KR20200104404A - Desulfurization and denitrification equipment with high denitrification efficiency - Google Patents

Abstract

As a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus having high efficiency denitrification, the adsorption tower (1), analysis tower (2), gas mixer (3), the first activated carbon conveyor (4), the second activated carbon conveyor (5) and the adsorption tower (1) It includes an activated carbon material container (AC), wherein the adsorption tower (1) is provided with a flue gas inlet (A) on one side and a flue gas outlet (B) on the other side; The first gas pipe L1 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon material container AC, and the second gas pipe L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is flue. An apparatus is provided in which a third gas pipe L3 connected to the gas inlet A and exiting the gas outlet of the activated carbon material container AC merges with the second gas pipe L2. The present application adopts activated carbon to pre-adsorb some of the ammonia; At the same time, in order to improve the denitration effect, a part of ammonia is re-injected into the middle part of the adsorption tower.

Description

Desulfurization and denitrification equipment with high denitrification efficiency

The present disclosure relates, in particular, to an exhaust gas purification apparatus using activated carbon suitable for air pollution treatment, and to the field of environmental protection, for an efficient denitrification and ammonia spraying apparatus for the purification of sintering fume.

This application claims priority to China Patent Application No. 201810305906.2 entitled "Desulfurization and denitrification apparatus with high denitrification efficiency" filed with the Chinese Intellectual Property Office on April 8, 2018, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. The whole is included for reference.

For industrial exhaust gases, in particular exhaust gases from sintering machines in the steel industry, it is ideal to use desulfurization and denitrification equipment and corresponding processes comprising activated carbon adsorption towers and desorption towers. In a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus comprising an activated carbon adsorption tower and a desorption tower (or regeneration tower), the activated carbon adsorption tower comprises sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and nitrogen oxides from sintering exhaust gas or exhaust gas (especially sintering exhaust gas generated in sintering machines in the steel industry) It is used to adsorb pollutants containing dioxins, and the desorption column is used for thermal regeneration of activated carbon.

Desulfurization by activated carbon has the advantage of achieving high desulfurization rate, simultaneously realizing denitrification, dioxin removal and dust removal, and no wastewater and residue, which is a very promising method for exhaust gas purification. Activated carbon can be regenerated at high temperatures. At temperatures above 350° C., contaminants such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and dioxins adsorbed on the activated carbon are rapidly desorbed or decomposed (sulfur dioxide is desorbed, nitrogen oxides and dioxins are decomposed). In addition, as the temperature increases, the regeneration rate of activated carbon is further accelerated, and the regeneration time is shortened. Preferably, the temperature for regeneration of activated carbon in the desorption column is controlled to approximately 430°C. Thus, the ideal desorption temperature (or regeneration temperature) is in the range of, for example, 390 to 450°C, more preferably 400 to 440°C.

A conventional desulfurization process using activated carbon is shown in FIG. 1. Exhaust gas is introduced into the adsorption tower by a booster fan, and a mixture gas of ammonia and air is injected into the inlet of the tower to improve NOx removal efficiency. The purified exhaust gas enters the main chimney for sintering and is discharged. Activated carbon is added to the adsorption tower at the top of the tower and moves downward under the action of gravity to the discharge device at the bottom of the tower. The activated carbon from the desorption tower is transferred to the adsorption tower by the second activated carbon conveyor. Activated carbon saturated with contaminants adsorbed in the adsorption tower is discharged from the bottom of the tower, and the discharged activated carbon is transferred to the desorption tower by the first activated carbon conveyor for activated carbon regeneration.

The function of the desorption tower is to desorb SO ₂ adsorbed by activated carbon. Dioxins can be decomposed by 80% or more during a stay for a certain time at temperatures above 400°C. Activated carbon can be reused after being cooled and sieved. The desorbed SO ₂ can be used to generate sulfuric acid and the like. After desorption, the activated carbon is transferred to the adsorption tower through a transfer device to adsorb SO ₂ and NOx again.

NOx and ammonia undergo SCR and SNCR reactions in adsorption towers and desorption towers to remove NOx. When passing through the adsorption tower, dust is adsorbed by activated carbon, the dust is filtered by a vibrating sieve at the bottom of the desorption tower, and the filtered activated carbon powder is sent to an ash bin.

In the prior art, according to the exhaust gas purification process using activated carbon, ammonia is directly injected into the exhaust gas inlet. To increase the denitration rate, the amount of ammonia sprayed into the exhaust gas inlet generally increases, but at the same time the ammonia escape from the outlet becomes more severe.

In addition, dust is adsorbed by activated carbon when passing through the adsorption tower, filtered by a vibrating sieve at the bottom of the desorption tower, and the filtered activated carbon powder is sent to the ash container, and the residual activated carbon on the sieve is of good quality for recycling. Is considered. Currently, the commonly used sieve is a sieve having a rectangular hole, and the side length a of the rectangular hole is determined according to the sieving requirements, and is generally about 1.2 mm. However, when sieved by this sieve, a substantially tablet-shaped activated carbon having a size of φ 9 mm × 1 mm will be considered of suitable quality. Tablet-shaped activated carbon has low abrasion resistance and compressive strength, and is prone to crumb after entering the exhaust gas purification system. On the one hand, the resistance in the exhaust gas purification system increases due to the large amount of powder in the activated carbon bed, which increases the operating cost of the system, and on the other hand, increases the risk of high temperature combustion of activated carbon. In addition, dust in the exhaust gas at the outlet mainly includes some fine particles originally included in the exhaust gas, and activated carbon powder newly entrained when the exhaust gas passes through the activated carbon bed, and a large amount of activated carbon bed powder is at the exhaust gas outlet. By increasing the dust, it will affect the surrounding environment and cause air pollution.

In addition, the activated carbon discharging apparatus in the prior art includes a round roller feeder and a feed rotary valve as shown in FIG. 8.

First of all, in the case of the round roller feeder, during the operation of the round roller feeder, the activated carbon moves downward under the control of the round roller feeder by the action of gravity. The different rotational speeds of the round roller feeder determine the moving speed of the activated carbon. The activated carbon discharged from the round roller feeder enters the feed rotary valve and is discharged, then enters the conveying device and is recycled. The main function of the feed rotary valve is to keep the adsorption tower sealed during discharge so that noxious gases in the adsorption tower do not leak into the air.

Since the exhaust gas contains a certain amount of water vapor and dust, a small amount of activated carbon will stick during the adsorption process as shown in FIG. 9 to form a block to block the discharge outlet. If the effluent outlet is severely blocked, the activated carbon cannot move continuously, which leads to the adsorption saturation of the activated carbon and loss of the purification effect, and the heat storage of the activated carbon increases the temperature of the activated carbon bed, which creates a potential great safety risk. The current processing method is to manually remove the block after shutting down the system. In addition, during the production process, the round roller feeder often suffers from defects such as material leaking out when the exhaust gas pressure changes and the inability to control the material during shutdown. In addition, the number of round roller feeders is large (even if only one fails, the entire large-scale device has to be shut down), it is expensive, maintenance and repair are difficult, which places certain restrictions on the development of activated carbon technology.

Second, in the case of the supply rotary valve in the prior art, the following problems exist. For the transport of fragile particles such as desulfurization and denitrification activated carbon, a rotary valve must be used to ensure the airtightness of the tower body on the one hand and to achieve non-destructive material transport on the other hand. However, as shown in FIG. 8, if the conveying medium is cut due to rotation of the blade during the rotary valve conveying process, the cost of operating the system will increase. Besides, the shear phenomenon wears the valve body, deteriorates the airtightness and shortens the service life. Particularly when the feed inlet is full of material, the shear effect by the blades of the conveying medium and the valve housing becomes more pronounced while the valve core is rotating. For large adsorption towers, typically about 20 meters high, if the round roller feeder or rotary valve fails during the production process, the adsorption tower will be filled with tons of activated carbon, which will cause great losses in the continuous operation of the process, manual removal and Maintenance or reinstallation is very difficult, and the impact and loss of shutdown can be beyond imagination.

In the present disclosure, in order to avoid excessive ammonia release, activated carbon is used to adsorb some ammonia in advance, and in order to improve the denitrification effect, a part of ammonia is sprayed on the middle part of the adsorption tower.

According to a first embodiment provided by the present disclosure, there is provided a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus comprising an adsorption tower, a desorption tower, a gas mixer, a first activated carbon conveyor, a second activated carbon conveyor, and an activated carbon container provided on the adsorption tower, At this time

One side of the adsorption tower is provided with an exhaust gas inlet, an upper part of the flue communicating with the exhaust gas inlet, a middle part of the flue, and a lower part of the flue, and the other side of the adsorption tower is provided with an exhaust gas outlet. Is provided,

A first gas pipeline from the gas outlet of the gas mixer is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon vessel (i.e. located in the middle or lower portion of the vessel), and a second gas pipe from the gas outlet of the gas mixer A line is connected to the middle part of the flue and optionally connected to the upper part of the flue (which may or may not be connected), and from the gas outlet of the activated carbon container (i.e. located in the middle or upper part of the container) A desulfurization and denitrification apparatus is provided in which a third gas pipeline of is joined with a second gas pipeline.

In general, the flue located downstream of the exhaust gas inlet is divided into three layers: the upper part of the flue, the middle part of the flue and the lower part of the flue. Accordingly, the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The spray point of the diluted ammonia in the flue is located in the middle of the flue (preferably the front end of the middle of the flue).

In the present application, "optionally" means that a part may or may not be included, or an operation may or may not be performed.

Generally, two rotary valves are arranged on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon container. Preferably, a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves for nitrogen sealing and exhaust gas leakage prevention.

Preferably, a first gas valve V is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline and a second gas valve V is provided at the front end of the second gas pipeline.

In general, the first activated carbon conveyor collects the activated carbon material discharged from the bottom of the adsorption tower and adsorbing the exhaust gas, and then transfers the activated carbon to the top of the desorption tower.

The second activated carbon conveyor collects the regenerated activated carbon discharged from the desorption tower, and then transfers the activated carbon to a top bin of the adsorption tower.

Typically, another nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower, and another nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves on the discharge pipeline below the desorption tower. To perform nitrogen sealing and exhaust gas leakage prevention.

In a gas mixer, ammonia is diluted with air to a concentration of NH ₃ <5% by volume, resulting in diluted ammonia. Diluted ammonia in the first path is conveyed through the first gas valve V and the first gas pipeline to a vessel located at the top of the adsorption tower, and the diluted ammonia is pre-adsorbed by the activated carbon in the vessel. Another route or second route of dilute ammonia is conveyed to the middle part of the flue, optionally through a second gas valve V and a second gas pipeline to the upper part of the flue. The mixed gas discharged from the activated carbon container is conveyed through a third gas pipeline, merged with another path or a second path of dilute ammonia and injected into the flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The spray point of the diluted ammonia is located in the middle of the flue. In order to prevent ammonia in the container from leaking to the conveyor, a double layer rotary valve is provided between the container and the conveyor, and a sealing gas (eg, nitrogen or inert gas) is introduced. After the activated carbon in the vessel adsorbs NH ₃ , the activated carbon is conveyed to the upper part of the adsorption tower under the action of gravity and contacts the exhaust gas to achieve desulfurization and denitrification; In the meantime, the ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually consumed by nitrogen oxides, but the activated carbon at this time still has a strong catalytic activity, so a part of the ammonia is added to the middle part of the flue at the inlet of the adsorption tower to improve the denitration effect. (The catalytic activity of activated carbon passing through the middle part of the adsorption tower is already very poor). In order to avoid wasting ammonia, it is not necessary to spray ammonia in the lower part of the flue.

In the above first embodiment, it is possible to avoid excessive ammonia release. Activated carbon is used to adsorb some ammonia in advance, and in order to improve the denitration effect, a part of the ammonia is sprayed on the middle part of the adsorption tower.

According to a second embodiment provided by the present disclosure, there is provided a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus comprising an adsorption tower, a desorption tower, a gas mixer, a first activated carbon conveyor, a second activated carbon conveyor, and an activated carbon container provided on the adsorption tower, wherein

One side of the adsorption tower is provided with an exhaust gas inlet, an upper part of the flue communicating with the exhaust gas inlet, a middle part of the flue, and a lower part of the flue, and an exhaust gas outlet is provided on the other side of the adsorption tower,

The desorption tower is provided with a nitrogen transfer pipeline, and the nitrogen transfer pipeline has four branches, namely, a first nitrogen branch, a second nitrogen branch, a third nitrogen branch, and a fourth nitrogen branch, wherein the first nitrogen The basin is connected to a lower cooling section of the desorption tower, the second nitrogen branch is connected to an upper heating section of the desorption tower, and the third nitrogen branch is a feed pipe above the desorption tower. Connected between two rotary valves on the line, the fourth nitrogen branch being connected between the two rotary valves on the discharge pipeline below the desorption tower;

The ammonia transfer pipeline is divided into two branches, that is, a first gas pipeline and a second gas pipeline, wherein the first gas pipeline is connected to the first nitrogen branch, and the second gas pipeline is The ammonia inlet of the mixer is connected, and a third gas pipeline from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer is connected to the middle part of the flue of the adsorption tower (preferably, the injection point of the ammonia is a front end of the middle part of the flue. end), a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus is provided.

In general, the upper heating section of the desorption tower has a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure, wherein the heating gas passes through the housing portion and the activated carbon passes through the pipeline portion. The lower cooling section is also a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure, in which case the cooling gas passes through the housing section and the activated carbon passes through the pipeline section.

The first nitrogen branch conveys nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the lower cooling section, and the second nitrogen branch conveys nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the upper heating section.

Generally, two rotary valves are arranged on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon vessel of the adsorption tower. Preferably, a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves for nitrogen sealing and exhaust gas leakage prevention.

Preferably, a first gas valve V is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline, and a second gas valve V is provided at the front end of the second gas pipeline.

In general, the first activated carbon conveyor collects the activated carbon material discharged from the bottom of the adsorption tower and adsorbing the exhaust gas, and then transfers the activated carbon to the top of the desorption tower.

The second activated carbon conveyor collects the recycled activated carbon discharged from the desorption tower, and then transfers the activated carbon to the top container of the adsorption tower.

The main function of injecting nitrogen into the desorption tower is to seal and use nitrogen as a carrier gas for SO ₂ . Typically, nitrogen is sprayed into the desorption tower in four branches, including the nitrogen basin in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower. Through the first gas valve and the first gas pipeline, a specific amount of ammonia is introduced into the nitrogen pipeline in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower, diluted with nitrogen, and then contacted with the cooled recycled activated carbon, by the activated carbon. Pre-adsorbed. In a gas mixer, another portion of the ammonia is diluted with air to a concentration of NH ₃ ≤ 5% by volume to become diluted ammonia, which is sprayed into the flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is similarly divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The spray point of the diluted ammonia is located in the middle of the flue. After the activated carbon in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower adsorbs NH ₃ , the activated carbon is transferred to the upper part of the adsorption tower and contacts the exhaust gas to achieve desulfurization and denitrification; During this time, the ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually consumed, but at this time the activated carbon still has a strong catalytic activity, so to increase the denitrification effect, diluted ammonia is added to the middle of the flue at the inlet of the adsorption tower (pass through the middle of the adsorption tower The catalytic activity of activated carbon is already very poor). In order to avoid wasting ammonia, it is not necessary to spray ammonia in the lower part of the flue.

In this second embodiment, it is possible to avoid excessive ammonia release. Activated carbon is used to adsorb some ammonia in advance in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower; In addition, in order to improve the denitration effect, part of the ammonia is also sprayed into the middle part of the adsorption tower.

Preferably, the adsorption tower has three activated carbon feed chambers, i.e. a first feed chamber, a second feed chamber and a third feed chamber along the flow direction of the exhaust gas. The first feed chamber (i.e., the front chamber) has a thickness of 90 mm to 350 mm (preferably 100 mm to 250 mm, or 110 mm to 230 mm, such as 120 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm or 220 mm), the second feed chamber (i.e., intermediate chamber ) Is a thickness of 360mm to 2000mm (preferably 380mm to 1800mm or 400mm to 1600mm, such as 450mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1200mm, 1500mm, 1700mm), the third feed chamber (i.e., rear chamber) is It has a thickness of 420mm to 2200mm (preferably 432mm to 2200mm, or 450mm to 2050mm, such as 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1000mm, 1100mm, 1400mm, 1600mm, 1800mm or 2000mm).

Preferably, a round roller for discharge is provided at the bottom of each feed chamber of the adsorption tower.

Preferably, the feed vessel or bottom vessel of the adsorption tower is provided with one or more rotary valves for discharge.

In all desulfurization and denitrification systems of the present disclosure, a vibrating sieve equipped with a sieve is generally provided at the bottom of the desorption tower, below the discharge outlet or downstream of the desorption tower.

In order to avoid retaining the tablet-shaped activated carbon on the sieve, a sieve with a rectangular mesh or strip mesh is designed in the present disclosure. The sieve may be installed on a vibrating sieve to sift activated carbon particles that meet the requirements of a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus.

Thus, preferably, a sieve with a rectangular mesh or strip mesh is provided, wherein the length L of the rectangular mesh is 3D or more and the width a of the rectangular mesh is 0.65h to 0.95h (preferably 0.7h to 0.9h, more preferably Preferably 0.73h to 0.85h), where D is the diameter of the circular cross section of the activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve, and h is the minimum length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve.

In particular, in order to overcome the technical problems occurring in the existing desulfurization and denitrification apparatus, it is necessary that the minimum length h of the activated carbon cylinder is generally 1.5 mm to 7 mm. For example h = 2mm, 4mm or 6mm.

D (or φ) depends on the specific requirements of the desulfurization and denitrification apparatus. In general, D (or φ) = 4.5 mm to 9.5 mm, preferably 5 mm to 9 mm, more preferably 5.5 mm to 8.5 mm, even more preferably 6 mm to 8 mm, such as 6.5 mm, 7 mm or 7.5 mm. .

Adsorption towers generally have two or more activated carbon feed chambers.

Preferably, a round roller feeder or a round roller for discharging (G) is provided at the base of each activated carbon feed chamber of the adsorption tower. As the round roller G for ejection described in the present specification, a round roller for ejection of the prior art may be used. However, it may be desirable to use a star-wheel type activated carbon ejection device G instead of a round roller feeder or round roller G for ejection, which is in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber. A front baffle and a rear baffle, and a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller positioned below the discharge outlet formed by the front and rear baffles in the lower portion of the activated carbon feed chamber. A star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller comprises a round roller and a plurality of blades distributed at the same angle or substantially the same angle along the circumference of the round roller. More specifically, a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller is used under the discharge outlet formed by the front and rear baffles in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber.

When viewed from the cross section of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller, the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller exhibits a star-wheel structure or shape.

The star-wheel type activated carbon discharge device is mainly composed of a front baffle and a rear baffle of the activated carbon discharge outlet, two side plates, a blade and a round roller. The front baffle and the rear baffle are fixedly arranged, and an activated carbon discharge passage, ie, an exhaust outlet, remains between the front baffle and the rear baffle. The discharge outlet is composed of a front baffle, a rear baffle and two side plates. The round rollers are arranged at the front baffle and the lower end of the rear baffle. The blades are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round roller. The round roller is driven by a motor to rotate, and the rotation direction is a direction going from the rear baffle to the front baffle. The included angle or spacing between adjacent blades should not be too large. The narrow angle θ between adjacent blades is generally less than 64°, for example 12° to 64°, preferably 15° to 60°, preferably 20° to 55°, more preferably 25° to It is designed to be 50°, even more preferably 30° to 45°. A distance or distance s is provided between the blade and the bottom end of the rear baffle. The s is generally 0.5mm to 5mm, preferably 0.7mm to 3mm, preferably 1mm to 2mm.

The profile radius of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (or the turning profile radius of the blade on the round roller) is r. r is the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller 106a + the width of the blade.

In general, the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller is 30 mm to 120 mm, preferably 50 mm to 100 mm, and the width of the blade is 40 mm to 130 mm, preferably 60 mm to 100 mm.

The distance between the center of the round roller and the lower end of the front baffle is h. h is generally greater than r + (12 to 30) mm and less than r/sin58°, which allows the activated carbon to exit smoothly and prevent the activated carbon from slipping by itself when the round roller is not moving.

In general, in the present application, the cross section of the discharge outlet of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge device is square or rectangular, preferably rectangular with a length longer than the width.

Preferably, the feed vessel or the bottom vessel H of the adsorption tower is provided with one or more rotary valves for discharge.

As the rotary valve described in the present specification, a conventional rotary valve may be used. However, preferably, a new type of rotary valve is used comprising an upper feed inlet, a valve core, a blade, a valve housing, a lower discharge outlet, a buffer zone in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve and a material-smoothing plate. . The buffer region is adjacent to the lower space of the feed inlet and communicates with the lower space, and the length of the cross section of the buffer region in the horizontal direction is longer than the length of the cross section of the feed inlet in the horizontal direction. The material-smoothing plate is disposed in the buffer area, the upper end of the material-smoothing plate is fixed to the top of the buffer area, and the cross section of the material-smoothing plate has a "V" shape in the horizontal direction. Have.

Preferably, the cross section of the upper feed inlet is rectangular and the cross section of the buffer zone is rectangular.

Preferably, the length of the cross section of the buffer region is less than the length of the cross section of the blade in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the material-smoothing plate is formed by splicing two single plates, or the material-smoothing plate is formed by bending one plate into two plate surfaces.

Preferably, the narrow angle between two single plates or two plate surfaces is 2α≦120°, preferably 2α≦90°. Therefore, α≤60°, preferably α≤45°.

Preferably, the narrow angle (Φ) between each single plate and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region or between the surface of each plate and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region is 30° or more, preferably 45° or more, and more preferably Φ Is equal to or greater than the friction angle of the activated carbon.

Preferably, the bottom of each of the two single plates or two plate surfaces is arc-shaped.

Preferably, the length of the centerline segment between the two single plates or the two plate surfaces is equal to or less than the width of the cross section of the buffer zone in the horizontal direction.

Obviously, α + Φ = 90°.

In general, in the present application, the cross section of the discharge outlet of the rotary valve is square or rectangular, preferably rectangular with a length longer than the width.

In general, the height of the main structure of the adsorption tower is 10m to 60m (meter), preferably 12m to 55m (meter), preferably 14m to 50m, preferably 16m to 45m, preferably 18m to 40m, preferably It is 20m to 35m, preferably 22m to 30m. The height of the main structure of the adsorption tower refers to the height from the inlet to the outlet of the adsorption tower (main structure). The height of the adsorption tower refers to the height from the outlet of the activated carbon discharge at the bottom of the adsorption tower to the inlet of the activated carbon at the top of the adsorption tower (ie, the height of the main structure of the tower).

The desorption tower or regeneration tower generally has a tower height of 8 m to 45 m, preferably 10 m to 40 m, more preferably 12 m to 35 m. The desorption tower generally has a main cross-sectional area of 6 m ² to 100 m ² , preferably 8 m ² to 50 m ² , more preferably 10 m ² to 30 m ² , even more preferably 15 m ² to 20 m ² .

Further, in the present application, the fume includes conventional industrial exhaust gas or industrial exhaust gas in a broad sense.

The thickness of the activated carbon chamber or material chamber refers to the distance or spacing between the two porous partition plates of the activated carbon chamber or material chamber.

The present disclosure has the following advantages or effects.

1. As activated carbon adsorbs a predetermined amount of ammonia in advance, the denitration effect is improved, and the denitration effect is increased by an excess of 40% based on the prior art.

2. Ammonia release is reduced.

3. A sieve with a rectangular mesh is used as a vibrating sieve to eliminate the bridging phenomenon of tablet-shaped activated carbon, and filter out tablet-shaped activated carbon with low abrasion resistance and compressive strength to prevent desulfurization and denitrification. It prevents dust from accumulating, which reduces the movement resistance of the activated carbon, reduces the risk of high temperature combustion of the activated carbon in the adsorption tower, and makes it possible to recycle the high-strength activated carbon in the device.

4. Special discharging device is adopted to reduce the discharging failure of activated carbon, greatly reducing the shutdown and maintenance frequency of the whole device.

1 schematically shows a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus and a corresponding process flow including an activated carbon adsorption tower and an activated carbon regeneration tower according to the prior art.
Figure 2 schematically shows a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus according to the invention and a corresponding process flow.
3 schematically shows another desulfurization and denitrification apparatus according to the present invention and a corresponding process flow.
4 is a schematic structural diagram of a sieve according to the prior art.
5 is a schematic structural diagram of a sieve according to the present invention.
6 is a schematic diagram of a tablet-shaped activated carbon.
7 is a schematic diagram of a strip-shaped activated carbon.
8 and 9 are schematic views of an activated carbon discharge device (round roller feeder) according to the prior art.
10 is a schematic diagram of a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge device according to the present invention.
11 is a schematic diagram of a rotary valve according to the present invention.
12 and 13 are schematic structural diagrams of a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 11. and
14 is a schematic structural diagram of a material-smoothing plate.
<Brief description of drawing symbols>
1: activated carbon adsorption tower, 101: upper part of the flue,
102: middle part of the year, 103: lower part of the year,
A: exhaust gas inlet, B: exhaust gas outlet,
AC: activated carbon container, 2: desorption tower,
201: heating zone (section), 202: cooling zone (section),
3: gas mixer, 4: first activated carbon conveyor,
5: second activated carbon conveyor, Sc: vibrating sieve,
V1: first gas valve, V2: second gas valve,
Vr: activated carbon rotary valve, L1: first gas pipeline,
L2: second gas pipeline, L3: third gas pipeline,
L4: nitrogen transfer pipeline, L4a: first nitrogen branch pipeline,
L4b: 2nd nitrogen branch pipeline, L4c: 3rd nitrogen branch pipeline,
L4d: fourth nitrogen branch pipeline, AC-c: activated carbon feed chamber,
H: feed vessel or bottom vessel, AC: activated carbon,
AC-1: activated carbon block (or aggregate), F: rotary valve,
G: Round roller feeder or star-wheel type activated carbon ejection device or star-wheel type activated carbon ejection roller,
G01: round roller, G02: blade,
AC-I: front baffle, AC-II: rear baffle,
h: the distance between the central axis of the round roller G01 and the lower end of the front baffle AC-I;
S: distance (gap) between the blade and the base of the rear baffle;
[theta]: angle between adjacent blades G02 on round roller G01;
r: the distance between the outer edge of the blade and the central axis of the round roller G01 (ie, the radius of the blade relative to the center of the round roller G01, referred to as the radius);
F: feed rotary valve, F01: valve core,
F02: blade, F03: valve housing,
F04: upper feed inlet, F05: lower discharge outlet,
F06: a buffer zone located in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve;
F07: material-smoothing plate
F0701: Two single plates or two plate surfaces of the material-smoothing plate F07
α: half of the angle between two single plates (F0701, F0702) or two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702);
Φ: the angle between each plate (F0701 or F0702) and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region (F06) or the angle between each plate surface (F0701 or F0702) and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region (F06);
L1: the length in the horizontal direction of the cross-section of the feed inlet F04;
L2: The length in the horizontal direction of the cross section of the material-smoothing plate F07.

The sintering exhaust gas to be treated in the above embodiments is the sintering machine exhaust gas from the steel industry.

As shown in FIG. 2, a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus is provided, which includes an adsorption tower 1, a desorption tower 2, a gas mixer 3, a first activated carbon conveyor 4, and a second activated carbon conveyor 5 And an activated carbon container (AC) provided on the adsorption tower (1), wherein

One side of the adsorption tower 1 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet A, an upper part 101 of the flue communicating with the exhaust gas inlet A, an intermediate part 102 and a lower part 103 of the flue, and the other An exhaust gas outlet (B) is provided on one side,

The first gas pipeline L1 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon vessel AC (i.e. located in the middle or lower portion of the vessel), and the gas mixer ( The second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of 3) is connected to the middle part 102 of the flue, optionally connected to the upper part 101 of the flue (which may or may not be connected), an activated carbon container The third gas pipeline L3 from the gas outlet of AC (i.e. located in the middle or upper part of the activated carbon vessel AC) merges with the second gas pipeline L2.

In general, the flue located downstream of the exhaust gas inlet is divided into three layers: the flue upper part 101, the flue middle part 102 and the flue lower part 103. Accordingly, the adsorption tower 1 is also divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The spray point of the diluted ammonia in the flue is located in the middle of the flue 102 (preferably the front end of the middle of the flue).

In the present application, "optionally" means that a part may or may not be included, or an operation may or may not be performed.

In general, two rotary valves Vr are disposed on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon container AC. Preferably, a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves Vr to seal nitrogen and prevent exhaust gas leakage.

Preferably, the first gas valve V1 is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline L1, and the second gas valve V2 is provided at the front end of the second gas pipeline L2.

In general, the first activated carbon conveyor 4 collects the activated carbon material discharged from the bottom of the adsorption tower 1 and adsorbing the exhaust gas, and then transfers the activated carbon to the top of the desorption tower.

The second activated carbon conveyor 5 collects the regenerated activated carbon discharged from the desorption tower 2, and then transfers the activated carbon to the upper container 3 of the adsorption tower 1.

In general, another nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2), and below the desorption tower (2) to seal nitrogen and prevent exhaust gas leakage. Another nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between two rotary valves (Vr) on the discharge pipeline of.

In the gas mixer 3, ammonia is diluted with air to a concentration of NH ₃ ≤ 5% by volume and becomes diluted ammonia. The first path of the diluted ammonia is conveyed through the first gas valve V1 and the first gas pipeline L1 to a vessel located at the top of the adsorption tower, and the diluted ammonia is pre-adsorbed by the activated carbon in the vessel. Another route or a second route of dilute ammonia is conveyed to the flue middle portion 102 and optionally via a second gas valve V2 and a second gas pipeline L2 to the flue upper portion 101. The mixed gas discharged from the activated carbon container AC is conveyed through the third gas pipeline L3 and merged with another path or the second path of the diluted ammonia and injected into the flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is similarly divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The spray point of the diluted ammonia is located in the middle of the flue. In order to prevent the ammonia in the container from leaking to the conveyor, a double-layer rotary valve Vr is provided between the container and the conveyor, and a sealing gas (eg nitrogen or inert gas) is introduced. After the activated carbon in the vessel adsorbs NH ₃ , the activated carbon is conveyed to the upper part of the adsorption tower under the action of gravity and contacts the exhaust gas to achieve desulfurization and denitrification; In the meantime, ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually consumed by nitrogen oxides, but the activated carbon at this time still has a strong catalytic activity, so in order to improve the denitration effect, a part of the ammonia is added to the middle of the flue of the inlet of the adsorption tower. (The catalytic activity of the activated carbon passing through the middle part of the adsorption tower is already very poor). In order to avoid wasting ammonia, it is not necessary to spray ammonia in the lower part of the flue.

In the above first embodiment, it is possible to avoid excessive ammonia release. Activated carbon is used to adsorb ammonia in advance, and in order to improve the denitrification effect, a part of ammonia is sprayed on the middle part of the adsorption tower.

3, another desulfurization and denitrification device is provided, which is an adsorption tower 1, a desorption tower 2, a gas mixer 3, a first activated carbon conveyor 4, a second activated carbon conveyor ( 5) and an activated carbon container (AC) provided on the adsorption tower (1), wherein

One side of the adsorption tower 1 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet A, an upper part 101 of the flue communicating with the exhaust gas inlet A, an intermediate part 102 and a lower part 103 of the flue, and the other An exhaust gas outlet (B) is provided on one side,

The desorption tower 2 is provided with a nitrogen transfer pipeline (L4), and the nitrogen transfer pipeline (L4) has four branches, namely, a first nitrogen branch (L4a), a second nitrogen branch (L4b), and a third nitrogen branch. (L4c) and a fourth nitrogen branch (L4d), the first nitrogen branch (L4a) is connected to the lower cooling section 202 of the desorption tower (2), the second nitrogen branch (L4b) is the desorption tower (2) ) To the upper heating section 201, the third nitrogen branch L4c is connected between the two rotary valves Vr on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower 2, and the fourth nitrogen branch L4d ) Is connected between two rotary valves Vr on the discharge pipeline under the desorption tower 2.

The ammonia transfer pipeline is divided into two branches, namely, a first gas pipeline L1 and a second gas pipeline L2, and the first gas pipeline L1 is connected to the first nitrogen branch L4a, The second gas pipeline L2 is connected to the ammonia inlet of the gas mixer 3, and the third gas pipeline L3 from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the middle part of the flue of the adsorption tower 1 ( 102) (preferably, the spray point of ammonia is located at the front end of the middle part of the flue).

In general, the upper heating section 201 of the desorption tower 2 has a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure, in which heating gas passes through the housing portion and activated carbon passes through the pipeline portion. The lower cooling section 202 is also a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure, in which cooling gas passes through the housing portion and activated carbon passes through the pipeline portion.

The first nitrogen branch L4a transfers nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the lower cooling section 202, and the second nitrogen branch L4b transfers nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the upper heating section 201.

In general, two rotary valves Vr are disposed on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon container AC of the adsorption tower 1. Preferably, the nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves Vr for nitrogen sealing and exhaust gas leakage prevention.

Preferably, the first gas valve V1 is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline L1, and the second gas valve V2 is provided at the front end of the second gas pipeline L2.

In general, the first activated carbon conveyor 4 collects the activated carbon material discharged from the bottom of the adsorption tower 1 and adsorbing the exhaust gas, and then transfers the activated carbon to the top of the desorption tower.

The second activated carbon conveyor 5 collects the regenerated activated carbon discharged from the desorption tower 2, and then transfers the activated carbon to the upper container 3 of the adsorption tower 1.

The main function of injecting nitrogen into the desorption tower 2 is to seal and use nitrogen as a carrier gas for SO ₂ . In general, nitrogen is sprayed into the desorption tower from four branches (L4a, L4b, L4c and L4d) including the nitrogen basin (L4a) in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower. A certain amount of ammonia enters the nitrogen pipeline L4a in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower through the first gas valve and the first gas pipeline, is diluted with nitrogen, and then contacts the cooled recycled activated carbon, and activated carbon Is pre-adsorbed by In the gas mixer 3, the other part of the ammonia is diluted with air to a concentration of NH ₃ ≤ 5% by volume and becomes diluted ammonia, which is injected into the flue. The flue is divided into three layers, and the adsorption tower is similarly divided into an upper part, a middle part and a lower part. The spray point of the diluted ammonia is located in the middle of the flue. After the activated carbon in the lower part of the cooling section of the desorption tower adsorbs NH ₃ , the activated carbon is transferred to the upper part of the adsorption tower and contacts the exhaust gas to achieve desulfurization and denitrification; During this time, the ammonia adsorbed by the activated carbon is gradually consumed, but at this time, the activated carbon still has a strong catalytic activity, so to improve the denitrification effect, the diluted ammonia is added to the middle of the flue at the inlet of the adsorption tower. The catalytic activity of activated carbon passing through the part is already very poor). In order to avoid wasting ammonia, it is not necessary to spray ammonia in the lower part of the flue.

In all desulfurization and denitrification systems of the present disclosure, a vibrating sieve equipped with a sieve is generally provided at the bottom of the desorption tower below the discharge outlet or downstream of the desorption tower.

In order to avoid retaining the tablet-shaped activated carbon on the sieve, a sieve with a rectangular mesh or strip mesh is designed in the present disclosure. The sieve is installed on a vibrating sieve, and activated carbon particles satisfying the requirements of a desulfurization and denitrification apparatus can be sieved.

Therefore, preferably, a sieve with a rectangular mesh or strip mesh is provided, wherein the length L≥3D of the rectangular mesh and the width a=0.65h to 0.99h of the rectangular mesh (preferably 0.7h to 0.9h, more preferably Is preferably from 0.73h to 0.85h), where D is the diameter of the circular section of the activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve, and h is the minimum length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve.

In particular, in order to overcome the technical problems occurring in the existing desulfurization and denitrification apparatus, it is necessary that the minimum length H of the activated carbon cylinder is generally 1.5mm to 7mm. For example h = 2, 4 or 6 mm.

D (or φ) depends on the specific requirements of the desulfurization and denitrification apparatus. In general, D (or φ) is 4.5mm to 9.5mm, preferably 5mm to 9mm, more preferably 5.5mm to 8.5mm, even more preferably 6mm to 8mm, such as 6.5mm, 7mm or 7.5mm. .

Embodiment A

As shown in Fig. 5, when the size (retention size of the sieve) of the final activated carbon to be recycled in the desulfurization and denitrification apparatus is required to be φ9mm (diameter, D) x 6mm (length, h), the sieve is a vibrating sieve (3 ) Is designed to be used as a monolayer body. The width (A) and length (L) of the rectangular mesh are 5 mm (width a) x 27 mm (length L). D is the diameter of the circular section of the activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve, and h is the minimum length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve. a = 0.833h.

Embodiment B

As shown in Fig. 5, when the size (retention size of the sieve) of the final activated carbon to be recycled in the desulfurization and denitrification device is required to be φ9mm (diameter, D) x 4mm (length, h), the sieve is a vibrating sieve (3 ) Is designed to be used as a monolayer body. The width (A) and length (L) of the rectangular mesh are 3 mm (width a) x 27 mm (length L). D is the diameter of the circular section of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve. a = 0.75 h. These mesh size sieves are used to hold medium sized activated carbon.

Embodiment C

As shown in Figure 5, when the size of the final activated carbon to be recycled in the desulfurization and denitrification device (retention size of the sieve) is required to be φ5mm (diameter, D) x 2mm (average length), the sieve is a vibrating sieve (3) It is designed to be used as a monolayer body. The width (A) and length (L) of the rectangular mesh are 1.6 mm (width a) x 16 mm (length L). D is the diameter of the circular section of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve. a = 0.75 h.

Adsorption towers generally have two or more activated carbon feed chambers.

Preferably, a round roller feeder or a round roller for discharge (G) is provided at the base of each activated carbon feed chamber (AC-c) of the adsorption tower. In general, the adsorption tower has at least two activated carbon feed chambers AC-c.

As the round roller feeder or ejection round roller G described in the present specification, a round roller feeder or ejection round roller G in the prior art as shown in Figs. 8 and 9 may be used. However, preferably, instead of the round roller feeder or the round roller G for discharging, a star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device G as shown in Fig. 10 can be used. The new star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device (G) includes a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber, and the front baffle (AC-II) in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber. And a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) located below the discharge outlet formed by the baffle (AC-I) and the rear baffle (AC-II). The star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller G comprises a round roller G01 and a plurality of blades G02 distributed at the same angle or substantially the same angle along the circumference of the round roller. More specifically, the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) is used under the discharge outlet formed by the front baffle (AC-I) and rear baffle (AC-II) at the bottom of the activated carbon feed chamber. That is, the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) is mounted at the base of each material chamber under the activated carbon bed (A), or the front baffle (AC-I) under the activated carbon feed chamber and It is mounted below the discharge outlet formed by the rear baffle (AC-II).

When viewed from the cross section of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller G, the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller exhibits a star-wheel structure or shape.

Further, the above new star-wheel type activated carbon discharge device may be referred to as a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G), or the two may be used interchangeably.

The star-wheel type activated carbon discharge device is mainly composed of a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) of the activated carbon discharge outlet, two side plates, a blade (G02), and a round roller (G01). The front baffle and the rear baffle are fixedly arranged, and an activated carbon discharge passage, that is, an exhaust outlet, remains between the front baffle and the rear baffle. The discharge outlet is composed of a front baffle (AC-I), a rear baffle (AC-II) and two side plates. The round roller is disposed at the lower ends of the front baffle AC-I and the rear baffle AC-II. The blade G02 is uniformly distributed and fixed on the round roller G01. The round roller G01 is driven by a motor to rotate, and the rotation direction is a direction going from the rear baffle AC-II to the front baffle AC-I. The narrow angle or gap between adjacent blades (G02) should not be too large. The narrow angle (θ) between adjacent blades is generally less than 64°, for example 12° to 64°, preferably 15° to 60°, preferably 20° to 55°, more preferably 25° to 50 °, even more preferably 30 ° to 45 °. A predetermined spacing or distance s is provided between the blade and the lower end of the rear baffle. The s is generally 0.5mm to 5mm, preferably 0.7mm to 3mm, preferably 1mm to 2mm.

The profile radius of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller G (or the radius of the turning profile of the blade on the round roller) is r. r is equal to the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 plus the width of the blade G02.

In general, the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 is 30 mm to 120 mm, and the width of the blade G02 is 40 mm to 130 mm.

The distance between the center of the round roller and the lower end of the front baffle is h. h is generally greater than r + (12 to 30) mm and less than r/sin58°, which can prevent the activated carbon from slipping on its own when the activated carbon is discharged smoothly and the round roller is not moving.

Generally, in the present application, the cross section of the discharge outlet of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge device is square or rectangular, preferably a rectangle longer than the width.

Preferably, the feed vessel or bottom vessel 107 of the adsorption tower is provided with at least one discharge rotary valve (F).

As the rotary valve F described herein, as shown in FIG. 8, a rotary valve in the prior art may be used. However, preferably, a new type of rotary valve F is used as shown in FIGS. 11 to 14. The new type of rotary valve (F) is in the upper space of the upper feed inlet (F04), valve core (F01), blade (F02), valve housing (F03), lower discharge outlet (F05), and inner cavity of the valve. A buffer zone F06, and a material-smoothing plate F07. The buffer region F06 is adjacent to the lower space of the feed inlet F04 and communicates with the lower space, and the length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 in the horizontal direction is that of the feed inlet F04 in the horizontal direction. It is longer than the length of the section. The material-smoothing plate is disposed in the buffer area F06, the upper end of the material-smooth plate F07 is fixed to the top of the buffer area F06, and the material-smooth plate F07 The cross section of has a "V" shape in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the cross section of the upper feed inlet F04 is rectangular and the cross section of the buffer zone F06 is rectangular.

It is preferable that the length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade F02 in the horizontal direction.

Preferably, the material-smoothing plate (F07) is formed by splicing two single plates (F0701, F0702), or the material-smoothing plate (F07) is one plate to two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702). It is formed by bending it.

Preferably, the narrow angle between two single plates F0701, F0702 or two plate surfaces F0701, F0702 is 2α≦120°, preferably 2α≦90°. Therefore, α≤60°, preferably α≤45°.

Preferably, the narrow angle between each single plate (F0701, F0702) and the longitudinal direction of the buffer zone (F06), or between each plate surface (F0701, F0702) and the length direction of the buffer zone (F06) (Φ) Is Φ≥30°, preferably Φ≥45°, and more preferably Φ is equal to or greater than the friction angle of the activated carbon.

Preferably, the base of each of the two single plates F0701 and F0702 or the two plate surfaces F0701 and F0702 has an arc shape.

Preferably, the length of the centerline segment between the two single plates F0701 and F0702 or the two plate surfaces F0701 and F0702 is equal to or less than the width of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 in the horizontal direction.

Obviously, α + Φ = 90°.

In general, in the present application, the cross section of the discharge outlet F05 of the new type of rotary valve F is square or rectangular, preferably rectangular with a length longer than the width.

First Embodiment

Desulfurization including an adsorption tower (1), a desorption tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first activated carbon conveyor (4), a second activated carbon conveyor (5), and an activated carbon container (AC) provided on the adsorption tower (1) And a denitration apparatus.

One side of the adsorption tower 1 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet A, and the other side of the adsorption tower 1 is provided with an exhaust gas outlet B. The first gas pipeline L1 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon container AC, and the second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is A third gas pipeline L3 connected to the exhaust gas inlet A and from the gas outlet of the activated carbon container AC merges with the second gas pipeline L2.

The adsorption tower 1 has two activated carbon feed chambers AC-c as shown in FIG. 8. A round roller feeder G is provided at the discharge outlet of each feed chamber AC-c. A rotary valve F is provided at the outlet of the feed container or bottom container H. Preferably, a vibrating sieve Sc is provided below the discharge outlet of the desorption tower 2, wherein the vibrating sieve Sc is provided with a sieve of embodiment A as shown in FIG.

Second Embodiment

Similar to the first embodiment, except that the flue is provided downstream of the exhaust gas inlet, and the flue downstream of the exhaust gas inlet has three layers: the upper part 101 of the flue, the middle part of the flue and the lower part of the flue ( 103), and a second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the flue middle portion 102 of the exhaust gas inlet A.

Third Embodiment

Similar to the second embodiment, except that two rotary valves Vr are disposed on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon container AC. Preferably, a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves Vr to seal nitrogen and prevent exhaust gas leakage. A first gas valve V1 is provided at a front end of the first gas pipeline L1, and a second gas valve V2 is provided at a front end of the second gas pipeline L2.

Fourth Embodiment

Similar to the third embodiment, except that two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2), and two rotary valves on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2). Another nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between (Vr); Two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the discharge pipeline under the desorption tower (2), and another nitrogen transfer pipeline between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the discharge pipeline under the desorption tower (2) Is connected.

Embodiment 5

Desulfurization and denitrification including an adsorption tower (1), a desorption tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first activated carbon conveyor (4), a second activated carbon conveyor (5), and an activated carbon container (AC) provided on the adsorption tower (1) An apparatus is provided, wherein an exhaust gas inlet A is provided on one side of the adsorption tower 1 and an exhaust gas outlet B is provided on the other side of the adsorption tower 1.

A nitrogen transfer pipeline (L4) is provided in the desorption tower (2), and the nitrogen transfer pipeline (L4) has four branches, namely, a first nitrogen branch (L4a), a second nitrogen branch (L4b), and a third nitrogen branch. (L4c) and a fourth nitrogen branch (L4d), the first nitrogen branch (L4a) is connected to the lower cooling section 202 of the desorption tower (2), the second nitrogen branch (L4b) is the desorption column (2) ) To the upper heating section 201, the third nitrogen branch L4c is connected between the two rotary valves Vr on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower 2, and the fourth nitrogen branch L4d ) Is connected between two rotary valves Vr on the discharge pipeline under the desorption tower 2.

The ammonia transfer pipeline is divided into two branches, namely, a first gas pipeline L1 and a second gas pipeline L2, and the first gas pipeline L1 is connected to the first nitrogen branch L4a, The second gas pipeline L2 is connected to the ammonia inlet of the gas mixer 3, and the third gas pipeline L3 from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the exhaust gas inlet of the adsorption tower 1. Connected to A).

The adsorption tower 1 has two activated carbon feed chambers AC-c as shown in FIG. 8. A round roller feeder G is provided at the discharge outlet of each feed chamber AC-c. A rotary valve F is provided at the outlet of the feed container or bottom container H. Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, a vibrating sieve Sc is provided below the discharge outlet of the detachment tower 2, wherein the vibrating sieve Sc is provided with a sieve of embodiment A.

Article 6 Embodiment

Similar to the fifth embodiment, except that the flue is provided downstream of the exhaust gas inlet (A), and the flue downstream of the exhaust gas inlet (A) has three layers, namely the upper part 101 of the flue, the middle of the flue. Divided into part 102 and flue upper part 101, the second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is the flue middle part 102 and the flue upper part of the exhaust gas inlet A Connected to 101.

Article 7 Embodiment

Similar to the sixth embodiment, except that the lower heating section 201 of the desorption tower 2 has a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure, in which the heating gas passes through the housing part and the activated carbon passes through the pipeline part. ; The lower cooling section 202 is also a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure, in which cooling gas passes through the housing portion and activated carbon passes through the pipeline portion.

The first nitrogen branch L4a transfers nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the lower cooling section 202, and the second nitrogen branch L4b transfers nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the upper heating section 201.

Two rotary valves Vr are arranged on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon vessel AC of the adsorption tower 1. Preferably, a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between the two rotary valves Vr to seal nitrogen and prevent exhaust gas leakage.

Article 8 Embodiment

Similar to the seventh embodiment, except that the first gas valve V1 is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline L1, and the second gas valve V2 is the front end of the second gas pipeline L2. Is provided in. Two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2), and another nitrogen transfer pipe between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2) The line is connected.

In the above embodiment, by using a vibrating sieve equipped with a specific sieve instead of a conventional vibrating sieve under the discharge outlet of the detachment tower 2, the tablet-shaped activated carbon bridging phenomenon is eliminated, and a tablet having low wear resistance and compressive strength- The shape activated carbon is filtered to avoid accumulation of debris and dust in the desulfurization and denitrification equipment, which reduces the movement resistance of activated carbon, reduces the risk of high temperature combustion of activated carbon in the adsorption tower, and allows high-strength activated carbon to be recycled in the equipment. , Reduce filtration by vibrating sieve, and reduce operating costs.

Article 9 Embodiment

Similar to the first embodiment, except that instead of the round roller G for discharging, as shown in Fig. 10, a new star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device is used. An exhaust outlet is provided at the base of the activated carbon feed chamber. The discharge outlet consists of a front baffle (AC-I), a rear baffle (AC-II) and two side plates (not shown in the drawing).

The height of the main structure of the adsorption tower is 21 m (meters). The adsorption tower 1 has two activated carbon feed chambers. The thickness of the first chamber on the left is 180 mm. The thickness of the second chamber on the right is 900 mm.

The star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device includes a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber, and a front baffle (AC-I) in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber. ) And a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) located below the discharge outlet formed by the rear baffle (AC-II). The star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller G comprises a round roller G01 and 12 blades G02 distributed at the same angle (θ = 30°) along the circumference of the round roller.

When viewed from the cross section of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller, the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller exhibits a star-wheel structure.

The discharge outlet consists of a front baffle (AC-I), a rear baffle (AC-II) and two side plates. Round rollers are disposed at the bottom of the front baffle (AC-I) and the rear baffle (AC-II). The blades G02 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round roller G01. The round roller G01 is driven by a motor to rotate, and the rotation direction is a direction going from the rear baffle AC-II to the front baffle AC-I. The narrow angle θ between adjacent blades G02 is 30°. A distance or distance s is provided between the blade and the bottom end of the rear baffle. The value of s is 2 mm.

The profile radius of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller G (or the radius of the turning profile of the blade on the round roller) is r. r is equal to the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 plus the width of the blade G02.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 is 60 mm, and the width of the blade G02 is 100 mm.

The distance between the center of the round roller and the lower end of the front baffle is h. h is generally greater than r + (12 to 30) mm and less than r/sin58°, which can prevent the activated carbon from slipping on its own when the activated carbon is discharged smoothly and the round roller is not moving.

Article 10 Embodiment

Similar to the second embodiment, instead of the round roller G for discharging, as shown in Fig. 10, a new star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device is used. An exhaust outlet is provided at the base of the activated carbon feed chamber. The discharge outlet consists of a front baffle (AC-I), a rear baffle (AC-II) and two side plates (not shown in the drawing).

The height of the main structure of the adsorption tower is 21 m (meters). The thickness of the first chamber on the left is 160 mm. The thickness of the second chamber on the right is 1000 mm.

The star-wheel type activated carbon discharging device includes a front baffle (AC-I) and a rear baffle (AC-II) in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber, and a front baffle (AC-I) in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber. ) And a star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) located below the discharge outlet formed by the rear baffle (AC-II). The star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller G comprises a round roller G01 and eight blades G02 distributed at the same angle (θ = 45°) along the circumference of the round roller.

When viewed from the cross section of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller, the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller exhibits a star-wheel structure.

The discharge outlet consists of a front baffle (AC-I), a rear baffle (AC-II) and two side plates. Round rollers are disposed at the lower ends of the front baffle AC-I and the rear baffle AC-II. The blades G02 are uniformly distributed and fixed on the round roller G01. The round roller G01 is driven by a motor to rotate, and the rotation direction is a direction going from the rear baffle AC-II to the front baffle AC-I. The narrow angle θ between adjacent blades G02 is 45°. A predetermined spacing or distance s is provided between the blade and the lower end of the rear baffle. The value of s is 1 mm.

The profile radius of the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) is r. r is equal to the radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 plus the width of the blade G02.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 is 90 mm, and the width of the blade G02 is 70 mm.

The distance between the center of the round roller and the lower end of the front baffle is h. h is generally greater than r + (12 to 30) mm and less than r/sin58°, which can prevent the activated carbon from slipping on its own when the activated carbon is discharged smoothly and the round roller is not moving.

Article 11 Embodiment

Similar to the second embodiment, except that a new type of discharge rotary valve F is used, as shown in Figs. 11 to 14, instead of the usual discharge rotary valve F.

The new type of rotary valve (F) includes an upper feed inlet (F04), a valve core (F01), a blade (F02), a valve housing (F03), a lower discharge outlet (F05), in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve. A buffer region F06 and a material-smoothing plate F07. The buffer region F06 is adjacent to and communicates with the lower space of the feed inlet F04, and the length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 in the horizontal direction is that of the feed inlet F04 in the horizontal direction. It is longer than the length of the section. The material-smoothing plate is disposed in the buffer area F06, the upper end of the material-smooth plate F07 is fixed to the top of the buffer area F06, and the cross section of the material-smooth plate F07 is " It has a V" shape.

The cross section of the upper feed inlet F04 is rectangular, and the cross section of the buffer zone F06 is also rectangular.

The length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade F02 in the horizontal direction.

The material-smoothing plate F07 is formed by splicing two single plates F0701 and F0702.

The narrow angle 2α between the two single plates F0701 and F0702 is 90°.

The narrow angle between each of the single plates F0701 and F0702 and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region F06 or between the respective plate surfaces F0701 and F0702 and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region F06 is 30°. Φ will be greater than the friction angle of the activated carbon material.

The base of each of the two single plates F0701 and F0702 has an arc shape.

The length of the center line segment between the two single plates F0701 and F0702 or the two plate surfaces F0701 and F0702 is slightly smaller than the width of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 in the horizontal direction.

α + Φ = 90°.

The radius of the rotational profile of the blades on the round roller is r. r is equal to the radius of the cross section (circle) of the valve core F01 plus the width of the blade F02.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the valve core F01 is 30 mm, and the width of the blade F02 is 100 mm. That is, r is 130mm.

The length of the blade F02 is 380 mm.

Article 12 Embodiment

Similar to the tenth embodiment, but instead of the general discharge rotary valve F, as shown in Figs. 11 to 14, a new type of discharge rotary valve F is used.

The new type of rotary valve (F) is in the upper space of the upper feed inlet (F04), valve core (F01), blade (F02), valve housing (F03), lower discharge outlet (F05), the inner cavity of the valve. And a buffer zone F06 and a material-smoothing plate F07. The buffer region F06 is adjacent to the lower space of the feed inlet F04 and communicates with the lower space, and the length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 in the horizontal direction is that of the feed inlet F04 in the horizontal direction. Greater than the length of the section. The material-smoothing plate is disposed in the buffer area F06, the upper end of the material-smooth plate F07 is fixed to the top of the buffer area F06, and the cross section of the material-smooth plate F07 is " It has a V" shape.

The cross section of the upper feed inlet F04 is rectangular, and the cross section of the buffer zone F06 is also rectangular.

The length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade F02 in the horizontal direction.

The material-smoothing plate F07 is formed by splicing two single plates F0701 and F0702.

The narrow angle 2α between the two single plates F0701 and F0702 is 90°.

The narrow angle between each of the single plates F0701 and F0702 and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region F06 or between the respective plate surfaces F0701 and F0702 and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region F06 is 30°. Φ may be greater than the friction angle of the activated carbon material.

The base of each of the two single plates F0701 and F0702 has an arc shape.

The length of the center line segment between the two single plates F0701 and F0702 or the two plate surfaces F0701 and F0702 is slightly smaller than the width of the cross section of the buffer zone F06 in the horizontal direction.

α + Φ = 90°.

The radius of the turning profile of the blades on the round roller is r r is equal to the radius of the cross section (circle) of the valve core F01 plus the width of the blade F02.

The radius of the cross section (circle) of the valve core F01 is 30 mm, and the width of the blade F02 is 100 mm. That is, r is 130mm.

The length of the blade F02 is 380 mm.

Claims (18)

Desulfurization and denitrification including an adsorption tower (1), a desorption tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first activated carbon conveyor (4), a second activated carbon conveyor (5), and an activated carbon container (AC) provided on the adsorption tower (1) As a device,
An exhaust gas inlet (A) is provided on one side of the adsorption tower (1), and an exhaust gas outlet (B) is provided on the other side of the adsorption tower (1),
The first gas pipeline L1 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the gas inlet of the activated carbon container AC, and the second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is The apparatus, connected to the exhaust gas inlet A, wherein a third gas pipeline L3 from the gas outlet of the activated carbon container AC merges with the second gas pipeline L2. The method of claim 1,
A flue is provided downstream of the exhaust gas inlet, and the flue downstream of the exhaust gas inlet is divided into three layers, namely the upper part 101 of the flue, the middle part 102 of the flue and the lower part 103 of the flue. , The second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the flue middle part 102 of the exhaust gas inlet A, and optionally the flue upper part of the flue gas inlet A ( 101), the device. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Two rotary valves Vr are disposed on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon container AC; A device, in which a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between two rotary valves (Vr) for nitrogen sealing and exhaust gas leakage prevention. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The device, wherein a first gas valve V1 is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline L1 and a second gas valve V2 is provided at the front end of the second gas pipeline L2. . The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2), and another nitrogen transfer between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2) The pipeline is connected and/or
Two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the discharge pipeline under the desorption tower (2), and another nitrogen transfer pipe between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the discharge pipeline under the desorption tower (2) The device to which the line is connected. Desulfurization and denitrification including an adsorption tower (1), a desorption tower (2), a gas mixer (3), a first activated carbon conveyor (4), a second activated carbon conveyor (5), and an activated carbon container (AC) provided on the adsorption tower (1) As a device,
An exhaust gas inlet (A) is provided on one side of the adsorption tower (1), and an exhaust gas outlet (B) is provided on the other side of the adsorption tower (1),
The desorption tower 2 is provided with a nitrogen transfer pipeline (L4), and the nitrogen transfer pipeline (L4) has four branches, namely, a first nitrogen branch (L4a), a second nitrogen branch (L4b), and a third nitrogen branch. (L4c) and a fourth nitrogen branch (L4d), wherein the first nitrogen branch (L4a) is connected to the lower cooling section 202 of the desorption tower (2), and the second nitrogen branch (L4b) is the desorption column ( 2) connected to the upper heating section 201, the third nitrogen branch L4c is connected between the two rotary valves Vr on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower 2, and the fourth nitrogen branch ( L4d) is connected between two rotary valves Vr on the discharge pipeline below the desorption tower 2;
The ammonia transfer pipeline is divided into two branches, namely a first gas pipeline L1 and a second gas pipeline L2, wherein the first gas pipeline L1 is connected to the first nitrogen branch L4a, and , The second gas pipeline L2 is connected to the ammonia inlet of the gas mixer 3, and the third gas pipeline L3 from the mixed gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is the exhaust gas inlet of the adsorption tower 1 The device, which is connected to (A). The method of claim 6,
A flue is provided downstream of the exhaust gas inlet A, and the flue downstream of the exhaust gas inlet is divided into three layers, namely the upper part 101 of the flue, the middle part 102 of the flue and the lower part 103 of the flue. , The second gas pipeline L2 from the gas outlet of the gas mixer 3 is connected to the flue middle part 102 of the exhaust gas inlet A, and optionally the flue upper part of the flue gas inlet A ( 101), the device. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
The lower heating section 201 of the desorption tower 2 is a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure in which heating gas passes through the housing portion and activated carbon passes through the pipeline portion; The lower cooling section 202 is a housing-and-pipeline heat exchange structure in which cooling gas passes through the housing portion and activated carbon passes through the pipeline portion;
The first nitrogen branch (L4a) is configured to transport nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the lower cooling section 202, and the second nitrogen branch (L4b) is configured to transport nitrogen to the pipeline portion of the upper heating section (201). Being, the device. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8,
Two rotary valves Vr are disposed on the activated carbon transfer pipeline above the activated carbon container AC of the adsorption tower 1; A device, in which a nitrogen transfer pipeline is connected between two rotary valves (Vr) for nitrogen sealing and exhaust gas leakage prevention. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 9,
A first gas valve V1 is provided at the front end of the first gas pipeline L1 and a second gas valve V2 is provided at the front end of the second gas pipeline L2, and/or
Two rotary valves (Vr) are arranged on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2), and another nitrogen transfer between the two rotary valves (Vr) on the feed pipeline above the desorption tower (2) The device to which the pipeline is connected. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10,
A vibrating sieve equipped with a sieve having a rectangular mesh is provided below the discharge outlet at the bottom of the detachment tower 2 or downstream of the detachment tower 2, wherein the length of the rectangular mesh L ≥ 3D, and the width of the rectangular mesh a = 0.65h to 0.95h, where D is the diameter of the circular section of the activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve, h is the minimum length of the granular activated carbon cylinder to be retained on the sieve, and h = 1.5mm to 7mm; The apparatus, wherein the diameter D of the circular section of the activated carbon cylinder to be held on the sieve is between 4.5 mm and 9.5 mm. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11,
The adsorption tower 1 has at least two activated carbon feed chambers AC-c,
At the base of each activated carbon feed chamber (AC-c), or below the discharge outlet formed by the front baffle (AC-I) and rear baffle (AC-II) and two side plates in the lower part of the activated carbon feed chamber On, a star-wheel type activated carbon ejection roller (G) is mounted,
The device, wherein the star-wheel type activated carbon discharge roller (G) comprises a round roller (G01) and a plurality of blades (G02) distributed at the same angle along the circumference of the round roller. The method of claim 12,
The round roller G01 is disposed at the lower end of the front baffle AC-I and the rear baffle AC-II, and between adjacent blades G02 distributed on the circumference of the round roller G01. The device of which the included angle (θ) of is 12° to 64°. The method of claim 13,
The distance s between the blade G02 and the bottom end of the rear baffle is 0.5 mm to 5 mm, and/or
The radius of the cross section (circle) of the round roller G01 is 30 mm to 120 mm, and the width of the blade G02 is 40 mm to 130 mm, and/or,
The device, wherein the distance h between the center of the round roller and the lower end of the front baffle is greater than r + (12 to 30) mm and less than r/sin58°. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
At least one discharge rotary valve (F) is provided in the supply container or the bottom container (H) of the adsorption tower,
The rotary valve (F) includes an upper feed inlet (F04), a valve core (F01), a blade (F02), a valve housing (F03), a lower discharge outlet (F05), a buffer zone in the upper space of the inner cavity of the valve ( F06) and a material-smoothing plate (F07), wherein the buffer zone (F06) is adjacent to and communicates with the lower space of the feed inlet (F04), and of the buffer zone (F06) in the horizontal direction. The length of the cross section is longer than the length of the cross section of the feed inlet F04 in the horizontal direction; The material-smoothing plate is arranged in the buffer area F06, the upper end of the material-smooth plate F07 is fixed to the top of the buffer area F06, and the cross section of the material smoothing plate F07 is in the horizontal direction. The device, having a "V" shape. The method of claim 15,
The cross section of the upper feed inlet F04 is rectangular and the cross section of the buffer zone F06 is rectangular and/or
The device, wherein the length of the cross section of the buffer region F06 is smaller than the length of the cross section of the blade F02 in the horizontal direction. The method of claim 15 or 16,
Material-smoothing plate (F07) is formed by splicing two single plates (F0701, F0702), or material-smoothing plate (F07) is formed by bending one plate into two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702) And a narrow angle between two single plates (F0701, F0702) or two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702) 2α ≤ 120°, ie α ≤ 60°. The method according to any one of claims 15 to 17,
The narrow angle between each of the single plates (F0701 or F0702) and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region (F06), or the narrow angle Φ between each of the plate surfaces (F0701 or F0702) and the longitudinal direction of the buffer region (F06) Is equal to or greater than the angle of friction and/or
The device, wherein the base of each of two single plates (F0701, F0702) or two plate surfaces (F0701, F0702) is arc-shaped.

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