KR20200045105A - Pre-treatment System for Solid Fuel Manufacturing - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a pretreatment system to obtain raw materials to a pellet manufacturing apparatus side for producing pellets, which are solid fuels, among household wastes and industrial wastes, comprising an input unit (100), a transfer unit (200), a plastic bag crushing unit (300), a screening blower unit (400), and a sorting and separating accommodation unit (500).

Description

Pre-treatment System for Solid Fuel Manufacturing

The present invention relates to a pretreatment system for sorting and sorting raw materials to be supplied to a pellet manufacturing apparatus for producing pellets referred to as solid fuel.

It is well known that the seriousness of the global environmental problem has emerged in recent years, and the emission rights of carbon from the use of fossil fuels are also rapidly rising with worldwide attention.

The energy and environmental issues have been raised in the past, but recently, these issues have been pointed out realistically, and the expected future depletion of fossil fuels and the securing of energy resources, clean and renewable as expected by the Kyoto Protocol's entry into force. The development of possible energy has reached an urgent situation.

In accordance with this situation, governments and corporations around the world are taking steps to develop alternative energy and secure resources to reduce greenhouse gas emissions worldwide.

Various efforts have been made to secure renewable energy sources as well as to secure energy sources. As one of them, common food waste, old clothes, servings, food, etc., grains, agricultural by-products, etc. The same biomass resource is emerging as one of the alternatives to solving energy and environmental problems.

The biomass is a generic term for organic substances existing in nature, and it can be said to be a representative resource that humans have used for a long time as food, energy, construction materials, and household goods, but it is convenient to use and can manufacture various products at low cost. Its value was not properly valued by fossil fuels such as oil.

However, in recent years, the perception is rapidly changing, and the supply of ethanol, which is extracted and used as an energy source by using corn or sugar cane, is becoming visible, and biodiesel obtained by processing seeds of grains or waste cooking oil is Europe. Is rapidly spreading around.

Meanwhile, biomass is considered to have the potential to replace various petrochemical-based products as well as renewable energy sources. In some cases, biomass resources are considered as the only 'ground resource' that can replace 'ground resources' such as oil and coal.

These types of biomass include a wide variety of microorganisms, animals and plants, by-products of various human activities, or garbage, for example, grain, wood (waste wood, logging, etc.), livestock, human food, food waste, organic sewage / waste sludge, etc. It can be seen as this representative biomass, and among the above types, waste wood can be recycled as fuel, and manure and food waste such as manure and livestock are mainly recycled as fertilizer.

These are commonly referred to as biomass, and waste paper sludge contains a large amount of moisture, and to recycle them as solid fuels, they must undergo a dehydration process or a drying process, and the unprocessed biomass has a porosity inside the premises. Because it is quite high, it is bulky, and transportation efficiency is lowered, and it also has a problem of low heat generation, and thus requires conversion to a high added value.

On the other hand, in order to use the biomass made of the above-mentioned types as a heat energy source, in addition to the conventionally well-known carbide firing, pellet production technology, augite production technology, etc., pellets or agarite are contained freely in the wood. It can be considered as a compact fuel that improves aqueous and combustibility by allowing water to be dehydrated by an evaporation process.

However, the wood-based biomass solidified fuel according to the related art does not have sufficient calorific value compared to succan coke, and is not sufficient for hardness performance. ) It could not withstand the internal environment and was destroyed and burned, so it could not function as an alternative coke oven.

In addition, among biomass, it has more moisture than wood-based biomass, and has large pores, making it unsuitable for use as a solid fuel. Herbal biomass (grass, sunflower, etc.) or food waste biomass (busy, chaff, etc.) Although present, such biomass is not effectively used as a solidified fuel, and various methods for producing solid fuels for them have been sought.

Therefore, in order to solve these problems, the present inventors have previously registered and registered with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, such as' Method for manufacturing pellets using biomass', which is patent registration No. 10-1457402, or 'Biomass, which is patent registration No. 10-1562226. Pellet manufacturing method and manufacturing device using ', and waste wood, old house, waste paper, waste synthetic resins, etc. are used to mix food waste, bone, hair, human food, and livestock with the waste. Used pellets were provided.

On the other hand, synthetic resins classified as household waste, waste wood materials, etc. can be used as a raw material for manufacturing the above-described pellet-type solidified fuel, and vinyl, scrap metal, glass materials, etc. cannot be used as a raw material for the solidified fuel. to be.

However, it is common that waste sorted items are mixed with wood and empty bottles, glass products to be discarded, and synthetic resin materials, and the waste disposal companies manually sort the collected household waste. This is often the case.

These household wastes or industrial wastes are collected in various forms, for example, in the case of household wastes, they are usually collected in a pay-as-you-go bag, and industrial wastes tend to be collected in a mixed form such as iron, wood, and synthetic resin materials.

Among them, household waste must first be bursted with a pay-as-you-go bag, and then the contents must be classified individually, and waste provided in the form of industrial waste has been manually performed by a worker to classify recyclable materials.

In the case of a known patent document, there are technologies for classifying iron, wood, and phage using a blower according to specific gravity, but if provided in a form mixed with household waste, efficiency and accuracy for sorting and sorting Among the screened materials, there is a problem in that a separate screening operation must be performed again for use as a material for solid fuel.

In addition, there is a problem that a fire occurs due to friction or the like in the process of mixing and moving various wastes. For example, there is a problem in that a fire occurs due to a spark phenomenon generated during a mutual friction process with oxidizing gas accompanied by a odor generated from household waste and a waste containing flammable substances when a pay-per-use bag is opened.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1457402 (2014. 11. 04 announcement) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1562226 (announced on Nov. 2, 2015) Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1662439 (Announcement of October 10, 2016)

The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has an object to provide a pretreatment system for obtaining raw materials to a pellet manufacturing apparatus side for producing pellets, which are solid fuels, among household wastes and industrial wastes mixed and input. .

In addition, the present invention is possible to accurately sort and sort according to the characteristics of the material that can be utilized as a raw material for use as pellet fuel in various wastes that are mixed and supplied, and another object to be supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus have.

In addition, the present invention, in order to effectively control and extinguish when a fire caused by a spark phenomenon due to impact and collision of gas and various garbage generated in the process of transporting various wastes mixed and supplied and plastic bag crushing There are other purposes.

The present invention for achieving the above object,

An input unit 100 into which collected wastes are input;

A transfer unit 200 through which wastes input through the input unit are transferred;

Among the garbage, plastic bags include a plastic bag crushing unit 300 having a crushing blade to burst inside the transfer unit;

A sorting blower unit 400 for sorting according to the specific gravity of each waste using high pressure air to the waste discharged through the end of the transfer unit 200;

Characterized in that the waste sorted by the sorting blower unit 400 is composed of a sorting and separating receiving unit 500 that falls, sorts, and separates.

According to the present invention, there is provided a pretreatment system for obtaining raw materials to a pellet manufacturing apparatus side for producing pellets, which are solid fuels, among household wastes and industrial wastes mixed and used, and used as pellet fuels in various kinds of wastes mixed and supplied. Accurate sorting and sorting is possible according to the characteristics of the material that can be used as a raw material to be supplied, and it can be supplied to a pellet manufacturing apparatus to ensure the efficiency and sorting accuracy of the work, so that high-quality raw materials for pellet production The effect that can be secured can be expected.

In addition, according to the present invention, when a fire occurs due to a spark phenomenon caused by impact and collision of gas and various garbage generated during the process of transporting various wastes mixed and supplied and crushing the plastic bag, the present invention effectively controls and extinguishes the wastes. It is possible to expect an effect that can prevent a fire that may occur in the process of transporting and sorting.

In addition, the present invention allows the process for the sorting and sorting of waste to be fully automatic, thereby minimizing the manual sorting and sorting work by the worker, so that an improvement effect of working conditions can be expected.

1 is a schematic conceptual diagram of a pretreatment system according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an input part and a transfer part in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a secondary separation process for sorting and separating wastes sorted and separated again in the pretreatment system according to FIG. 1.
4 is a schematic conceptual illustration showing that the transfer part applied to the present invention may be configured in a vertical state, unlike the horizontal state in FIGS. 1 to 3 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a secondary separation process for sorting and separating sorted wastes again in the pretreatment system according to the embodiment of FIG. 4.

Specific structural or functional descriptions of the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention disclosed in this specification are exemplified only for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention Since it is possible to make various changes and have various forms, it includes all changes, equivalents, or substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention, and terms or words used in the specification and claims are conventional or dictionary Not to be construed as being limited to meaning, the inventor can, on the basis that he can appropriately define the concept of terms in order to explain his or her invention in the best way, meaning and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention Should be interpreted as Therefore, the embodiments shown in the specification and drawings of the present invention are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical spirit of the present invention, and are replaced at the time of filing of the present invention. It should be understood that various equivalents and variations that can be made are possible or possible.

In addition, unless defined otherwise in the specification of the present invention, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. Have Terms such as those defined in a commonly used dictionary should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with meanings in the context of related technologies, and should not be interpreted as ideal or excessively formal meanings unless explicitly defined herein. Does not.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention provides a pretreatment system of materials for obtaining a solidified solid fuel such as pellets, as described above.

Here, the pre-treatment system is a means for securing a basic raw material for producing pellets among commonly collected wastes (which should be understood as a comprehensive concept including general waste, household waste, and industrial waste).

The present invention for providing such a pre-treatment system, as shown in Figures 1 to 2 and 4, the input unit 100 into which various wastes are input, the transfer unit 200 through which the wastes input through the input unit are transferred, The plastic bag crushing unit 300 to burst plastic bags inside the transfer unit, the sorting blower unit 400 for sorting according to the specific gravity of each waste using high-pressure air, and the sorted wastes are sorted and separated. It consists of a selective separation receiving unit 500.

Various wastes collected are input to the input unit 100. Here, various types of garbage need to be understood as a comprehensive concept including household waste and general waste, as well as industrial waste.

In the present invention, the material to be separated and sorted corresponds to a raw material to be supplied to the pellet manufacturing apparatus, and papers, synthetic resins, woods, etc. are mainly targeted for sorting.

Other wastes, such as iron, vinyl, glass materials including empty bottles, etc., are classified as recycling and may be supplied to a separate recycling processing device.

The conveying unit 200 means means for allowing wastes to be introduced into the input unit 100 and transported.

Such a transfer unit 200 is conventionally presented in the form of a conveyor that is open to the outside in the prior art, but the present invention specifies that the transfer unit 200 has a vacuum condition.

The means for satisfying the vacuum condition may be applicable by known means for securing the vacuum.

The transfer unit 200 may be configured in the form of a pipeline, or may be configured in the form of a conveyor, but is provided with a duct that surrounds the outside and maintains a vacuum inside.

To this end, it is preferable to configure the first and second vacuum dampers 220 and 230 on both ends of the transfer unit 200, respectively.

In addition, the transfer unit 200 may be configured in a vertical image or a horizontal image.

As shown in the drawing, the transfer unit 200 constituting such a configuration is implemented by constructing the transfer conveyor 210 therein, and the transfer conveyor 210 comprises two separate first transfer conveyors 211 and It is composed of two transfer conveyors (212).

The division into the first and second transport conveyors 211 and 212 as described above is to facilitate the installation of the plastic bag crushing unit 300, which will be described later.

The plastic bag crushing part 300 is configured to be rotated between the first and second conveying conveyors 211 and 212 in the conveying part 200, as described above, with two rotating blades, that is, an upper rotating blade 310 and a lower portion. The rotary blade 320 is installed at the end side of the first transport conveyor 211.

Therefore, various wastes, such as household waste and plastic bags, which are received and administered, are input through the input unit 100 and settled and transferred to the first transfer conveyor 211 among the transfer conveyors 210 inside the transfer unit 200. When passing through the upper and lower rotating blades 310 and 320 constituting the plastic bag crushing part 300 provided at the end thereof, the plastic bag through which household wastes are received is shredded among various wastes and the internal storage is external. To be exposed.

In this way, the internal storage (general waste) accommodated in the plastic bag is crushed by the upper and lower rotating blades 310 and 320 and exposed to the outside, and falls from the end of the first transport conveyor 211 to the second transport conveyor 212 side. It is seated and transferred.

On the other hand, the plastic bag is transported and crushed by the plastic bag crushing part 300 constituting the upper and lower rotating blades 310 and 320, and metal materials and phage are mixed together among various wastes that are torn off or pass through the transport part 200 In the process of being transported, sparks may be generated due to friction between each other.

In particular, in the process of mixing and transporting the metal containers or holes and the discarded gas containers and papers together, the contents of the plastic bag shredding 300 received inside the plastic bag and decayed according to the operation of the plastic bag shredding unit 300 described above As gas or the like is exposed to the outside, there is a risk of ignition caused by sparks or the like and a fire.

As such, when a fire occurs due to a spark phenomenon in the process of passing through the transfer unit 200 or the plastic bag is torn, there is a need to immediately extinguish it.

For this purpose, it is preferable to install the fire hydrant 240 on the inner upper portion of the transfer unit 200 as shown in FIG. 1 in general.

In order to determine whether or not the fire hydrant 240 is operated, it is preferable to include a sensor 250 capable of detecting a fire.

The sensor 250 may be installed by applying either or both of the smoke sensor or the temperature sensor.

On the other hand, the sorting blower unit 400 means a configuration to be sorted according to the specific gravity of each waste by using high pressure air to the waste discharged through the end of the transfer unit 200 described above.

The wastes discharged through the end portion of the transfer part 200 include household waste, waste wood, waste paper, synthetic resin material, scrap metal, co-current, etc. The mass and specific gravity of each of these wastes have different characteristics.

Using these characteristics, the sorting blower unit 400 is installed on the lower side of the transfer unit 200 to supply high-pressure air in all directions.

When the high-pressure air is supplied by the sorting blower unit 400 including the blower, among the various wastes discharged through the end of the transfer unit 200, relatively high specific gravity wastes, such as scrap metal or stone, are located at the closest distance. After falling, the woods and sappers are then blown in the order of a short distance, synthetic resin and waste paper, and then screened.

In the drawing, the sorting and separating receiving unit 500 is respectively configured to the front of the sorting blower unit 400.

The sorting and receiving unit 500 is configured to form a plurality of receiving boxes.

On the other hand, the first sorted garbage in the sorting and separating receiving unit 500 as described above is in a state in which perfect sorting is impossible. That is, although it is blown by high pressure air according to specific gravity through the sorting blower unit 400 and is accommodated in the sorting and separating container 500 side, wastes in a somewhat mixed form are accommodated in each sorting and separating container 500. Can be.

For example, among the plurality of receiving boxes (1, 2, 3, 4) of the sorting and separating receiving unit 500, high-density scrap metal or stones should be accommodated in the receiving box (1) at the top end, but empty bottles can be accommodated. The next receiving box 2 should contain trash groups with a similar specific gravity such as empty bottles or wood, but may include a case in the form of a booklet out of waste paper.

Needless to say, there is some difficulty in supplying the wastes that are not relatively completely screened to the solid fuel manufacturing apparatus.

Therefore, in order to improve this point, as shown in FIG. 3 or 5, the last receiving box (4) among the plurality of receiving boxes (1, 2, 3, 4) respectively screened through the sorting and receiving unit 500 ) Except for the rest of the receiving box (1,2,3) through the lower portion of the received waste again to be discharged through the second transfer unit 600 connected to the lower end, the second transfer unit 600 of A second sorting blower part 700 is provided at the bottom of the end, respectively, and each waste is discharged through the bottom of each receiving box 1, 2, 3 and transported along the second transport part 600, respectively. Each of the second sorting and separating accommodated by a plurality of receiving boxes (1a to 1c, 2a to 2c, 3a to 3c) provided on the front side of the second transfer unit 600 is screened by the two sorting blower unit 700 The process was selected by the unit 800.

The second transfer unit 600 is individually connected to the lower end of the receiving box (1, 2, 3) of each receiving box (1, 2, 3, 4) of the sorting and receiving unit 500, as shown in Figure 3, respectively It is configured to be transported through each of the second transfer unit 600, the waste received in these receiving boxes (1, 2, 3).

As described above, the wastes accommodated in each of the storage boxes 1, 2 and 3, for example, the storage box 1 should mainly contain stones and scrap metal, but wood or thick waste paper can be accommodated, and the storage box 2 can be accommodated. Wood and empty bottles should be accommodated, but on the other hand, scrap metal or thick waste paper, which is relatively light in weight, can be accommodated. In the storage box 3, mainly plastic bottles or synthetic resin materials should be accommodated, but light scrap metal or waste paper can be accommodated. You can.

Therefore, it is necessary to sort out incompletely separated garbage.

To this end, the above-described configuration is provided as shown in FIG. 3, and the remaining receiving boxes 1 to 3 except for the receiving box 4 for receiving waste paper among the receiving boxes 1 to 4 of the separating and receiving unit 500. ) The wastes transferred through the second transfer unit 600 connected to the bottom are sorted and separated again by providing high pressure air of the second sorting blower unit 700 provided at the end of the second transfer unit 600.

In this way, the sorted and separated wastes can be sorted more accurately than the sorting and receiving unit 500 described above.

On the other hand, as described above, it may include a process of washing the wastes to be sorted and separated second.

For example, by constructing a separate washing unit 900 on the upper side of the second transfer unit 600 or the second sorting and receiving unit 800, the sorted waste is washed, so that a separate washing process can be supplied in an unnecessary state during post-treatment. There will be.

Although the above-described example shows and describes an example in which the transfer unit 200 is formed horizontally, unlike this, the transfer unit 200 may be arranged vertically as shown in FIGS. 4 to 5, of course.

Among the wastes selected through the pretreatment system of the present invention, waste wood, synthetic resins, and waste paper are immediately collected and supplied to the solid fuel manufacturing apparatus for producing solidified solid fuel such as pellets, thereby producing solid fuel. It can be used as a material for.

The raw material passed through the present invention, which is supplied to produce solid fuel, is of course not only washed, but also highly reliable pellets in which impurities are not mixed except for the material for producing solid fuel.

As described above, although the present invention has been described with limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the contents described above by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains Of course, various modifications and variations may be possible.

Therefore, the technical idea in the present invention should be grasped by the claims described below, but it will be apparent that all equivalent or equivalent modifications fall within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

100; Input 200; Transport
210; Transport conveyor 211; 1st Conveyor
212; A second transfer conveyor 220; First vacuum damper
230; A second vacuum damper 240; fireplug
250; Sensor 300; Plastic bag shredding part
310; Upper rotary blade 320; Lower rotary blade
400; Screening blower 500; Screening and separating part
600; A second transfer part 700; Second Screening Blower
800; A second sorting compartment 900; Cleaning

Claims (8)

An input unit 100 into which collected wastes are input;
A transfer unit 200 through which wastes input through the input unit are transferred;
Among the garbage, plastic bags include a plastic bag crushing unit 300 having a crushing blade to burst inside the transfer unit;
A sorting blower unit 400 for sorting according to the specific gravity of each waste using high pressure air to the waste discharged through the end of the transfer unit 200;
Solid fuel, characterized in that it consists of a sorting and separating receiving unit 500 having a plurality of receiving boxes (1, 2, 3, 4) that are sorted and separated by the waste sorted by the sorting blower unit (400) Pretreatment system of manufacturing equipment.
According to claim 1,
The interior of the transfer unit 200 comprises maintaining a vacuum state, the pre-treatment system of a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus.
According to claim 2,
Preparatory system of a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus, comprising configuring the first and second vacuum dampers 220 and 230 on both ends of the transfer unit 200 to maintain an internal vacuum state of the transfer unit 200.
According to claim 1,
The plastic bag crushing unit 300 is rotated between the first and second transport conveyors 211 and 212 in the transport unit 200, the upper and lower blades 310 and the lower rotary blade 320, the upper and lower rotating blades 320, are rotated. 1 conveying conveyor 211, the pre-treatment system of a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus comprising the installation on the end side.
According to claim 1,
A pre-treatment system of a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus, comprising installing and providing a fire hydrant 240 in an upper portion inside the transfer unit 200.
The method of claim 5,
In order to determine whether or not the fire hydrant 240 is operated, a sensor 250 is configured at an upper portion inside the transfer unit 200,
The sensor (2500) comprises applying or installing either or both of the smoke sensor or the temperature sensor, a pre-treatment system of a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus.
According to claim 1,
The lower end of the remaining receiving boxes (1,2,3) except for the last receiving box (4) among the plurality of receiving boxes (1,2,3,4) that are each sorted through the sorting and receiving unit (500) Each of the received wastes is discharged through the second transfer unit 600 connected to the lower end thereof, and the second selection blower unit 700 is provided at the lower end of the second transfer unit 600, respectively. , Each of the receiving boxes (1, 2, 3) is discharged through the bottom of the second transport unit 600 is sorted by the second sorting blower unit 700, which is provided with each of the wastes, which are again transported along the second transport unit (600). 600) Solid fuel production, including to be screened by each second sorting and receiving unit 800 having a plurality of receiving boxes (1a ~ 1c, 2a ~ 2c, 3a ~ 3c) provided on the front side, The device's pretreatment system ...
The method of claim 7,
Preparatory system of a solid fuel manufacturing apparatus, comprising configuring a separate washing unit 900 on the upper side of the second transfer unit 600 or the second sorting and receiving unit 800.

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