KR20200035715A - The manufacturing process of the black-ginseng comprising high ginsenoside content - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing black ginseng which contains a high content of ginsenoside. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing black ginseng which reduces a content of benzopyrene, which is a harmful component produced by a repeated process of steaming and drying, and increases contents of Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3, and Rk1.

Description

The manufacturing process of the black-ginseng comprising high ginsenoside content}

The present invention relates to a method for producing black ginseng containing a high content of ginsenosides, and more specifically, to reduce the content of benzopyrene, which is a harmful component produced by a repeated process of steaming and drying, and reduces ginsenosides Rh1 and Rh2. , Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 are related to the production method of increased black ginseng.

Ginseng is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus Elmaceae. The scientific name is Panax schinseng NEES. It grows in a deep mountainous region and is now commonly grown. The height reaches 60cm, the root diameter (根莖: root and stem) is short and stands upright or at an angle, and a bellflower-like root develops from the bottom. At the end of the rhizome, one main stem emerges, and 3 or 4 leaves at the end are lubricated (輪 生: protruding), and at the end of the long leaf, 5 long bilobes (掌狀 複葉: palm-shaped double leaves) run.

It is widely used as a tonic, gangsim, geonwi correction, sedative medicine as a medicinal effect of ginseng in the existing oriental medicine, and used as a stimulant for deteriorating metabolic function due to gastrointestinal weakness. It is known to be applied to a person's stomach sensation, indigestion, vomiting, chest pain, loosening, and anorexia.

Ginsenosides, which have been known to be the main ingredient of ginseng medicinal efficacy, have been proven to have anti-fatigue action, work capacity enhancement action, growth promoting action of sex glands, and hypoglycemic action.

Ginseng contains about 70% of moisture, so it is easy to decay and damage when it is stored or transported as it is, and it is made into red ginseng after steaming and drying the ginseng for long-term storage. In addition, black ginseng is obtained by repeating the above steaming and drying process several times, and is usually produced by a gujeomgupo (steamed nine times and dried nine times) process. In addition to red ginseng and black ginseng, there are black and red ginseng, which is an intermediate product between black and red ginseng.

Heat-treated processed ginseng, such as red ginseng, black ginseng, and black red ginseng, undergoes a process of steaming and drying, and new ginsenosides not contained in ginseng may be newly generated, and the content of ginsenosides in the original may be changed significantly. As a result, it exhibits an excellent pharmacological effect different from that of ginseng, and also improves preservation. Therefore, the development of health functional foods, pharmaceutical compositions, etc. using red ginseng, black ginseng, black red ginseng, etc. instead of ginseng or white ginseng has been actively conducted.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0991351 discloses a method of producing black ginseng through at least four steaming / drying steps after acid treatment of ginseng, and in Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0600795, ginsenoside Rg3 In order to increase the content, a method of manufacturing black ginseng with a method of guanggupogu is described, and in Korean Patent Publication No. 10-0671330, a method of guanggupogu with an increased content of irradiated saponin is described. No. 10-0543862, black ginseng prepared by steaming black ginseng 9 times and drying it in the loess drying room 10 times, discloses black ginseng and black ginseng concentrates with higher content of specific ginsenosides than ordinary black ginseng, registered in Korea In Patent Publication No. 10-0529475, the process of steaming and drying ginseng is repeated, and the process of steaming and drying is repeated 9 times to increase the saponin component. A method of manufacturing black ginseng and black ginseng has been published, and Korean Patent Registration No. 10-0496418 discloses a method of manufacturing black rice ginseng by 10-depth and 10-package of the roots of ginseng containing most of the saponins. Things are public.

However, the above manufacturing methods take longer than 60 hours for the production of black ginseng, resulting in a longer manufacturing time, which leads to lower economic efficiency, as well as the harmful component of benzopyrene in the process of evaporation and drying. It is likely to be generated.

Benzopyrene is a yellow crystalline solid belonging to polycyclic aromatichydrocarbon (PAH) and is produced by incomplete combustion at 300 ~ 600 ℃, and is also present in foods that are not cooked or processed, such as agricultural products, seafood, etc. due to environmental pollution. And when the food is heated to a high temperature, carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, etc., which are the main components of the food, are decomposed. As such, benzopyrene is mainly exposed to the human body through contaminated water, food, and the atmosphere, and various benzopyrene metabolites metabolized from the human body are known to cause cancer due to internalization of DNA.

Benzopyrene has a longer residence period and is more toxic, making it more problematic. It is an endocrine disruptor and a carcinogen, and is a globally targeted substance. The International Cancer Institute (IARC) recently upgraded benzopyrene as a human carcinogen in Group 1.

In the food field, a problem of benzopyrene is occurring. Recently, in Korea, interest in technology for reducing and detecting benzopyrene in processed ginseng products such as red ginseng or black ginseng has increased.

In Korea, black ginseng (including powder) is defined as less than 2.0ppb of benzopyrene and less than 4.0ppb of black ginseng concentrate among ginsengs.In the case of processed ginseng manufactured by applying heat, such as black red ginseng and black ginseng, during the steaming process and drying process, Although the content of various ginsenosides may be increased to some extent, safety is a problem because the benzopyrene, an ineffective component, exceeds the reference value.

 Therefore, the production method of increasing the content of ginsenosides, which is an active ingredient in manufacturing processed ginseng such as black red ginseng or black ginseng, and having a benzopyrene content less than the reference value is still under development.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-1070770 discloses a method of reducing benzopyrene content by enzymatic treatment and freeze-drying of ginseng processed products such as red ginseng or black ginseng, and also, Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10 -0805852 discloses a method for preparing red ginseng having a specific ginsenoside (Rg1, Rc, Re) reinforcement, including the step of precipitating ginseng in an organic acid solvent followed by depressurization.

On the other hand, ginsenosides are converted into low molecular ginsenosides or saponin metabolites and absorbed by polymer ginsenosides during human metabolism, and black ginseng absorbs polymer ginsenosides (Rg1, Rb1, etc.) contained in ginseng and red ginseng. It can be easily replaced with a low-molecular-weight ginsenoside or a saponin metabolite to increase the absorption rate, so it can compensate for the disadvantages of taking ginseng or red ginseng for a long time.

Accordingly, the present inventors paid attention to the research on a new approach to the production of black ginseng, and the longer the processing process of ginseng becomes, the more the content of benzopyrene generated in a large amount is below a standard value, and the low molecular weight ginsenoside (F2) which is an active ingredient of ginseng. , Rg3, Rg5, Rk1) while maximizing the contents, and discovering a new manufacturing method of black ginseng that can be mass-produced economically rather than repeating the existing steaming and drying, and completed the present invention.

The present invention is a low molecular ginsenoside FRh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 containing a high content, the benzopyrene content generated during the process of steaming ginseng reduced the production method of black ginseng reduced below the standard value It aims to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of a) drying ginseng;

b) swelling the dried ginseng;

c) immersing the swollen ginseng in an aqueous acid solution selected from the group consisting of an aqueous lemon acid solution, an aqueous plum acid solution and a mixed aqueous solution thereof;

d) steaming the immersed ginseng; And

e) comprising the step of drying the steamed ginseng, the production of benzopyrene is reduced, and the content of ginsenosides Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 is increased to provide a method for producing black ginseng do.

In the method for manufacturing black ginseng according to the present invention, the step a) is characterized in that it is performed for 10-18 hours at a temperature of 40-60 ° C.

In the method of manufacturing black ginseng according to the present invention, step b) is characterized in that it is performed at a pressure of 2.0 to 3.0 kgf / cm ² .

In the production method of black ginseng according to the present invention, the acid aqueous solution is characterized in that it satisfies the range of pH 2.0-4.0.

In the production method of black ginseng according to the present invention, the aqueous solution of lemon acid is characterized in that the mixture of lemon extract and distilled water is mixed at a ratio of 4: 6 to 6: 4.

In the production method of black ginseng according to the present invention, the aqueous solution of plum acid is characterized by mixing the extract of plum and distilled water in a ratio of 4: 6 to 6: 4.

The acid aqueous solution is characterized in that the aqueous solution of lemon acid and the aqueous solution of plum acid are mixed in a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1.

In the production method of black ginseng according to the present invention, the aqueous acid solution may be one that satisfies pH 2.0 to 2.5, and more preferably, is pH 2.0.

In the method of manufacturing black ginseng according to the present invention, the step d) is characterized in that it is carried out for 6 to 10 hours at a temperature of 70 ~ 90 ℃.

In the method of manufacturing black ginseng according to the present invention, the step d) is characterized in that it is performed for 8 hours at a temperature of 70 ~ 90 ℃.

In the manufacturing method of black ginseng according to the present invention, the step e) is characterized in that it is carried out at a temperature of 50 ~ 70 ℃.

In the method of manufacturing black ginseng according to the present invention, the benzopyrene is characterized in that it is produced in an amount of 0.5 ppb or less.

The present invention also provides black ginseng prepared by the method for producing black ginseng.

The prepared black ginseng is characterized by an increased content of Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 among ginsenosides.

In addition, the prepared black ginseng is characterized in that it contains less than 0.5 ppb benzopyrene.

The production method of black ginseng according to the present invention increases the content of ginsenosides Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 while reducing the amount of benzopyrene harmful to the human body, and the processed black ginseng processed food is bio Efficacy can be increased, and can be safely taken even if taken for a long time.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment according to the present invention will be described in more detail.

Prior to the description of the present invention, the following specific structures or functional descriptions are merely exemplified for the purpose of illustrating the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may be implemented in various forms, It should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein.

In addition, embodiments according to the concept of the present invention can be applied to various changes and may have various forms, so specific embodiments will be described in detail herein. However, this is not intended to limit the embodiments according to the concept of the present invention to a specific disclosure form, and it should be understood to include all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Examples 1 to 5. Preparation of black ginseng

Ginseng (root, stem, leaf, etc.) over 4 years old was dried at a temperature of 40 ~ 60 ℃ for about 10 ~ 18 hours, so that the moisture content in the ginseng became 30% or less. The dried ginseng was put in a rotary inflator, and inflated until the pressure of the inflator reached 2.5 kgf / cm ² . Subsequently, the swollen ginseng was immersed for 30 minutes in one aqueous solution selected from the group consisting of plum acid, lemon acid and mixtures thereof having a pH of 2.0 to 3.0, and then steamed for 8 hours at a temperature of 80 ° C. The steamed ginseng was dried at a temperature of 60 ° C. for 8 hours to prepare black ginseng.

The process conditions of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are summarized in Table 1 below.

division Inflation pressure (kgf / cm ²⁾ Types of acid-treated aqueous solutions pH Steaming conditions Example 1 2.5 Plum mountain 2.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Example 2 2,5 Plum mountain 3.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Example 3 2.5 Lemon acid 2.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Example 4 2.5 Lemon acid 3.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Example 5 2.5 Plum acid: Lemon acid = 1: 1 2.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Comparative Example 1 2.5 Citric acid 2.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Comparative Example 2 2.5 Apple 2.0 80 ℃ 8 hours Comparative Example 3 2.5 Ascorbic acid 2.0 80 ℃ 8 hours

Comparative example  1 to 3.

Black ginseng was prepared in the same manner as in the above example, except that an acid aqueous solution selected from citric acid, malic acid, and ascorbic acid was used in place of plum acid or lemon acid.

Experimental Example 1. Ginsenoside content analysis

Ginsenoside components were measured on black ginseng prepared by the methods of Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

Specifically, 1 g of black ginseng powder prepared in each Example and Comparative Example was added to a 100 ml methanol solvent, and extracted by ultrasonic extraction at 50 ° C. for 15 minutes. The supernatant was filtered and the filtrate was repeatedly extracted twice in the same manner as above to collect the supernatant obtained by extraction three times, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dissolved in 5 ml of distilled water. The sample concentrate was loaded into a cartridge previously activated with 2 ml of methanol and 5 ml of distilled water, washed with 5 ml of distilled water and 5 ml of 30% methanol, and then the ginsenoside component was recovered with 2 ml of methanol. The recovered ginsenoside component was filtered through a 0.45 μm filter and analyzed by HPLC. At this time, dried ginseng over 4 years old was used as a control example. Specific HPLC analysis conditions are summarized in Table 2 below.

Ginsenosides (Rf, Rh1, Rh2, Rc, Rb2, Rb3, Rd, F2, Rg3, PPT, K) for the black ginseng powders prepared in Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Example 1 analyzed through the above analysis conditions , Rh2, Rk1) are shown in Table 3 below.

division Ginsenoside content (mg / g) Example 1 Example 2 Comparative Example 1 Leaf extract Root extract Leaf extract Root extract Leaf extract Root extract Rf 0.00 0.64 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.67 Rh 1 (S) 1.77 0.84 1.75 0.83 1.25 0.71 Rh 2 (S) 3.49 1.16 3.44 1.12 3.00 1.03 Rg 2 (R) 2.43 0.64 2.39 0.64 2.21 0.62 Rh 1 (R) 1.36 0.41 1.33 0.40 1.38 0.42 Rb 1 0.00 3.11 0.00 3.01 0.00 ２.99 Rc 0.00 1.58 0.00 1.57 0.00 1.62 Rb 2 0.20 1.99 0.20 1.93 0.18 1.79 Rb 3 0.08 0.30 0.08 0.30 0.09 0.32 Rd 0.93 0.98 0.93 0.98 0.95 0.98 F 2 3.83 3.56 3.65 3.29 3.32 3.24 Rg 3 (S) 1.87 1.78 1.86 1.74 1.79 1.65 Rg 3 (R) 1.43 1.36 1.33 1.06 1.23 1.11 PPT (S) 0.68 0.00 0.66 0.00 0.70 0.00 PPT (R) 1.53 0.00 1.50 0.00 1.55 0.00 K 0.13 2.34 0.13 2.23 0.12 2.35 Rh 2 (S) 2.13 0.00 2.09 0.00 2.22 0.00 Rh 2 (R) 1.02 0.00 1.00 0.00 0.97 0.00 RK1 0 2.45 0 2.41 0 2.04 system 22.88 23.14 22.34 22.12 20.96 21.54

As can be seen from Table 3, the ginsenosides (Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3, Rk1) of black ginseng prepared in Examples 1 to 2 according to the present invention are compared to Comparative Example 1 Overall increase results are shown. In particular, in the case of low molecular ginsenoside F2, it can be seen that the content increased by about 10% compared to Comparative Example 1.

In addition, through comparison of Example 1 and Example 2, when using a 2.0 aqueous solution of plum acid than the aqueous solution of plum acid of pH 3.0, it can be confirmed that the content of ginsenoside is increased.

Experimental Example 2. Analysis of benzopyrene content

In order to confirm the content of benzopyrene, which is a harmful component produced during the manufacturing process of black ginseng, the content of benzopyrene of black ginseng produced by the manufacturing methods of Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention was measured. Specific measurement conditions are shown in Table 4 below.

The specific measuring method is as follows. 5 g of black ginseng powder was added to 100 ml of distilled water and ultrasonic extraction was performed at 50 ° C for 90 minutes. To this, 100 ml of nucleic acid and 1 ml of an internal standard solution (acetonitrile solution of 3-methylcholantran (50 μg / L)) were added and ultrasonically extracted for 30 minutes, and then the nucleic acid layer was taken in a separatory funnel. After the water layer was shaken twice with 50 ml of nucleic acid, the nucleic acid layer was combined with a separator, and the combined nucleic acid layer was washed with 50 ml of distilled water. The nucleic acid layer was dehydrated using a filter paper containing anhydrous sodium sulfate and then concentrated under reduced pressure (about 700 mbar) in a water bath at 45 ° C. until it became about 2 ml of nucleic acid. The Florisil cartridge was used after 10 ml of dichloromethane and 20 ml of nucleic acid were sequentially activated by flowing at a rate of 2-3 drops per second. 20 ml of nucleic acid and dichloromethane mixture (3: 1) were eluted at a rate of 2-3 drops per second by putting the above extraction solution in the activated cartridge. The eluted solution was blown under nitrogen gas in a water bath below 35 ° C., and the residue was dissolved in 1 ml of acetonitrile, filtered through a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.45 μm or less to obtain a sample solution. Separately, the appropriate amounts of benzopyrene standard and 3-methylcholenrene standard were precisely weighed and dissolved in acetonitrile to prepare a standard stock solution and an internal standard stock solution containing 1 µg per ml. 10 μl of the sample solution and the standard solution were analyzed by HPLC, and the results are shown in Table 5 below.

division Benzopyrene content (PPb) Example 1 0.41 Example 2 0.44 Example 3 0.43 Example 4 0.45 Example 5 0.42

As can be seen in Table 5, it can be seen that the benzopyrene content of black ginseng prepared by the production methods of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention was significantly reduced than the reference value (2.0 ppb) or less.

So far, the present invention has been focused on the preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains will understand that the present invention can be implemented in a modified form without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention.

Claims (15)

a) drying ginseng;
b) swelling the dried ginseng;
c) immersing the swollen ginseng in an aqueous acid solution selected from the group consisting of an aqueous lemon acid solution, an aqueous plum acid solution and a mixed aqueous solution thereof;
d) steaming the immersed ginseng; And
e) comprising the step of drying the steamed ginseng, the production of benzopyrene is reduced, the content of ginsenosides Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 increased black ginseng production method.
According to claim 1,
The a) step is a method of producing black ginseng that is performed for 10 to 18 hours at a temperature of 40 to 60 ℃.
According to claim 1,
The step b) is a method of producing black ginseng that is performed at a pressure of 2.0 to 3.0 kgf / cm ² .
According to claim 1,
The acid aqueous solution is a method of producing black ginseng that satisfies the range of pH 2.0 to 4.0.
According to claim 1,
The lemon acid aqueous solution is a method of producing black ginseng, which is a mixture of lemon extract and distilled water in a ratio of 4: 6 to 6: 4.
According to claim 1,
The aqueous solution of plum acid is a method of producing black ginseng, which is a mixture of plum extract and distilled water in a ratio of 4: 6 to 6: 4.
According to claim 1,
The acid aqueous solution is a method of producing black ginseng in which the aqueous solution of lemon acid and the aqueous solution of plum acid are mixed in a ratio of 1: 3 to 3: 1.
The method of claim 5 to 7,
The aqueous solution is a method of producing black ginseng that satisfies the pH 2.0 to 2.5.
According to claim 1,
The d) step is a method of producing black ginseng that is performed for 6 to 10 hours at a temperature of 70 ~ 90 ℃.
According to claim 1,
The d) step is a method of producing black ginseng that is performed for 8 hours at a temperature of 70 ~ 90 ℃.
According to claim 1,
The e) step is a method of producing black ginseng that is performed at a temperature of 50 ~ 70 ℃.
According to claim 1,
The benzopyrene is a production method of black ginseng that is produced in an amount of 0.5 ppb or less.
Black ginseng prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 12.
The black ginseng of claim 13 is a black ginseng having an increased content of Rh1, Rh2, Rg2, Rb1, Rb2, F2, Rg3 and Rk1 among ginsenosides.
The black ginseng of claim 13 is a black ginseng containing less than 0.5 ppb benzopyrene.