KR20190114441A - Apparatus for water and stream purification using soil block - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sewage purification apparatus using soil blocks, which not only increases sewage treatment amount, but also can effectively remove BOD, nitrogen and phosphorous contained in sewage by optimizing an effective particle diameter and a moisture content of granite soil and hardness of the treatment soil layer as well as a composition for a treatment soil layer including the soil blocks, when constructing a purification apparatus for treating sewage by stacking the soil blocks in multi-stages. According to the present invention, the sewage purification apparatus includes: a treatment tank which provides a space for treating sewage by the soil blocks and a water passing layer; the soil blocks which are spaced apart from one another in a vertical direction stacked in a multi-stage form within the treatment tank; and the water passing layer which is disposed between the soil blocks of respective stages and between the soil blocks horizontally disposed in each stage. The soil blocks include: a soil block frame which provides a space having the treatment soil layer formed therein; a nonwoven fabric which performs a function of covering the treatment soil layer to prevent the treatment soil layer from being lost from the soil blocks and transferring sewage penetrating the treatment soil layer to the soil blocks or the water passing layer in the lower stage; and the treatment soil layer which purifies sewage wherein the treatment soil layer includes 75 to 80% of granite soil, 10 to 15% of leaf mold, 10 to 15% of charcoal and 5 to 10% of pumice with respect to the total volume of the treatment soil layer, and the granite soil has an effective particle diameter of 0.075 to 0.250 mm.

Description

Sewage purification apparatus using soil block {Apparatus for water and stream purification using soil block}

The present invention relates to a sewage purification apparatus using a soil block, and more particularly, in configuring a purification apparatus for treating sewage by stacking soil blocks in multiple stages, the effective particle diameter of Masato as well as the composition of the treated soil layer constituting the soil block. And it relates to a sewage purification apparatus using soil blocks that can effectively remove the BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage by optimizing the moisture content, the hardness of the treated soil layer.

Up to now, river maintenance centered on two-dimensions has led to the strengthening of rivers and damage to the river environment, which resulted in the reduction of the residence time of rivers, resulting in the loss of river self-cleaning capacity. On the other hand, due to the high quantity of river pollution and low pollution concentration, it is not economically practical to apply the water treatment method to the total amount of rivers. Thus, there is a growing demand for pro-natural water purification technologies that can restore rivers' natural purification capacity and maintain their own clean water quality.

Water purification technologies using contact oxidation facilities, artificial wetlands, artificial plant islands, etc. applied under such a background have advantages such as excellent biological removal efficiency and improvement of surrounding landscape by vegetation and microorganisms. The structure itself has a limit to collapse. To overcome these limitations, a nature-friendly water purification method that can consider watershed space including surface water, groundwater and land is required.

In view of this, the 'reflow type purification device for effluent treatment of sewage, lake water, sewage and wastewater treatment device and purification method using the same' described in Korean Patent No. 586496 may be formed by forming a stream of sewage at the site of the coriander or lake. It is expected to improve water quality by decomposing organic matter through soil filtration, adsorption and microbial metabolism, planting plants and removing nitrogen and phosphorus. However, in the above method, since the treatment capacity is absolutely dependent on the permeability coefficient of the soil layer, it is difficult to secure the treatment capacity when using soils having poor water permeability, and clogging phenomenon occurs during long-term operation. Has a difficult disadvantage.

In order to solve this problem, a multi-stage soil layer method has been developed and used. Looking at the multi-stage soil layer method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-154696, etc., it is basically based on the purification method using soil, but it is characterized by changing the flow of fluid by improving the structure. By stacking the soil layer in the target area and the reaction tank with a racking model, the water permeation layer is formed between the soil layers to improve the water permeability. In such a method, there is an advantage that the throughput can be increased by improving the water-permeability of the water-permeable layer.

In addition, Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2015-0091815 proposes a technique for constructing a soil block with soil, an absorbent, iron, and alumina, and removing nitrogen and phosphorus contained in sewage by stacking the soil block in multiple stages. .

As such, the water purification method using soil has been developed to increase the amount of treated water and to effectively remove various contaminants such as nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage.

However, in treating the sewage through the soil treatment tank in which the soil block is stacked in multiple stages, the composition of the material that constitutes the soil block in order to effectively remove contaminants such as BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus while treating sewage above a certain level. In addition, the effective particle diameter, water content, and soil block hardness should be considered.

Korean Patent No. 586496 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-154696 Korean Patent Publication No. 2015-0091815

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, in the construction of a purification apparatus for treating sewage by stacking the soil block in multiple stages, the effective particle diameter and water content of Masato, as well as the composition of the treated soil layer constituting the soil block, The purpose of the present invention is to increase the amount of sewage treatment by optimizing the hardness of the treated soil layer and to provide a sewage purification apparatus using soil blocks capable of effectively removing BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage.

Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a treatment tank for providing a space in which the sewage is treated by the soil block and the water passage layer; Soil blocks are stacked in a multi-step space spaced in the vertical direction in the treatment tank; And a water passage layer disposed between the soil blocks of each stage and between the soil blocks arranged horizontally at each stage, wherein the soil block comprises: a soil block frame for providing a space having a treated soil layer; It is composed of a non-woven fabric that serves to transfer the sewage that passes through the treated soil layer to the lower soil block or water passage layer while preventing the treated soil layer from being lost from the soil block by wrapping the soil layer, and the treated soil layer to purify the sewage. , The treated soil layer is made of a combination of masato 75 to 80%, coarse soil 10 to 15%, charcoal 10 to 15%, pumice 5 to 10% of the total treated soil layer volume, the effective particle diameter of the Masato is 0.075 ~ 0.2550mm It is characterized by.

The hardness of the treated soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the hardness tester. In addition, the moisture content of the said masato is 11-14%.

Sewage distribution pipes are provided for uniformly distributing sewage on or between the soil blocks at the top.

In addition, the sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention is a treatment tank for providing a space in which the sewage is treated by the soil block and the water passage layer; Tubular soil blocks stacked in a multi-step space spaced in the vertical direction in the treatment tank; A tubular water flow block disposed between the soil blocks of each stage and between the soil blocks arranged horizontally in each stage; And a water passage layer in a space between neighboring soil blocks or water passage blocks in a vertical direction, wherein the tubular soil block comprises a tubular nonwoven fabric and a treated soil layer provided in the nonwoven fabric. It is composed of a water-transmitting layer provided in the steel, the treated soil layer is made of a combination of masato 75 to 80%, hardwood 10 to 15%, charcoal 10 to 15%, pumice 5 to 10% of the total treated soil layer volume, The effective particle size of Masato is characterized by being 0.075 to 0.250 mm.

The hardness of the treated soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the hardness tester. Moreover, the moisture content of the said masato is 12 to 13%.

Sewage distribution pipes are provided for uniformly distributing sewage on or between the soil blocks at the top.

Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention has the following effects.

In constructing the soil layer of the soil block, it is possible to increase the amount of treated water by optimizing the composition of the soil layer, the effective particle size and water content of the masato, and the hardness of the soil layer, and effectively removing the BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the raw water. Can be.

1 is a block diagram of a sewage treatment apparatus using a soil block according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a block diagram of a sewage treatment apparatus using a soil block according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a test result showing the BOD removal amount of the device 1 and the device 2 over the period.
4 is an experimental result showing the SS removal amount of the device 1 and the device 2 according to the period.
5 is a test result showing the COD removal amount of the device 1 and device 2 over the period.
6 is an experimental result showing the total phosphorus (TP) removal amount of the device 1 and the device 2 according to the period.
7 is an experimental result showing the total nitrogen (TN) and NH ₄ removal ability of the device 1 over time.
8 is an experimental result showing the E. coli removal ability of the device 1 and device 2 over time.
9A to 9G are reference views for explaining a method of manufacturing a soil block and sewage treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
10 is the experimental results of the particle size distribution of the various soils.

The present invention proposes a technique related to a sewage treatment apparatus in which soil blocks are stacked in multiple stages. The present invention provides a technique that can effectively remove the BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus contained in the sewage while increasing the amount of sewage treatment by optimizing the soil block in configuring the sewage treatment apparatus.

Soil block according to the present invention is a certain amount of treated soil layer is blocked. Treatment amount of soil block and removal of BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus by soil block is determined by the composition of treated soil layer, the effective particle size and water content of Masato, the hardness of treated soil layer, and the present invention is the composition of treated soil layer, Masato We propose a soil block with optimized parameters such as effective particle diameter, water content, and hardness of treated soil layer.

The treated soil layer constituting the soil block according to the present invention comprises a masato, a side leaf, charcoal and pumice. Masato is a component constituting the parent of the treated soil layer, has the advantage of excellent water permeability and easy particle size management. The cotyledon provides food for soil microorganisms and provides soil microbial food. The defoliated soil is completely decomposed by soil microorganisms after 2 to 3 months, and the decomposed defoliated soil provides voids in the treated soil layer. Pumice serves to adjust the moisture in the treated soil layer. Pumice has abundant pores, when a large amount of moisture in the treated soil layer is stored in the pumice, a certain amount of moisture is stored in the pumice, the moisture stored in the pumice is dried to maintain a constant moisture in the treated soil layer. In addition, the function of pumice can avoid the phenomenon that Masato squeaks. Charcoal serves to provide water permeability and air permeability to the treated soil layer, and together with the functions of decolorization, deodorization and dephosphorization.

In constructing the treated soil layer with the above-mentioned masato, coarse soil, pumice, and charcoal, the treated soil layer at a ratio of 75 to 80% of masato, 10 to 15% of hardwood, 5 to 10% of pumice, and 10 to 15% of charcoal relative to the total volume of treated soil layer. Can be formulated. In the case of the subfoliated soil, less than 10% of the soil microorganisms have a small purification effect, and if it exceeds 15%, there is a risk of overlying pores formed by the subfoliated soil, so that the treated soil layer may settle. In the case of pumice, it is determined in consideration of the daily sewage treatment amount (L / m ² · day) per square meter of the treated soil layer, that is, the unit sewage treatment amount (L / m ² · day) of the treated soil layer. Pumice 5% corresponds to the lowest value of the unit sewage treatment, and Pumice 10% corresponds to the highest value of the unit sewage treatment. In the case of charcoal, less than 10% of the treated soil layer is lowered in water permeability and breathability, and decolorization, deodorization, dephosphorization does not proceed effectively, and if it exceeds 15%, economic efficiency is low.

On the other hand, in addition to the masato, flounder, charcoal and pumice, the local soil where the sewage treatment apparatus according to the present invention is installed may be included as one component of the treated soil layer, in which case the effective particle size of the local soil is within the effective particle size range of Masato. It must belong. The effective particle size of Masato will be described later.

In order to improve the amount of treated soil block and the removal of BOD, nitrogen and phosphorus by the soil block, the effective particle diameter, water content, and hardness of the treated soil layer should be optimized in addition to the composition of the treated soil layer as described above. Referring to the effective particle diameter and water content of the Masato according to the present invention, the hardness of the treated soil layer is as follows.

First, the effective particle size of Masato should be optimized.

In purifying sewage using soil, the main source of sewage purification is microorganisms, but the factors that determine the amount of sewage treatment are the particle size and porosity of the soil. The water permeability of the fluid through the soil gap is greatly influenced by the particle size distribution of the soil. The effective particle diameter (D ₁₀ ) of the soil is referred to as the particle size corresponding to 10% of the mass passing through the soil, the permeability coefficient of the soil is determined by the effective particle diameter (D ₁₀ ). To be exact, the water permeability coefficient is proportional to the square of the effective particle size (D ₁₀ ).

The effective particle size of Masato should be determined primarily in consideration of the water quality, planned throughput, and unit throughput of the treated water, together with the sewage purification system such as mixing conditions of the treated soil layer, stacked water of the soil block, and blockage of the soil block. It should be determined considering the design conditions. To this end, the applicant carried out the experiment under the conditions shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 below shows the experiments by applying various Masato effective particle sizes under the mixed soil condition, soil block material condition, soil block stacked water condition and various sewage conditions. In addition, Table 2 below shows the passing mass (%) according to the particle size of Masato. Referring to Table 2 and FIG. 10, it is preferable that the passing mass belongs to the 10% range, and the effective particle diameter of Masato corresponding to the passing mass (%) 10% range is 0.075 to 0.250 mm. Therefore, it is preferable that the optimum effective particle size of Masato be 0.075-0.250 mm.

<Experimental conditions for determining the effective particle size of Masato> № Experiment name term Number of treatment Unit throughput (㎥ / ㎡day) Effective particle size (mm) One Soil layer mixing experiment 2000.5-2000.8 River water 4..0 0.08 2 Empirical test 2000.12 ~ 2001.11 River water 8.0 0.15 3 Soil block material selection experiment 2001.9 ~ 2002.3 River water 8.0 0.16 4 Functional Tracking 2004.6-2004.10 River water 4-8 5 Soil Block Stacking Water Experiment 2003.4 ~ 2004.3 excretions 2-4 0.15 6 Advanced Treatment Experiment of Sewage Treatment Plant 2004.6-2006.5 Sewage treatment water 8.0 0.23 7 Demonstration Facility of Advanced Sewage Treatment Plant 2009.4 ~ 2011.7 Sewage 6.0 0.18 8 Advanced treatment facility for laundry wastewater 2016.11 ~ 2017.10 Laundry wastewater 6.5 0.20

<Passing mass (%) according to the particle size of Masato> Particle diameter (mm) Passing mass (%) 9.50 100.0 4.75 93.0 2.00 63.0 0.85 36.6 0.425 19.7 0.250 9.7 0.106 2.8 0.075 0.1 0.020 0.1 0.002 0.0

Next, the water content of Masato and the hardness of the treated soil layer according to the present invention are determined in consideration of the following matters.

Masato provided in the soil block of the present invention preferably has a water content of 11 to 14%. If the water content of Masato is less than 11% or more than 14%, Masato, flounder, pumice, and charcoal are not easily integrated.The water content of 11-14% enables the movement of sewage with the integration of the treated soil layer. The clearance in the treated soil layer can be secured.

In addition, the treated soil layer provided in the soil block according to the present invention requires a certain level of hardness. The hardness of the treated soil layer is obtained as a result of the compaction of the treated soil layer. That is, it is possible to impart hardness to the treated soil layer by compacting the treated soil layer with a predetermined strength in a state in which the treated soil layer is provided in the soil block.

When the compaction operation is not performed, that is, when the hardness of the treated soil layer is low, the settlement of the treated soil layer is caused by natural consolidation, and the settlement of the treated soil layer causes settlement of the whole sewage purification apparatus including the water passage layer. In addition, when the hardness of the treated soil layer is low, fine particles in the treated soil layer settle to the lower part of the soil gap, causing the blockage. On the other hand, when the compaction operation is excessively performed and the hardness of the treated soil layer is larger than the reference value, the voids are blocked, so that the permeability and air permeability deteriorate and water purification is not possible. In consideration of these points, it is preferable that the hardness of the treated soil layer according to the present invention is designed to be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the hardness tester.

The hardness of the treated soil layer can be measured using a soil hardness tester (山 中式 標準 型). The hardness tester used in the hardness measurement method using a soil hardness tester can use the hardness tester as shown in FIG. The hardness of the treated soil layer may be evaluated by inserting a 山 中式 경도 型 hardness meter as shown in FIG. 10 into the treated soil layer and then checking the scale of the treated soil layer infiltrated into the hardness meter. For reference, the hardness measurement method of the Yamanaka method using the hardness tester described above is a method widely used in the field of measuring the hardness of soil.

The soil block according to the present invention has been described above. Next, the sewage purification apparatus to which the soil block of the present invention is applied will be described. Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the present invention is divided into a first embodiment and a second embodiment according to the shape and arrangement of the soil block. In the first embodiment, the soil block has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and in the second embodiment, the soil block has a tubular shape.

Sewage purification apparatus using a soil block according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a treatment tank 110 as shown in FIG. The treatment tank 110 provides a space in which the soil block 120 and the water passage layer 130 are provided.

A plurality of soil blocks 120 in the treatment tank 110 is provided in a multi-stage form spaced apart in the vertical direction. In addition, a plurality of soil blocks 120 in the horizontal direction in each stage is provided. A water passage layer 130 is provided between the soil blocks 120 of each stage and between the soil blocks 120 arranged horizontally at each stage. The water passing layer 130 may be composed of pumice.

The soil block 120 is configured to include a soil block frame 121, a nonwoven fabric 122 and the treated soil layer 123. The soil block frame 121 forms a rectangular parallelepiped shape with an upper surface open, and provides a space in which the treated soil layer 123 is provided. The nonwoven fabric 122 surrounds the treated soil layer 123 and prevents the treated soil layer 123 from being lost from the soil block 120, and the sewage passing through the treated soil layer 123 is soil block 120 or It serves to deliver to the water transport layer (130). In the state in which the soil block frame 121 is prepared, the soil block 120 may be manufactured by providing the nonwoven fabric 122 in the soil block frame 121 and embedding the treated soil layer 123 on the nonwoven fabric 122. The manufacturing method of the soil block 120 and the installation method of the sewage treatment apparatus will be described later in detail.

In addition, the top of the soil block 120 is provided with a sewage distribution pipe 140 for uniformly distributing sewage, such sewage distribution pipe 140 may be disposed between the soil block 120 of each stage.

On the other hand, the treated soil layer 123 provided in the soil block frame 121 has the composition, effective particle diameter, hardness and moisture content as described above. Specifically, the treated soil layer 123 is made of 75 to 80% of masatos, 10 to 15% of coarse soil, 10 to 15% of charcoal, and 5 to 10% of pumice relative to the total volume of the treated soil layer. In addition, the effective particle diameter of masato constituting the treated soil layer 123 should satisfy 0.075 to 0.250mm, the hardness of the treated soil layer 123 is designed to be 11.0 to 15.0mm based on the hardness tester, and the water content of masato is 11-14. % Is preferred.

Next, the sewage purification apparatus using the soil block according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a treatment tank 210 as in the first embodiment (see FIG. 2). The treatment tank 210 provides a space in which the soil block 220, the water passage block 230, and the water passage layer 240 are provided.

While the soil block 220 of the first embodiment has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the soil block 220 of the second embodiment has a tubular shape. The tubular soil blocks 220 are spaced in the vertical direction and are repeatedly arranged in a multi-stage form, and in each stage, the plurality of soil blocks 220 are repeatedly arranged adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction.

In the horizontal arrangement of the stages, in the first embodiment, a plurality of soil blocks 220 may be spaced apart from each other, whereas in the second embodiment, the plurality of soil blocks 220 may be in contact with each other. In addition, in the horizontal arrangement of each stage, the water flow block 230 is provided in contact with the soil block 220. Therefore, in the horizontal arrangement of each stage, a plurality of soil blocks 220 are placed in contact with each other, such a plurality of soil block groups 220 are spaced apart, a plurality of soil blocks 220 group (群) Between the water block block 230 is provided in contact with the soil block 220 is provided. The water flow block 230 forms a tubular shape similar to the soil block 220. In addition, a water passage layer 240 is provided in the space between the adjacent soil block 220 or the water passage block 230 in the vertical direction.

On the other hand, the tubular soil block 220 is composed of a tubular nonwoven fabric 221 and the treated soil layer 222 provided in the nonwoven fabric 221. The water flow block 230 is composed of a PE steel 231 and a water passing layer 232 provided in the PE steel 231.

On the top soil block 220 is provided with a sewage distribution pipe 250 for uniformly distributing sewage as in the first embodiment, such a sewage distribution pipe 250 is also disposed between the soil block 220 of each stage Can be.

The treated soil layer 222 provided in the soil block 220 has the composition, effective particle diameter, hardness, and water content as described above. Specifically, the treated soil layer is made up of 75 to 80% of masatos, 10 to 15% of coarse soil, 10 to 15% of charcoal, and 5 to 10% of pumice to the total treated soil layer. In addition, the effective particle diameter of masato constituting the treated soil layer should satisfy 0.075 to 0.250 mm, the hardness of the treated soil layer is designed to be 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on the hardness tester, and the water content of masato is preferably 11 to 14%.

Next, the manufacturing method of the soil block according to the first embodiment of the present invention and the installation method of the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment are as follows.

The treated soil layer is prepared to manufacture the soil block according to the first embodiment. The treated soil layer is prepared by blending 75 to 80%, coarse soil 10 to 15%, charcoal 10 to 15%, and pumice 5 to 10% .Masato constituting the treated soil layer has an effective particle diameter of 0.075 to 0.250 mm and a water content of 11 to 14%. Satisfies the conditions.

Subsequently, a soil block frame is prepared (see FIG. 9A), a nonwoven fabric is provided inside the soil block frame, and a treated soil layer is embedded on the nonwoven fabric (see FIG. 9B). Then, a compaction operation is performed on the treated soil layer embedded in the soil block frame (see FIG. 9C) so that the hardness of the treated soil layer satisfies 11.0 to 15.0 mm (see FIG. 9D). Through such a process, the soil block according to the first embodiment is completed.

The installation method of the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment is as follows.

A support plate is installed at the bottom of the treatment tank of the sewage treatment apparatus (see FIG. 9E), and then a plurality of soil blocks are horizontally disposed on the support plate (see FIG. 9F). Subsequently, the water supply layer having a predetermined height is embedded to cover all of the plurality of soil blocks (see FIG. 9G). Then, the plurality of soil blocks are placed in the horizontal direction again on the water passage. The soil block arrangement and the water reclamation process are repeated to complete the sewage treatment apparatus in which the soil blocks are stacked in multiple stages. On the top of the soil block is installed a sewage distribution pipe to distribute the sewage uniformly (see Fig. 9h), such a sewage distribution pipe can be installed between the soil blocks of each stage.

The soil block and the sewage purification apparatus using the same have been described above. Next, the present invention will be described in more detail through experimental examples.

Experimental Example 1 Experimental Method

Raw water treatment was performed on the sewage purification apparatus according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention, and BOD removal ability, SS and COD removal ability, phosphorus and nitrogen removal ability, and E. coli removal ability were evaluated. In the following description, the sewage treatment apparatus according to the first embodiment used in the experiment will be referred to as 'device 1', and the sewage treatment apparatus according to the second embodiment will be referred to as 'device 2'.

The soil block of the apparatus 1 used a stainless steel frame as the soil block frame, and covered the treated soil layer with a nonwoven fabric. The soil block of device 1 was designed to have a size of W200 x L400 x H50mm. The overall size of device 1 was designed to be W1.30 x L0.80 x H2.00m. Pumice was placed between the blocks of soil as a water channel. Apparatus 2 filled the treated soil layer with a tubular nonwoven to complete the soil block. The soil block of device 2 was designed with a diameter of 60 mm x 800 mm. The overall size of the device 2 was designed as W1.30 x L0.80 x H2.00m, similar to the device 1, and the pumice was placed between the soil blocks as a water passage. The treated soil layers of Apparatus 1 and Apparatus 2 were all composed of a combination of masato, flounder, and charcoal. The total combination of device 1 and device 2 consisted of 60% pumice, 32% masato, 4% foliate and 4% charcoal.

Raw water was used as raw water having the properties of BOD 20.0mg / l, SS 10.0mg / l, TP 3.0mg / l, TN 18.3mg / l. The experimental period was from August 20 to December 16, 2017, and 200 m ³ / day of raw water was supplied to devices 1 and 2. Further, 7.0 L / m ² · min (4.2 L / m ³ · min) of air was continuously supplied to the apparatus 1 and the apparatus 2 for 24 hours.

Experimental Example 2: Processing Quantity

Running Devices 1 and 2 for 108 days resulted in an average throughput of 8.4m ³ / m ² / day for Device 1 and 7.6m ³ / m ² / day for Device 2. The amount of treatment by periods of devices 1 and 2 is shown in Table 3 below.

<Processing quantity by period of device 1 and device 2 (m ³ / m ² / day)> term Elapsed date Device 1 Device 2 8/27-9/13 17 7.55 7.42 9/18-10/16 50 8.70 8.82 10/21-11/11 76 10.10 8.65 11/11-11/14 Rest period 11/18-12/16 108 6.98 5.47 Average 8.4 7.6

Experimental Example 3 Water Quality Analysis of General Items

Water temperature, pH and ORP showed similar values for both raw and treated water. DO (Dissolved Oxygen) was higher than raw water, which means that the equipment 1 and 2 were continuously supplied with 7.0 l / m ² · min (4.2 l / m ³ · min) of air for 24 hours. It seems to be due.

Experimental Example 4 BOD Removability

Table 4 below shows the BOD removal capability of devices 1 and 2.

<BOD Removability of Device 1 and Device 2> Date of collection Load Raw water temperature Enemies BOD BOD of device 1 BOD on Device 2 m ³ / ㎡ · day ℃ Mg / l BOD Removal rate BOD Removal rate 9/4  7.5 29.6 15.2 0.54 96.45% 0.95 93.75% 9/11  7.5 28.8 38.65 0.56 98.55% 0.80 97.93% 9/19  8.5 24.6 14.20 1.13 92.04% 1.17 91.76% 9/23  8.5 26.5 11.15 0.45 95.96% 0.63 94.35% 10/1  8.5 26.0 13.20 1.45 89.02% 1.09 91.74% 10/7  8.5 24.2 25.55 1.55 93.93% 2.00 92.17% 10/14  8.5 25.4 18.05 0.82 95.46% 0.79 95.62% 10/21 10.0 22.7 22.0 1.37 93.77% 1.33 93.95% 10/29 10.0 21.9 11.6 0.61 94.72% 0.67 94.20% 11/4 10.0 18.0 24.2 1.16 95.20% 0.84 96.52% 11/11 10.0 17.8 17.5 1.37 92.15% 0.70 95.99% Average 19.2 1.00 94.79% 1.00 94.80% 11/18  7.0 13.5 33.6 4.83 85.60% 3.67 89.06% 11/25  7.0 15.5 26.7 5.78 78.35% 5.68 78.73% 12/2  7.0 14.4 28.2 6.64 76.45% 7.19 74.50% 12/10  7.0 9.5 20.0 7.50 62.50% 8.70 56.50% 12/16  7.0 13.5 27.3 6.3 77.00% 19.7 27.84%

Referring to Table 4 and FIG. 3, the device 1 and the device 2 showed stable BOD removal performance as a result of operating at a load of 7.5 m ³ / m 2 · day for the first three weeks. Thereafter, the load was increased to 8.55 m ³ / m 2 · day on 9/13, and the experiment was continued for about 5 weeks. As a result, the BOD removal ability was 2 mg / l or less, satisfying the target value (5 mg / l). Subsequently, the experiment was continued for 4 weeks by increasing the load to 10 m ³ / m 2 · day on day 10/16. As a result, the BOD removal ability was 2 mg / l or less, satisfying the target value (5 mg / l).

The relationship between the temperature of raw water and BOD removal capacity shows that the water quality load is 10 m ³ / ㎡ · day and the BOD concentration of raw water is 20mg under conditions where the temperature and water temperature are relatively high between summer and autumn, and the biological activity of soil is maintained. Even if it exceeds / l, the treated water satisfied BOD 5mg / l or less. In winter, when the water temperature was lower than 15 ° C, biological activity in the pretreatment tank was lowered, resulting in the BOD of the treated water exceeding the target value of 5 mg / l. However, even in this case, it is estimated that the BOD of the treated water can be adjusted to the target value if the BOD of the raw water is maintained at 20 mg / l. In addition, when the size of the sewage treatment apparatus is larger than those of the apparatus 1 and the apparatus 2, and is buried underground, the influence of the external temperature is small, it is expected that the BOD of the treated water can be adjusted to the target value even in winter.

On the other hand, looking at the relationship between the load amount and the BOD removal ability, it was confirmed that even if the load increased from 7.5 to 10m ³ / ㎡ · day BOD removal rate is maintained at 90% or more. After the load was set at 10 m ³ / ㎡ · day, by the end of November, 4 weeks had no significant effect on BOD removal ability and maintained stable water quality. In December, BOD removal ability began to decline, which is mainly due to the decrease in biological activity caused by low temperatures.

Experimental Example 5: SS and COD Removal Capability

4 is an experimental result showing the SS removal amount of the device 1 and the device 2 according to the period, Figure 5 is an experimental result showing the COD removal amount of the device 1 and device 2 over the period. Referring to Figure 4, SS (solids) of the raw water was removed more than 90% of the raw water SS of both devices by 11/11 days after operation, about 70% of the raw water SS in winter.

The COD _cr (chemical oxygen demand-potassium dichromate method) removal ability is as follows. Referring to FIG. 5, the COD _cr of raw water was about 30-40 / l in both the apparatus 1 and the apparatus 2, and the removal efficiency was low in winter (up to 64 mg / l) as in the BOD removal ability.

Loading and SS, COD _cr Looking at the relationship between Removal, as with BOD Removal of the loading exhibited a 10m ³ / ㎡ · day may increase stable SS Removal, COD _cr Removal Characteristics 7.5.

Experimental Example 6: Phosphorus Removal Capability

Table 5 below shows the total phosphorus (T-P) removal rates of the devices 1 and 2 according to the load, and FIG. 6 shows the total phosphorus (T-P) removal amounts of the devices 1 and 2 according to the period.

<Total phosphorus (T-P) removal rate of device 1 and device 2 according to the load amount> Processing quantity Enemies T-P T-P of device 1 treatment water T-P of device 2 treatment water m ³ / ㎡ Mg / l Mg / l Removal rate Mg / l Removal rate 7.5 2.92 2.49 14.90% 2.40 17.81% 8.5 3.26 2.86 12.50% 2.87 12.19% 10.0 2.71 2.66 1.85% 2.64 2.77% 7.0 2.99 2.84 5.02% 2.73 8.51%

Referring to Table 5, the total phosphorus (TP) removal rate was 10 to 20% when the load was less than 8.5 m ³ / m 2 · day, but the total phosphorus (TP) was hardly removed when the load was 10.0 m ³ / m 2 · day or more. In addition, referring to Figure 6, the load was increased to 10.0 m ³ / ㎡ · day from the 10/16 days, and after 4 weeks of treatment, the load was again reduced to 7 m ³ / ㎡ · day, but the phosphorus was hardly removed .

Experimental Example 7 Nitrogen Removal Capacity

Analysis was conducted on the nitrogen removal capacity of device 1. Table 6 below is an experimental result showing the nitrogen removal ability of the device 1, the nitrogen to be analyzed as the total nitrogen (TN), NH ₄ , NO _{3 It} was set. 7 is an experimental result showing the total nitrogen (TN) and NH ₄ removal capacity of the device 1 over time.

<Nitrogen Removal Capability of Device 1> Date of collection TN NH ₄ NO ₃ enemy Treated water enemy Treated water Removal rate enemy Treated water Removal rate 9/4 12.92 12.73 5.12 0.03 99.4% 7.2 12.7 1.76 9/11 16.32 14.28 1.76 0.07 96.0% 8.3 10.0 1.21 9/19 15.91 15.78 0.29 0.09 69.0% 8.1 8.9 1.10 9/23 14.96 13.87 1.12 0.06 94.6% 9.5 10.8 1.14 10/1 15.64 15.50 0.43 0.07 83.7% 10.7 11.6 1.08 10/7 17.54 16.32 0.92 0.13 85.9% 8.0 8.6 1.08 10/14 17.54 16.59 0.92 0.10 89.1% 13.6 13.8 1.01 10/21 16.32 16.86 0.81 0.11 86.4% 10.3 11.2 1.09 10/29 18.09 17.95 0.79 0.10 87.3% 10.8 11.9 1.10 11/4 18.09 15.37 1.37 0.19 86.1% 9.7 10.4 1.07 11/11 17.27 15.64 3.30 1.79 45.8% 10.2 11.4 1.12 11/18 17.68 15.78 5.68 0.76 86.6% 8.6 12.4 1.44 11/25 20.26 20.26 6.70 1.50 77.6% 8.4 11.5 1.37 12/2 24.21 19.99 14.90 1.30 91.3% 6.5 13.2 2.03 12/10 23.90 24.20 11.15 0.65 94.2% 6.2 15.0 2.42 12/16 26.70 25.30 11.30 0.11 99.0% 7.5 15.9 2.12 medium 18.33 17.28 4.16 0.44 89.4% 8.98 11.83 1.26

As a result of the nitrogen removal ability experiment for the device 1, referring to Table 6 and Figure 7, the ammonia nitrogen (NH ₄ -N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO ₂ -N) in the raw water is mostly nitrate nitrogen (NO _3- To N). Ammonia Nitrogen (NH ₄ -N) and the nitrite nitrogen (NO ₂ -N) is nitrate undergoes nitrification nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N) to (NO ₃ -N) in the raw water is a nitrogen (N ₂ ) to go through the denitrification, nitrification, but the reaction proceeds stably is confirmed in this experiment, the nitrate nitrogen (NO ₃ -N), nitrogen (N ₂₎ of nitrate nitrogen in the treated water to the denitrification is mimihayeo (NO ₃ of -N) was confirmed to be included in a large amount of the treated water. Accordingly, the total nitrogen (TN) of raw water and treated water showed similar values regardless of the load.

As shown in Table 6 and FIG. 7, the NH ₄ removal rate was 89.4%, which is very high. This is because DO of the treated water is more than 7mg / l, it is determined that the nitrification proceeded actively as the operating conditions of the apparatus 1 is a strong aerobic condition.

Meanwhile, in order to denitrate nitrogen nitrate (NO ₃ -N) to nitrogen (N ₂ ), a denitrification reaction by anaerobic microorganisms is required.For the denitrification reaction, the operating conditions of the apparatus 1 must achieve anaerobic conditions and a carbon source for denitrification. (Hydrogen donor) is required.

Until the middle of the experiment, the aerobic environment was established and the organic matter concentration in the raw water was low, so the conditions for denitrification were not satisfied. Thus, the nitrogen nitrate was maintained as it was, and the total nitrogen concentration was almost unchanged. In the second half of the experiment, in winter, 10-15% of total nitrogen was removed as the BOD of the raw water increased and the load increased to 10.0 m ³ / ㎡ · day due to the decrease in temperature and water temperature.

The reason for the partial denitrification in the second half of the experiment is estimated as follows. In winter, the BOD of raw water increases due to the decrease in water temperature, and the untreated BOD is used as a hydrogen donor for denitrification. In addition, it is determined that the internal portion of the apparatus 1 is converted into some anaerobic conditions as the load of the raw water is accumulated in the apparatus 1 and the load is increased.

Experimental Example 8: E. coli removal ability

8 is an experimental result showing the E. coli removal ability of the device 1 and the device 2 according to the period. Referring to FIG. 8, the coliform count of the raw water was 300 to 3600 / ml, but the coliform count of the treated water of the apparatus 1 and the apparatus 2 was 100 to 1000 / ml, meeting the effluent treatment criteria.

110: treatment tank 120: soil block
121: soil block frame 122: non-woven fabric
123: treated soil layer 130: water passage layer
140: sewage distribution pipe

Claims (8)

A treatment tank providing a space in which sewage is treated by the soil block and the water passage layer;
Soil blocks are stacked in a multi-step space spaced in the vertical direction in the treatment tank; And
And a water passage layer disposed between the soil blocks of each stage and the soil blocks disposed horizontally in each stage.
The soil block is a soil block frame providing a space provided with the treated soil layer, and the treated soil layer to prevent the treated soil layer is lost from the soil block and the sewage passing through the treated soil layer at the bottom of the soil block or water passage layer It comprises a non-woven fabric that serves to deliver to, and a treated soil layer to purify sewage,
The treated soil layer is made up of a combination of 75 to 80% of masatos, 10 to 15% of coarse soil, 10 to 15% of charcoal, and 5 to 10% of pumice, relative to the total treated soil layer.
The effective particle size of the Masato is sewage treatment apparatus, characterized in that 0.075 ~ 0.2550mm.
The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the treated soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on a Yamanaka hardness tester.
The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water content of the masato is 11 to 14%.
The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing sewage on or between the soil blocks at the top end.
A treatment tank providing a space in which sewage is treated by the soil block and the water passage layer;
Tubular soil blocks stacked in a multi-step space spaced in the vertical direction in the treatment tank;
A tubular water flow block disposed between the soil blocks of each stage and between the soil blocks arranged horizontally in each stage; And
The space between the adjacent soil block or water flow block in the vertical direction; made of, including;
The tubular soil block is composed of a tubular nonwoven fabric and a treated soil layer provided in the nonwoven fabric, and the water passage block is composed of a steel material and a water flow layer provided in the steel material,
The treated soil layer is made up of a combination of 75 to 80% of masatos, 10 to 15% of coarse soil, 10 to 15% of charcoal, and 5 to 10% of pumice, relative to the total treated soil layer.
The effective particle size of the Masato is sewage treatment apparatus, characterized in that 0.075 ~ 0.2550mm.
6. The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the hardness of the treated soil layer is 11.0 to 15.0 mm based on a Yamanaka hardness tester.
The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the water content of the masato is 11 to 14%.
The sewage treatment apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a sewage distribution pipe for uniformly distributing sewage on the soil block at the top or between the soil blocks at each stage.

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