KR20190101624A - Urushi detoxification method by natural falling of bark - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a detoxifying method of lacquer trees by a natural separation of barks, which can detoxify lacquer trees by inoculating mushroom seeds to naturally separate barks containing urushiol. According to the present invention, the detoxifying method of lacquer trees by a natural separation of barks comprises: a step 1) of culturing mushroom seeds to manufacture an inoculum; a step 2) of inoculating the inoculum of the step 1) to a bark unit of a lacquer tree; and a step 3) of fermenting the lacquer tree in the step 2) to make barks separated from the same naturally. The mushroom seeds in the step 1) are preferably fomitella fraxinea seeds. The inoculation in the step 2) is preferably performed through an engraftment hole punched in the bark unit of the lacquer tree. A fermentation condition in the step 3) is preferably 20-28°C of temperatures and 90-95% of humidity. In addition, the fermentation of the step 3) is preferably performed while the lacquer trees are stood and stacked in a vinyl greenhouse. According to such technical configuration, fomitella fraxinea seeds are inoculated on the bark of the lacquer trees and the lacquer trees are piled in a vinyl greenhouse to detoxify the lacquer tree by a natural separation of barks through a natural fermentation process such that the present invention can produce raw materials in a large quantity in very economical methods and can use a lacquer extract, which cannot be used except for cooking additives for Sumac chickens and Sumac ducks, to develop products of various fermented pastes, liquors and vinegars.

Description

The detoxification method of lacquer trees by the natural shelling of bark {Urushi detoxification method by natural falling of bark}

The present invention relates to a method of detoxifying lacquer trees by natural shelling of bark, and more particularly, to a method of detoxifying lacquer trees by natural shelling of bark which inoculates mushrooms by inoculating mushrooms and natural shelling of urushiol-containing bark. It is about.

Sumac (Rhus verniciflua) is divided into the five subfamilies 77 in deciduous arborescent and sexes rationalism belonging to anacardiaceae (Anacardiaceae) the plant is 200 species belonging to the genus there are about 600 species, and sumac, and most of them are distributed in temperate regions but some It is also distributed in subtropical and tropical regions.

Sumac spp existing in Korea has sumac (Rhus verniciflua), dog sumac (Rhus trichocarpa), sumac (Rhus chinensis), geomyang sumac (Rhus succedanea), acid geomyang sumac (Rhus sylvestris) and the like.

In the Orient, the lacquer has been collected from various lacquer trees for thousands of years. Korea, Japan, and China have collected lacquer from Rhus verniciflua, Vietnam, Taiwan from Rhus succedanea , and from Burma lacquer ( Melanorrhoea usitate ) from Myanmar. It was obtained and used as a paint.

Among them, the lacquer tree is believed to have originated in the order of China, Korea, and Japan. The Tibet and Himalayas, the central Asian highlands, are known to be native to China, and have been grown for about 4,000 years in China. Lacquerware was excavated at the Sinchang-dong excavation site in Gwangju, and lacquer lacquer has been widely used throughout the country since prehistoric times. Recently, the area of cultivation has been decreasing as the value of natural paints has decreased. It is cultivated partially in Okcheon, Chungnam Hamyang, Jeonnam Jangheung and Jeonbuk Jangsu.

Meanwhile, lacquer tree is a food that has been ingested in anticipation of health functions such as anti-cancer and antioxidant in the field of folk medicine in Korea, and it is medicinal known for its excellent efficacy. It was.

However, urushiol, the main component of lacquer lacquer liquid, can cause allergic reactions, which poses a danger in using it as a food. The lacquer tree is structurally divided into the bark and wood parts of the lacquer sphere, and urushiol is present in the bark including the secondary quadruple tissue in which the lacquer sphere is distributed, and there are a large number of flavonoids in the wood part.

The secondary metabolites of the lacquer tree have been identified as urushiol and flavonoids and gallic acid, which is a phenolic compound. Especially, the bark contains urushiol and flavonoids, and only flavonoids are present in the wood.

In other words, the seven-hole sphere that secretes the urushiol-containing lacquer is distributed in the secondary quadruples of the bark of the lacquer tree and used as a means for responding to the external environment. Urushiol is a derivative of a catechol compound and is a fat-soluble compound in which 15 or 17 carbons are bonded linearly to the C ₃ position. Urushiol has not been fully understood the path of biosynthesis and attempted to synthesize it through organic chemical reaction, but due to the nature of urushiol oxidizing easily in the air, artificial synthesis is not easy and there is no standard of commercially available urushiol.

Urushiol, also known as the active substance of sumac, is known for its potent anti-cancer and anti-oxidant effects, as well as for immune boosting in AIDS patients, but it can cause protein-specific binding and severe allergies to the skin. Becomes

The compound does not have direct toxicity to the human body, but when it comes into contact with the skin, it travels through the skin to the inside of the cell, and the cell activates the immune system in response to external chemicals, causing contact type dermatitis of type 4 hypersensitivity. It is known that the -OH group of urushiol is reacted with NH ₂ group of skin protein. The susceptibility of dermatitis due to lacquer is different depending on the individual.

Therefore, in order to use lacquer as a food, it is necessary to remove urushiol. For this, a method of using electron ionization energy, a chemical method using an organic solvent and an oxidant, and a high temperature treatment method have been studied.

This induces the oxidation and polymerization of urushiol, and it is estimated that the active site with the autoprotein in the body decreases, thereby weakening the reactivity of urushiol. Recently, a technique for removing urushiol by a lacase formed by the mycelium by using a long-life mushroom, which is a white odor fungus, has been proposed.

Related Patent Document: Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-2016-0149696 (December 28, 2016 published) 'Producing method for the properties of fermented lacquer for removing urushiol and preserving functional ingredient.

However, such physicochemical methods are not considered to completely remove urushiol, and as urushiol decreases, other useful ingredients such as flavonoids may be reduced together with the purification process, which is difficult to apply to food as well as cost. .

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, by inoculating mushroom spawn to debark the bark containing the urushiol by natural degassing not only to completely remove the urushiol, but also to detoxify the lacquer that can be mass-produced The purpose of the present invention is to provide a detoxification method of sumac by natural shelling of bark.

In order to achieve the above object,

1) culturing the mushroom spawn to prepare an inoculum,

2) inoculating the inoculator of step 1) on the bark of the lacquer tree,

3) fermenting the lacquer of step 2) to the bark natural shelling.

The mushroom spawn of step 1) is preferably a longevity mushroom spawn.

Inoculation of step 2) is preferably made through the inoculation hole perforated in the bark of the lacquer tree.

The fermentation conditions of step 3) is preferably made in a temperature range of 20-28 ℃, humidity 90 ~ 95%.

And it is preferable that the fermentation of step 3) is made in a state in which the sumac is erected in a plastic house.

According to the present invention, the inoculation of the mushroom spawn has the effect of completely removing the urushiol by naturally shelling the bark containing the urushiol.

Particularly, inoculated bark of mushrooms with longevity mushrooms, stacked in a plastic house, stacked, and then detoxified by the natural shelling of bark through natural spontaneous effect tablets, making it possible to produce large amounts of raw materials very economically. In addition, the lacquer extract, which cannot be used, can be used to develop various kinds of jang, liquor, and vinegar products.

1 is a view showing a cross-sectional structure of the lacquer tree.
2 is a view showing a stacking state of the experimental group according to the present invention.
Figure 3 is a view showing a state in which the inoculation hole is drilled in the lacquer tree according to the present invention.
4 is a view showing a natural shell of the bark in accordance with the present invention.
Figure 5 is a diagram showing the detection of the main components of sumac according to the present invention.
Figure 6 is a view showing the undetected lacquer urushiol component according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the lacquer detoxification method by the natural shelling of the bark according to the present invention.

(See Fig. 1) Flavonoids (flavonoids) and toxic substances urushiol (Urushiol), which is a physiologically active substance of lacquer tree, are detected in the bark of lacquer tree, and only the flavonoid component is detected in the wood part without the urushiol component. 2001).

The present invention starts from how to remove the lacquer bark containing the urushiol component for detoxification of the lacquer tree.

First, the embodiment of the lacquer detoxification method by the natural shelling of the bark according to the present invention

1) culturing the mushroom spawn to prepare an inoculum,

2) inoculating the inoculator of step 1) on the bark of the lacquer tree,

3) fermenting the lacquer of step 2) to the bark natural shelling.

The mushroom spawn of step 1) is preferably a longevity mushroom spawn.

Inoculation of step 2) is preferably made through the inoculation hole perforated in the bark of the lacquer tree. ,

Fermentation conditions of step 3) is preferably made in a temperature range of 20 ~ 28 ℃, humidity 90 ~ 95%.

And it is preferable that the fermentation of step 3) is made in a state in which the sumac is erected in a plastic house.

Hereinafter, the experimental process carried out to derive the present invention will be described in detail.

The lacquer used in the experiment was purchased 6-year-old lacquer of Okcheonsan, Chungbuk, and inoculated with longevity mushroom spawn in malt medium (brix 11 °) and incubated at room temperature, and then inoculated by adding 0.1 ~ 0.2ml of tween 20 per liter of culture. 50 lacquer trees of 15Ø x 60 cm 1 x 1 for 7 different conditions of inoculation, such as scattering, immersion, drilling, and inoculation. The experiment was carried out in a blackout box of m, and the amount of CO ₂ generated in proportion to the microbial activity of the fungus bacteria from June to October was measured using Licor6400xt (see FIGS. 2 to 4 and Table 1).

Different ways of detoxification of Rhus verniciflua by Fomitella fraxinea and CO ₂ measurement value measured by Licor6400xt Treat Heap-up Period Jun. Jul. Aug. Sept. Oct. Control 2.30  40.40   73.53 15.20 15.20 Spray Horizontally 2.50 102.50  180.11 36.43 28.50 Vertically 3.10 120.70  202.67 24.37 18.40 Soak Horizontally 3.50 110.90  197.67 22.57 16.50 Vertically 3.10 320.40  593.00 27.70 20.70 Inoculate Horizontally 3.20 314.50  580.11 25.67 19.30 Vertically 3.70 880.30 1746.67 92.77 50.80

In the above process, the inoculation enough to inoculate the inoculation so that the inoculum flows by spraying the inoculation hole into the bark of the lacquer bark among the experimental groups that differed from the inoculation method such as the scattering method, the immersion method, the perforation method, and the stacking method such as stacking, standing and stacking and showed a 320-fold or more of CO ₂ emission amount is accumulated experimental upright than the other experimental groups were the most voracious in July and August (see Table 2).

All other experimental groups also showed increased CO ₂ emissions in July and August, but there was a big difference between the scattering method and the immersion method directly immersed in the inoculum, in addition to the direct puncturing and inoculation. It was found that the stacking method was more advantageous to the microbial activity than the stacking of the sumac.

Here, the method of inoculating and laying the inoculator by puncturing the inoculation hole in the bark of the lacquer tree can be applied to the present invention in a manner similar to the general cultivation of noji mushrooms.

For example, the inoculation hole is drilled to a depth of 1.2-1.3 cm in diameter to the extent that the wood part is exposed, the interval is 7 ~ 15cm in width, 5 ~ 10cm in length is suitable.

In addition, in order to mass-produce detoxified lacquer trees, the blackout box was replaced with a vinyl house (green house) with sunlight blocking function, and the temperature and humidity were measured in July and August when CO ₂ emission was the highest. The optimum fermentation conditions for the natural shelling of the bark of the sumac were confirmed at 20 ~ 28 ℃ and humidity of 90 ~ 95%.

Therefore, if the above fermentation conditions are artificially made, the raw material of detoxified sumac can be produced in large quantities even if it is not a vinyl house. In addition, natural skin shelling of the bark of the lacquer can be visually confirmed, so a fermentation period of about 60 days is appropriate, but not limited thereto.

The following describes the process of confirming the removal of the urushiol component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Drying and grinding the wood part of the bark of the bark prepared by the above method, pulverizing, 99.9% methanol, extracted three times under reflux for 40 to 8 hours, filtered and completely dried in a rotary vacuum concentrator to prepare a powder. The derivatization of TMS under the conditions of Table 3 and analysis of GC / MS instruments confirmed the presence of urushiol polymer in the mass spectrum.

Analysis condition of GC / MS for Rhus verniciflua extracts Column RTX-5MS, 60m x0.25 mm, 0.25 μm, RESTEK, USA Injection 280 ° C., mode; split; 20: 1 Carrier gas He, column flow; 1 mL / min Column Temp. 250 ° C (2min holding) -10 ° C / min-300 ° C (30 min holding) Ionization EL (electron impact), 70 eV Interface / ion source 300 ℃ / 280 ℃ Mass analyzer Quadrupole Data acquisition Scan (41 to 500 m / z)

Here, in order to prepare the lacquer flavonoid standard, the bark wood part was shelled and crushed. The extract thus obtained is filtered and concentrated in vacuo and dried completely with a vacuum dryer to prepare a powder, which is called a crude extract.

Purification of the crude extract was performed by silica gel absorption chromatography. That is, 40 g of silica gel (230-400 mesh) is activated at 130 ° C. for 3 hours, and a slurry is made of hexane to fill a column (2.9 x 45 cm), and calcium sulfate or sodium sulfate is used to stabilize the silica gel. 68 g were charged on it.

4 g of crude extract, equivalent to 1/10 of the weight of silica gel, was completely removed from water, dissolved in 4 mL of anhydrous methanol, and loaded. Chloroform: methanol 90:10 (v / v), 80:20 (v / v), 50:50 (v / v), fractions with 0: 100 (v / v) solvent.

The crude extract was concentrated in chloroform: methanol (90:10) fractions, completely dried in vacuo to obtain a powder, dissolved in methanol, pretreated with Sep-pak (C ₁₈ type) and filtered through a 0.2 μm syringe filter under the conditions of Table 4 HPLC instrument analysis.

Analysis condition of HPLC for Rhus verniciflua extracts Column YMC PACK ODS-AM 4.6 x 250 mm, 5㎛ Flow rate  1.0 mL / min Injection 10 μL Column Temp. 30 ℃ Wave length  254 nm Mobile phase  solvent 1: water solvent 2: methanol Time (min) Solvent 1 (%) Solvent 2 (%) Curve  0.0 80  20 linear  0.5 80  20 linear  3.0 50  50 linear 12.8 20  80 linear 14.9  0 100 linear 16.7  0 100 linear 18.6 80  20 linear 20.0 80  20 linear

As a result, as shown in Figure 5 the peaks of the main flavonoids of the sumac, fustine, phycetin, sulfuretine, butene.

Here, fustin (3,3 ', 4', 7-tetrahydroxyflavanone, C ₁₅ H ₁₂ O ₆ ) is the main component of the lacquer hot water extract has antioxidant activity and has been reported to be effective in Alzheimer's disease and rheumatoid arthritis. Picetin (fisetin, 3,3 ', 4', 7-tetrahydroxyflavanone, C ₁₅ H ₁₀ O ₆ ) is one of the major flavonoids of the lacquer tree and hardly soluble in water. Sulfurintin (3 ', 4', 6-trihydroxyaurone, C ₁₅ H ₁₀ O ₅ ) is one of the major flavonoids of the lacquer tree and has been reported to reduce mutagenesis and have anti-inflammatory effects. Butein (butein, 2 ', 3,4,4'-tetrahydroxychalcone, C ₁₅ H ₁₂ O ₅ ) has been reported to have an antioxidant effect among the major flavonoids of the lacquer tree.

In addition, as a result of GC / MS instrumental analysis of the lacquer wood prepared by the above method, as shown in Figure 6, the main polymer of the urushiol having a molecular weight of 320, 318, 316, 314 on the mass spectrum was not found.

Thus, it can be confirmed that the urushiol component was completely removed by the lacquer detoxification method by the natural shelling of the bark according to the present invention.

The above description is an exemplary embodiment for better understanding of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to carry out various modifications within the scope of the matters described in the claims.

Claims (5)

1) culturing the mushroom spawn to prepare an inoculum,
2) inoculating the inoculator of step 1) on the bark of the lacquer tree,
3) lacquer detoxification method according to the natural shelling of the bark, characterized in that it comprises the step of fermenting the bark of the lacquer of step 2). The method of claim 1,
The mushroom spawn of step 1) is lacquer detoxification method by natural shelling of bark, characterized in that the longevity mushroom spawn. The method of claim 1,
The inoculation of step 2) is the lacquer detoxification method by the natural shelling of the bark, characterized in that through the inoculation hole perforated in the bark of the lacquer tree. The method of claim 1,
The fermentation conditions of step 3) is the lacquer detoxification method by the natural shelling of the bark, characterized in that the humidity in the temperature range 20 ~ 28 ℃, 90 ~ 95%. The method of claim 1,
The fermentation of step 3) is a method of detoxifying lacquer by natural shelling of bark, characterized in that the sumac is built up in a plastic house.

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