KR20190059059A - Manufacturing Apparatus of Chemical Reinforcement Glass using Space integral type - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a tempered glass by chemical substitution on a glass added with oxidized alkali, which comprises: a fixture having an uneven guide plate disposed at a side surface contact point and a lower contact point of a glass to be mounted, and a coil spring mounted at a lower portion being in contact with the guide plate to reduce damage caused by impact; a preheating and cooling apparatus having an exposed upper surface, a passage at a side surface thereof to allow the fixture to enter, a hole at the other side surface to allow wind and liquid to pass therethrough, and a heater between holds to increase and decrease a temperature when the glass mounted on the fixture is inserted through the passage; a reinforcement apparatus mounted with an opening/closing type door for preventing water leakage at a side surface thereof by surrounding the preheating and cooling apparatus, and immersing a potassium nitrate solution for 4 hours or more; a storage apparatus for storing and supplying the potassium nitrate solution to the reinforcement apparatus; a transfer apparatus for transferring potassium nitrate connected between the reinforcement apparatus and the storage apparatus; and a washing apparatus for washing the glass mounted on the fixture discharged from the reinforcement apparatus with water.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing a space-

More particularly, the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing tempered glass through chemical substitution. More specifically, sodium or lithium component of glass containing alkali oxide is substituted with potassium potassium nitrate through preheating, substitution, cooling, Cleaning, and drying the glass surface to a high-strength tempered glass. The apparatus can concentrate each process in a single space to reduce heat loss, thereby increasing the strength and reducing defects.

The need for tempered glass has long been evident. It is necessary to reduce scratches on the touch screen, to reduce the damage of the human body due to breakage of the glass, to reduce damage caused by the earthquake in the high-rise buildings, and to reduce damage from the hail. Tempered glass is also essential when using glass scaffolds that look down on sightseeing spots, or on airplanes, trains, and automobiles.

The characteristics of ordinary glass are absolutely vulnerable to impacts such as impact and bending, and the larger the size, the more exponentially. It is tempered glass with increased surface strength, impact resistance, resilience, bending stress, heat resistance and tensile strength by increasing the strength by adding stress through the chemical substitution of the surface of such ordinary glass.

Toughened glass is generally manufactured by etching, tempering, chemical strengthening, etc. Etching strengthening not only lowers the light transmittance but also reduces the strength of the glass surface by bending it. Heat strengthening is a method commonly used for thick plate glass. After heating the glass at a high temperature of about 700 degrees Celsius for a certain time, the glass is rapidly quenched by cold wind to cause compressive stress on the surface of the glass, To increase the strength of the glass. The disadvantage is that it can be applied only to glass having a thickness of 3.2 mm or more. Thin sheet glass with a thickness of 2.8mm or less can be strengthened due to the mechanism of utilizing the temperature difference between the inside and the outside which is used in heat strengthening, and because of its thin thickness, it can be easily melted and deformed and distorted.

The study of chemical strengthening by ion exchange was conducted in the 1960s and the basic principles have been established, but no major progress has been made in recent years. In addition, glass products tend to be replaced by plastics, and the market for glass tends to decrease. The reason why we are not making great progress in recent years is that the defect rate has increased due to various problems. If there is a slight deviation of the flaw and the strength, or when tensile stress is applied, stress concentration occurs at the tip of the Griffith flaw and the material breaks as cracks occur.

Chemical strengthening is applied to glass with sodium oxide added. It is a method of generating compressive stress on the surface of glass by replacing sodium ion with small ionic radius on glass surface with potassium ion with large ionic radius. Nitrate is used as the reinforcing salt because the alkali nitrate melts below the transition point of the glass. Nitrate can be used to increase strength when mixed with other alkali salts. The change in compressive stress was examined when the soda lime glass was immersed in a reinforcing salt (475 ° C) in which potassium nitrate was mixed with potassium carbonate for about 3.5 hours. As a result of the experiment, the case of replacing potassium carbonate by several% than potassium nitrate of 100% showed high stress under the same condition. In chemical strengthening, ion exchange occurs by diffusion. Therefore, the amount of ion exchange is proportional to 1/2 power of time according to Fick's law. It can be seen that four times as much time is required to double the stress depth and a considerable strengthening time is required depending on the depth of the stress layer. For example, when the soda lime glass was ion-exchanged in KNO3, the change of bending strength with tempering temperature and time was measured. It was found that the maximum value of the bending strength according to the strengthening time was the maximum value in a short time as the strengthening temperature was high. In other words, there is a difficulty to produce in the direction of lengthening the time or increasing the temperature.

In recent years, however, demand for tempered glass has been increasing steadily, and it has been required to effectively reduce the chemical strengthening process and to develop a manufacturing apparatus for chemical tempered glass which is free from the size, thickness and shape.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to manufacture a chemical tempered glass having high strength, impact resistance, elastic resilience and high elongation using ordinary glass. It is aimed to manufacture tempered glass which can be applied to all kinds of industries, regardless of size, thickness, shape, and unconventional special glass such as automobile curved glass and color glass.

Particularly, it is possible to produce glass by preparing each step of preheating, strengthening, cooling, and air cooling, which is a conventional manufacturing method of chemical tempered glass, in respective spaces and facilities. In the present invention, preheating, tempering, cooling, And it is aimed to reduce the heat loss generated in the process of transferring the glass by each process, which is a disadvantage in the conventional chemical tempered glass manufacturing method, thereby further increasing the strength of the product and further minimizing the defect.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following apparatuses and procedures.

A glass plate 10 to which alkali oxide (Na 2 O, Li 2 O) is added is mounted and a concave-convex guide plate 11 capable of placing the glass 10 is disposed at a side contact point and a lower contact point And a jig 100 for mounting a coil spring 12 on a lower portion contacting the guide plate 11 to reduce damage due to an impact. The coil spring 12 is attached to the lower portion of the guide plate 11 so that the coil spring 12 is uniformly distributed on the lower surface of the guide plate 11 so as to prevent the load from being concentrated.

The upper surface is exposed and the side surface is provided with a passage 20 through which the jig 100 can enter and exit and another side has a hole 21 through which wind and liquid can pass. A temperature sensor capable of measuring the inside temperature and a temperature adjusting device 33 capable of adjusting the temperature from the outside when the glass 10 mounted on the fixture 100 is inserted through the passageway 20 And a preheating and cooling device 200 having a preheating and cooling function capable of repeatedly raising and lowering the temperature in a unit of about 40 degrees Celsius and capable of raising and lowering temperature to 350 to 440 degrees Celsius at normal temperature.

A reinforcing device 300 for enclosing the preheating cooling device 200 from the outside and equipped with a door 30 for preventing water leakage and immersing the potassium nitrate solution for 4 hours or more, And a storage device 400 capable of storing, storing, and supplying a potassium nitrate solution in advance at a temperature of about 350 degrees Celsius. And a transfer device 500 capable of transferring potassium nitrate connected between the reinforcing device 300 and the storage device 400. In the middle of the transfer device 500, A pump 50 and a valve 51 for supplying potassium nitrate to the reinforcing device 300 are provided. A flow rate gauge 32 for measuring the flow rate of potassium nitrate is installed on the outer side of the reinforcing device 300 to measure the amount of potassium nitrate and when the amount of potassium nitrate reaches a proper amount, To adjust the amount. A low-speed propeller 31 is mounted on the inner upper surface of the reinforcing device 300 to which potassium nitrate is supplied to flow air and potassium nitrate so that the internal temperature becomes 1 degree or less. When the potassium nitrate is supplied to the tempering apparatus 300 and the glass 10 is immersed in the glass for more than 4 hours, the temperature should be kept at 440 degrees Celsius, which is more than 40 degrees Celsius higher than the boiling point of potassium nitrate.

When the immersion operation for about 4 hours is completed in the reinforcing device 300, potassium nitrate is discharged to the storage device 400 through the transfer device 500. At this time, it is necessary to pay attention to the residual potassium nitrate. When the discharge is completed, the inside of the preheat cooling apparatus 200 is heated and cooled at a temperature of about 40 degrees Celsius through the temperature control unit 33 of the tempering apparatus 300 And cool to 80 degrees Celsius.

When the inside of the preheating cooling apparatus 200 is cooled to 80 degrees Celsius, the opening and closing door 30 of the reinforcing apparatus 300 is opened and the air cooling time is rapidly cooled down to 30 degrees in natural or atmospheric conditions.

The washing apparatus 600 includes an auxiliary water tank connected to the outside, and the water tank is equipped with water, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller 33, The cleaning apparatus 600 is maintained at a temperature of about 80 degrees. When the inside of the preheating cooling apparatus 200 is cooled to 30 degrees after the air cooling time has elapsed, the cleaning apparatus 600 capable of discharging the jig 100 equipped with the glass 10 and washing it with water, Lt; / RTI > At this time, the fixture 100 is immersed in the hot water of the cleaning device 600 for about 20 minutes to release unbalanced stress of the glass 10 substituted with potassium. When the jig 100 is in hot water for about 20 minutes, hot water is returned to the auxiliary water tank.

The upper surface of the washing apparatus 600 is equipped with a nozzle capable of spraying a plurality of water so that washing and drying can be performed.

In the conventional tempered glass manufacturing apparatus, it is possible to manufacture the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus only by securing the respective spaces and equipments in the four or more steps of preheating, strengthening, cooling, and air cooling except for the washing step. However, Air cooling does not cause double cost of space and equipment. In addition, in conventional devices, it is possible to reduce uneven stress concentration inside the glass by reducing the heat loss generated in the middle of moving the glass by each process, and the strength is further increased.

The tempered glass produced by the tempered glass producing apparatus of the present invention is higher than the conventional tempered glass in terms of surface strength, impact resistance, resilience, bending stress, heat resistance and tensile strength. The tensile strength is increased by a factor of four, and the strength of the conventional tempered glass is doubled, and the elastic resilience and tensile strength are increased by a factor of 1.2.

The glass produced in this tempered glass manufacturing apparatus can minimize the damage that can damage the body because sharp edges are not generated even if it is damaged in a severe environment.

In addition, it can be applied to special glass such as color glass, translucent glass, ultraviolet shielding glass, regardless of thickness and shape.

1 is a conceptual diagram of an apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass of the present invention.
2 is a space layout diagram of the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a manufacturing process diagram of a tempered glass to be manufactured according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a detailed process diagram illustrating each process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a jig equipped with a glass to which alkali metal oxide is added according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a schematic view showing a preheating cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a reinforcement device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a schematic diagram showing a storage device and a transfer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description of the present invention are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, It should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be present.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass by replacing sodium or lithium molecules with potassium molecules of potassium nitrate in a glass to which alkali oxide (Na 2 O, Li 2 O) is added, 200, tempering device 300, storage device 400, transfer device 500, and cleaning device 600, and capable of strengthening glass having a thickness of 1 to 20 mm regardless of its thickness and shape .

The substitution method according to the manufacturing method of the tempered glass used in the present invention is the potassium substitution method. The potassium substitution method is a method in which when sodium oxide or lithium oxide and potassium nitrate are mixed, the sodium component of sodium oxide or the lithium component of lithium oxide and the potassium component of potassium nitrate are substituted and ions are substituted with sodium nitrate or lithium nitrate and potassium oxide . When the potassium ion (1.6A) having a larger ion radius than the sodium ion (1.1A) is substituted, large potassium is contained in a small space where sodium exists, so that the surroundings of the substituted potassium ion are subjected to stress, And the glass surface is strengthened. This is also the same as the method of mixing lithium oxide and potassium nitrate by substitution. The strength after strengthening the glass with lithium oxide is twice as high as the strength after strengthening the glass with sodium oxide. This is because the lithium ion (0.8A) is smaller than the sodium ion (1.1A).

1 is a schematic diagram showing a chemical tempered glass manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The upper surface is exposed and the side surface is provided with a passage 20 through which the jig 100 can enter and out and wind and liquid can pass through the other side. And a heater 22 is provided between the hole and the hole so that when the glass 10 mounted on the fixture 100 is inserted through the passage 20, It is equipped with temperature sensor (33) which can adjust the temperature from outside and it can repeat the temperature rise and normal temperature in about 40 degree unit. It can preheat and cool down to 350 ~ 440 degree temperature A reinforcing device 300 which surrounds the preheating cooling device 200 and has a side opening door 30 for preventing leakage of potassium nitrate solution for 4 hours or more, It is possible to store and supply the potassium nitrate solution to the reactor 300 A transfer device 500 for transferring potassium nitrate connected between the reinforcing device 300 and the storage device 400 and a transfer device 500 for transferring potassium nitrate between the reinforcing device 300 and the storage device 400. [ And a washing device 600 capable of washing the glass 10 mounted on the washing machine 100 with water.

2 is a space layout diagram when the apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass 10 is installed. The preheating cooling apparatus 200 is disposed inside the tempering apparatus 300 and the jig 100 is mounted in the preheating cooling apparatus 200 to improve the efficiency of space utilization. The storage device 400 is disposed outside the reinforcing device 300 to store and supply potassium nitrate. The cleaning device 600 is also disposed outside the reinforcing device 400.

3 is a process diagram showing a process for manufacturing the chemical tempered glass 10. The manufacturing method of manufacturing the chemical tempered glass using the tempered glass producing apparatus of the present invention is described. The glass 10 is mounted on the jig S1 and the preheating S2 is followed by the tempering step S3 and the cooling step S4. .

FIG. 4 is a detailed process diagram illustrating each process according to an embodiment of the present invention. (S1) the glass (10) to which the alkali oxide is added to the jig (100), mounting the jig (100) to the preheat cooling device (200) (S3) by supplying potassium nitrate to the reinforcing device (300) and immersing it at 440 degrees Celsius for at least 4 hours, locking the door (30) and preheating (S2) (S4) discharging potassium nitrate in the storage device (300) to the storage device (400) and gradual cooling stepwise to 80 degrees (S4); opening the opening and closing door (30) (S5), and the jig 100 is discharged from the tempering apparatus 300 to the charger 600. After the jig 100 is loosened for about 20 minutes in hot water of 80 degrees Celsius, it is washed and dried The process proceeds to the washing step S6.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for manufacturing a chemical-tempered glass according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail and a description of the manufacturing process will be described in detail.

First, the glass 10 to which the alkali oxide is added is mounted on the fixture 100 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The size of the glass to be reinforced generally varies depending on the size of the glass to be manufactured. The size of the glass to be reinforced is 2500 x 2500 x 20 mm, so that the glass 10 can be placed on the side and bottom of the jig 100 The size of the irregular guide plate 11 should be about 2800 x 2800 x 2500 mm and the material of the guide plate 11 should be made of a special fiber material that can mitigate the impact. A coil spring 12 is mounted on the lower portion contacting with the guide plate 11 to reduce damage due to an impact and the total size of the fixture 100 is about 3000 x 3000 x 2700 mm. 3 and 4.

Particularly, since the guide plate 11 and the glass 10 are in contact with each other, potassium substitution is hindered. In order to minimize disturbance, concave and convex portions are provided on the concavo-convex portions of the side surface and the bottom surface of the guide plate. The interval between the concavo-convex portions of the guide plate 11 is set so that the distance between the glass and the glass is at least 40 mm or more when the glass 10 is placed, and the glass 10 is placed thereon. This is to ensure that a solution of potassium nitrate or air can flow smoothly.

Next, a preheating cooling apparatus 200 is provided as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The upper surface of the preheat cooling apparatus 200 is exposed and the side surface has a passage 20 through which the jig 100 can enter and exit and the other side has a hole 21 through which wind and liquid can pass, A heater 22, and a temperature controller 33 connected to the outside through a temperature sensor.

Next, a reinforcing device 300 is provided as in the embodiment shown in FIG. The reinforcing device 300 surrounds the preheating cooling device 200 and is equipped with a door 30 for preventing water leakage. The upper surface of the reinforcing device 300 includes a propeller 31 capable of flowing air and potassium nitrate at low speed, On the side is a gauge 32 for measuring the amount of potassium nitrate. When the jig 100 is mounted on the preheat cooling device 200 and the door 30 of the reinforcing device 300 is closed, the preheat cooling device 200 is removed from the heater 22 and the temperature control device 33, The temperature of the inside of the furnace is raised to 350 degrees Celsius by repeatedly raising the temperature to 40 degrees Celsius at normal temperature. 3 and 4.

Next, a storage device 400 for storing and supplying potassium nitrate and a transfer device 500 for transferring potassium nitrate are provided as in the embodiment shown in FIG. A heater and a temperature sensor are installed in the storage device 400, and a temperature controller 40 is attached to the outside of the storage device 400 so that the temperature of the storage device 400 is kept at 350 degrees. The transfer device 500 is equipped with a transfer pump 50 for assisting the transfer of potassium nitrate and a valve 51 for starting and stopping the supply of potassium nitrate.

When the internal temperature of the preheating cooling apparatus 200 inside the tempering apparatus 300 is raised to 350 degrees Celsius, the temperature of the inside of the tempering apparatus 300 through the storage apparatus 400 and the transferring apparatus 500 To which potassium nitrate is added. The amount of potassium nitrate is sufficiently charged by the height of the fixture 100 to the tempering apparatus 300 and the internal temperature of the tempering apparatus 300 and the preheating cooling apparatus 200 is maintained at 440 degrees Celsius for 4 hours So that the glass 10 is immersed. At this time, the propeller 31 mounted on the upper surface of the reinforcing device 300 is rotated at a low speed so that the deviation of the potassium nitrate from the temperature is less than 1 degree. 3 and Fig. 4.

Next, when the immersion process for 4 hours is completed in the tempering apparatus 300, the potassium substitution is completed. And the potassium nitrate in the reinforcing device 300 is discharged to the storage device 400 through the transfer device 500 again. At this time, care should be taken that the remaining potassium nitrate does not remain inside. When the discharge of potassium nitrate is completed, the internal temperature of the preheating cooling apparatus 200 inside the tempering apparatus 300 is repeatedly lowered to 80 degrees Celsius by repeatedly warming the temperature to about 40 degrees Celsius. 3 and 4.

Next, if the internal temperature of the preheat cooling apparatus 200 inside the tempering apparatus 300 is lowered to 80 degrees Celsius, the opening and closing door 30 of the reinforcing cloth 300 is opened, And the jig 100 installed in the preheating and cooling device 200 are air-cooled to room temperature in an air-conditioned state. 3 and FIG. 4, respectively.

Next, a cleaning apparatus 600 capable of washing the glass 10 with water is provided. In the washing apparatus 600, hot water is supplied from the hot water tank and maintained at a temperature of 80 degrees. When the air cooling process is completed, the jig 100 mounted inside the tempering apparatus 300 and the preheating cooling apparatus 200 is discharged and immersed in the hot water of the washing apparatus 600 for about 20 minutes . The unloading process can reduce unbalanced stress concentration due to the substituted potassium component on the surface of the glass 10.

When the unwinding process is completed, the internal hot water of the washing apparatus 600 is discharged to the hot water tank, and the washing water is washed again through the nozzle mounted on the upper surface of the washing apparatus 600. When the washing process with water is completed, the surface of the glass 10 is blown with an air sprayer, followed by a second washing and drying process. 3 and FIG. 4, respectively.

As described above, the tempered glass produced by the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is higher than the surface strength, impact resistance, resilience, bending stress, heat resistance and tensile strength of the conventional tempered glass, The elasticity and tensile strength of the glass are increased by a factor of four, twice the strength of the conventional tempered glass, and the resilience and tensile strength of the glass are increased by a factor of 1.2.

10 Glass
11 guide plate
12 coil spring
20 passage
21 holes
22 Heater
30 retractable door
31 Propeller
32 Flow Gauge
33 Thermostats
40 Thermostats
50 feed pump
51 valve
100 jiggies
200 Preheating cooling system
300 reinforcement device
400 storage device
500 Feeding Device
600 Cleaning device

Claims (6)

A glass plate to which an alkali oxide is added is mounted and a concave and convex guide plate for placing the glass on the side contact and the lower contact which are in contact with the glass are disposed and a coil spring is attached to the lower portion in contact with the guide plate, A jig 100 for reducing breakage;

The upper surface is exposed, the side surface has a passage through which the jig 100 can enter and exit, and the other side has a hole through which wind and liquid can pass, and a heater is provided between the hole and the hole, A preheating and cooling device 200 for preheating and cooling the glass 100 mounted therein, the temperature of which is increased when the glass is inserted;

A reinforcing device 300 surrounding the preheating and cooling device 200 and equipped with a door for preventing water leakage so as to immerse the potassium nitrate solution for 4 hours or more;

A storage device 400 capable of storing and supplying a potassium nitrate solution to the tempering device 300;

A transfer device (500) capable of transferring potassium nitrate connected between the tempering device (300) and the storage device (400);

A cleaning device 600 capable of washing the glass mounted on the fixture 100 discharged from the reinforcing device 300 with water;

Wherein the reinforcing glass is made of glass.

Wherein a temperature sensor installed inside the preheating cooling device (200) and a temperature control device connected to the outside of the tempering device (300) are mounted.
And a gauge capable of measuring the flow rate of potassium nitrate is mounted on the outer side of the reinforcing device 300, and a propeller for reducing the temperature deviation by flowing air and potassium nitrate at a low speed on the upper surface of the reinforcing device 300. [ Glass manufacturing device.
Wherein a heater and a temperature sensor are mounted inside the storage device (400), and a temperature control device is attached to the outside of the storage device (400).
Wherein a pump for assisting the conveyance and a valve for stopping the conveyance are installed in the middle of the conveying device (500).
Wherein an auxiliary water tank connected to the outside of the washing apparatus 600 by a lake and equipped with a heater, a temperature sensor, and a temperature controller is provided, and a nozzle capable of spraying water is mounted on an upper surface thereof. Device.

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