KR20190073127A - Honey bee alternative feed composition using onion, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a honeybee feed substitute composition using an onion and a preparing method thereof, capable of obtaining honey with more excellent quality. The honeybee feed substitute composition comprises natural sugar derived from onion as an active ingredient, and further comprises at least one of fructose and pollen.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a honey bee alternative feed composition using onion,

The present invention relates to a honey bee substitute feed composition, and more particularly, to a honey bee substitute feed composition including onion-derived natural sugar and a method for producing the same.

Honey is a pure natural food that has long been available in nature and has been used as medicines and food for thousands of years by humans as the cheapest supreme sugar available on the planet. But there is no way to get honey from a plant flower unless it is a bee. In addition, one third of all the food that humans eat is produced by the water activity of insects such as bees. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 71 percent of the world's top 100 crops depend on bees.

Bees collect food from natural flowers, convert them into honey through their saliva, store it, and use honey again in the winter when food is scarce. If the prey is not enough, bees will die. Also, due to the recent extreme temperatures, it is becoming difficult for beekeepers to move honeybees from the north to the north and collect honey as before, as flowers bloom throughout the country. In this environment, pollen and sugar are mainly used as supplementary food or alternative food. In beekeeping farms, artificial diets (sugars), which are sucrose sugars of the same sugar content as those in the seeds of flowers, are widely used as sugar substitutes. However, the quality of the honey is deteriorated by feeding the sugar solution to the excess or poor quality food. Recent reports from the United States, which is actively researching alternative bee feeds, report that differences in bee prey can increase immune levels. So feeding with alternative food should be the best quality food. Also, it should be able to solve the real problem that the cost of production of beekeeping is increased because expensive sugar is used instead of livestock feed. In the case of edible sugar, the tax free rate does not apply because it is not recognized as a livestock feed. In addition, sugar is heavily dependent on imports and is subject to fluctuations in international sugar prices. Therefore, it is necessary to study the development of functional sugar feed products that can replace sugar.

Onion is an old seasoned vegetable cultivated in Korea, and many areas are cultivated every year in Korea. It is one of the most important vegetables for garlic, green onion, and pepper. Onion (Allium cepa L.) is a plant belonging to the alopecia and allium of the daffodil. Allium is usually classified as leek and some are classified as lilies. The nutrients are 90.4% of water, 1% of protein, 0.1% of fat and 7.6% of carbohydrate, and contains 7 mg of vitamin C, 15 mg of calcium and 30 mg of phosphorus in 100 g of onion. Onion is a cold tolerant plant that can grow in a variety of climatic conditions and is cultivated almost all over the world and has long been recorded as a food with spices. In particular, quercetin is known as an effective ingredient contained in onion, and quercetin has been reported to exhibit various physiological activities such as antiinflammatory activity, brain cell protection activity, anti-cancer activity, anti-diabetic activity, anti-obesity and anti-hypertension. In addition, the active ingredients such as quercetin in the skin of the onion are 60 times more than the inside, so that the content of the health functional ingredient can be improved by enzymatically digesting the skin. Onion contains propylallyl disulfide, allyl sulfide, and allyl sulfide, which are vaporized on heating and are dispersed into the air or replaced with propyl mercaptan It gives about 50 times the sweetness of sugar. However, when the onion is treated using the conventional heat treatment method, there is a problem that the active ingredient is broken due to the high temperature and the inherent odor of the onion remains.

As such, onions contain a number of highly beneficial ingredients, but they are often discarded due to lack of product value during production and distribution, which is a major cause of environmental pollution. In the case of overproduction, the price is also plummeted, which causes huge damage to the farmhouse.

To solve these problems, new applications need to be developed besides edible foods to increase consumption of onion.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a honey substitute feed composition comprising a functional onion saccharifying solution derived from onion instead of conventional sugar-based feed and containing various physiologically active substances contained in onion.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an economical and eco-friendly manufacturing method for producing a functional substitute for honey by pretreating an onion to be discarded.

The objects of the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned objects, and other objects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

In order to achieve the object of the present invention described above, the present invention provides an alternative feed composition for bees comprising an onion-derived natural sugar as an active ingredient.

In a preferred embodiment, the onion-derived natural sugar is obtained from an onion saccharification solution obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated onion.

In a preferred embodiment, it further comprises at least one of fructose and pollen.

In a preferred embodiment, the fructose comprises 2 to 5 g based on the onion-derived natural 50 brix, and the pollen is 1 to 2 g.

In addition, the present invention provides a method for treating an onion, comprising: a pretreatment step of pretreating an onion; A hydrolysis step of enzymatically hydrolyzing the pretreated onion to obtain an onion hydrolyzate; Removing the residual sulfur components and pigments contained in the onion hydrolyzate to obtain an onion saccharified liquid; And drying the onion saccharification solution to obtain a powdered onion-derived natural sugar.

In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises an addition step of adding at least one of the powdered onion-derived natural sugars fructose and pollen.

In a preferred embodiment, the pretreatment step is carried out by washing the prepared onions, placing them in a popper and treating them under a pressure of 2.5 to 3.5 Kgf / cm ² .

In a preferred embodiment, the hydrolyzing step comprises grinding the pretreated onion to prepare an onion sample; Preparing a hydrolytic enzyme by blending cellulase and pectinase at a predetermined ratio; And adding the onion sample and the hydrolase to a buffer and reacting.

In a preferred embodiment, the removal step is performed by passing the onion hydrolyzate through an EJ column.

In a preferred embodiment, the EJ column is formed by laminating two or more layers made of amberlite resin, diatomite, and cotton on an upper layer made of active carbon .

In a preferred embodiment, the adding step is performed such that the fructose is contained in a range of 2 to 5 g based on the powdery onion-derived natural sugar 50 brix, and the pollen is contained in a range of 1 to 2 g do.

In a preferred embodiment, the onion saccharification solution further comprises filtering before drying.

First, according to the present invention, the quality of honey obtained from sugar-containing feeds including a functional saccharifying liquid derived from onion instead of conventional sugar-containing feedstuffs and various physiologically active substances contained in onions can be excellent.

Further, according to the present invention, since the onion to be disposed of is recycled, it is economical and eco-friendly.

The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following description.

1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a method for producing natural sugar derived from onion according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the analysis of the monosaccharide component of the onion saccharified liquid after HPLC before the enzymatic hydrolysis in each step of the production method shown in FIG. 1 by HPLC.
FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the EJ column used in the present invention, and FIG. 3B is a photograph showing the color change of onion saccharified solution before and after the EJ column in the manufacturing method shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing an onion saccharification solution prepared by the method of the present invention, an onion saccharification solution prepared by a conventional method, and an insect saccharification ratio after ingesting a sulfur-removed saccharified solution through an EJ column without pretreatment.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing food consumption per bee marine according to changes in composition of bee alternative feed compositions obtained in the examples of the present invention. FIG.

Although the terms used in the present invention have been selected as general terms that are widely used at present, there are some terms selected arbitrarily by the applicant in a specific case. In this case, the meaning described or used in the detailed description part of the invention The meaning must be grasped.

Hereinafter, the technical structure of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described herein but may be embodied in other forms. Like reference numerals used to describe the present invention throughout the specification denote like elements.

A technical feature of the present invention is to develop a honey substitute feed composition comprising a functional saccharifying liquid derived from onion instead of conventional sugar and containing various physiologically active substances contained in onion, and a method for producing the same.

In other words, in general, onion is saccharified without pretreatment, and the bee is killed when the bee eats the onion saccharification product. So far, no onion saccharification product has been used as a substitute for bees. However, as will be described later, the onion natural sugar derived from the pretreated onion of the present invention can significantly reduce the mortality of bees.

Therefore, the bee replacement dietary composition of the present invention contains onion-derived natural sugar as an active ingredient. Here, the onion-derived natural sugar can be obtained from an onion saccharification solution obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated onion.

In addition, it may further contain other active ingredients besides onion derived natural sugars, in particular, one or more of fructose and pollen. In the present invention, fructose may be any known fructose. For example, fructose obtained by enzymatically hydrolyzing a fruit may be used. As an embodiment, a bee alternative feed composition comprising 2 to 5 g of fructose based on 50 brix of natural sugar derived from onion, a bee alternative feed composition containing 1 to 2 g of pollen on the basis of onion-derived natural sugar 50 brix, 2 to 5 g based on 50 brix, and 1 to 2 g of Pollen.

In addition, the method of the present invention for preparing an alternative bee composition includes a pre-treatment step of pre-treating onion; A hydrolysis step of enzymatically hydrolyzing the pretreated onion to obtain an onion hydrolyzate; Removing the residual sulfur components and pigments contained in the onion hydrolyzate to obtain an onion saccharified liquid; And drying the onion saccharified liquid to obtain powdered onion-derived natural sugar.

1, an onion is prepared and an onion is pre-popped. In the pre-treatment step, an onion prepared as an embodiment is washed and then put into a popping machine and subjected to a pre-treatment in an amount of 2.5 to 3.5 Kgf / cm < ² > pressure.

When the pressure of the popper is out of a given range, that is, when the pressure is less than 2.5 Kgf / cm ^{2, the} pretreatment effect hardly occurs. When the pressure exceeds 3.5 Kgf / cm ² , It is not suitable for saccharification. In some cases, pretreatment may be performed on only the onion skin.

The hydrolysis step comprises: preparing an onion sample by pulverizing the pretreated onion; Preparing a hydrolytic enzyme by blending cellulase and pectinase at a predetermined ratio; And adding the onion sample and the hydrolase to a buffer and reacting the same. The hydrolytic enzyme can be used for the enzyme recycling when the immobilized enzyme prepared by blending the cellulase and the pectinase at a certain ratio is used, thereby reducing the production cost. Further, in order to find the optimal blending ratio of cellulase and pectinase, it was found that cellulase and pectinase were contained at a weight ratio of 1: 1.5 to 1: 3.5 Respectively.

The removal step is carried out by passing the onion hydrolyzate through an EJ column, where the EJ column is composed of two layers of amberlite resin, diatomite, and cotton on top of the lower layer of active carbon. Or more layers may be stacked. As shown in FIG. 3A in which one embodiment of the EJ column is shown, the EJ column can be realized by sequentially stacking an activated carbon layer, an embolite resin layer, and a cotton layer. When the onion hydrolyzate is passed through the thus constructed EJ column, it is not removed through pretreatment through the laminated layer such as the activated carbon layer, and the remaining harmful components such as residual sulfur component, potential solids, phenol compounds, pigments and heavy metals are removed .

In addition, to remove potential residues contained in the onion saccharification solution passed through the EJ column, including foreign substances separated from the activated carbon layer contained in the EJ filter, etc., the onion saccharification solution was dried using a membrane filter Further filtering the onion saccharified liquid may be performed.

In order to further improve the functionality of the bee replacement diets, if necessary, an additional step of adding various functional ingredients to the powdered onion-derived natural sugars may be further included, and the further functional ingredient may be one or more of fructose and pollen . Here, the adding step may be carried out so that the fructose is contained within the range of 2 to 5 g based on the powdered onion-derived natural sugar 50 brix, or the pollen is contained within the range of 1 to 2 g, For example, fructose and / or pollen may be added within the above range on the basis of 50 ml of a solution prepared from 50 brix by adding powdered onion-derived natural sugar to a solvent.

Example 1

1. Pre-processing step

The prepared onions were washed and then pretreated using a popping machine at 203 ° C and 3 Kgf / cm ² pressure.

2. Hydrolysis step

 In order to produce efficient onion-derived natural sugars, onion hydrolyzate was obtained by performing the enzyme hydrolysis process using cellulase and pectinase as follows.

Prepare 10% (w / w) of cellulase and 20 mL of pectinase in a weight ratio of 1: 2. Add 100 g of pre-treated onion to 50 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.8) .

3. Removal steps

Onion hydrolysates produced by enzymatic hydrolysis are brownish in color and contain sulfur. Therefore, when used as a substitute for honey bees, the larvae rate is increased. To solve this problem, EJ column is used to remove .

The EJ column was prepared by sequentially filling a glass tube with an active carbon layer, amberlite resin and cotton as shown in FIG. 3A, and the onion hydrolyzate was applied to the cotton layer, the amberlite resin layer And an activated carbon layer were successively passed through the separation step to obtain an onion saccharified liquid from which residual sulfur components and pigments were removed.

4. Filtering step

The onion saccharified solution obtained through the EJ column was filtered using a 0.25-μm membrane filter to remove potential impurities originating from the EJ column such as activated carbon.

5. Drying stage

The onion saccharification solution was lyophilized to remove the solvent, and powdery onion-derived natural sugar was obtained.

Example 2

The powdered onion-derived natural sugar obtained in Example 1 was mixed with water to prepare a bee alternative feed composition 1 having a sugar content of 50 brix.

Comparative Example 1

100 g of the onion sample was added to 50 mM sodium citrate buffer (pH 4.8), adjusted to a concentration of 10% (w / w), and then 10 mL of cellulase and 20 mL of pectinase were added and reacted at 45 ° C. for 12 hours. 1, the onion saccharification solution was lyophilized to remove the solvent, and onion sugar 1 (Onion sugar) obtained from the comparative example was obtained.

Comparative Example 2

Comparative Example Onion saccharified liquid 2 and Comparative Example 2 (Oinon suagr-removal sulfur) were prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1, except that the onion saccharified liquid 1 was further passed through an EJ column. .

Experimental Example 1

Table 1 shows the analysis results of sugar content of onion by Gas Chromatography. Table 1 shows the analysis of the sugar components contained on the dry weight of the onion by GC.

As shown in Table 1, the monosaccharide content of the onion was 68.2%, which was 10.2% of sucrose, 21.6% of glucose, 25.7% of fructose, 0.4% of rhamnose, 0.7% of arabinose, 0.8% of xylose, 0.3% of mannose and 2.6% And glucose and fructose account for 69% of the total.

Experimental Example 2

Samples were taken from the onion hydrolyzate obtained in the hydrolysis step of Example 1 and subjected to sugar analysis using HPLC. The results are shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the hydrolyzed sucrose was converted to glucose and fructose by enzymatic hydrolysis. As a result, it was confirmed that the content of glucose and fructose increased after hydrolysis.

Experimental Example 3

The onion hydrolyzate obtained in the hydrolysis step of Example 1 and the EJ column were used to perform the color removal step, and the color removal of the onion glycosylated liquid obtained was examined. The results are shown in FIG. 3B.

As shown in FIG. 3B, the onion hydrolyzate before passing through the EJ column had a brown color, but the onion saccharified liquid after passing through the EJ column was transparent. When the EJ column was used, the color was changed from brown to colorless to remove the pigment Able to know.

Experimental Example 4

The sulfur content of the onion saccharified liquid (EJ Column) obtained after performing the dye removal step using the EJ column in Example 1 and the comparative example onion saccharified liquid 1 (control) obtained by enzyme saccharification of the onion without the pretreatment in Comparative Example 1 And the odor intensity were measured. The results are shown in Table 2. To analyze the sulfur content of the onion saccharified solution, each solution was lyophilized to remove the solvent and analyzed for sulfur content using ICP. Each odor elimination experiment, which was caused by the sulfur component, was taken directly by the user. ++: odor, +: odor weak, -: odor elimination.

As can be seen from the following Table 2, the onion saccharified liquid obtained by the conventional method contains not only a large amount of sulfur components but also a very high odor intensity. However, the onion saccharified liquid obtained by the method of the present invention has extremely low sulfur content, Was found to be about 98.5%, and no odor was found.

Experimental Example 5

The sugar content of the natural sugar derived from the onion obtained in Example 1 was respectively adjusted to 1% to 15% (w / v), and the sugar content of each sugar was measured in comparison with that of sucrose and glucose. Respectively.

From Table 3 below, it can be seen that there is little difference in the values.

Experimental Example 6

A bee alternative animal feed composition 1 containing a powdered onion-derived natural sugar obtained in Example 2 and a comparative example An alternative animal feed composition containing an onion-derived natural sugars 1 and 2 were tested for alternative feed candidates using a Western bees ( Apis mellifera ) Respectively. 100 bees per cage were prepared and mixed with the sugar solution (sugar: water = 50: 50) to prepare a sugar solution having a sugar concentration of 50 brix. After the treatment, the mortality was measured and the results are shown in FIG.

In FIG. 4, the substitute feed composition containing onion sugar from onion 1 and onion sugar-removed sulfur 2 from onion had a very high mortality of 97% and 66%, respectively, It can be seen that the onion popping composition 1 of bee containing natural sugar of the present invention has a remarkably reduced mortality of 2 to 3%.

 These results are expected to be effective due to removal of phenolic compounds affecting sulfur and other bees in the pre-popping process according to the conditions of the present invention.

Example 3

(Op2) was prepared by further performing the addition step of adding 1.0 g of the pollen based on the powdery onion-derived natural sugar 50 brix obtained in Example 1.

Example 4

A bee alternative feed composition 3 (Op3) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 2.0 g of pollen was added.

Example 5

A bee alternative feed composition 4 (Op4) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 1.0 g of pollen and 2.0 g of fructose were added.

Example 6

A bee alternative feed composition 5 (Op5) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that 1.0 g of pollen and 2.5 g of fructose were added.

Example 7

A bee replacement feed composition 6 (Op6) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 2.0 g of pollen and 2.5 g of fructose were added.

Example 8

A bee alternative feed composition 7 (Op7) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that 1.0 g of pollen and 5 g of fructose were added.

Example 9

A bee alternative feed composition 8 (Op8) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that 2.0 g of pollen and 5 g of fructose were added.

Experimental Example 7

To increase the efficacy of the produced onion replacement honey bee feed, the honey bee alternative feed composition 1 (Op1) containing the onion-derived natural sugar of Example 1 and the honey bee alternative feed compositions 2 to 8 obtained in Examples 3 to 8 ( Apis mellifera ) were used for cage experiments. 100 bees were prepared per cage and mixed with sugar solution (sugar: water = 50: 50) to prepare 50 brix of sugar. After the treatments, food consumption was observed for two days, 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, the consumption of the food was rather increased as compared with the sugar used as the control. In addition, it was found that the consumption of food was further increased when the functional ingredient was added in comparison with the bee alternative composition 1 (Op1) containing only onion derived natural sugar.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, Various changes and modifications will be possible.

Claims (12)

A bee alternative feed composition comprising onion derived natural sugar as an active ingredient.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the onion-derived natural sugar is obtained from an onion saccharification liquid obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated onion.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2,
Wherein the composition further comprises at least one of fructose and pollen.
The method of claim 3,
Wherein the fructose comprises 2 to 5 g based on the onion-derived natural sugar 50 brix, and the pollen is contained in an amount of 1 to 2 g.
A pretreatment step of pretreating the onion;
A hydrolysis step of enzymatically hydrolyzing the pretreated onion to obtain an onion hydrolyzate;
Removing the residual sulfur components and pigments contained in the onion hydrolyzate to obtain an onion saccharified liquid; And
And drying the onion saccharified liquid to obtain a powdered onion-derived natural sugar.
6. The method of claim 5,
Further comprising the step of adding at least one of the powdered onion-derived natural sugars fructose and pollen.
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
Wherein the pretreatment step is carried out by washing the prepared onion and putting it in a popping machine and treating it under a pressure of 2.5 to 3.5 Kgf / cm ² .
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
The hydrolyzing step may include grinding the pretreated onion to prepare an onion sample; Preparing a hydrolytic enzyme by blending cellulase and pectinase at a predetermined ratio; And adding the onion sample and the hydrolase to a buffer and reacting the same.
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
Wherein the removing step is performed by passing the onion hydrolyzate through an EJ column.
10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the EJ column is formed by stacking at least two layers of amberlite resin, diatomite, and cotton on the upper layer made of active carbon. ≪ / RTI >
The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the adding step is carried out so that the fructose is contained in a range of 2 to 5 g based on the powdered onion-derived natural sugar 50 brix, and the pollen is contained in a range of 1 to 2 g. ≪ / RTI >
The method according to claim 5 or 6,
Further comprising filtering the onion saccharification solution prior to drying. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 21. < / RTI >

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