KR20190132391A - Drawing lubricant and drawing method of base metal using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

As a conventional pretreatment agent, it is not a liquid, but a powder form, does not produce sludge, does not require dipping or drying, and can be a simple pretreatment agent, and also has lubricity, followability, malleability, electrodeposition, adhesion, and heat resistance. There is provided a drawing lubricant for acting as a lubricant capable of exhibiting the performance of the film, and a drawing method for effectively exerting the same. The fresh lubricant includes a powder having a volume average particle diameter of 0.1 µm to 100 µm. The base material drawing method using this includes the electrostatic coating process process of attaching and coating a lubricating agent to the surface of the base material to be wire-processed by electrostatic coating, and the wire-processing process of diameter-reducing the said base material with a die and drawing it. .

Description

Drawing lubricant and drawing method of base metal using the same

The present invention relates to seizure due to direct contact between steel and nonferrous metals, i.e., when drawing a pedestal material, which is a base material to be wire-drawing, from a steel. The present invention relates to a lubricating agent for drawing used in order to prevent the erosion and to maintain a stable working state, and a drawing method of a base material using the same.

For the drawing processing, which is a base material to be called a rod, such as rod or rod, made of metal such as steel or nonferrous metal, is drawn from a section steel such as a die and plastically deformed into a wire or rod, Many processes, such as deoxidation coating of a raw material, pretreatment, and multistage reduction of a base material, are required.

For example, in fresh processing, before the diameter reduction treatment is performed, the processing material is covered with an oxide. First, for the purpose of removing this, an acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or hydrofluoric acid hydrofluoric acid is used. The deoxidation coating process is chemically performed using. As an acid free deoxidation film treatment, there is also a mechanical treatment for forcibly removing the oxide film by rubbing the workpiece with a gold brush or string.

After the deoxidation coating treatment, the primary anti-corrosion property is imparted, the dry lubricant used in the drawing process can be easily introduced into the die, and the synergistic effect with the dry lubricant is applied to the pressure vessel after drawing. In order to express the efficacy of slip resistance and seizure resistance to processing, pretreatment is performed.

A general conventional pretreatment is performed by forming a film by applying a liquid pretreatment agent to the workpiece surface and drying such as heating. The pretreatment agent to be used is a water-soluble or non-water-soluble agent, and is a pretreatment agent which forms a non-reactive film by forming a non-reactive film without reacting with the surface components of the processed material mainly using water-soluble inorganic substances such as lime soap, borate, sulfate, and silicate; Pretreatment agents which form a reactive chemical coating by forming a reactive chemical coating by reacting with a component on the surface of the workpiece such as zinc phosphate or oxalic acid are known.

Each pretreatment agent has one piece and is used by covering it suitably according to each use. For example, when plating is performed after drawing, it is necessary to use a pretreatment agent which is easy to degrease when washing the wire after drawing, and it is water-soluble borate without using zinc phosphate or the like forming a reactive coating. A non-reactive physical film formed of sulphate or sulfate is used. On the other hand, when the drawing speed is high, or the processing material is very hard, or the processing needs to be tightly squeezed after drawing, it is formed by reacting with the surface molecules of the processing material by zinc phosphate or oxalic acid. Reactive coatings are used.

The application method of the pretreatment agent to the processing material can be performed by immersing the bundle of the rod in a treatment tank (batch method, for example, Patent Document 1) or by incorporating the pretreatment line into a fresh line (in-line method). For example, there exists patent document 2).

Although the batch method can be processed in large quantities, there are problems such as unevenness of the film forming in the overlapped portions of the bundles or large facilities, and installation space. Therefore, the inline method incorporated into the fresh line tends to be examined as an alternative to reality.

However, in either of the physical coating and the reactive coating, sufficient drying is required, and the problem that the hot air of the drying line must be changed to a high temperature or a very long drying line must be used to increase the fresh speed. Therefore, the problem that it is difficult to improve production efficiency was proposed.

In addition, in both the batch method and the in-line method, a large amount of waste is a problem, and especially in the reactive coating, generation of waste of secondary substances (sludge) such as sludge generated in the immersion tank after the reaction is socially problematic. In addition, it is also an issue for the customer that the solution cost affects the product price.

JP 2012-051014 A JP 2001-220693 A

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and is not a liquid as in the conventional pretreatment, but in the form of a powder, does not produce sludge, does not require dipping or drying, and can be a simple pretreatment agent, It is an object of the present invention to provide a fresh lubricant, which acts as a lubricant capable of exhibiting performance of followability, malleability, electrodeposition, adhesion, and heat resistance, and a drawing method for effectively exerting this.

Drawn lubricant of the present invention made to achieve the above object, it characterized in that it comprises a powder having a volume average particle diameter of 0.1㎛ to 100㎛.

This drawing lubricant is, for example, for electrostatic coating on a base material to be drawn.

This fresh lubricant is a dry lubricant as it is a solid. That is, even if it is not made into the state of aqueous solution or a suspension, it can coat | cover a base material in powder form.

It is preferable that this fresh lubricant also serves as a pretreatment agent. That is, it is not necessary to apply a physical film or a reactive film beforehand as a pretreatment with respect to a base material.

In this fresh lubricant, the powder preferably contains a metal soap mixture of metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid.

Among these fresh lubricants, the metal soap mixture is a mixture of a metal soap of the saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and a metal soap of the linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid in each solid state, and / or at least a part of one of them is different. It is preferable to mix in solid solution on the side.

This drawing lubricant contains 10-50 mass% of said metal soap mixtures, for example.

This fresh lubricant is a metal soap of the saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, butyric acid, capric acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, and palm. The metal soap mixture comprising a metal soap of at least one saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid selected from mist acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, sertric acid, montanic acid and melisic acid. It is preferable that 50-90 mass% is contained in.

This fresh lubricant is a metal soap of the linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecaneic acid, dodecaneic acid, tridecane It consists of a metal soap of at least one linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid selected from diacid, tridecane diacid, tetradecane diacid, pentadecane diacid, hexadecane diacid, heptadecanic acid, and octadecane diacid, in the metal soap mixture. 50 mass% may be contained.

It is preferable that the said metal soap is a lithium metal salt, a calcium salt, magnesium salt, an aluminum salt, a zinc salt, a barium salt, a titanium salt, a zirconium salt, and / or at least any one of these complex metal salts.

This fresh lubricant is boric acid, borate, phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, hydrated lime, titanium oxide, talc, mica, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, layered double hydroxide, fluorine resin, melamine resin, wax in the metal soap mixture. And / or sulfur may be included.

In the drawing base material of the present invention, the drawing lubricant is electrostatically attached to the surface of the base material to be drawn.

The base material for drawing may be attached to the base material while the drawing lubricant is in powder form and / or at least a part thereof in the form of a film.

The base metal drawing method of the present invention comprises an electrostatic coating treatment step of attaching and coating the lubricant for wire drawing on the surface of the base material to be drawn by electrostatic coating, and a drawing step of drawing the diameter of the base material by dicing with a die. It is to include.

In this base material drawing method, it is preferable that the electrostatic coating treatment step also serves as wire pretreatment.

This base material drawing method is that the said base material is metal, for example.

In this base material drawing method, it is preferable that the said drawing process is cold working. Cold working is also referred to as normal temperature processing, which is done by heating without heating, and giving plastic deformation below the recrystallization temperature to the metal or alloy without friction temperature being less than 400 ° C as long as possible only from the base material surface. Same thing.

Since the fresh lubricant of the present invention is in the form of a fine powder capable of electrostatic coating, and is not a liquid as in the prior art, it can be uniformly formed on the surface of the base material, which is to be covered, in a short time without being influenced by immersion conditions or drying conditions. It can be used in hard materials or in harsh fresh working conditions at high speeds.

Therefore, this fresh lubricant can be used simply by incorporating into a fresh line, without requiring a drying line, without deoxidation coating process being dependent on an acid wash or a mechanical method.

In addition, this fresh lubricant contains a metal soap mixture exhibiting reversible thermoplastic useful for acting as a pretreatment and a dry lubricant. When drawing, it can be attached by electrostatic spreading machine before the first drawing, and the drawing can be done stably without using a dry lubricant on the first drawing. The drawing lubricant is melted or semi-melted to form a flexible lubricity film on the surface of the wire, and exhibits lubricity, followability, malleability, electrodeposition, adhesion, and heat resistance, making it easy to draw and pressurize. .

Therefore, this fresh lubricant acts as a lubricant capable of being a simple pretreatment agent and expressing these performances such as lubricity. Moreover, by expressing these performances, such as lubricity, by the synergistic effect of the powder pretreatment agent and the dry lubricant formed by the fresh processing, the effect similar to or more than the conventional reactive film can be exhibited also in the process of a pressing process.

In addition, by using this fresh lubricant, generation of waste is suppressed, electrostatic adhesion to the surface of the base material can be achieved, and an adhesion layer in powder form can be formed. Since the electrostatically attached powder does not include an immersion tank for forming a reactive film, but not a reactive film, there is no risk of sludge in the immersion tank, and it is environmentally friendly, and the sludge disposal cost can be greatly reduced.

In the drawing base material of the present invention, since drawing lubricant is electrostatically attached immediately before drawing, drawing is simplified.

In addition, according to the base material drawing method of the present invention, since a conventional type of lubricant is used in the form of powder rather than liquid, and does not require a drying line and does not depend on it, it is possible to speed up the drawing speed and improve productivity. It is possible to achieve a good drawing process with good efficiency, and to produce a high quality drawing with good yield.

In addition, in this base material drawing method, since the film formed at the time of drawing with a lubricant for drawing is not a reaction film, there is no sludge generation, and manufacturing costs such as power consumption and disposal costs can be greatly reduced, and measures against environmental problems. Can contribute to.

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, although the form for implementation of this invention is demonstrated in detail, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these forms.

One preferred embodiment of the drawing lubricant of the present invention comprises a powder having a volume average particle diameter of 0.1 µm to 100 µm, preferably 1 to 50 µm, and a base material to be drawn by cold working, for example, It is intended to electrostatically attach and coat a metal base material by electrostatic coating in powder form. If the volume average particle diameter is less than 0.1 mu m, the fluidity becomes unstable in the electrostatic apparatus, and coating defects are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the volume average particle diameter is larger than 100 mu m, the particle diameter becomes too large, and electrostatic adhesion becomes difficult.

This fresh lubricant is used as a dry lubricant while being a solid powder, even if it is not a liquid such as an aqueous solution or a suspension, and also serves as a pretreatment agent.

Among these fresh lubricants, the powder has a maximum volume diameter of less than 150 μm, preferably less than 120 μm, with a volume average particle diameter of 0.1 μm to 100 μm. Large powder particles exceeding this maximum particle diameter are less likely to be electrostatically attached, or they may adsorb powder particles having a particle diameter smaller than that, resulting in larger aggregated particles, thereby reducing productivity.

In this fresh lubricant, the powder may consist only of the metal soap mixture of the metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, and the metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, and may contain it.

Among these fresh lubricants, the powder is a metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and a metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, respectively, mixed in a solid state. In addition, the powder may be a mixture of part or all of the metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid in solid solution with the metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, or part or all of the metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, The metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid may be mixed in solid solution.

It is preferable that the powder contains 10-50 mass% of metal soap mixtures in this fresh lubricant, and it is preferable to use a residual main component as an inorganic substance and an additive.

Among the powders of this fresh lubricant, metal soaps of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids include those having 3 to 29 carbon atoms and examples of metal soaps of linear, branched and / or cyclic saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids. As, butyric acid, capronic acid, caprylic acid, pelagonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoseric acid, And metal soaps of at least one saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid selected from sertric acid, montanic acid and melisic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid may be a commercially available product, or may be hydrogenated and hydrolyzed natural fats and oils containing animal oils and vegetable fats and oils containing various kinds of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters and unsaturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters.

Examples of the metal soap of the linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid in the powder of the fresh lubricant include, for example, metal soaps of saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids having a carboxyl group at both ends of a straight chain having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and having a straight chain. Examples include succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, subvertic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecaneic acid, dodecaneic acid, tridecaneic acid, tridecaneic acid, tetradecaneic acid, pentadecaneic acid, The metal soap of at least 1 sort (s) of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid chosen from hexadecane diacid, heptadecanoic acid, and octadecane diacid is mentioned. These may be used independently and may be used in combination of multiple.

In the powder of this fresh lubricant, the weight ratio of the metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and the metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is 50-90 mass%: 10-50 mass%, Preferably 60-90 mass%: 10 It is 40-40 mass%, More preferably, it is 70-90 mass%: 10-30 mass%.

The metal soaps of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acids and linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acids may be lithium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, aluminum salts, zinc salts, barium salts, titanium salts and zirconium salts. The metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and the metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid may each independently be a salt of a single metal, or a complex metal salt of any of these salts.

The powder may be prepared by mixing metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, respectively, in a solid state. In addition, at least a part of one side may be mixed in the solid solution state on the other side, for example, one side of the low melting point may be melted and mixed and cooled on the other side of the high melting point, or both may be uniformly melted, mixed and cooled and prepared.

This fresh lubricant powder contains 10 to 50% by mass of a metal soap mixture, and when the remaining main components are inorganic and additives, boric acid, borate, phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, slaked lime, Titanium oxide, talc, mica, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, layered double oxide, fluorine resin, melamine resin, wax and / or sulfur. In this powder, it is necessary to make a metal soap mixture, these inorganic substances, and an additive all fall within the said average particle diameter. These inorganic substances and additives act as improvement of heat resistance and extreme pressure by coexisting with a metal soap mixture.

The fresh lubricant may be adjusted in total amount including additives such as thickeners, binders, surfactants, pH adjusters, preservatives, anticorrosive agents, antifoaming agents and charge control agents. It is preferable that 50-90 mass% of these additives are contained in the fresh lubricant.

When preparing this fresh lubricant, the powder may be obtained by pulverization by a dry pulverization and a wet pulverization method so as to have the above average particle diameter, or may be classified by particle diameter as necessary. As a dry grinding method, it is pulverized using a jet mill. If necessary, it is pulverized by passing through a jet mill a plurality of times until a predetermined particle size is achieved. The volume average particle diameter and the maximum particle diameter are evaluated by a micro track (laser diffraction scattering particle diameter distribution measuring apparatus).

Since the drawing lubricant also serves as a pretreatment agent, a cumbersome pretreatment step such as forming a non-reactive film or a reactive chemical film by applying a fresh base material to the base material with a liquid pretreatment agent in advance and drying such as heating is unnecessary.

Fresh lubricants do not require cumbersome operations such as immersing the base material in the liquid pretreatment as a conventional pretreatment, and thus are secondary substances such as sludge produced by repeating the pretreatment in an immersion tank filled with the pretreatment. The sludge removal process is unnecessary and is environmentally friendly.

A base material for drawing is manufactured as follows. For example, saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid may be separately mixed with metal soap, and then mixed separately without heating with an inorganic substance or additive optionally added, or optionally saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid may be added. It is heated while mixing with inorganic substances or additives to form a mixture of metal soaps. Then, it is pulverized and classified as necessary and contains a fine powder containing a metal soap mixture of a metal soap of a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid of essential ingredients and a metal soap of a linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and an inorganic substance or an additive of an optional component. It is obtained by manufacturing a lubricant for dry drawing.

Next, the drawing lubricant is electrostatically attached to the surface of the base material to be drawn when used immediately before the drawing. Electrostatic coating is used for attachment. For the electrostatic coating, for example, a corona electrostatic electrostatic coating apparatus is used. The conditions for electrostatic coating are, for example, air pressure of 0.5 to 0.9 MPa, air volume of 40 to 70 L / min, discharge amount of 0.2 to 1.0 g / sec, and coating voltage and current at 80 k? 80 k ?. If the air pressure is less than 0.5 MPa, the coating amount will be insufficient, and if it exceeds 0.9 MPa, it will be an apparatus limit. If the amount of air and the amount of discharge are less than the lower limit, the amount of adhesion decreases and drawing becomes difficult. Thus, by electrostatic coating using a commercially available electrostatic coating device, a sufficient amount of fresh lubricant is electrostatically attached to the surface of the base material.

Thereafter, the drawing process is performed. If the drawing lubricant is electrostatically attached and is subjected to drawing treatment, for example, cold working for drawing through a steel mold such as a die, some or all of the drawing lubricant, which is electrostatically attached to some frictional heat, is hot melted or pressurized and rubbed. As a result, a film is formed on the surface of the base material. This film does not need to perform electrostatic coating at the time of diameter reduction by subsequent stepwise drawing, and it continues to function as a film | membrane or layered lubricant. At the time of diameter reduction after the 2nd stage of a multistep, you may wire | stretch using a lubricant or a lubrication sheet of the powder form of a large particle diameter, or a particle form rather than the fine powder of this drawing lubricant.

Example

Hereinafter, the Example to which this invention is applied, and the comparative example other than this application are demonstrated.

(Example 1)

Into a reaction vessel equipped with a stirring device, 25 parts by mass of industrial stearic acid having a purity of 65% (residual aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 12 to 16 carbon atoms) and 15 parts by mass of industrial sebacic acid having a purity of 99.5% are added and heated while stirring. After melting, 50 parts by mass of slaked lime and 10 parts by mass of molybdenum disulfide were added. Heating and stirring were continued until the mixture became viscous. When the mixture becomes hard, the jet agitator (SEISHIN ENTERPRISE Co., Ltd.), product name STJ-200 type fine grinding is performed so that the heating agitation is stopped, taken out and cooled, and the volume average particle diameter is about 5 µm. The grinding | pulverization pressure was adjusted to 0.4 Mpa-0.6 Mpa by the experiment apparatus, and it grind | pulverized on the conditions whose airflow amount is 3.0 m <3> / min or less, and obtained the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1. In addition, the volume average particle diameter was determined by using a laser diffraction scattering particle diameter distribution measuring apparatus (Nikkiso Co., Ltd. product, product name Microtac MT3000 EX II) using isopropyl alcohol as a solvent. The particles were dispersed uniformly and measured according to the laser diffraction scattering method.

(Comparative Example 1)

In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirring device, after heating and melting 40 parts by mass of industrial stearic acid (residual aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 12 to 16 carbon atoms) having a purity of 65%, 50 parts by mass of slaked lime and 10 parts by mass of molybdenum disulfide are added. did. Heating and stirring were continued until the mixture became viscous. When the mixture became hard, the stirring was stopped, the mixture was taken out and cooled, and pulverized so that the volume average particle diameter was about 5 µm (measured by the laser diffraction scattering particle diameter distribution measuring device in the same manner as described above) to obtain the lubricant of Comparative Example 1. .

(Comparative Example 2)

In a reaction vessel equipped with a stirring device, after heating and melting 40 parts by mass of industrial stearic acid (residual aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 12 to 16 carbon atoms) having a purity of 65%, 50 parts by mass of slaked lime and 10 parts by mass of molybdenum disulfide are added. did. Heating and stirring were continued until the mixture became viscous. When the mixture became hard, heating and stirring were stopped, taken out, cooled, and pulverized so that the passage rate might be about 60% with a sieve having a size of 500 µm, thereby obtaining the lubricant of Comparative Example 2.

Using the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 and the lubricants of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the drawing was processed by a drawing machine, and the performance evaluation was performed. First, fresh processing was performed using a dice. The processing conditions, the performance evaluation method, and the result are as follows.

(Processing condition 1 and its performance evaluation)

The material of the cover material: the peeling material of stainless steel SUS-304

Linear Speed: 40m / min

Pretreatment: None

Diameter reduction of wire diameter: Two stages of 2.6mmφ → 2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ

Lubricant: The dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 and the lubricant of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are used only once in a pass.

More specifically, in the processing condition 1, the peeling material of stainless steel SUS-304 was used as a base material which is a wire to be processed, without performing acid wash, a shot, and pretreatment with a conventional pretreatment agent. In the first pass, the dry wire lubricant of Example 1 or the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 is previously processed by an electrostatic coating device by an electrostatic coating device (manufactured by Asahi Sanak Co., product name EC Corona-X). Was applied. Coating conditions were performed at a coating distance of 100 mm, a discharge amount of 0.4 g / sec, and a coating voltage and current of 80 mA and 80 mA. It was drawn under a room temperature condition from 2.6 mm? To 2.25 mm?. Next, in the 2nd pass, it did not use the lubricant of Example 1 and the comparative example 1, and was wired as 2.25 mm <phi> 2.00 mmphi under room temperature conditions.

Freshness was confirmed by sintering the wire rod after drawing and the presence or absence of the die mark.

The result of the fresh-processing in the conditions using each lubricant of Example 1 and the comparative example 1 is put together in the following table.

Processing condition 1 (Dry Drawing) Lubricant Microscopic observation After fresh of the first pass
2.6mmφ → 2.25mmφ After fresh of the second passage
2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ Example 1 There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) Comparative Example 1 There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) Has fixed
(Fresh condition)

When the dry wire lubricant of Example 1 and the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 were used, it was confirmed that the electrostatic coating was excellent in the throwing power and adhered uniformly to the material to be processed. The adhesion and dice mark were not confirmed, and the fresh state was good. In the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1, the film adhered in the first pass also remained sufficiently in the second pass, so that sintering and dice marks did not occur and the fresh state was good. However, in the lubricant of Comparative Example 1, quenching occurred remarkably at the second pass and it was difficult to freshen.

Since the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 has a reversible thermoplastic having excellent malleability, Example 1 attached to the first pass exhibits a molten or semi-melt state by the fresh processing heat even after the second pass. It is believed to exhibit good freshness. On the other hand, since the lubricant of Comparative Example 1 is not a metal soap mixture of a metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and a metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, there is no reversible thermoplastic and the film ductility is poor. The film did not remain, resulting in poor freshness.

(Processing condition 2 and its performance evaluation)

The material of the cover material: the peeling material of stainless steel SUS-304

Linear Speed: 40m / min

Pretreatment: Pretreatment agent (pretreatment agent mainly composed of potassium sulfate; product of Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name light coat SP-3V)

Diameter reduction of wire diameter: Two stages of 2.6mmφ → 2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ

Lubricant: Fresh by using the lubricant of Comparative Example 2 in the first pass

More specifically, under the processing conditions 2, a pretreatment agent (product of Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., brand name: Light Coat SP-3V, potassium sulfate-based pretreatment agent), which has been performing in line with the thin film of stainless steel SUS-304, was used. The thing which was immersed in the aqueous solution containing weight% and fully dried at 105 degreeC and pretreated was used as a base material which is a to-be-processed wire. Subsequently, an arbitrary amount of the lubricant of Comparative Example 2 was introduced into the die box, and the fresh processing of 2.6 mm? → 2.25 mm? Was performed under room temperature conditions as the first pass. Next, as a 2nd pass, about 2.25 mm diameter -2.00 mm diameter fresh processing, it carried out under room temperature conditions without using a lubricating agent.

Freshness was confirmed by sintering the wire rod after drawing and the presence or absence of the die mark.

The result of the drawing process in the conditions using the lubricant of the comparative example 2 is shown in the following table.

Processing condition 2 Dry Fresh Lubricant Microscopic observation After fresh of the first pass
2.6mmφ → 2.25mmφ After fresh of the second passage
2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ Comparative Example 2 There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) Has fixed
(Fresh condition)

As shown in Table 2, since the unevenness | corrugation by the pre-treatment agent film was formed in the wire rod surface of the dry drawing lubricant of the comparative example 2 in the processing conditions 2, drawing of the 1st pass was possible. However, in the second pass, since the malleability of the lubricant and the film remaining property were insufficient, the drawing was poor.

(Processing condition 3 and its performance evaluation)

The material of the cover material: the peeling material of stainless steel SUS-304

Linear Speed: 40m / min

Pretreatment: None

Diameter reduction of wire diameter: Two stages of 2.6mmφ → 2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ

Dry lubricant: Fresh by using the lubricant of Comparative Example 2 in the first pass

More specifically, in the processing condition 3, the peeling material of stainless steel SUS-304 was used as a base material which is a wire to be processed, without performing acid wash, a shot, and a conventional pretreatment agent. In the first pass, Comparative Example 2 was randomly added into the die box, and 2.6 mm phi → 2.25 mm phi was drawn. 2.25 → 2.00 mmφ which became the 2nd pass was made to draw in room temperature conditions without the comparative example 2, and the freshness evaluation was performed.

Freshness was confirmed by sintering to the to-be-processed wire rod and having a dice mark.

The result of the conditional drawing process using the lubricant of the comparative example 2 is shown in the following table.

Processing condition 3 Dry Fresh Lubricant Microscopic observation After fresh of the first pass
2.6mmφ → 2.25mmφ After fresh of the second passage
2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ Comparative Example 2 Has fixed
(Fresh condition) ―

In the processing condition 2 which performed the pretreatment, it was possible to freshen without showing a squeeze or a die mark in the 1st pass. At the second pass, adhesion was confirmed. On the other hand, in the processing condition 3 which does not perform pretreatment, sintering generate | occur | produced than the 1st pass. From the result of the processing condition 3 and the result of using the pretreatment agent of the processing condition 2, it can be said that the dry drawing lubricant of this invention has the lubricity and malleability equivalent or more than the drawing process which performed the pretreatment conventionally.

(Processing condition 4 and its performance evaluation)

Material of Figurine Material: 72A Material

Linear speed: 10m / min

Pretreatment: None

Diameter reduction of wire diameter: three stages of 2.8mmφ → 2.5mmφ → 2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ

Lubricant: Dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 (only one pass) The dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 was attached and attached by an electrostatic coating device, and the second and third passes were made without using electrostatic coating and lubricant. .)

More specifically, in the processing condition 4, after the pickled wire rod was removed by pickling and removing the oxidation scale on the surface of the wire rod to be treated with 12 mass% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, washing with water was performed several times, dried and used as the base metal which is the processed wire rod. . In the first pass of 2.8 mm? 2.5 mm?, The lubricant for dry drawing of Example 1 was previously applied to the workpiece to be processed by an electrostatic coating device. The coating conditions were 100 mm for the coating distance, 0.4 g / sec for the discharge amount, and 80 mA to 80 mA for the coating voltage and current. Fresh at room temperature. Next, the drawing processing of 2.5 mm? 2.25 mm? And 2.25 mm? → 2.0 mm? Was performed under room temperature conditions without using the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1.

Freshness was confirmed by sintering the wire rod after drawing and the presence or absence of the die mark.

The result of the drawing process in the conditions using the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 is shown to the following table.

Processing condition 4 Dry Fresh
slush Microscopic observation After fresh of the first pass
2.8mmφ → 2.5mmφ After fresh of the second passage
2.5mmφ → 2.25mmφ After fresh of the third passage
2.25mmφ → 2.0mmφ Example 1 There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good)

The dry wire lubricant of Example 1 was confirmed to have excellent electrodeposition property by electrostatic coating and adhered uniformly to the material to be processed. In the first pass, no squeeze or die mark was confirmed, and the fresh state was good. did. In the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1, the film adhered in the first pass also remained sufficiently in the second and third passes, and the sintering and dice marks did not occur, and the fresh state was good.

(Processing condition 5 and its performance evaluation)

Material of Figurine Material: 72A Material

Linear speed: 10m / min

Pretreatment: Zinc Phosphate

Diameter reduction of wire diameter: three stages of 2.8mmφ → 2.5mmφ → 2.25mmφ → 2.00mmφ

Lubricant: Fresh by using the lubricant of Comparative Example 2 in the first pass

More specifically, under processing condition 5, the processed wire rod was treated with an aqueous 12 mass% hydrochloric acid solution, and the oxidation scale on the surface of the processed wire rod was pickled and removed, followed by 10 minutes in a 4% zinc phosphate aqueous solution heated to 80 ° C. It was immersed, washed with water several times, dried and used as a base material to be processed. Subsequently, an arbitrary amount of the lubricant of Comparative Example 2 was added to the die box, and the freshness evaluation of the processed wire rod was performed according to the above conditions. The wire drawing was performed using the lubricant of Comparative Example 2 for the wire drawing from 2.8 mm? To 2.5 mm?. Next, the wire drawing of 2.5 → 2.25mmφ and 2.25 → 2.0mmφ was drawn without using Comparative Example 2. Freshness was confirmed by sintering the wire rod after drawing and the presence or absence of the die mark.

The result of the drawing process in the conditions using the lubricant of the comparative example 2 is shown in the following table.

Processing condition 5 Dry Fresh
slush Microscopic observation After fresh of the first pass
2.8mmφ → 2.5mmφ After fresh of the second passage
2.5mmφ → 2.25mmφ After fresh of the third passage
2.25mmφ → 2.0mmφ Comparative Example 2 There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good) There is no seizure, dice mark
(Fresh state is good)

In the wire rod pretreated with zinc phosphate coating, which has been proven in rolling, it was possible to stably draw the wires without any sintering or die marks in any passage. Since the result of the processing condition 4 and the result of the processing condition 5 are the same, according to the case of the dry drawing lubricant of Example 1 which formed into the film in the processing condition 4, it is considered that it has the lubricity and malleability equivalent to the reactive film, and pressurization process. It is considered that equivalent results are obtained also in.

The drawing lubricant of the present invention is drawn from a base material, such as a wire, pipe, rod, rod, etc., made of metal, such as steel, from a shape steel, such as a die, and plastically deformed into a wire or bar to reduce the diameter. To, are used.

According to the base material for drawing of this invention and the base material drawing method using the same, it can perform drawing process without requiring pretreatment.

Claims (17)

A wire-drawing lubricant comprising a powder having a volume average particle diameter of 0.1 μm to 100 μm. The draw lubricant according to claim 1, which is for electrostatic coating of a base material to be drawn. The fresh lubricant according to claim 1 or 2, which is a dry lubricant as a solid. The fresh lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which also serves as a pretreatment agent. The fresh lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the powder contains a metal soap mixture of metal soap of saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and metal soap of linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid. The metal soap mixture according to claim 5, wherein the metal soap of the saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and the metal soap of the linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid are each mixed in a solid state, and / or at least one side of the metal soap is on the other side. Fresh lubricant, characterized in that mixed in the solid state. The fresh lubricant according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the metal soap mixture contains 10 to 50 mass%. The metal soap of the saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of butyric acid, capronic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, undecanoic acid and laurate. With metal soap of at least one saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid selected from acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, seric acid, montanic acid and melisic acid It consists of 50 to 90 mass% in the said metal soap mixture, The lubricant for drawing characterized by the above-mentioned. The metal soap of the linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suveric acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecaneic acid. It consists of a metal soap of at least one linear aliphatic dicarboxylic acid selected from dodecane diacid, tridecane diacid, tridecane diacid, tetradecane diacid, pentadecane diacid, hexadecane diacid, heptadecanic acid and octadecane diacid. , 10 to 50% by mass of the metal soap mixture is contained. The metal soap according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the metal soap is lithium salt, calcium salt, magnesium salt, aluminum salt, zinc salt, barium salt, titanium salt, zirconium salt, and / or at least one of them. Fresh lubricant, characterized in that the complex metal salt. The boron acid, borate, phosphate, sulfate, carbonate, nitrate, hydrated lime, titanium oxide, talc, mica, graphite, molybdenum disulfide, layered double oxide, in the metal soap mixture according to any one of claims 5 to 10, A fresh lubricant comprising fluorine resin, melamine resin, wax and / or sulfur. The drawing lubricant as described in any one of Claims 1-11 is electrostatically attached to the surface of the base material to be drawn, The drawing base material characterized by the above-mentioned. 13. The drawing base material according to claim 12, wherein the drawing lubricant is adhered to the base material as a powder and / or at least a part thereof in the form of a film. As the base material fresh method,
An electrostatic coating treatment step of attaching and coating the lubricant for wire drawing according to any one of claims 1 to 12 to the surface of the base material to be drawn by electrostatic coating, and
And a drawing step of drawing the base material by reducing the diameter with a die. 15. The drawing method according to claim 14, wherein the electrostatic coating treatment step also serves as pre-treatment of the wire. The drawing method according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the base material is made of metal. The drawing method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the drawing process is cold working.