeting water, the original volume can be restored after water transpiration, the porosity in the bioretention composite medium filler is changed due to expansion and contraction, aerobic and anaerobic processes are formed, nitrification and denitrification conditions are provided for biological nitrogen removal, and nitrogen in initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage can be generated into nitrogen for removal; and meanwhile, the coconut coir has good water absorption and water retention, so that the water retention effect of the bioretention composite medium filler is effectively improved, and a good environment is provided for the growth of plants. The coarse sand has the filtering and adsorbing effects, and can also enable the permeability of the bioretention composite medium filler to reach 150mm/h, and the permeability of soil is only 20 mm/h-30 mm/h generally. The framework formed by the silicon-aluminum oxide in the zeolite has a plurality of cavities with regular shapes and channels for connecting the cavities and the channels, has the characteristics of high porosity and large specific surface area, and has strong selective ion exchange capacity for ammonia nitrogen. The components in the bioretention composite medium filler are made of cheap raw materials, the components are mixed according to a ratio, coarse sand is used as a main framework, fine sand is used as a polymer, planting soil is used as a plant and microorganism growth organic matter maintenance body, coconut coir is used as a bridge to build the components to form a good environment for the growth of plants and microorganisms, and zeolite is used for removing ammonia nitrogen in an enhanced manner. The formed biological retention composite medium filler has good permeability, stable filtering performance, good adsorption capacity and good pollutant treatment effect, and is suitable for growth of plants and microorganisms due to proper organic matter content and good water retention.
50% -60% of coarse sand, the coarse sand is used as the main framework of the biological retention composite medium filler, on one hand, the porosity of the biological retention composite medium filler is kept in a proper range, good water permeability of the biological retention composite medium filler is guaranteed, on the other hand, the biological retention composite medium filler has good filtering and adsorbing effects, and removal of pollutants is facilitated.
10-15% of fine sand, and the fine sand is adopted to ensure good polymerizability of each component particle in the composite medium filler.
20% -25% of planting soil, and by adopting the planting soil in the proportion, on one hand, the planting soil has good polymerizability with other component particles, and on the other hand, the planting soil can provide and maintain organic matters and nutrition suitable for growth of plants and microorganisms in the composite medium filler, so that an environment suitable for growth of plant roots and microorganisms is constructed.
2-8% of coconut coir, the coconut coir can expand to 3-4 times of the original volume after meeting water, the original volume can be restored after water transpiration, the coconut coir with the proportion of 2-8% is uniformly dispersed in the biological retention composite medium filler, the porosity in the biological retention composite medium filler is changed due to expansion and contraction, aerobic and anaerobic processes are formed, nitrification and denitrification conditions are provided for biological nitrogen removal, and nitrogen in initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage is generated into nitrogen for removal; and the coconut coir has good water absorption and water retention, effectively improves the water retention of the bioretention composite medium filler, and provides a good environment for the growth of plants.
2 to 8 percent of zeolite, and a framework consisting of silicon, aluminum and oxygen inside the zeolite is provided with a plurality of cavities with regular shapes and channels for connecting the cavities, so that the zeolite has the characteristics of high porosity and large specific surface area and has strong selective ion exchange capacity for ammonia nitrogen.
Through a large number of experiments, the components are subjected to synergistic interaction, so that the bioretention composite medium filler can remove initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage pollution, can retain water and fertilizer, ensures that nutrients are not released along with the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and has sufficient permeability. If the proportion is adjusted, the pollutant removal effect, the infiltration rate and the plant growth are all adversely affected.
In this example, the initial infiltration rate of the bioretention composite media filler is not less than 4.2X 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10-5m/s, pH of 5.5-6.5 and burning weight loss rate (LOI) of organic matters of 2.5-3.5 percent. The initial infiltration rate of the biological retention composite medium filler is more than or equal to 4.2 multiplied by 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10-5The permeability is good, the rain water can stably seep in the early stage, the treatment effect is stable, and the growth of plants and microorganisms can be facilitated. The pH value is 5.5-6.5, which is the optimum pH value range for the growth of plants with good effect of reducing common pollutants. The burning weight loss rate (LOI) of the organic matters is 2.5-3.5%, and the organic matters contained in the bioretention composite medium in the interval are most suitable for the growth of plants and microorganisms.
In the embodiment, the particle size of the zeolite is 2-4 mm, the average particle size of coarse sand is more than or equal to 0.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 3.1-3.7;the fine sand has an average particle size of 0.25-0.35 mm and a fineness modulus of 1.6-2.2; the permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content is more than 5%, pH value is 6-8, and cation exchange capacity is more than 5mep/100 g; the pH value of the coconut coir is 5.5-6.5, and the EC value conductivity of the coconut coir is 0.5-0.9.
In the embodiment, the volcanic rock has an average porosity of 0.3-0.4, a mud content of less than 0.4%, and a specific surface area of more than 9.5m2The dissolubility of hydrochloric acid is less than 3 percent per gram. The biological filter filler uses volcanic rock, has corrosion resistance and inertia, and does not participate in biochemical reaction of a biological film in the environment. The volcanic rock surface has positive charges, is beneficial to the fixation and growth of microorganisms, and has strong hydrophilicity, a large amount of attached biological films and high speed. As a biomembrane carrier, the volcanic biofiltration filler has no harm and inhibition effect on the immobilized microorganisms and does not influence the activity of the microorganisms. The volcanic rock has the advantages of large specific surface area, high aperture ratio, contribution to contact biofilm formation and growth of microorganisms, maintenance of more microorganism amount, contribution to mass transfer process of oxygen, nutrient substances and wastes generated by metabolism in the microbial metabolism process, low production cost, good use effect, no toxicity, no harm and long service life.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing the above-mentioned graded biofiltration media, a method for preparing a bioretention composite media filler, comprising the steps of:
s1: cleaning zeolite, soaking zeolite in water for more than 48h, taking out zeolite after detecting that the concentration of pollutants in water does not rise after soaking, and drying;
s2: soaking the coconut coir without the coconut shell in water, draining the residual water when the volume of the coconut coir is expanded to 3-4 times, flushing the coconut coir while draining water, repeatedly cleaning for at least 3 times to remove salt, and drying in the air;
s3: stirring and mixing the zeolite obtained in the step S1 and the coconut coir obtained in the step S2 with coarse sand, fine sand and planting soil to obtain a bioretention composite medium filler;
the preparation method of the biological filtering filler comprises the following steps: cleaning the volcanic rock, soaking the volcanic rock in water for more than 48h, taking out the volcanic rock after detecting that the concentration of pollutants in the water does not rise after soaking, and airing.
The preparation method of the graded biofiltration medium comprises the steps of cleaning zeolite, soaking, detecting the pollutant index of soaking water, removing coconut coir from coconut shells to avoid caking, ensuring that the coconut coir is fully mixed with other components, repeatedly cleaning and removing coconut coir salt, and avoiding influence on growth of plants and microorganisms due to high salinity. The average grain diameter of the coarse sand is more than or equal to 0.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 3.1-3.7. The fine sand has an average particle size of 0.25-0.35 mm and a fineness modulus of 1.6-2.2. The permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content more than 5%, pH value of 6-8, and cation exchange capacity more than 5mep/100 g. The corresponding performance index is reached by carrying out pretreatment on each component; and then the components are fully mixed to form the bioretention composite medium filler, so that the pollution of initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage can be removed, water and fertilizer can be preserved, nutrient substances are not released along with the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage, and the bioretention composite medium filler has enough permeability. Cleaning volcanic rock filled with the biofiltration filler, soaking, detecting pollutant indexes of soaking water, and airing.
As shown in fig. 1, according to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a graded biofiltration system comprising the volcanic rock layer 12 formed by the above-mentioned biofiltration filler and the composite media filler layer 23 formed by the bioretention composite media filler; a biological filter tank 1 for filtering and biologically degrading the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and a biological retention tank 2 for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitrating the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage treated by the biological filter tank 1;
the biological filtration tank 1 includes: a gravel water distribution layer 11 for uniformly distributing introduced initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, a volcanic rock layer 12 for coarsely filtering and solidifying microorganisms to realize biodegradation after the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage are uniformly distributed through the gravel water distribution layer 11, and a first water storage layer 13 for retaining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after being filtered through the volcanic rock layer 12 to enable the biological filter tank 1 to form a stable anoxic/anaerobic environment are sequentially distributed from bottom to top along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage;
the bioretention tank 2 includes: the second aquifer 21 for accumulating the initial rainwater overflowed by the first aquifer 13 and/or the combined overflow sewage, the covering layer 22 for retaining water for the composite medium packing layer 23 and preventing the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage from directly impacting the composite medium packing layer 23, the composite medium packing layer 23 for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after passing through the covering layer 22, and the gravel drainage layer 24 for rapidly draining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after passing through the composite medium packing layer 23 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a staged biofiltration system comprising a biofiltration tank 1 and a bioretention tank 2. The biological filter tank 1 comprises a gravel water distribution layer 11, a volcanic rock layer 12 and a first water storage layer 13 from bottom to top. The initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage are introduced into a gravel water distribution layer 11, the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage are uniformly distributed, coarse filtration and microorganism solidification are carried out on the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage through a volcanic rock layer 12 to realize biodegradation, and then the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage passes through a first water storage layer 13. The gravel water distribution layer 11 can realize uniform water distribution on the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage, so that pollutants in the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage can enter the volcanic rock layer 12 and then fully contact with the biological filter filler to be biodegraded so as to purify the sewage, and the sewage flows into the first water storage layer 13. Biological detention pond 2 is including from top to bottom including water-storage layer 21, overburden 22, composite medium packing layer 23 and gravel layer 24, the initial stage rainwater after 1 processing of biological filtration pond and/or confluence system overflow sewage are introduced in second water-storage layer 21, it keeps water for composite medium packing layer 23 to pass through overburden 22, filter through composite medium packing layer 23 again, denitrogenation, dephosphorization are handled, and, composite medium packing layer 3 has appropriate organic matter content, the suitable plant of better adsorption capacity and water retention and microorganism grow, rethread gravel layer 4 carries out quick discharge with the initial stage rainwater after purifying and/or confluence system overflow sewage. Above-mentioned initial stage rainwater and/or confluence system overflow sewage filter layer by layer through hierarchical biofiltration system, when guaranteeing that the high efficiency gets rid of the suspended solid, can not only ensure that composite medium packing layer 3 is difficult for blockking up to make composite medium packing layer 3 can more effectively exert the biodegradation and the dephosphorization denitrogenation to the pollutant, and then improve the pollutant and get rid of purifying effect, need not frequent change biological delay composite medium filler.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the composite dielectric filler layer 23 is 800mm to 1000 mm.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the volcanic rock layer 12 is 1500mm to 1800 mm.
In this embodiment, the volcanic rock layer 12 is formed of volcanic rock particles having a non-uniform particle size, and the average particle size of the volcanic rock particles is 10mm to 20 mm.
In the embodiment, the thickness of the gravel water distribution layer 11 is 200 mm-300 mm; the thickness of the gravel drainage layer 24 is 300mm to 400 mm.
In this embodiment, vegetation can be planted between the upper part of the composite medium filler layer 23 and the covering layer 22. The composite medium filler layer 23 has the functions of water retention and fertilizer retention, so that nutrient substances are not released along with initial rainwater, and the generation conditions of various landscape plants can be met.
Examples
Example 1
A graded biofiltration media comprising: the biological filter filler comprises volcanic rock, the average particle size of the volcanic rock is 15mm, the mud content is less than 0.4%, and the specific surface area is more than 9.5m2The dissolubility of hydrochloric acid is less than 3 percent; the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of zeolite, 54% of coarse sand, 13.5% of fine sand, 22.5% of planting soil, 5% of coconut husk and the initial infiltration rate of the bioretention composite medium filler is more than or equal to 4.2 multiplied by 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10-5m/s, pH 6.3, organic matter burning weight loss rate (LOI) 3.2%, and zeolite particle size 4 mm; the average particle diameter of the coarse sand is 0.8mm, and the fineness modulusIs 3.5; the average grain diameter of the fine sand is 0.3mm, and the fineness modulus is 2; the permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content is more than 5 percent, pH value is 7.1, and cation exchange capacity is more than 5mep/100 g; the pH value of the coconut coir is 5.5, and the EC value and the conductivity of the coconut coir are 0.6.
A method of making a graded biofiltration media comprising the steps of:
the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning zeolite, soaking the zeolite in water for more than 48h, and spreading the zeolite on the field to naturally dry the zeolite after the concentration of pollutants in the water does not rise according to the standard of the environmental quality of surface water (GB 3838) basic project indexes;
s2: soaking the coconut coir without the coconut shell in water, draining the residual water when the volume of the coconut coir is expanded to 3-4 times, flushing the coconut coir while draining, repeatedly cleaning for 3 times to remove salt, and drying in the air;
s3: and (4) stirring and mixing the zeolite obtained in the step S1 and the coconut coir obtained in the step S2 with coarse sand, fine sand and planting soil to obtain the biological retention composite medium filler.
The preparation method of the biological filtering filler comprises the following steps: cleaning the volcanic rock, soaking the volcanic rock in water for more than 48 hours, and spreading the volcanic rock on the field to naturally dry the volcanic rock after the concentration of pollutants in the water is not increased according to the basic project indexes of the environmental quality Standard of surface Water (GB 3838).
A staged biofiltration system comprising: a volcanic rock layer 12 formed by the biological filter filler and a composite medium filler layer 23 formed by the biological retention composite medium filler; a biological filter tank 1 for filtering and biologically degrading the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and a biological retention tank 2 for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitrating the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage treated by the biological filter tank 1; the biological filtration tank 1 includes: a 300mm gravel water distribution layer 11 for uniformly distributing introduced initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, a 1600mm volcanic rock layer 12 for roughly filtering and solidifying microorganisms to realize biodegradation after the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage are uniformly distributed on the gravel water distribution layer 11, and a 200mm first water storage layer 13 for retaining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after being filtered by the volcanic rock layer 12 to enable the biological filter tank 1 to form a stable anoxic/anaerobic environment are sequentially distributed from bottom to top along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage; the bioretention tank 2 includes: the 300mm second water storage layer 21 for storing the initial rainwater overflowed by the first water storage layer 13 and/or the combined overflow sewage, the 100mm covering layer 22 for retaining water for the composite medium packing layer 23 and preventing the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage from directly impacting the composite medium packing layer 23, the 800mm composite medium packing layer 23 for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage filtered by the covering layer 22, and the 400mm gravel drainage layer 24 for realizing rapid drainage of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage treated by the composite medium packing layer 23 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage.
Example 2
A graded biofiltration media comprising: the biological filter filler comprises volcanic rock, the average particle size of the volcanic rock is 13mm, the mud content is less than 0.4%, and the specific surface area is more than 9.5m2The dissolubility of hydrochloric acid is less than 3 percent; the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of zeolite, 54% of coarse sand, 13.5% of fine sand, 22.5% of planting soil, 5% of coconut husk and the initial infiltration rate of the bioretention composite medium filler is more than or equal to 4.2 multiplied by 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10-5m/s, pH 6.3, organic matter burning weight loss rate (LOI) 3.2%, and zeolite particle size 3 mm; the average grain diameter of the coarse sand is 0.8mm, and the fineness modulus is 3.5; the average grain diameter of the fine sand is 0.3mm, and the fineness modulus is 2; the permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content is more than 5 percent, pH value is 7.1, and cation exchange capacity is more than 5mep/100 g; the pH value of the coconut coir is 6, and the EC value and the conductivity of the coconut coir are 0.75.
The preparation method of the graded biofiltration medium was the same as in example 1.
The fractionated biofiltration system was the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A graded biofiltration media comprising: the biological filter filler comprises volcanic rock, the average particle size of the volcanic rock is 15mm, the mud content is less than 0.4%, and the specific surface area is more than 9.5m2The dissolubility of hydrochloric acid is less than 3 percent; the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 5% of zeolite, 54% of coarse sand, 13.5% of fine sand, 22.5% of planting soil, 5% of coconut husk and the initial infiltration rate of the bioretention composite medium filler is more than or equal to 4.2 multiplied by 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10-5m/s, pH 6.3, organic matter burning weight loss rate (LOI) 3.2%, and zeolite particle size 3 mm; the average grain diameter of the coarse sand is 0.8mm, and the fineness modulus is 3.5; the average grain diameter of the fine sand is 0.3mm, and the fineness modulus is 2; the permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content is more than 5 percent, pH value is 7.1, and cation exchange capacity is more than 5mep/100 g; the pH value of the coconut coir is 6.2, and the EC value and the conductivity of the coconut coir are 0.8.
The preparation method of the graded biofiltration medium was the same as in example 1.
The fractionated biofiltration system was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
The bioretention composite medium filler comprises 100% planting soil.
A bioretention tank comprising: the 300mm second water storage layer for storing the initial rainwater overflowed by the first water storage layer and/or the combined overflow sewage, the 100mm covering layer for preserving water and preventing the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage from directly impacting the composite medium packing layer, the 800mm composite medium packing layer for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after being filtered by the covering layer, and the 400mm gravel drainage layer for quickly draining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after being treated by the composite medium packing layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage.
Comparative example 2
The bioretention composite medium filler comprises 60% of coarse sand, 15% of fine sand and 25% of planting soil, and the bioretention pond is the same as the comparative example 1.
Comparative example 3
The biological retention composite medium filler comprises 58% of coarse sand, 14% of fine sand, 23% of planting soil and 5% of coconut coir, and the biological retention tank is the same as the comparative example 1.
Comparative example 4
The biological filtering filler comprises volcanic rock, the average grain diameter of the volcanic rock is 15mm, the mud content is less than 0.4%, the specific surface area is more than 9.5m2/g, and the hydrochloric acid solubility is less than 3%.
The preparation method of the biological filtering filler comprises the following steps: cleaning the volcanic rock, soaking the volcanic rock in water for more than 48 hours, and spreading the volcanic rock on the field to naturally dry the volcanic rock after the concentration of pollutants in the water is not increased according to the basic project indexes of the environmental quality Standard of surface Water (GB 3838).
A biofiltration tank comprising: the 300mm gravel water distribution layer for uniformly distributing the introduced initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, the 1600mm volcanic rock layer for roughly filtering and solidifying microorganisms to realize biodegradation after the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage is uniformly distributed on the gravel rock layer, and the 200mm first water storage layer for retaining the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after being filtered by the volcanic rock layer to enable the biological filter tank to form a stable anoxic/anaerobic environment are sequentially distributed from bottom to top along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage.
Comparative example 5
The biofiltration packing included 100% gravel and the biofiltration tank was the same as in comparative example 4.
Comparative example 6
The biofiltration filler comprises 100 percent of ceramsite, and the biofiltration tank is the same as the biofiltration tank in the comparative example 4.
Comparative example 7
The biofiltration packing comprised 100% zeolite and the biofiltration basin was the same as in comparative example 4.
Introducing CSO (I), CSO (II) and CSO (III) into the bioretention facilities of the above examples 1 to 3, introducing inlet water (I) into the bioretention facilities of the comparative examples 1 to 3, introducing CSO (IV) and CSO (V) into the biological filter tank of the comparative example 4, introducing inlet water (II) into the biological filter tank of the comparative examples 5 to 7, performing water quality detection on water which is not treated by the bioretention facilities or the biological filter tank and water which is treated by the bioretention facilities or the biological filter tank, and determining COD (chemical oxygen demand), SS (suspended solids), NH (NH) of the water quality3N (ammonia nitrogen), TN (total nitrogen), TP (total phosphorus).
TABLE 1 Water quality of CSO of the examples
Figure 758541DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
TABLE 2 Water quality conditions of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3
Figure 358238DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
TABLE 3 Water quality in comparative example 4
Figure 137975DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
TABLE 4 Water quality conditions of comparative examples 5, 6 and 7
Figure 595501DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
As is clear from tables 1, 2, 3 and 4, the COD, SS and NH of the bioretention facility of the present invention3The removal effects of N, TN and TP are obvious, while the bioretention facilities of comparative examples 1-3 have low removal rate of COD and TP and high removal rate of SS of comparative example 2, although the removal rate of SS of comparative example 1 is highThe removal rate of TN and TP is lower, the removal rate of each index of the biological filter tank of comparative example 4 is lower, the removal rate of each index of the biological filter tanks of comparative examples 5-7 is lower, and the filtering effect is poorer. Therefore, all indexes of the filtered water quality of the bioretention facility reach the standard, and the bioretention composite medium filler in the bioretention facility has proper organic matter content and good water retention property, and is suitable for the growth of plants and microorganisms.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A graded biofiltration media, characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps: a biological filtration filler for primary treatment of the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and a biological retention composite medium filler for secondary treatment of the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after the primary treatment,
the biological filtering filler comprises volcanic rock, the biological filtering filler forms volcanic rock layers, and initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage filtered by the volcanic rock layers are retained so that the biological filtering tank forms a first water storage layer in a stable anoxic/anaerobic environment;
the volcanic rock layer is used for carrying out coarse filtration and microorganism solidification on initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after the uniform water distribution of the gravel layer so as to realize biodegradation;
the volcanic rock layer adopts volcanic rock particles with non-single particle size, and the average particle size of the volcanic rock particles is 10-20 mm;
the volcanic rock has an average porosity of 0.3-0.4, a mud content of less than 0.4%, and a specific surface area of more than 9.5m2The dissolubility of hydrochloric acid is less than 3 percent;
volcanic rock is used as a biofilm carrier, volcanic rock biological filtration filler has no harm and inhibition effect on fixed microorganisms, does not influence the activity of the microorganisms, has large specific surface area and high aperture ratio, is beneficial to the contact film formation and growth of the microorganisms, keeps more microbial biomass, is beneficial to the mass transfer process of oxygen, nutrient substances and waste generated by metabolism in the microbial metabolism process, and has low production cost, good use effect, no toxicity, no harm and long service life;
the preparation method of the biological filtering filler comprises the following steps: cleaning the volcanic rock, soaking the volcanic rock in water for more than 48 hours, taking out the volcanic rock after detecting that the concentration of pollutants in the water does not rise after soaking, and airing;
the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% -10% of zeolite, 50% -60% of coarse sand, 10% -15% of fine sand, 20% -25% of planting soil and 2% -8% of coconut chaff, wherein the bioretention composite medium filler forms a composite medium filler layer, and the composite medium filler layer is used for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage after primary filtering and buffering by a covering layer;
the biological retention composite medium filler has the advantages that the formed biological retention composite medium filler has good permeability, stable filtering performance, good adsorption capacity and good pollutant treatment effect, and the organic matter content and the good water retention property are suitable for the growth of plants and microorganisms;
the initial infiltration rate of the bioretention composite medium filler is more than or equal to 4.2 multiplied by 10-5m/s, stable infiltration rate not less than 2.2X 10- 5m/s, pH of 5.5-6.5, and burning weight loss rate (LOI) of organic matters of 2.5% -3.5%;
the particle size of the zeolite is 2 mm-4 mm;
the average grain size of the coarse sand is more than or equal to 0.5mm, and the fineness modulus is 3.1-3.7;
the fine sand has an average particle size of 0.25-0.35 mm and a fineness modulus of 1.6-2.2;
the permeability of the planting soil is more than 3.5 multiplied by 10-6m/s, organic matter content is more than 5%, pH value is 6-8, and cation exchange capacity is more than 5mep/100 g;
the pH value of the coconut coir is 5.5-6.5, and the EC value (conductivity) of the coconut coir is 0.5-0.9;
the preparation method of the biological retention composite medium filler comprises the following steps:
s1: cleaning zeolite, soaking zeolite in water for more than 48h, taking out zeolite after detecting that the concentration of pollutants in water does not rise after soaking, and drying;
s2: soaking the coconut coir without the coconut shell in water, draining the residual water when the volume of the coconut coir is expanded to 3-4 times, flushing the coconut coir while draining water, repeatedly cleaning for at least 3 times to remove salt, and drying in the air;
s3: and (4) stirring and mixing the zeolite obtained in the step S1 and the coconut coir obtained in the step S2 with coarse sand, fine sand and planting soil to obtain the biological retention composite medium filler.
2. A staged biofiltration system, comprising: a composite media filler layer (23) formed of a biofiltration filler formed volcanic formation (12) and a bioretention composite media filler of claim 1;
the biological filter tank (1) is used for filtering and biologically degrading the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, and the biological retention tank (2) is used for filtering, dephosphorizing and denitriding the initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage treated by the biological filter tank (1);
the biological filtration tank (1) comprises: a gravel water distribution layer (11) for uniformly distributing introduced initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage, a volcanic rock layer (12) for coarsely filtering and solidifying microorganisms to realize biodegradation of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after uniform water distribution through the gravel layer, and a first water storage layer (13) for retaining the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after filtration through the volcanic rock layer (12) to enable the biological filter tank (1) to form a stable anoxic/anaerobic environment are sequentially distributed from bottom to top along the flowing direction of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage;
the bioretention tank (2) comprises: the composite medium type rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage drainage system comprises a first water storage layer (13), a second water storage layer (21), a covering layer (22), a composite medium packing layer (23) and a gravel drainage layer (24), wherein the second water storage layer (21) is used for storing initial rainwater and/or combined overflow sewage overflowed by the first water storage layer (13), the covering layer (22) is used for retaining water for the composite medium packing layer (23) and preventing the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage from directly impacting the composite medium packing layer (23), the composite medium packing layer (23) is used for filtering, removing phosphorus and removing nitrogen of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after primary filtering and buffering of the covering layer (22), and the gravel drainage layer (24) is used for realizing rapid drainage of the initial rainwater and/or the combined overflow sewage after treatment of the composite medium packing layer (.
3. The hierarchical biofiltration system as claimed in claim 2,
the thickness of the composite medium filler layer (23) is 800 mm-1000 mm.
4. The hierarchical biofiltration system as claimed in claim 2,
the thickness of the volcanic rock layer (12) is 1500 mm-1800 mm.
5. The hierarchical biofiltration system as claimed in claim 4,
the thickness of the gravel water distribution layer (11) is 200-300 mm;
the thickness of the gravel drainage layer (24) is 300-400 mm.
CN202110122372.1A 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system Active CN112499757B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110122372.1A CN112499757B (en) 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110122372.1A CN112499757B (en) 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112499757A CN112499757A (en) 2021-03-16
CN112499757B true CN112499757B (en) 2021-06-15

Family

ID=74952438

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110122372.1A Active CN112499757B (en) 2021-01-29 2021-01-29 Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112499757B (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102139957A (en) * 2011-02-23 2011-08-03 山东大学 Operation mode capable of efficiently and intensively denitrifying on vertical flow constructed wetland
CN204324990U (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-05-13 北京正和恒基滨水生态环境治理股份有限公司 Be applicable to the multi-stage biological filter tank-ecological pond purification system into lake landscape water body
CN107986585A (en) * 2018-01-11 2018-05-04 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 A kind of biology is detained storage pond

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101245865B1 (en) * 2012-02-10 2013-03-20 주식회사 유비이엔씨 Rotary type bio-retention equipment having hybrid ecological function for treating non-point pollutant of intersection
CN107010730B (en) * 2017-04-25 2019-07-05 昆山市建设工程质量检测中心 A kind of biology delaying basin filter layer filler and processing method
CN109183946A (en) * 2018-10-30 2019-01-11 西安公路研究院 A kind of sponge urban biology is detained facility and its construction method
CN109250821B (en) * 2018-11-19 2023-12-29 中国机械设备工程股份有限公司 Hierarchical biofiltration retention system
CN110235743A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-09-17 瓦地国际生态技术(北京)有限公司 Planting soil and its preparation method for rainwater storage osmosis type tree pond
CN110759483A (en) * 2019-11-22 2020-02-07 重庆市科学技术研究院 Biological area that is detained in sponge city
CN111977910B (en) * 2020-08-27 2022-10-14 重庆大学 Rainwater runoff treatment substrate and rainwater bioretention pool constructed by same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102139957A (en) * 2011-02-23 2011-08-03 山东大学 Operation mode capable of efficiently and intensively denitrifying on vertical flow constructed wetland
CN204324990U (en) * 2014-12-08 2015-05-13 北京正和恒基滨水生态环境治理股份有限公司 Be applicable to the multi-stage biological filter tank-ecological pond purification system into lake landscape water body
CN107986585A (en) * 2018-01-11 2018-05-04 星景生态环保科技（苏州）有限公司 A kind of biology is detained storage pond

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112499757A (en) 2021-03-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US12012711B2 (en) Ecological slope protection with efficient water purification function and ecological improvment method
US4415450A (en) Method for treating wastewater using microorganisms and vascular aquatic plants
CN107540094B (en) Constructed wetland sewage treatment system
Zhu et al. Roles of vegetation, flow type and filled depth on livestock wastewater treatment through multi-level mineralized refuse-based constructed wetlands
CN103265144A (en) Town wastewater treatment process and device with intensified nitrogen and phosphorus removing function
CN208292826U (en) More PROCESS COUPLING multistage artificial wet land systems
Jing et al. Practice of integrated system of biofilter and constructed wetland in highly polluted surface water treatment
CN214528587U (en) Rural domestic sewage treatment system of nitrogen and phosphorus removal integration
Khan et al. Sustainable post treatment options of anaerobic effluent
CN113264641A (en) Multistage ecological wetland high-efficiency purification system
CN209759238U (en) System for adopt combination technology to purify lake water
CN110746055A (en) River course normal position water purification and advanced wastewater treatment system
CN112499757B (en) Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system
CN112919631B (en) Graded biofiltration medium, preparation method thereof and graded biofiltration system
CN112047477B (en) Composite flow constructed wetland domestic sewage purification system
CN212356921U (en) Decentralized rural sewage treatment device
CN211813693U (en) Multistage anoxic-anaerobic-aerobic integrated composite artificial wetland
CN211078602U (en) Centralized domestic sewage treatment system
CN210103705U (en) Environment-friendly efficient composite domestic sewage treatment system for thermal power plant
CN214880941U (en) Hierarchical biological filter
KR200229765Y1 (en) Disposal plant of sewage and waste water contained bioceramic media for nitrogen and phosphorus
CN109368804B (en) Ecological clean system of constructed wetland
CN113443792A (en) Zero-energy-consumption sewage treatment system for multistage subsurface flow constructed wetland
CN108423949B (en) Multi-stage box type integrated biological bed combination device and use method thereof
CN110921999A (en) High-energy-saving sewage multi-layer percolation purification treatment method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant