KR20190143023A - 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(atra)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 및 이의 제조방법 - Google Patents
원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(atra)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 및 이의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D61/145—Ultrafiltration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
도 2는 개발된 다중벽 탄소나노튜브(CNT)가 첨가된 PVDF 용액을 지지체에 캐스팅하여 다공성 나노복합체 한외여과막을 제조하는 방법을 도식화한 도면이다.
도 3은 표면 개질 된 MWCNT의 라만(Raman) 분석 결과이다.
도 4는 표면 개질 된 MWCNT의 열 중량 분석 결과이다.
도 5는 표면 개질을 거침에 따라 MWCNT의 XPS를 분석 결과이다.
도 6 및 7은 제조한 분리막 표면의 접촉각 측정 이미지와 평균값을 보여주는 도면이다.
도 8은 MWCNT의 첨가량을 최적화하기 위하여 첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 MWCNT/PVDF 분리막에 대하여 순수 투과 성능 평가 결과이다.
도 9는 3가지 종류의 일차 아민을 이용하여 제조한 개질된 MWCNT의 첨가량을 0.01wt%로 고정하여 제조한 분리막에 대한 순수 투과 성능 평가 결과이다.
도 10는 ATRA 공정의 적용을 통하여 형성되는 PVDF와 MWCNT 간의 화학적 결합을 확인하기 위하여 제조한 분리막의 FT-IR 분석 그래프이다.
도 11은 PVDF와 MWCNT 간의 화학적 결합의 예상 메카니즘이다.
도 12은 ATRA 공정의 적용이 투과 성능에 가져오는 변화를 확인하기 위하여 투과 성능평가 그래프이다.
도 13는 ATRA 공정을 적용한 분리막에 대한 추가적인 기공 크기 확인을 위하여 보다 작은 용질인 PEO(polyethylene oxide) MW 300K를 같은 농도 1000ppm으로 제작한 용매를 이용하여 측정한 결과이다.
도 14은 ATRA 공정을 적용한 분리막에 대한 추가적인 기공 크기 확인을 위하여 보다 작은 용질인 PEO(polyethylene oxide) MW 200K를 같은 농도 1000ppm으로 제작한 용매를 이용하여 측정한 결과이다.
도 15는 제조한 분리막의 내 오염 성능을 확인하기 위하여 Bovin Serum Albumin solution(BSA, Aldrich, 30%)를 이용한 장기 투과 성능 평가에 대한 그래프이다.
도 16는 장기 투과 성능 평가에 대한 그래프를 수치적으로 평가하기 위하여 막 오염지수 (MFI)로 계산한 결과에 대한 그래프이다.
Sample name | Polymer | Additive | Concentration of additive |
PVDF | PVDF 16wt% |
- | - |
M1 | MWCNT | 0.01 wt% | |
M2 | MWCNT | 0.02 wt% | |
M3 | MWCNT | 0.03 wt% | |
E1 | EA-MWCNT | 0.01 wt% | |
O1 | OA-MWCNT | 0.01 wt% | |
D1 | ODA-MWCNT | 0.01 wt% |
Sample name | Polymer | Additive | Concentration of additive | Catalyst |
AT-P | PVDF 16wt% | - | - | CuCl / DNDP |
AT-M | MWCNT | 0.01 wt% | ||
AT-E | EA-MWCNT | 0.01 wt% | ||
AT-O | OA-MWCNT | 0.01 wt% | ||
AT-D | ODA-MWCNT | 0.01 wt% |
Phase inversion method | |
Support | polyester non-woven fabric |
Knife thickness (㎛) | 250 |
Evaporation time (sec) | 10 |
Coagulation bath temp (℃) | 25 |
Precipitation time (min) | 10 |
Factor | Operation |
Feed solution | D.I. water |
Membrane area [m2] | 0.0014 |
Feed temperature [℃] | 25 |
Pressure [Kgf/cm3] | 1 |
Time [min] | 5 |
Factor | Operation |
Feed solution | PEO 1000ppm |
Membrane area [m2] | 0.0027 |
Feed temperature [℃] | 25 |
Pressure [Kgf/cm3] | 1 |
Flow [L/min] | 2.3 |
Factor | Operation |
Feed solution | BSA 100ppm |
Membrane area [m2] | 0.0027 |
Feed temperature [℃] | 25 |
Pressure [Kgf/cm3] | 1 |
Flow [L/min] | 2.3 |
첨가제 | Blending 공정 (%) | ATRA공정 (%) |
Virgin PVDF | 63 | 73 |
M1 (MWCNT) | 66 | 72 |
E1 (EA-MWCNT) | 72 | 74 |
O1 (OA-MWCNT) | 72 | 74 |
D1 (ODA-MWCNT) | 68 | 67 |
첨가제 | Blending 공정 (LMH) | ATRA 공정 (LMH) |
Virgin PVDF | 837 | 1270 |
M1 (MWCNT) | 1014 | 1492 |
E1 (EA-MWCNT) | 1259 | 2138 |
O1 (OA-MWCNT) | 932 | 1158 |
D1 (ODA-MWCNT) | 696 | 1106 |
Claims (11)
- 캐스팅 용액 및 상기 캐스팅 용액이 지지체 표면에 캐스팅된 다공성 나노복합체를 포함하되,
상기 나노복합체는 개질된 탄소나노튜브(CNT)와 폴리비닐리덴 플루오라이드(Polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF) 고분자 수지가 분산된 용액에서 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(Atom transfer radical addition, ATRA)공정으로 결합된 고분자를 포함하는 것이며,
상기 개질된 탄소나노튜브(CNT)는 표면에 -COCl기와 일차아민기가 반응하여 아마이드결합이 도입된 것에 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 탄소나노튜브(CNT)는 다중벽 탄소나노튜브(Multi-Walled Carbon NanoTube, MWCNT), 단일벽 탄소나노튜브 (Single-Walled Carbon NanoTube, SWCNT)또는 이들 둘 다를 포함하는 것을 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 캐스팅된 다공성 나노복합체의 두께가 200~300㎛ 것에 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막.
- 제1항에 있어서,
상기 지지체는 폴리에스터, 폴리프로필렌 또는 나일론 중 어느 하나의 부직포이며 나노섬유가 포함된 것에 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막.
- (a)탄소나노튜브(CNT)의 표면에 -COCl기를 도입하는 단계;
(b)상기 탄소나노튜브(CNT)의 -COCl기와 일차아민을 반응시켜 아마이드(Amide) 결합시키는 단계;
(c)상기 (b)단계 후 탄소나노튜브(CNT)와 폴리비닐리덴 플로라이드(Polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF)를 N-메틸 피롤리딘(N-Methyl pyrrolidone, NMP)용매에서 초음파 분산시키는 단계;
(D)상기 (C)단계 후 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(Atom transfer radical addition, ATRA)반응시키는 단계;
(E)상기 (D)단계 후 분산된 혼합용매를 다공성 지지체 표면에 200~300㎛ 두께로 캐스팅하여 활성층을 형성시키는 단계를 포함하는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 탄소나노튜브(CNT)는 다중벽 탄소나노튜브 (Multi-Walled Carbon NanoTube, MWCNT), 단일벽 탄소나노튜브 (Single-Walled Carbon NanoTube, SWCNT)또는 이들 둘 다를 포함하는 것을 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 (a)단계는 탄소나노튜브(CNT) 산용액을 이용해 pH 5~6 조건으로 하고 건조시켜 고체화시키는 단계 및 염화티오닐(SOCl2)을 이용해 -COCl기를 도입하는 단계로 구성된 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 (b)단계의 일차아민은 에틸아민(EA), 옥틸아민(OA) 또는 옥타데실아민인(ODA) 것에 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 (C)단계의 탄소나노튜브(CNT)와 폴리비닐리덴 플로라이드(Polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF)는 분산성을 향상시키기 위해 80~120℃에서 10~30시간동안 건조시킨 후 사용하는 것에 특징이 있는원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 (C)단계의 탄소나노튜브(CNT)의 응집을 최소화하고 균일한 분산을 위해 N-메틸 피롤리딘(N-Methyl pyrrolidone, NMP)용매에 상온에서 10~30시간 동안 침지한 후 10~60분 동안 초음파 분산시킨 후 사용하는 것에 특징이 있는 탄소나노튜브가 결합된 내오염성이 향상된 분리막 제조방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,
상기 (D)단계의 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(Atom transfer radical addition, ATRA)반응은 50~70℃ 질소에서 10~30시간 동안 교반된 용액에 CuCl과 DNDP를 1:3~1:5의 몰비로 첨가하여 반응시키는 것에 특징이 있는 원자 전이 라디칼 첨가(ATRA)가 도입된 나노복합체 한외여과막 제조방법.
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