KR20200009348A - Boil-off gas treatment system of liquid hydrogen storage tank for ship - Google Patents

Boil-off gas treatment system of liquid hydrogen storage tank for ship Download PDF

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KR20200009348A
KR20200009348A KR1020180083589A KR20180083589A KR20200009348A KR 20200009348 A KR20200009348 A KR 20200009348A KR 1020180083589 A KR1020180083589 A KR 1020180083589A KR 20180083589 A KR20180083589 A KR 20180083589A KR 20200009348 A KR20200009348 A KR 20200009348A
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storage tank
liquefied hydrogen
hydrogen storage
boil
gas
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KR102473949B1 (en
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이성재
김상명
권혁
안수경
이재봉
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
    • F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04208—Cartridges, cryogenic media or cryogenic reservoirs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
    • H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H2021/003—Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the power plant using fuel cells for energy supply or accumulation, e.g. for buffering photovoltaic energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/031—Treating the boil-off by discharge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/50—Measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions related to the propulsion system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Abstract

Disclosed is a boil-off gas treatment system of a liquefied hydrogen storage tank for a ship which can efficiently use and store boil-off gas. According to the present invention, the boil-off gas treatment system of a liquefied hydrogen storage tank for a ship comprises: a liquefied hydrogen storage tank to store liquefied hydrogen therein; an LNG storage tank to store LNG therein; and a boil-off gas treatment apparatus to treat liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas created in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and LNG boil-off gas created in the LNG storage tank. The boil-off gas treatment apparatus includes: a heat exchanger to receive the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas and the LNG boil-off gas to exchange heat therebetween; and a hydrogen occlusion tank which is filled with a hydrogen occlusion alloy and receives the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas passing through the heat exchanger to store the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas. The liquefied hydrogen storage tank is a spherical or a cylindrical storage tank. The heat exchanger and the hydrogen occlusion tank are arranged in an empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the floor surface of a hull.

Description

선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템 {BOIL-OFF GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM OF LIQUID HYDROGEN STORAGE TANK FOR SHIP}Evaporative gas treatment system for marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank {BOIL-OFF GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM OF LIQUID HYDROGEN STORAGE TANK FOR SHIP}

본 발명은 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 액화천연가스(이하, LNG)의 증발가스를 재액화시키는 냉열원으로 사용한 후 수소흡장탱크에 저장시킴으로써, 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 효율적으로 이용하는 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an evaporation gas treatment system of a marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank, and more particularly, after using the evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank as a cold heat source for reliquefaction of the liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as LNG). The present invention relates to an evaporation gas treatment system for a marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank that efficiently uses evaporated gas generated in a liquefied hydrogen storage tank by storing in a hydrogen storage tank.

최근들어 급속한 산업화의 발달 및 인구의 증가로 인해 에너지 수요가 지속적으로 증가하고 있고, 이에 따라 화석 연료의 고갈에 따른 대체 에너지 수급이 절실한 상황이며, 특히 우리나라의 경우에는 에너지 소비량이 세계 10위 안에 들 정도로 많은 양을 소비하고 있으면서도 사용하는 에너지의 90% 이상을 외국의 수입에 의존하고 있는 실정인 만큼 에너지 확보 대책이 시급하다.Recently, due to the rapid development of industrialization and the increase of population, energy demand is continuously increasing, and as a result, the supply and demand of alternative energy due to the depletion of fossil fuel is urgent, especially in Korea, energy consumption is ranked in the top 10 in the world. Energy consumption measures are urgent as it consumes a large amount and relies on foreign imports for more than 90% of the energy used.

이에 전 세계적으로 직면하고 있는 복잡한 에너지 문제들을 해결하기 위해 주목을 받고 있는 대체 에너지로 수소연료가 꼽히고 있다.Hydrogen fuel is being regarded as an alternative energy that is drawing attention to solve the complex energy problems facing the world.

이러한 수소연료는 지구상에서 탄소와 질소 다음으로 가장 풍부한 원소일 뿐만 아니라, 연소시에 극히 미량의 질소산화물만을 생성시킬 뿐 다른 공해물질은 전혀 배출하지 않는 깨끗한 에너지원이고, 지구상에 존재하는 풍부한 양의 물을 원료로 하여 만들어낼 수 있으며, 사용후에도 다시 물로 재순환되기 때문에 고갈의 우려가 없는 최적의 대체 에너지원이라 할 수 있다.Hydrogen fuel is not only the most abundant element on earth after carbon and nitrogen, but also a clean energy source that produces only a very small amount of nitrogen oxides during combustion and emits no other pollutants. It can be made from water as a raw material, and is recycled back into water after use, so it is an optimal alternative energy source without any risk of exhaustion.

이러한 수소연료를 이용하기 위한 가장 중요한 과제는 수소의 저장방법이다. 수소의 저장방법으로는 수소 기체를 압축시켜 저장하는 방법, 액화시켜 저장하는 방법, 또는 수소저장합금을 이용한 저장방법 등이 알려져 있다.The most important task for using this hydrogen fuel is the storage method of hydrogen. As a storage method of hydrogen, a method of compressing and storing hydrogen gas, a method of liquefying and storing, a storage method using a hydrogen storage alloy, and the like are known.

향후 수소 시장이 성장함에 따라 선박에 의한 수소의 대규모 운송이 이루어질 수 있으며, 상기의 방법 중 수소를 액화시켜 저장하는 방법이 수소의 대규모 저장 및 장거리 운송에 적합한 기술로 인식되고 있다.As the hydrogen market grows in the future, large-scale transportation of hydrogen by ships can be achieved, and the method of liquefying and storing hydrogen among the above methods is recognized as a technology suitable for large-scale storage and long-distance transportation of hydrogen.

현재 액화된 수소를 저장하는 액화수소(LH2) 저장탱크에 대한 기술은 육상용 소형 탱크에 대한 것이 대부분이다. 선박에 의한 액화수소의 저장 및 운송기술에 대해서는 아직 실증된 사례가 없으며, 기존의 LNG 저장탱크의 구조를 그대로 채용하거나 또는 약간 변형하여 이용하는 것이 대부분이다.Currently, the technology for liquefied hydrogen (LH 2 ) storage tanks storing liquefied hydrogen is mostly for small tanks on land. There is no proven case for the technology of storage and transportation of liquefied hydrogen by ship, and most of them adopt the structure of the existing LNG storage tank or use it with a slight modification.

그러나 액화수소는 LNG에 비하여 더 저온의 유체이므로, 기존에 알려진 LNG의 저장기술보다 더 엄격한 해결책이 필요하다.However, liquefied hydrogen is a lower temperature fluid than LNG, so a more stringent solution is needed than the known LNG storage technology.

액화수소는 액화온도가 -253℃로 극저온의 LNG(-162℃)보다 더 낮은 액화 온도를 가지는 저비점 특성을 가지므로 LNG보다 기화가 더 쉽게 촉진되며, 체적당 증발률(BOR: Boil-Off Rate)은 LNG의 10배에 달한다.Liquefied hydrogen has a low boiling point characteristic with a liquefaction temperature lower than that of cryogenic LNG (-162 ℃) with a liquefaction temperature of -253 ℃, so that vaporization is more easily promoted than LNG, and a boil-off rate (BOR) ) Is 10 times that of LNG.

액화수소의 이러한 성질 때문에 저장탱크 내에서 발생하는 증발가스(BOG: Boil-Off Gas)에 의한 저장탱크 내 압력 증가 문제가 LNG의 경우보다 훨씬 심각하다.Due to this nature of liquefied hydrogen, the problem of pressure increase in storage tanks by boil-off gas (BOG) generated in storage tanks is much more serious than in LNG.

저장탱크 내 압력 증가를 방치하면 폭발의 위험으로 이어질 수 있기 때문에, 저장탱크 내에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리해줄 필요가 있다. 이러한 해결 방법으로 증발가스를 재액화시키거나 천연가스를 연료로 사용하는 엔진의 연료로 소모시키는 방법을 생각해볼 수 있을 것이다.It is necessary to treat the boil-off gas generated in the storage tank because the pressure increase in the storage tank can lead to the risk of explosion. One solution to this is to reliquefy the boil-off gas or consume it as fuel in engines that use natural gas as fuel.

그러나 수소는 비점이 낮아 LNG보다 재액화시키는 것이 어렵고, 발생하는 증발가스의 양이 엔진에서 요구하는 양에 비하여 훨씬 방대하므로, 많은 양의 증발가스가 폐기될 수 밖에 없으며, 이는 수소 에너지원의 막대한 손실을 야기한다.However, since hydrogen has a low boiling point, it is difficult to reliquefy than LNG, and the amount of generated boil-off gas is much larger than that required by the engine, so a large amount of boil-off gas has to be discarded, which is a huge loss of hydrogen energy source. Cause.

한편, 수소흡장합금을 이용하여 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 저장하는 방법이 제안되기는 하였으나, 수소흡장합금의 경우 저온에서의 수소 흡장율이 나쁘기 때문에 극저온의 액화수소 증발가스를 효율적으로 흡장하는데 한계가 있다.On the other hand, although a method of storing the evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank by using the hydrogen storage alloy has been proposed, the hydrogen storage alloy has a very low hydrogen storage rate at low temperatures, so the efficient storage of the cryogenic liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas There is a limit to this.

본 발명이 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는, 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 무의미하게 폐기하지 않고 효율적으로 활용 및 저장하는 것이 가능한 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템을 제공하는 것이다.The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an evaporation gas treatment system of a marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank capable of efficiently utilizing and storing the evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank without meaningless disposal.

상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 내측에 액화수소가 저장되는 액화수소 저장탱크; 내측에 LNG가 저장되는 LNG 저장탱크; 및 상기 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 액화수소 증발가스와 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 LNG 증발가스를 처리하는 증발가스 처리장치;를 포함하고, 상기 증발가스 처리장치는, 상기 액화수소 증발가스와 상기 LNG 증발가스를 공급받아 서로 열교환시키는 열교환기; 및 내측에 수소흡장합금이 채워지며, 상기 열교환기를 거친 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 공급받아 저장하는 수소흡장탱크;를 포함하되, 상기 액화수소 저장탱크는 구형 또는 실린더형 타입의 저장탱크로 마련되고, 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 상기 열교환기 및 상기 수소흡장탱크가 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, a liquefied hydrogen storage tank in which liquefied hydrogen is stored; LNG storage tank in which LNG is stored inside; And an evaporative gas treatment device for treating liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and LNG evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank. The evaporated gas treating apparatus includes the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas and the A heat exchanger that receives LNG boil-off gas and exchanges heat with each other; And a hydrogen storage tank filled with a hydrogen storage alloy and receiving and storing the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger, wherein the liquefied hydrogen storage tank is provided as a storage tank of a spherical or cylindrical type. The heat exchanger and the hydrogen storage tank is disposed in the empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull, provides an evaporation gas treatment system of the marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank.

본 발명은 상기 열교환기를 거친 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 연료로 공급받는 수소 연료전지;를 더 포함하고, 상기 수소 연료전지는 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 배치될 수 있다.The present invention further includes a hydrogen fuel cell for supplying the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas as fuel through the heat exchanger, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell is disposed in an empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull. Can be.

상기 증발가스 처리장치는, 고압용기로 마련되며 상기 열교환기를 거친 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 압축하여 저장하는 압축탱크;를 더 포함하고, 상기 압축탱크는 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 배치될 수 있다.The apparatus for treating boil-off gas further includes a compression tank provided with a high-pressure container for compressing and storing the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas passed through the heat exchanger, wherein the compression tank is disposed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull. It may be disposed in the empty space to be formed.

상기 증발가스 처리장치는, 상기 압축탱크의 전단에 마련되어 상기 압축탱크로 공급되는 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 압축시키는 압축기;를 더 포함하고, 상기 압축기는 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 배치될 수 있다.The apparatus for treating boil-off gas further includes a compressor provided at a front end of the compression tank to compress the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas supplied to the compression tank, wherein the compressor is disposed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull. It may be disposed in the empty space to be formed.

본 발명은 선박에 액화수소 저장탱크와 LNG 저장탱크를 각각 구비하여 함께 운용하되, 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스를 재액화시키는 냉열원으로 사용한 후, 수소흡장탱크, 압축탱크 등에 저장하거나 각종 수요처에서 소비되도록 함으로써, 액화수소 증발가스를 효율적으로 활용 및 저장하는 것이 가능하고, 이에 따라 버려지는 액화수소 증발가스의 양을 현저하게 줄이는 효과가 있다.The present invention is provided with a liquefied hydrogen storage tank and an LNG storage tank on the ship, respectively operating together, using the evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank as a cold heat source for reliquefying the evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank, hydrogen storage By storing in tanks, compression tanks, etc. or consumed in various demands, it is possible to efficiently utilize and store the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas, thereby reducing the amount of liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas is significantly reduced.

또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스는 LNG 증발가스와의 열교환에 온도가 상승된 후 수소흡장탱크에 저장되므로, 수소흡장탱크의 수소 흡장율을 향상시키는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, since the evaporation gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank is stored in the hydrogen storage tank after the temperature is increased in heat exchange with the LNG evaporation gas, there is an effect of improving the hydrogen storage rate of the hydrogen storage tank.

또한, 본 발명에 따르면, LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 증발가스는 액화수소 증발가스와의 열교환에 의해 재액화될 수 있으므로, LNG 증발가스의 재액화를 위한 별도의 장치가 필요없다.In addition, according to the present invention, since the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank can be re-liquefied by heat exchange with the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas, there is no need for a separate device for the re-liquefaction of the LNG boil-off gas.

더불어, 본 발명은 액화수소 저장탱크를 구형 또는 실린더형 타입으로 마련하고, 이러한 저장탱크의 형태에 의하여 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 열교환기, 수소흡장탱크, 압축탱크 및 수소 연료전지 등의 구성을 배치함으로써 공간 활용도를 높이는 효과가 있다.In addition, the present invention provides a liquefied hydrogen storage tank of the spherical or cylindrical type, the heat exchanger, hydrogen storage tank, compression in the empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull by the shape of this storage tank By arranging a tank and a hydrogen fuel cell, there is an effect of increasing space utilization.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.
도 2는 본 발명에 따른 액화수소 저장탱크의 단열구조를 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a view schematically showing a boil-off gas treatment system of a marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank according to the present invention.
2 is a view schematically showing an insulating structure of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank according to the present invention.

본 발명과 본 발명의 동작상의 이점 및 본 발명의 실시에 의하여 달성되는 목적을 충분히 이해하기 위해서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 예시하는 첨부 도면 및 첨부 도면에 기재된 내용을 참조하여야만 한다.In order to fully understand the present invention, the operational advantages of the present invention, and the objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described in the accompanying drawings.

이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시 예를 설명함으로써, 본 발명을 상세히 설명한다. 각 도면에 제시된 동일한 참조부호는 동일한 부재를 나타낸다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals in the drawings denote like elements.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면이다.1 is a view schematically showing a boil-off gas treatment system of a marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank according to the present invention.

도 1을 참조하면, 본 발명에 따른 선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템은, 내측에 액화수소(LH2)가 저장되는 액화수소 저장탱크(100); 내측에 LNG가 저장되는 LNG 저장탱크(200); 및 액화수소 저장탱크(100)와 LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 처리하는 증발가스 처리장치(300);를 포함한다.Referring to FIG. 1, an evaporation gas treatment system of a marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank according to the present invention includes a liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 in which liquefied hydrogen LH 2 is stored; LNG storage tank 200 in which LNG is stored inside; It includes; and the boil-off gas treatment apparatus 300 for processing the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and LNG storage tank 200.

본 발명은 액화수소와 LNG의 비점이 서로 다른 특징을 이용하는 것으로, 선박에 액화수소 저장탱크(100)와 LNG 저장탱크(200)를 각각 구비하고, 액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 재액화시키는 냉열원으로 이용하는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention utilizes different characteristics of boiling points of liquefied hydrogen and LNG, each having a liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and the LNG storage tank 200 on the vessel, the evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 It characterized in that it is used as a cold heat source for reliquefying the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank 200.

증발가스 처리장치(300)는, 액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생하는 증발가스와 LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 열교환시키는 열교환기(310); 및 열교환기(310)에서 열교환을 마친 액화수소 증발가스가 저장되는 수소흡장탱크(320);를 포함한다. The boil-off gas treatment apparatus 300 includes a heat exchanger 310 for heat-exchanging boil-off gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank 200; And a hydrogen storage tank 320 in which the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas which has completed heat exchange in the heat exchanger 310 is stored.

액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생하는 증발가스(이하, '액화수소 증발가스')는 제1 라인(L1)을 통해 열교환기(310)로 공급되고, LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생하는 증발가스(이하, 'LNG 증발가스')는 제2 라인(L2)을 통해 열교환기(310)로 공급된다.Evaporated gas generated from the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 (hereinafter referred to as `` liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas '') is supplied to the heat exchanger 310 through the first line (L1), the evaporation generated in the LNG storage tank 200 Gas (hereinafter, 'LNG evaporated gas') is supplied to the heat exchanger 310 through the second line L2.

액화수소 증발가스가 LNG 증발가스보다 상대적으로 더 저온이므로, LNG 증발가스는 액화수소 증발가스와의 열교환에 의해 냉각되어 재액화된다.Since the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas is relatively lower than the LNG boil-off gas, the LNG boil-off gas is cooled and reliquefied by heat exchange with the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas.

열교환기(310)에서 액화수소 증발가스와의 열교환에 의해 재액화된 LNG 증발가스는 제2 라인(L2)을 통해 다시 LNG 저장탱크(100)로 복귀한다.The LNG boil-off gas re-liquefied by heat exchange with the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas in the heat exchanger 310 is returned to the LNG storage tank 100 again through the second line (L2).

열교환기(310)를 거친 액화수소 증발가스는 수소흡장탱크(320)에 저장되거나 또는 선박 내에서 수소를 필요로 하는 각종 수요처(400)로 공급될 수 있다.The liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger 310 may be stored in the hydrogen storage tank 320 or supplied to various demand sources 400 requiring hydrogen in the vessel.

수소흡장탱크(320)의 내측에는 수소흡장합금(hydrogen absorbing alloy) 또는 탄소계 수소흡장재료가 채워질 수 있다. 수소흡장합금은 수소를 가역적으로 신속하게 흡수하여 저장하며, 일반적으로 실온 부근에서 발열을 수반하여 수소를 흡수하고 가열하면 방출한다. 대표적으로는 LaNi5, LaNi4Al, TiFe, Mg2Ni 등이 있다.The hydrogen absorbing tank 320 may be filled with a hydrogen absorbing alloy or a carbon-based hydrogen absorbing material. The hydrogen storage alloy absorbs and stores hydrogen reversibly and rapidly, and is generally released when the hydrogen is absorbed and heated with heat generation around room temperature. Representative examples include LaNi 5 , LaNi 4 Al, TiFe, Mg 2 Ni, and the like.

상술한 바와 같이 수소흡장합금은 저온에서의 수소 흡장율이 좋지 않다. 그런데 액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 막 발생한 액화수소 증발가스는 여전히 비점(沸點) 근처의 극저온의 온도를 가지고 있으므로, 이를 바로 수소흡장합금에 흡장시키는 것은 효율이 매우 떨어진다.As described above, the hydrogen storage alloy has a poor hydrogen storage rate at low temperatures. However, since the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas just generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 still has a cryogenic temperature near the boiling point, it is very inefficient to occlude it in the hydrogen storage alloy.

따라서 본 발명에서는 액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생한 액화수소 증발가스를, 1차적으로 LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생한 증발가스를 재액화시키는 냉열원으로 사용하여 액화수소 증발가스의 온도를 상승시킨 이후에, 이를 수소흡장탱크(320)에 공급하여 저장함으로써 수소의 흡장 효율을 향상시키는 것이다.Therefore, in the present invention, after the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 is used as a cold heat source for reliquefying the evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank 200, the temperature of the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas is increased after In order to improve the storage efficiency of hydrogen by supplying it to the hydrogen storage tank 320 and storing it.

액화수소 증발가스의 흡장률을 더욱 향상시키기 위해 수소흡장탱크(320)의 전단에 별도의 히터 또는 열교환기가 더 설치될 수도 있다. 상술한 열교환기(310)와 구분하기 위하여 별도로 설치되는 열교환기를 제2 열교환기(미도시)라 한다.A separate heater or heat exchanger may be further installed at the front end of the hydrogen storage tank 320 to further improve the storage rate of the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas. A heat exchanger that is separately installed to distinguish it from the heat exchanger 310 described above is called a second heat exchanger (not shown).

열교환기(310)를 거친 액화수소 증발가스는, 수소흡장탱크(320)에 저장되기 전에 제2 열교환기(미도시)를 거치면서 선박에 구비되는 발전기, 선실 공조기 또는 연료전지 등을 냉각시키는 냉열원으로 사용될 수 있으며, 이에 따라 온도가 추가적으로 상승된 후 수소흡장탱크(320)로 공급될 수 있다.The liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger 310 is cooled to cool a generator, a cabin air conditioner or a fuel cell provided in the ship while passing through a second heat exchanger (not shown) before being stored in the hydrogen storage tank 320. It may be used as a circle, and thus may be supplied to the hydrogen storage tank 320 after the temperature is further raised.

수요처(400)는 증발가스를 연료로 공급받아 구동되는 엔진일 수 있다. 이러한 엔진은 DFDG(Dual Fuel Diesel Generator), DFDE(Dual Fual Diesel Electric)과 같은 이중연료엔진(DF 엔진), 또는 고압가스 분사엔진인 ME-GI 엔진일 수 있다. 즉, 본 발명은 메인 추진장치로서 DF 엔진 또는 ME-GI 엔진을 구비하는 선박에 바람직하게 적용될 수 있다.The demand source 400 may be an engine driven by receiving boil-off gas as fuel. Such an engine may be a dual fuel engine (DFDG), a dual fuel engine (DF engine) such as a dual fual diesel electric (DFDE), or a ME-GI engine that is a high pressure gas injection engine. That is, the present invention can be preferably applied to a ship having a DF engine or a ME-GI engine as a main propulsion device.

액화수소 증발가스는 상기의 엔진으로 공급되기 전에 압축기(compressor) 등에 의해 엔진이 요구하는 압력으로 가압될 수 있다.The liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas may be pressurized to a pressure required by the engine by a compressor or the like before being supplied to the engine.

또한, 수요처(400)는 수소를 연료로 사용하는 수소 연료전지(hydrogen fuel cell)를 포함할 수 있다. 이때 액화수소 증발가스는 수소 연료전지의 애노드(anode)로 공급되어 연료전지의 연료로 소모된다.In addition, the demand source 400 may include a hydrogen fuel cell using hydrogen as a fuel. At this time, the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas is supplied to the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell and consumed as fuel of the fuel cell.

증발가스 처리장치(300)는, 열교환기(310)에서 열교환을 마친 액화수소 증발가스가 저장되는 압축탱크(330);를 더 포함할 수 있다.The boil-off gas treatment apparatus 300 may further include a compression tank 330 in which the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas is heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger 310.

액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생하는 증발가스가, 수소흡장탱크(320)의 용량과 수요처(400)에서 필요로 하는 양을 초과하는 경우, 초과분을 어큐뮬레이터(accumulator) 또는 압축기(311)로 압축하여 압축탱크(330)에 저장시킬 수 있다. 압축탱크(330)는 고압용기로 제작될 수 있다.When the boil-off gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 exceeds the capacity of the hydrogen storage tank 320 and the amount required by the demand source 400, the excess is compressed by an accumulator or a compressor 311. It can be stored in the compression tank 330. The compression tank 330 may be manufactured in a high pressure vessel.

수소흡장탱크(320) 및 압축탱크(330)에 저장된 수소는, 필요시 상술한 선박 내 각종 수요처(400)로 공급되어 사용될 수 있다.The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage tank 320 and the compression tank 330 may be supplied and used to the various demand destination 400 in the vessel as needed.

본 발명에서 액화수소 저장탱크(100)는 내측에 저장되는 액화수소의 내부압력이 고르게 분포될 수 있도록 구형 또는 실린더형 타입으로 마련되는 것이 바람직하다. 액화수소 저장탱크(100)는 액화수소의 저비점 특성으로 인하여 높은 압력에도 견딜 수 있도록 설계되어야 하기 때문이다.In the present invention, the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 is preferably provided in a spherical or cylindrical type so that the internal pressure of the liquefied hydrogen is stored evenly. This is because the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 should be designed to withstand high pressure due to the low boiling point characteristics of liquefied hydrogen.

이렇게 액화수소 저장탱크(100)가 구형 또는 실린더형 타입으로 마련되면, 탱크의 형태에 의하여 액화수소 저장탱크(100)와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 빈 공간(도 2에서 A로 표시된 부분)이 형성된다.When the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 is provided in a spherical or cylindrical type, an empty space (part indicated by A in FIG. 2) is formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and the bottom surface of the hull by the shape of the tank. do.

본 발명에서는 이러한 빈 공간(A)에 상술한 열교환기(310), 수소흡장탱크(320), 압축탱크(330), 압축기(331) 및 수소 연료전지 등의 구성을 배치하여, 선박 내 공간 활용도를 극대화할 수 있다.In the present invention, the configuration of the heat exchanger 310, the hydrogen storage tank 320, the compression tank 330, the compressor 331, and the hydrogen fuel cell described above in the empty space (A), the space utilization in the ship Can be maximized.

한편, 액화수소 저장탱크(100)는 액화수소의 저비점 특성때문에 LNG 저장탱크(200)보다 더 엄격한 단열성능을 요한다. 이를 위하여 본 발명은 단열성능이 더 향상된 액화수소 저장탱크(100)를 제공하며, 이러한 액화수소 저장탱크(100)의 단열구조가 도 2에 도시되어 있다.On the other hand, the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 requires more stringent thermal insulation performance than the LNG storage tank 200 because of the low boiling point characteristics of the liquefied hydrogen. To this end, the present invention provides a liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 with improved thermal insulation performance, the thermal insulation structure of such a liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 is shown in FIG.

도 2를 참조하면, 본 발명의 액화수소 저장탱크(100)는, 내부에 저장되는 액화수소의 극저온 상태를 유지하기 위하여 내벽(110)과 이를 둘러싸는 외벽(120)을 포함하는 이중 구조임을 알 수 있으며, 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이의 공간에 설치되어 열전달을 차단하는 단열부(130);를 포함한다.Referring to Figure 2, the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 of the present invention, to maintain a cryogenic state of the liquefied hydrogen stored therein to have a double structure including an inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 surrounding it. It may be, is installed in the space between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120, the heat insulating portion 130 to block heat transfer.

내벽(110)은 내측에 액화수소가 저장되기 위한 공간이 형성된다.The inner wall 110 has a space for storing liquefied hydrogen inside.

내벽(110)은 액화수소와 직접 접촉하므로 액화수소의 극저온을 견딜 수 있는 저온 특성이 우수한 금속 재질로 이루어져야 한다. 바람직하게는 내벽(110)은 알루미늄(Al) 또는 알루미늄 합금 소재로 제작될 수 있다.Since the inner wall 110 is in direct contact with liquefied hydrogen, the inner wall 110 should be made of a metal material having excellent low temperature characteristics that can withstand the cryogenic temperature of the liquefied hydrogen. Preferably, the inner wall 110 may be made of aluminum (Al) or an aluminum alloy material.

외벽(120)은 내벽(110)에 가해지는 내부압력을 분담함으로써 내벽(110)의 내부압력을 고르게 지지하는 역할을 한다.The outer wall 120 serves to evenly support the inner pressure of the inner wall 110 by sharing the inner pressure applied to the inner wall 110.

외벽(120)은 내벽(110)의 내측으로부터 전달되는 응력 또는 하중을 견디기 위하여 강(steel) 소재로 제작될 수 있다. 외벽(120)은 액화수소를 직접 밀봉하는 내벽(110)과는 달리 일반 강으로 마련되어도 충분하다. 이는 후술하는 바와 같이 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이에 마련되는 단열부(130)에 의하여 액화수소의 극저온이 미치는 영향이 내벽(110)보다는 미미하고, 액화수소가 누출되더라도 스플래시 쉴드(splash shield, 131)에 의해 누출된 액화수소가 선행 차단되기 때문이다.The outer wall 120 may be made of steel to withstand the stress or load transmitted from the inner side of the inner wall 110. The outer wall 120 may be provided as a general steel, unlike the inner wall 110 to directly seal the liquefied hydrogen. This is because the effect of the cryogenic temperature of the liquefied hydrogen is less than the inner wall 110 by the heat insulating portion 130 provided between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 as described below, even if the liquefied hydrogen leaks splash shield (splash) This is because the liquefied hydrogen leaked by the shield 131 is blocked in advance.

단열부(130)는 내벽(110)의 외측을 둘러싸는 스플래시 쉴드(131), 스플래시 쉴드(131)의 외측을 둘러싸는 에어로겔 박막층(132), 에어로겔 박막층(132)와 외벽(120) 사이에 형성되는 진공층(133)을 포함한다. 즉, 스플래시 쉴드(131), 에어로겔 박막층(132) 및 진공층(133)이 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이의 공간에 순차적으로 형성된다.The heat insulation part 130 is formed between the splash shield 131 surrounding the outer side of the inner wall 110, the airgel thin film layer 132 surrounding the outside of the splash shield 131, the airgel thin film layer 132 and the outer wall 120. And a vacuum layer 133 to be formed. That is, the splash shield 131, the airgel thin film layer 132, and the vacuum layer 133 are sequentially formed in the space between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120.

스플래시 쉴드(131)는 내벽(110)의 균열에 의해 액화수소가 누출시 외벽(120)을 보호하는 역할을 한다.The splash shield 131 serves to protect the outer wall 120 when liquefied hydrogen leaks due to the crack of the inner wall 110.

스플래시 쉴드(131)는 내벽(110)으로부터 액화수소가 누출될 시 이를 1차적으로 차단하는 것으로서, 저온에 강도 및 취성이 강한 금속, 예를 들어 스테인리스 강(stainless steel), 알루미늄 또는 알루미늄 합금 등의 재질로 이루어질 수 있다.The splash shield 131 primarily blocks liquefied hydrogen when it leaks from the inner wall 110. The splash shield 131 has a high strength and brittleness at low temperatures, such as stainless steel, aluminum, or an aluminum alloy. It may be made of a material.

스플래시 쉴드(131)는 단면이 파형을 이루도록 연속된 주름부를 포함할 수 있다. 스플래시 쉴드(131)에 형성되는 주름부는 액화수소의 극저온에 의하여 신축함으로써 응력이 집중되는 것을 방지한다. 또한, 주름부는 내벽(110)으로부터 누출된 액화수소가 일시적으로 수용될 수 있는 공간을 제공함으로써, 액화수소의 누출시에도 상당 기간 동안 액화수소의 저장 및 운송이 안정적으로 이루어질 수 있다.The splash shield 131 may include a pleat that is continuous so that the cross section has a waveform. The wrinkled portion formed in the splash shield 131 is stretched by the cryogenic temperature of the liquefied hydrogen to prevent the stress from being concentrated. In addition, the pleats provide a space in which the liquefied hydrogen leaked from the inner wall 110 can be temporarily accommodated, so that the storage and transportation of the liquefied hydrogen can be made stable for a long time even when the liquefied hydrogen leaks.

한편, 스플래시 쉴드(131)에서 후술하는 내벽 지지수단(140)에 의해 지지되는 부분은 안정적으로 지지되기 위하여 평편하게 마련될 수도 있다.On the other hand, the portion supported by the inner wall support means 140 to be described later in the splash shield 131 may be provided flat to be stably supported.

에어로겔 박막층(132)은 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이의 열전달을 차단한다. The airgel thin film layer 132 blocks heat transfer between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120.

에어로겔 박막층(132)은 1 ~ 50㎚ 크기의 나노입자로 이루어진 고다공성 나노구조체인 에어로겔(aerogel)을 박막으로 형성한 것으로써 단열성능이 매우 우수하다. 도 2에는 발명의 설명을 돕기 위해 과장되게 표현하였지만, 에어로겔 박막층(132)은 얇은 두께로 형성되는 것이며, 박막층의 두께는 저장탱크의 용량 등 설치 환경에 따라 적절한 두께로 설계될 수 있다. 또한, 단열성능을 더욱 극대화하기 위하여 탄소를 첨가한 실리카 에어로겔(silica aerogel)로 박막층을 형성할 수도 있다.The airgel thin film layer 132 is formed of a thin film of aerogel (aerogel), which is a highly porous nanostructure composed of nanoparticles having a size of 1 to 50nm, and has excellent thermal insulation performance. 2 is exaggerated to help explain the invention, the airgel thin film layer 132 is formed to a thin thickness, the thickness of the thin film layer may be designed to an appropriate thickness according to the installation environment, such as the capacity of the storage tank. In addition, in order to further maximize the thermal insulation performance, a thin film layer may be formed of silica aerogel containing silica.

진공층(133)은 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이의 전도와 대류에 의한 열전달을 차단한다. The vacuum layer 133 blocks heat transfer by conduction and convection between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120.

진공층(133)에는 심재(core material)로써 펄라이트(perlite)가 충전될 수 있다. 진공층(133)에 펄라이트(perlite)를 충전한 상태에서 진공 배기시켜 진공 분위기를 형성하며, 이때 진공도는 약 10-4 Torr로 형성될 수 있다.The vacuum layer 133 may be filled with perlite as a core material. In a state filled with perlite (perlite), the vacuum layer 133 to vacuum exhaust to form a vacuum atmosphere, wherein the degree of vacuum may be formed of about 10- 4 Torr.

상술한 바와 같이 액화수소 저장탱크(100)와 선체 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간(A)에는, 진공층(133)을 진공 상태로 형성하고 이를 유지하기 위해 진공펌프(P) 및 진공 모니터링 수단(미도시)이 배치될 수 있다.In the empty space A formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and the bottom of the hull as described above, the vacuum pump (P) and the vacuum monitoring means to form and maintain the vacuum layer 133 in a vacuum state (Not shown) may be disposed.

본 발명은 에어로겔 박막층(132)과 진공층(133)에 의해 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이의 열전달을 이중으로 차단함으로써 종래의 LNG 저장탱크에 비하여 단열효과가 매우 향상된다. 따라서 액화수소 저장탱크(100)의 온도 손실을 최대한 줄이고 액화수소의 증발률을 최대한 감소시킬 수 있다. According to the present invention, the heat transfer effect between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 is doubled by the airgel thin film layer 132 and the vacuum layer 133, and the heat insulating effect is greatly improved as compared with the conventional LNG storage tank. Therefore, the temperature loss of the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 can be reduced to the maximum and the evaporation rate of the liquefied hydrogen can be reduced as much as possible.

내벽 지지수단(140)은 내벽(110)과 외벽(120)의 이중구조 사이에 설치되어, 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이의 이격을 유지시키고 내벽(110)의 하중을 지지한다. 내벽 지지수단(140)은 내벽(110)의 저면을 지지하도록 액화수소 저장탱크(100)의 하측에 설치될 수 있다.The inner wall supporting means 140 is installed between the dual structure of the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 to maintain the separation between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 and to support the load of the inner wall 110. The inner wall support means 140 may be installed below the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 to support the bottom surface of the inner wall 110.

이때 저장탱크의 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이를 지지하는 내벽 지지수단(140)에 의해 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이에 열전달이 일어나 저장탱크의 단열성능을 해치는 요인이 될 수 있다.At this time, heat transfer occurs between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 by the inner wall supporting means 140 supporting the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 of the storage tank, which may be a factor that impairs the thermal insulation performance of the storage tank. have.

이를 방지하기 위하여, 본 발명은 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 사이를 지지하는 내벽 지지수단(140)이 자체적으로도 단열성능을 갖추도록 마련함으로써, 내벽 지지수단(140)을 통하여 저장탱크 내측으로 열이 유입되는 것을 효율적으로 차단하고자 한다.In order to prevent this, the present invention is provided by the inner wall support means 140 for supporting between the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 has a heat insulating performance of itself, by the inner wall support means 140 inside the storage tank It is to effectively block the inflow of heat.

내벽 지지수단(140)은 강도가 높고 열전도율이 낮은 플라이우드(plywood)로 이루어지는 프레임(141)과, 프레임(141)의 내부 공간에 마련되는 단열부재(142)를 포함한다.The inner wall supporting means 140 includes a frame 141 made of plywood having high strength and low thermal conductivity, and a heat insulating member 142 provided in an inner space of the frame 141.

프레임(141)을 이루는 플라이우드는 강도가 높아 내벽(110)에 저장되는 액화수소의 하중을 지지할 수 있고, 열전도율이 낮아 외부의 열이 내벽(110)로 전달되는 것을 상당 수준 저감시킬 수 있다. 프레임(141)은 단열부재(142)의 외측에 접착제에 의해 접착 고정될 수 있다.The plywood constituting the frame 141 can support a load of liquefied hydrogen stored in the inner wall 110 due to its high strength, and can significantly reduce the transfer of external heat to the inner wall 110 due to low thermal conductivity. . The frame 141 may be adhesively fixed to the outside of the heat insulating member 142 by an adhesive.

단열부재(142)는 프레임(141)의 내부 공간에서 상측에 배치되는 상부 단열부재(142a)와, 프레임(141)의 내부 공간에서 하측에 배치되는 하부 단열부재(142b)를 포함하는 2단 구성으로 마련될 수 있다. The heat insulating member 142 is a two-stage configuration including an upper heat insulating member 142a disposed above the inner space of the frame 141 and a lower heat insulating member 142b disposed below the inner space of the frame 141. Can be prepared as.

상부 단열부재(142a)는 경질 발포체로 이루어질 수 있으며, 하부 단열부재(142b)재는 내부에 진공단열패널(VIP: Vacuum Insulation Panel)을 포함하는 비발포성 수지로 이루어질 수 있다.The upper insulation member 142a may be made of a rigid foam, and the lower insulation member 142b may be made of a non-foamable resin including a vacuum insulation panel (VIP) therein.

단열재의 소재로 가장 쉽게 사용할 수 있는 것은 폴리우레탄(polyurethane)이므로, 본 발명에서 상부 단열부재(142b)는 경질 폴리우레탄폼(PUF), 하부 단열부재(142b)는 비발포성 폴리우레탄(PU)으로 이루어질 수 있다. 그러나 이에 한정되는 것은 아니며 폴리우레탄 이외에도 적합한 단열성능을 갖는 다양한 단열재가 적용될 수 있다.Since the most easily used as a material of the insulation material is polyurethane (polyurethane), in the present invention, the upper insulation member 142b is a rigid polyurethane foam (PUF), the lower insulation member 142b is a non-foamable polyurethane (PU) Can be done. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition to polyurethane, various heat insulating materials having suitable heat insulating performance may be applied.

하부 단열부재(142b)의 내부에 포함되는 진공단열패널(VIP)은 경질 폴리우레탄폼보다 약 2배 이상의 단열성능을 가지므로, 본 발명과 같이 단열부재(142) 내부에 진공단열패널(VIP)을 포함하도록 구성하면, 단열부재(142)를 경질 폴리우레탄폼으로만 구성하는 것보다 단열성능이 뛰어나다.Since the vacuum insulation panel (VIP) included in the lower insulation member (142b) has a heat insulation performance of about 2 times or more than that of the rigid polyurethane foam, the vacuum insulation panel (VIP) inside the insulation member 142 as in the present invention. When configured to include, the heat insulating member 142 is superior to the heat insulating performance than to configure only with a rigid polyurethane foam.

또한, 하부 단열부재(142b)에 포함되는 진공단열패널(VIP)에 의해, 내벽 지지부재(140)가 설치되는 부위에서도 진공층(133)에 의한 진공단열효과가 중단되지 않고 그대로 이어질 수 있다.In addition, by the vacuum insulation panel (VIP) included in the lower heat insulating member 142b, the vacuum insulation effect by the vacuum layer 133 may be continued without interruption even at the portion where the inner wall supporting member 140 is installed.

경질 폴리우레탄폼으로 이루어지는 상부 단열부재(142a)와 달리 하부 단열부재(142b)를 비발포성 폴리우레탄으로 구성하는 것은, 하부 단열부재(142b)가 내부에 진공단열패널(VIP)을 포함하고 있기 때문이다. 비발포성 폴리우레탄은 설계온도가 발포폼보다는 높지만 진공단열패널(VIP)의 진공도를 반영구적으로 유지시킬 수 있다.Unlike the upper insulating member 142a made of rigid polyurethane foam, the lower insulating member 142b is made of non-foamable polyurethane because the lower insulating member 142b includes a vacuum insulation panel (VIP) therein. to be. Non-foamable polyurethane has a higher design temperature than foam, but can maintain the vacuum degree of the vacuum insulation panel (VIP) semi-permanently.

내벽 지지수단(140)은 외벽(120)과 접하는 하단면에 설치되는 탄성부재(143)를 더 포함할 수 있다. The inner wall support means 140 may further include an elastic member 143 which is installed on the bottom surface in contact with the outer wall 120.

액화수소가 저장되는 내벽(110)은 액화수소의 적하역에 따라 내부의 온도 변화가 크기 때문에 열수축 및 열팽창에 의한 변형이 발생할 수 있다.The inner wall 110 in which liquefied hydrogen is stored may have deformation due to thermal contraction and thermal expansion due to a large temperature change in the loading zone of liquefied hydrogen.

이때 내벽 지지수단(140)이 내벽(110)과 외벽(120)에 고정되어 있다면, 내벽(110)의 수축 또는 팽창에 의해 응력이 발생하여 내벽(110)과 외벽(120) 또는 내벽 지지수단(140)에 크랙(crack)이 발생하거나 파손될 위험이 있다.At this time, if the inner wall support means 140 is fixed to the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120, a stress is generated by the contraction or expansion of the inner wall 110, the inner wall 110 and outer wall 120 or inner wall support means ( There is a risk of cracking or breakage at 140.

탄성부재(143)는 이러한 액화수소의 적하역에 따른 내벽(110)의 신축을 보상한다. 즉, 탄성부재(143)는 내벽(110)의 신축에 따라 압축 및 이완되면서 내벽(110)과 외벽(120)이 서로 안정적으로 지지되도록 한다. The elastic member 143 compensates the expansion and contraction of the inner wall 110 according to the loading zone of the liquefied hydrogen. That is, the elastic member 143 is compressed and relaxed in accordance with the expansion and contraction of the inner wall 110 so that the inner wall 110 and the outer wall 120 is stably supported.

본 발명은 선박에 액화수소 저장탱크(100)와 LNG 저장탱크(200)를 각각 구비하여 함께 운용하되, 액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생하는 증발가스를 재액화시키는 냉열원으로 사용한 후, 이를 수소흡장탱크(320), 압축탱크(330) 등에 저장하거나 각종 수요처(400)에서 소비되도록 함으로써, 액화수소 증발가스를 효율적으로 활용 및 저장하는 것이 가능하고, 이에 따라 버려지는 액화수소 증발가스의 양을 현저하게 줄이는 효과가 있다.The present invention is provided with a liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and the LNG storage tank 200 on the ship, respectively operating together, the evaporation gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 evaporation generated in the LNG storage tank 200 After using the gas as a cold heat source for reliquefaction, by storing it in the hydrogen storage tank 320, compression tank 330 or the like or consumed in various demands 400, it is possible to efficiently utilize and store the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas Therefore, there is an effect of significantly reducing the amount of liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas is discarded.

또한, 본 발명에 따르면, 액화수소 저장탱크(100)에서 발생하는 증발가스는 LNG 증발가스와의 열교환에 온도가 상승된 후 수소흡장탱크(320)에 저장되므로, 수소흡장탱크(320)의 수소 흡장율을 향상시키는 효과가 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, since the evaporation gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 320 after the temperature is increased in heat exchange with the LNG evaporation gas, the hydrogen of the hydrogen storage tank 320 There is an effect of improving the occlusion rate.

더불어, 본 발명에 따르면, LNG 저장탱크(200)에서 발생하는 증발가스는 액화수소 증발가스와의 열교환에 의해 재액화될 수 있으므로, LNG 증발가스의 재액화를 위한 별도의 장치가 필요없다.In addition, according to the present invention, since the boil-off gas generated in the LNG storage tank 200 can be re-liquefied by heat exchange with the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas, there is no need for a separate device for the re-liquefaction of the LNG boil-off gas.

더불어, 본 발명은 액화수소 저장탱크(100)를 구형 또는 실린더형 타입으로 마련하고, 이러한 저장탱크의 형태에 의하여 액화수소 저장탱크(100)와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간(A)에 열교환기(310), 수소흡장탱크(320), 압축탱크(330) 및 수소 연료전지 등의 구성을 배치함으로써 공간 활용도를 높이는 효과가 있다.In addition, the present invention provides a liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 in a spherical or cylindrical type, the empty space (A) formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank 100 and the bottom surface of the hull by the shape of this storage tank. By arranging the heat exchanger 310, the hydrogen storage tank 320, the compression tank 330 and the hydrogen fuel cell in the configuration there is an effect of increasing the space utilization.

이와 같은 본 발명은 기재된 실시 예에 한정되는 것이 아니고, 본 발명의 사상 및 범위를 벗어나지 않고 다양하게 수정 및 변형할 수 있음은 이 기술의 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 자명하다. 따라서 그러한 수정 예 또는 변형 예들은 본 발명의 특허청구범위에 속한다 하여야 할 것이다.Such a present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and those skilled in the art will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Therefore, such modifications or variations will have to be belong to the claims of the present invention.

100 : 액화수소 저장탱크 110 : 내벽
120 : 외벽 130 : 단열부
131 : 스플래시 쉴드 132 : 에어로겔 박막층
133 : 진공층 140 : 내벽 지지수단
141 : 프레임 142 : 단열부재
142a : 상부 단열부재 142b : 하부 단열부재
143 : 탄성부재
200 : LNG 저장탱크
300 : 증발가스 처리장치 310 : 열교환기
320 : 수소흡장탱크 330 : 압축탱크
331 : 압축기
400 : 수요처100: liquefied hydrogen storage tank 110: inner wall
120: outer wall 130: heat insulation
131: splash shield 132: aerogel thin film layer
133: vacuum layer 140: inner wall support means
141: frame 142: insulation member
142a: upper insulation member 142b: lower insulation member
143: elastic member
200: LNG storage tank
300: boil-off gas treatment device 310: heat exchanger
320: hydrogen storage tank 330: compression tank
331: Compressor
400: demand source

Claims (4)

내측에 액화수소가 저장되는 액화수소 저장탱크;
내측에 LNG가 저장되는 LNG 저장탱크; 및
상기 액화수소 저장탱크에서 발생하는 액화수소 증발가스와 상기 LNG 저장탱크에서 발생하는 LNG 증발가스를 처리하는 증발가스 처리장치;를 포함하고,
상기 증발가스 처리장치는,
상기 액화수소 증발가스와 상기 LNG 증발가스를 공급받아 서로 열교환시키는 열교환기; 및
내측에 수소흡장합금이 채워지며, 상기 열교환기를 거친 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 공급받아 저장하는 수소흡장탱크;를 포함하되,
상기 액화수소 저장탱크는 구형 또는 실린더형 타입의 저장탱크로 마련되고, 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 상기 열교환기 및 상기 수소흡장탱크가 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템.
Liquefied hydrogen storage tank in which liquefied hydrogen is stored;
LNG storage tank in which LNG is stored inside; And
And an evaporative gas treatment device for treating the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas generated in the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the LNG evaporated gas generated in the LNG storage tank.
The boil-off gas treatment device,
A heat exchanger receiving the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas and the LNG evaporated gas and exchanging heat with each other; And
A hydrogen storage tank filled with a hydrogen storage alloy and receiving and storing the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas that has passed through the heat exchanger;
The liquefied hydrogen storage tank is provided as a storage tank of the spherical or cylindrical type, the heat exchanger and the hydrogen storage tank is disposed in the empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull. ,
Evaporative gas treatment system for marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank.
청구항 1에 있어서,
상기 열교환기를 거친 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 연료로 공급받는 수소 연료전지;를 더 포함하고,
상기 수소 연료전지는 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템.
The method according to claim 1,
And a hydrogen fuel cell supplied with the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas passing through the heat exchanger as a fuel.
The hydrogen fuel cell is disposed in an empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull,
Evaporative gas treatment system for marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank.
청구항 2에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 처리장치는,
고압용기로 마련되며 상기 열교환기를 거친 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 압축하여 저장하는 압축탱크;를 더 포함하고,
상기 압축탱크는 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템.
The method according to claim 2,
The boil-off gas treatment device,
And a compression tank provided with a high pressure container for compressing and storing the liquefied hydrogen evaporated gas that has passed through the heat exchanger.
The compression tank is disposed in the empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull,
Evaporative gas treatment system for marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank.
청구항 3에 있어서,
상기 증발가스 처리장치는,
상기 압축탱크의 전단에 마련되어 상기 압축탱크로 공급되는 상기 액화수소 증발가스를 압축시키는 압축기;를 더 포함하고,
상기 압축기는 상기 액화수소 저장탱크와 선체의 바닥면 사이에 형성되는 빈 공간에 배치되는 것을 특징으로 하는,
선박용 액화수소 저장탱크의 증발가스 처리시스템.The method according to claim 3,
The boil-off gas treatment device,
A compressor provided at a front end of the compression tank to compress the liquefied hydrogen boil-off gas supplied to the compression tank;
The compressor is characterized in that disposed in the empty space formed between the liquefied hydrogen storage tank and the bottom surface of the hull,
Evaporative gas treatment system for marine liquefied hydrogen storage tank.
KR1020180083589A 2018-07-18 2018-07-18 Boil-off gas treatment system of liquid hydrogen storage tank for ship KR102473949B1 (en)

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KR20220162914A (en) 2021-06-01 2022-12-09 삼성중공업 주식회사 Vessel For Liquefied Hydrogen Transport
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