KR20190083734A - Multistage Turbine System - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a multistage turbine system having a rotating shaft coupled with multiple radial blades, which comprises: a housing configured to accommodate the rotating shaft and having an inlet for introducing a working fluid; a rotating shaft rotationally installed in the housing; a ball bearing installed to be in contact with an end of the rotating shaft to support an end of the rotating shaft; and a cap installed at an end of the rotating shaft to be in contact with the ball bearing, wherein the inlet is formed in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft at an outer circumference of the rotating shaft.

Description

[0001] Multistage Turbine System [

The present invention relates to a multi-stage turbine system, and more particularly, to a multi-stage turbine system in which a cap and guide bearings are installed to protect a bearing at a housing inlet through which a working fluid enters.

Recently, in order to reduce GHG emissions, the United States, Europe and China have been supporting the development of waste heat recovery and cogeneration technologies, and markets related to reducing GHG emissions are also growing. As a result, domestic and foreign companies are competing for the power generation system for industrial waste heat and engine waste heat due to the high interest and demand of industry. Turbine technology utilizing the Rankine cycle and ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) using steam is the most active. Typically, axial and radial turbines are connected to power generation equipment and are put into practical use. Among them, a radial type turbine is a turbine type structure which shows high efficiency in a wet type working fluid and on which the patent is applied.

Among the conventional turbines, a radial type turbine is disclosed. A radial type turbine is a turbine that uses a radial turbine to convert the fluid energy of a working fluid in the form of a wetted gas into electrical energy. In addition, the radial type turbine rotates the turbine while passing through the blades installed on the stator and the rotor fixed to the housing as the moving path of the working fluid spreads in the radial direction unlike the axial turbine . In order to improve the efficiency of the turbine, a method of radially repeating the stator blades and the blades of the rotor is used in order to improve the efficiency of the turbine. This is because the linear velocity of the blades is excessively large, It is dangerous and difficult to apply to large industrial sites.

Further, in order to avoid excessive lamination in the radial direction, a turbine in which a radial type and an axial flow type turbine are combined is known in Patent Document 1. [ This combined turbine produces a multistage structure of the working fluid discharged from the turbine tip vane of the conventional one-stage structure, followed by the outflow path and the inflow path formed in the additional stator. In addition, the working fluid delivered in the axial direction again drives the wings of the rotor to produce a stronger load. Although the combined turbine can theoretically improve the efficiency, there is a problem that the inlet of the working fluid must be installed at the side of the housing for supporting both ends of the bearing.

Since the inlet of the working fluid is provided on the side of the housing, it collides with the housing on the rotating shaft or side before entering the rotor blades. At this time, a fluid energy is lost firstly due to the collision of the working fluid. In addition, when a direct fluid force is applied to the shaft system in the radial direction, the rotation stability is greatly affected. On the other hand, since the flow path of the fluid spreads radially in a radial direction of 360 °, stable operation can be performed on the rotor blade. The fluid enters the side of the housing, and the stability is considerably lowered during operation.

That is, in order to reduce the loss of the fluid energy, the entry path of the working fluid in the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the turbine can ensure the stability of the rotating body, and such a structure is required.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2015-0139309

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a turbine, And to provide a multi-stage turbine system that ensures stability.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-stage turbine system including a housing having a rotary shaft to which a plurality of radial blades are coupled, an inlet for receiving the rotary shaft and an inlet for introducing a working fluid; A rotating shaft rotatably installed in the housing; A ball bearing installed to be in contact with an end of the rotary shaft and supporting an end of the rotary shaft; And a cap installed at an end of the rotary shaft to be in contact with the ball bearing, wherein the inlet is formed in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft at an outer circumference of the rotary shaft.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ball bearing is installed so as to surround the outer periphery of the end of the rotation shaft, and the cap is coupled to the outer periphery of the ball bearing to receive the ball bearing, And is disposed so as to be spaced apart from the inner circumference of the housing so that the working fluid can be introduced.

A sealing member is provided between the outer periphery of the end portion of the rotation shaft and the inner periphery of the cap end portion, and the sealing member can accommodate grease in the inner periphery of the cap to enable lubrication of the ball bearing.

A plurality of support shafts for supporting the caps may be provided along the radial direction between the outer periphery of the cap and the inner periphery of the housing in which the inflow port is provided and the inlet may be formed between the plurality of support shafts.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the end of the rotary shaft includes a protrusion protruding in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft along the circumferential direction, and a ball bearing is coupled to the inner circumference of the protrusion to support a load applied to the rotary shaft do.

Wherein a cap supporting the ball bearing is provided at one end of the ball bearing, and a hollow beam coupled to one end of the cap is installed at the other end of the ball bearing, A flow path of the lubricant can be formed.

The hollow beam is disposed so as to be in contact with the inner circumference of the ball bearing. A threaded portion is protruded at one end of the hollow beam disposed at the inner periphery of the ball bearing, and the threaded portion is screw- A screw coupling portion can be formed.

The cap may include an inflow passage for allowing a lubricating fluid to flow into the ball bearing and an outflow passage for discharging a lubricating fluid from the ball bearing.

Wherein the inflow path includes a first flow path formed in a direction crossing a longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft; And a second flow path communicated with the first flow path and formed to cross the first flow path, wherein the outflow path includes a third flow path formed in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the rotation axis; And a fourth flow path communicating with the third flow path and crossing the third flow path.

The multi-stage turbine system of the present invention can stably drive the overhead shaft structure and ensure the efficiency of the turbine.

In the multi-stage turbine system of the present invention, a ball bearing is installed on a rotary shaft, and a hollow beam and a cap are coupled to both ends of the ball bearing, so that the load transmitted to the rotary shaft is transmitted in the order of ball bearings, hollow beams, The load can be dispersed.

Even if there is no additional oil lubrication system, it is possible to ensure the rotation stability of the rotating body by self-lubrication of the grease and complete blocking with the external working fluid through the grease / oil chamber.

Further, in the multi-stage turbine system of the present invention, an oil flow path is formed in the cap, and an oil flow path is provided in the hollow beam, thereby making it possible to stably supply the lubricant to the ball bearing.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a first embodiment of a multi-stage turbine system and the flow of working fluid.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the coupling structure of one end of the rotation shaft in Fig. 1; Fig.
3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a second embodiment of a multi-stage turbine system and the flow of working fluid;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a coupling structure at one end of a rotating shaft in FIG. 3;
5 is a graph showing the results of whirling amplitude versus rotational speed;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar elements are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. The suffix "part" for the constituent elements used in the following description is to be given or mixed with consideration only for ease of specification, and does not have a meaning or role that distinguishes itself. In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of related arts will be omitted when it is determined that the gist of the embodiments disclosed herein may be blurred. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. , ≪ / RTI > equivalents, and alternatives.

Terms including ordinals, such as first, second, etc., may be used to describe various elements, but the elements are not limited to these terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element, although other elements may also be present in between.

The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the present application, the terms "comprises", "having", and the like are used to specify that a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the first embodiment of the multi-stage turbine system 100 and the flow of the working fluid, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of the second embodiment of the multi- to be. The structure of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 3. Fig.

The multi-stage turbine system (100, 200) of the present invention includes rotary shafts (120, 220) to which a plurality of radial blades are coupled. A plurality of rotor blades 125 and 225 are formed on each of the rotors 123 and 223 coupled to the rotating shafts 120 and 220 and stator blades 115 and 215 are provided adjacent to the housings 110 and 210 And may be formed in plural. 1 and 3, two rotors 123 and 223 are provided on the rotating shafts 120 and 220, and rotor blades 125 and 225 are rotatably supported on the rotors 123 and 223, respectively. Or four are shown. Stator blades 115 and 215 are formed on the inner circumference of the housings 110 and 210 so as to be spaced apart from the rotor blades 125 and 225. This increases the resistance of the working fluid between the rotor blades 125 and 225 and the stator blades 115 and 215 during rotation of the rotating shafts 120 and 220 to further improve the pump output.

A plurality of blades formed in the rotor blades 125 and 225 and the housings 110 and 210 are formed twice to form the multi-stage turbine systems 100 and 200, respectively.

The multi-stage turbine system 100 or 200 of the present invention includes housings 110 and 210, rotating shafts 120 and 220, ball bearings 130 and 230, and caps 140 and 240.

The housings 110 and 210 are configured to receive the rotating shafts 120 and 220. In addition, the housings 110 and 210 are provided with inlet ports 113 and 213, respectively, and the inlet ports 113 and 213 are provided with inlet spaces 113a and 213a to allow the working fluid to flow therein. The working fluid in the present invention may be a wet vapor of 170 to 200 占 폚. On the other hand, the housings 110 and 210 are provided with the outlets 116 and 216 to discharge the working fluid used for the turbine output.

The rotating shafts 120 and 220 are rotatably installed inside the housings 110 and 210. Figs. 1 and 3 show examples of the rotation shafts 120 and 220 arranged in the left-right direction.

The ball bearings 130 and 230 are installed in contact with the ends of the rotating shafts 120 and 220 to support the ends of the rotating shafts 120 and 220.

The ball bearings 130 and 230 may be installed on the outer or inner periphery of the ends of the rotating shafts 120 and 220 according to the shapes of the ends of the rotating shafts 120 and 220, Supports the load generated by the rotation, and rotates the rotating shafts 120 and 220.

The caps 140 and 240 are installed at the ends of the rotating shafts 120 and 220 so as to contact the ball bearings 130 and 230. The caps 140 and 240 block the bearing from the entry path of the working fluid. That is, the humid air of 160 to 200 ° C, which is generated when the waste heat is recovered, can seriously hinder the lubrication of the ball bearings 130 and 230 and the ball bearings 130 and 230 can be operated by the caps 140 and 240, So that it is possible to completely cut off and contribute to the stability of the system of the present invention.

In the multi-stage turbine system 100 or 200 of the present invention, the inlet ports 113 and 213 of the housings 110 and 210 are formed in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rotating shafts 120 and 220, do. 1 and 3 illustrate an example in which the inlet ports 113 and 213 are formed in the direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the rotating shafts 120 and 220 from the left side of the housings 110 and 210. Through the inlet ports 113 and 213, So that the working fluid can flow into the inside of the housings 110 and 210.

Accordingly, the multi-stage turbine system 100 or 200 of the present invention can stably drive the overhanging rotary shafts 120 and 220 and increase the efficiency of the entire system.

Hereinafter, the structure of the multi-stage turbine system of the present invention will be described in detail. The multi-stage turbine system of the present invention can be implemented in the first and second embodiments according to the coupling relationship of the rotating shaft, the ball bearing, and the cap.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the multi-stage turbine system 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. The multi-stage turbine system 100 of the first embodiment includes a ball bearing 130 installed to surround an outer periphery of an end portion of the rotating shaft 120, a cap 140 coupled to an outer periphery of the ball bearing 130, . The outer circumference of the cap 140 is spaced apart from the inner circumference of the housing 110 having the inlet 113 so that the working fluid flows between the outer circumference of the cap 140 and the inner circumference of the housing 110.

The multi-stage turbine system 100 in the first embodiment may be structured such that the outer ring of the ball bearing 130 is fixed and the inner ring rotates together with the rotary shaft 120.

In the multi-stage turbine system 100 of the first embodiment, the cap 140 may have a conical shape and may be installed concentrically with the end of the housing 110 in which the inlet 113 is formed. Further, the cap 140 is preferably made so that its outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 110, so as to ensure a sufficient flow path of the working fluid.

A sealing member 150 may be installed between the outer circumference of the end of the rotation shaft 120 and the inner circumference of the end of the cap 140. The sealing member 150 allows grease to be accommodated in the inner periphery of the cap 140, thereby enabling the ball bearing 130 to be lubricated. The sealing member 150 may be, for example, a labyrinth seal.

A plurality of support shafts 160 may be installed between the outer circumference of the cap 140 and the inner circumference of the housing 110 where the inlet port 113 is provided to support the cap 140 along the radial direction of the inner circumference of the housing 110 Referring to FIG. 1, an example in which an inlet 113 is formed between six support shafts 160 is shown.

1, a ball bearing 130a may be further installed on the other side of the inner circumference of the rotating shaft 120 and the housing 110. [

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the multi-stage turbine system 200 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. FIG.

In the multi-stage turbine system 200 of the second embodiment, the end portion of the rotary shaft 220 has a protrusion 226 protruding in the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 220 along the circumferential direction. The inner circumference of the protrusion 226 includes a ball bearing 230 are coupled to support a load applied to the rotary shaft 220.

That is, unlike the multi-stage turbine system 100 of the first embodiment, the multi-stage turbine system 200 of the second embodiment is provided with the ball bearings 230 on the inner circumference of the protrusion 226 formed at the end of the rotation shaft 220 .

4, the ball bearing 230 includes an inner ring 231 and an outer ring 235 that are configured to rotate relative to each other, a cage 237 disposed between the inner ring 231 and the outer ring 235, And a ball 236 disposed at a lower portion of the body. The inner ring 231 of the ball bearing 230 is fixed to a hollow beam 270 described later and the outer ring 235 rotates together with the rotation shaft 220 to enable stable driving.

A cap 240 for supporting the ball bearing 230 is installed at one end of the ball bearing 230 and a hollow beam 270 is brought into contact with the other end of the ball bearing 230, The beam 270 may be coupled to one end of the cap 240. 4, an example is shown in which the hollow beam 270 is disposed on the right side of the ball bearing 230 and the cap 240 is disposed on the left side.

The hollow beam 270 includes an inflow hole 271 through which the oil lubricated by the ball bearing 230 can flow, an oil flow path 275 through which the lubricant can pass, and a lubricant that can be flowed out through the ball bearing 230 And an outlet hole 273 for discharging the gas. The lubricant that lubricates the ball bearing 230 may be, for example, lubricating oil or grease. 4 shows an example in which an inflow hole 271 is formed in the upper part of the hollow beam 270 and an outflow hole 273 is formed in the lower part of the hollow beam 270 and an oil flow path 275 is formed therebetween Accordingly, the lubricant supplied to the ball bearing 230 can be supplied to the ball bearing 230, thereby lubricating the ball bearing 230 smoothly. The hollow beam 270 can be understood as a configuration capable of serving as a nozzle enabling the movement of the lubricant.

The hollow beam 270 is disposed so as to be able to contact the inner circumference of the ball bearing 230. A screw portion 277 protrudes from one end of the hollow beam 270 penetrating the ball bearing 230. A threaded portion 247 is formed at one end of the cap 240 so that the threaded portion 277 can be screwed into the cap 240 so that the hollow beam 270 is screwed into the cap 240. A threaded portion may be provided on the inner circumference of the threaded portion 247.

Accordingly, the load is transferred in order of the rotary shaft 220, the ball bearing 230, the hollow beam 270, and the cap 240 to disperse the load.

A sealing member 250 is provided between the cap 240 and the protrusion 226 of the rotating shaft 220 to enable sealing between the cap 240 and the rotating shaft 220. The sealing member 250 may be, for example, an O-ring or a labyrinth seal.

Meanwhile, in the multi-stage turbine system 200 of the second embodiment, the inlet channel 241 and the outlet channel 243 may be formed in the cap 240. The inflow channel 241 allows the lubricating fluid to flow into the ball bearing 230. 4 shows an example in which the inlet flow path 241 is composed of a first flow path 241a formed in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 220 and a second flow path 241b formed to cross the first flow path 241a Respectively. 4 shows a third flow path 243a formed in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft 220 and a fourth flow path 243b formed so as to cross the third flow path 243a Is shown.

A plurality of support shafts 260 for supporting the cap 240 may be installed along the radial direction between the outer circumference of the cap 240 and the inner circumference of the housing 210 where the inlet 213 is provided. And an inlet 213 is formed between the six support shafts 260.

3, two ball bearings 230a may be installed on the other side of the inner periphery of the rotary shaft 220 and the housing 210. [

The inflow channel 241 and the outflow channel 243 may communicate with a support shaft 260 having a receiving space therein. The support shaft 260 communicated with the inflow passage 241 allows the ball bearing 230 to be lubricated by supplying lubricant to the inflow passage 241 and the support shaft 260 communicated with the outflow passage 243 is allowed to flow out The lubricant is supplied from the oil line 243 so that the lubricant can be discharged.

Each of the inflow channel 241 and the outflow channel 243 may have a predetermined cross section and may be formed at each of the upper portion and the lower portion of the cap 240. The inflow channel 241 and the outflow channel 243 may be formed, And may have a circular cross section having a determined area.

Due to such a structure, the lubricant is moved in the order of the housing 210, the inflow channel 241 of the cap 240, the ball bearing 230, the hollow beam 270, and the outflow channel 243 of the cap 240 , The ball bearing 230 can be lubricated, completely isolated from the working fluid. On the other hand, the lubricant serves as a cooler for preventing overheating of the ball bearings 230, thereby ensuring stable driving of the ball bearings 230.

5 is a graph showing the results of whirling amplitude versus rotational speed. 5, in the multi-stage turbine system of the present invention, when the ball bearing was not applied, the swing amplitude was about 7.50E-01 at a rotational speed of 20000 rpm, but the swing amplitude at about 25,000 rpm was about 2.30 E-01.

The multi-stage turbine systems 100 and 200 described above are not limited to the configurations and the methods of the embodiments described above, but the embodiments may be configured such that all or some of the embodiments are selectively combined so that various modifications can be made. It is possible.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. Accordingly, the above description should not be construed in a limiting sense in all respects and should be considered illustrative. The scope of the present invention should be determined by rational interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the scope of equivalents of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

100, 200: Multi-stage turbine system
110: housing 113: inlet 116: outlet
120: rotating shaft 123: rotor 125: rotor blade
130: Ball bearing
140: cap
150: sealing member
160: Support shaft
210: Housing 213: Inlet 216: Outlet
220: rotating shaft 223: rotor 225: rotor blade 226:
230: ball bearing 231: inner ring 235: outer ring 236: ball 237: cage
240: Cap 241: Inflow channel 241a: First channel 241b: Second channel
243: Outflow channel 243a: Third channel 243b: Fourth channel 247: Screw connection part
250: sealing member
260: Support shaft
270: hollow beam 271: inflow hole 273: outflow hole 275: oil flow path

Claims (9)

A multi-stage turbine system having a rotary shaft coupled with a multi-stage radial blades,
A housing configured to receive the rotating shaft and having an inlet for introducing a working fluid;
A rotating shaft rotatably installed in the housing;
A ball bearing installed to be in contact with an end of the rotary shaft and supporting an end of the rotary shaft;
And a cap installed at an end of the rotary shaft to be in contact with the ball bearing,
Wherein the inlet is formed in a direction parallel to a longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft at an outer circumference of the rotary shaft.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the ball bearing is installed so as to surround an outer periphery of the end portion of the rotation shaft,
The cap is coupled to the outer periphery of the ball bearing to receive the ball bearing,
Wherein the outer circumference of the cap is spaced apart from the inner circumference of the housing in which the inlet port is provided to allow the working fluid to flow.
3. The method of claim 2,
A sealing member is provided between the outer periphery of the rotary shaft end and the inner periphery of the cap end,
Wherein the sealing member accommodates grease in the inner circumference of the cap to enable lubrication of the ball bearing.
3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein a plurality of support shafts, which are configured to support the cap, are provided along the radial direction between the outer periphery of the cap and the inner periphery of the housing in which the inlet is provided, and the inlet is formed between the plurality of support shafts Multistage turbine system.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the rotary shaft end portion has a projection protruding in a longitudinal direction of the rotary shaft along a circumferential direction, and a ball bearing is coupled to an inner circumference of the rotary shaft to support a load applied to the rotary shaft.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein a cap supporting the ball bearing is provided at one end of the ball bearing, and a hollow beam coupled to one end of the cap is installed at the other end of the ball bearing, Wherein a flow path of the lubricant is formed which enables the flow of the lubricant.
The method according to claim 6,
The hollow beam is disposed so as to be in contact with the inner circumference of the ball bearing. A threaded portion is protruded at one end of the hollow beam disposed at the inner periphery of the ball bearing, and the threaded portion is screw- Wherein a screw connection portion is formed in the turbine housing.
6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the cap includes an inflow passage for allowing a lubricating fluid to flow into the ball bearing and an outflow passage for discharging a lubricating fluid from the ball bearing.
9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the inflow path includes a first flow path formed in a direction crossing a longitudinal direction of the rotating shaft; And a second flow path communicating with the first flow path and formed to cross the first flow path,
The outflow channel includes a third flow channel formed in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction of the rotation shaft; And a fourth flow path communicating with the third flow path and formed to cross the third flow path.

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