KR102028935B1 - Tempered glass manufacturing apparatus with a diffuser and manufacturing method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus of manufacturing tempered glass having a diffuser and a manufacturing method thereof. The tempered glass manufacturing apparatus of the present invention includes: a preheating furnace which preheats glass substrates; a substitution furnace which chemically substitutes ions for the surface of glass substrates preheated by the preheating furnace; and an annealing furnace which cools the glass substrates transferred from the substitution furnace. The annealing furnace has a diffuser to spread cold air and supply the air to the inside. The diffuser is installed in the lower part of the annealing furnace so that the cold air is discharged to the upper part of the annealing furnace. The diffuser is opened and closed by a valve operated by the control unit. The diffuser is formed so that the cross section of a path, in which the cold air flows through an inlet and passes, is enlarged toward an outlet. The tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having the diffuser has a distribution plate formed in a porous or mesh structure in order to divide the cold air discharged from the diffuser at the outlet of the diffuser into a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged flows. The present invention improves the quality and productivity of tempered glass.

Description

Tempered glass manufacturing apparatus with a diffuser and manufacturing method using the same}

The present invention relates to a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method having a diffuser, and more particularly, to uniformly diffuse the cold air in the slow cooling furnace for the production of tempered glass, thereby improving the quality and productivity of the tempered glass An apparatus and a method for manufacturing tempered glass having a diffuser to be improved.

Generally, glass is made of silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ), and glass made of silicon oxide is called quartz glass. Quartz glass has a melting point of about 1,780 ° C., which is high in manufacturing cost. When alkali oxides (Na ₂ O, Li ₂ O) are added, the melting point of quartz glass is lowered to about 1,280 ° C., thereby reducing production costs.

Since these glasses have only tensile strength, they are absolutely vulnerable to forces such as impact or bending, so in order to overcome them, the total tensile strength is added to the total tensile strength by adding a compressive stress to the surface, and the tensile strength itself is added. By increasing the surface strength, impact resistance, bending stress, elongation, heat resistance, cold resistance can be increased, which is called tempered glass. Tempered glass can be used in all industries, such as building, industrial, marine, decorative, electronic, home appliances, in particular, it is also widely used as a screen of a solar power module or a display device.

As described above, in order to manufacture tempered glass having excellent hardness and strength, a glass tempering process is required. Glass tempering is largely divided into physical strengthening and chemical strengthening. Physical reinforcement is a method of reinforcing the internal strength of the glass by using a glass having a thickness of 5mm or more, by quenching the glass by heating the temperature between 550 ~ 700 ℃, it is mainly used in tempered glass doors, automotive glass and the like. In addition, chemical strengthening is applied to glass containing alkali aluminosilicate, and it is a method of generating compressive stress on the surface by substituting small ions on the surface of the glass with large ions, and reinforcing thin glass containing potassium nitrate solution of 380 ~ 400 ℃. When immersed in the furnace for 3 hours or more, the glass is strengthened by replacing the sodium ions contained in the glass and the potassium ions in the potassium nitrate solution with each other, and is mainly used to strengthen the thin glass of 3 mm or less.

As a technique for manufacturing tempered glass by conventional chemical strengthening, there is a "apparatus for producing tempered glass using chemical strengthening" of Korean Patent No. 10-1061650. The jig is equipped with a glass containing alkali alumina silicate, the plate spring is disposed on the lower contact with the glass to reduce the damage caused by the weight of the glass jig; Preheater having a heater exposed on the upper surface and the side, the glass is heated to 120 ~ 278 ~ 345 ℃ when the glass mounted on the jig is inserted; It has a tub inside to accommodate dissolved potassium nitrate, and the glass that has passed through the preheating furnace is immersed in a potassium nitrate solution at 380-450 ° C. for 1.5 to 4 hours to replace sodium ions in the glass with potassium ions of potassium nitrate. Reinforcing furnace; A slow cooling furnace for cooling the glass moved from the strengthening furnace to 70 ° C; An air cooling section for quenching the glass moved from the slow cooling furnace to 35 ° C. in a natural wind or an atmospheric state; It includes a hot water tank having a 70 ℃ hot water, soaking the glass passed through the air cooling section in the hot water for 15 to 20 minutes to equalize the temperature of the entire glass.

In the prior art, by introducing the cold air into the slow cooling furnace through the inlet of the slow cooling furnace, the glass inside the slow cooling furnace is gradually cooled by contact with the cold wind or heat exchange, and discharges the cooled air through the discharge port, Air flow has a constant direction from the inlet to the outlet, so that the cold air does not partially reach the inside of the slow cooling furnace, or the cooling uniformity of the entire inside of the slow cooling furnace is remarkably reduced, resulting in poor quality and productivity of the tempered glass. Had

In order to solve the above problems with the prior art, the present invention is to install a diffuser on the side of the cold air flow in the inside of the slow cooling furnace for the production of tempered glass to ensure that the cold air is uniformly distributed in the slow cooling furnace, The purpose of the present invention is to improve the quality and productivity of tempered glass by allowing a plurality of high-temperature glass to be uniformly cooled slowly throughout the slow cooling furnace.

In order to solve the problems as described above, according to an aspect of the present invention, in the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus, a preheating furnace for preheating the glass substrate; A substitution furnace for chemically displacing ions on the surface of the glass substrate preheated by the preheating furnace; And a slow cooling furnace for cooling the glass substrate transferred from the substitution furnace, wherein the slow cooling furnace is provided with a diffuser for dispersing cold air and being supplied therein, and the diffuser is opened and closed by a valve operated by a control unit. There is provided a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser.

The diffuser may be formed such that the cross-sectional area of the path through which the cold air flows through the inlet port and passes through the outlet port side.

The diffuser may have a cross sectional area of 20 to 40 times greater than that of the inlet.

The diffuser may be divided into a plurality of regions by the separator on the discharge side.

The diffuser may be formed such that the plurality of regions form a plurality of layers from the center of the discharge port to the edge side, and the separation parts may be connected and fixed to each other by a connecting piece arranged from the center to the edge side.

The diffuser may be installed at a lower portion of the slow cooling furnace to allow cold air to be discharged upward.

The slow cooling furnace may be provided with a fan for discharging the cold air supplied from the diffuser to the outside.

The slow cooling furnace may be provided with a dispersion plate having a porous structure or a mesh structure to divide the cold air emitted at the discharge port side of the diffuser into a plurality of flows arranged in two dimensions.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for producing tempered glass, the method comprising: preheating a glass substrate by a preheating furnace; Chemically replacing ions on the surface of the preheated glass substrate in a substitution furnace; And slow cooling the glass substrate transferred from the substitution furnace to the slow cooling furnace, wherein the slow cooling step is such that cold air is supplied to the slow cooling furnace by being diffused by a diffuser and installed at the lower portion of the slow cooling furnace. Provided is a method for producing tempered glass, in which the cold air is released above the slow cooling furnace by a diffuser, and the diffuser is opened and closed by a valve operated by a control unit.

The slow cooling step is such that the cold air discharged through the path in which the cross-sectional area is enlarged from the inlet to the outlet of the diffuser is supplied to the inside of the slow cooling furnace, but the cross-sectional area of the outlet is 20 to 40 times greater than the cross-sectional area of the inlet. Can be.

In the slow cooling step, the cold air supplied into the slow cooling furnace from the diffuser may be discharged to the outside of the slow cooling furnace by a fan.

In the slow cooling step, the cold air discharged from the diffuser may be divided into a plurality of streams arranged in two dimensions by a dispersion plate having a porous structure or a mesh structure to be supplied to the inside of the slow cooling furnace.

According to the apparatus and method for manufacturing a tempered glass provided with a diffuser according to the present invention, by installing a diffuser on the side where the cold air flows in the slow cooling furnace for the production of tempered glass, the cold air is uniformly spread throughout the slow cooling furnace In addition, by allowing the induction of natural air volume, a large number of high-temperature glass is uniformly cooled by the inside of the slow cooling furnace, and the reliability of the uniform supply of cold air is further enhanced by the porous plate installed at the discharge port side of the diffuser. As a result, the uniformity of the cooling inside the slow cooling furnace can be further maximized, and the air that has been cooled in the slow cooling furnace can be discharged by the exhaust fan, thereby facilitating the realization of multi-stage cooling, thereby contributing to the prevention of glass breakage, thereby strengthening. The quality and productivity of the glass can be improved.

1 is a front view showing a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 is a front view showing a blower in the preheating furnace in the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a diffuser in a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a plan view illustrating a first embodiment of the diffuser in the apparatus for producing tempered glass having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a plan view illustrating a second embodiment of the diffuser in the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view illustrating a third embodiment of the diffuser in the apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a plan view illustrating a third embodiment of the diffuser in the apparatus for manufacturing tempered glass having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
8 is a plan view illustrating a fourth embodiment of the diffuser in the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is a front sectional view showing a part of a dispersion plate in a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
10 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of the tempered glass manufactured by the apparatus for manufacturing a tempered glass having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing tempered glass according to another embodiment of the present invention.
12 is a method of manufacturing a tempered glass according to another embodiment of the present invention, when the glass substrate is immersed in potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution, sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) of the glass substrate and potassium ions (K) of the potassium nitrate solution ⁺ ) Is a diagram showing a visual understanding of the arrangement.
13 is a method of manufacturing a tempered glass according to another embodiment of the present invention, when sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) in the glass substrate is replaced with potassium ions (K ⁺ ) in the potassium nitrate solution when the glass substrate is immersed in the potassium nitrate solution It is a diagram showing a visual understanding of the process.

Since the present invention may have various embodiments by various changes, specific embodiments will be described by way of example in the drawings. In addition, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and substitutes included in the technical idea of the present invention.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the same reference numerals are assigned to the same or corresponding components regardless of the reference numerals, and redundant description thereof will be omitted. Shall be.

1 is a front view showing a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 1, the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus 100 having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a preheating furnace (110,120), a substitution furnace 130 and a slow cooling furnace (140,150), a slow cooling furnace ( A diffuser 160 is installed in the 140 and 150.

1 and 2, the preheating furnaces 110, 120 preheat the glass substrate 10, for example, but may be made in a single, but as in this embodiment first preheating furnace 110 and second preheating furnace 120. It may include. The first preheating furnace 110 may heat the glass substrate 10, which is detachably mounted on the jig 20 installed inside, to, for example, 200 ° C. at room temperature. The second preheating furnace 120 is configured to raise the plurality of glass substrates 10 installed inward by the jig 20 in a stepwise manner to 360 ° C. after the first preheating furnace 110 is finished preliminarily. Can be heated. The preheating furnaces 110 and 120 may be provided with a heater (not shown) for heating the glass substrate 10, and a door (not shown) that may be opened and closed at an upper portion for temperature uniformity therein. In addition, the jig 20 may be provided with a plurality of mounting portions of various structures such as slots or supports for mounting the plurality of glass substrates 10 side by side at a predetermined interval apart from each other.

In the preheating furnaces 110 and 120, a blower 190 may be installed at the lower portion of the preheating furnace 110 to blow air heated inside. Accordingly, the preheating furnaces 110 and 120 may be quickly cooled by discharging the internal high temperature air to the outside by the blower 190 when the glass substrate 10 to be preheated is loaded inside. This can not only prevent the glass substrate 10 from being damaged by rapid heating, but also allow for rapid cooling for this purpose.

Substitution furnace 130 is to chemically replace the ions on the surface of the glass substrate 10 preheated by the preheating furnace (110, 120), for example, the glass substrate 10 passing through the second preheating furnace 120 At least a part of the plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) present at a depth of 15 to 45 μm from the surface of the glass substrate 10 by immersion in a potassium nitrate solution at 380 to 420 ° C. contained in the inner space for 1 to 1.5 hours. Replace with potassium ions (K ⁺ ) in potassium (KNO ₃ ) solution. The substitution furnace 130 may serve as a dissolution tank to dissolve potassium nitrate by heating therein to form a potassium nitrate solution, and may be provided to open and close a door (not shown) at the top. Of the cylinder (not shown), for example, the first and second air cylinders can be reciprocated left and right to open and close the interior.

The slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 allow the glass substrate 1 transferred from the substitution furnace 130 to be cooled by cold air supplied from the outside. The slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 may be formed as a single unit, but may include the first slow cooling furnace 140 and the second slow cooling furnace 150 as in this embodiment. The first and second slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 are mounted to the jig 20 in the substitution furnace 130 to gradually cool the glass substrate 10 transferred to the inside to 70 ° C., for example. Each of the first and second slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 performs slow cooling of the glass substrate 10 individually, or sequentially causes the glass substrate 10 to be installed inside, thereby sequentially performing slow cooling of the glass substrate 10. This may be performed, which may be determined in consideration of productivity due to ion substitution treatment ability, slow cooling treatment ability, and the like on the glass substrate 10.

Referring to FIGS. 1, 3, and 4, the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 may be provided with diffusers 160 to allow the cold air required for the slow cooling to be diffused and supplied therein. Here, the cold air may be supplied to the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 by the blowing means, as the cold air forcedly cooled by the cooler as well as natural air at room temperature according to the temperature conditions and time of the slow cooling.

The diffuser 160 may be formed such that the cross-sectional area of the path 162 through which cold air flows through the inlet 161 and extends toward the outlet 163. The diffuser 160 may have a cross-sectional area of the discharge opening 163 20 to 40 times larger than that of the inlet 161. Here, when the cross-sectional area of the discharge port 163 is less than 20 times compared to the cross-sectional area of the inlet port 161, the supply flow rate of the cold wind, the specification of the glass substrate 10, between the glass substrate 10 to be loaded on the jig 20 Considering the interval, the shape of the inner space of the slow cooling furnace (140, 150) and the space occupied by the glass substrate 10, etc., there is a problem that does not obtain the desired effect of the diffusion of cold air, the cross-sectional area of the discharge port 163 is inlet 161 In the case of more than 40 times the cross-sectional area of the glass substrate, not only the cold air required for the slow cooling of the glass substrate 10 is insufficient, but too much time is required for the slow cooling.

The diffuser 160 may be opened and closed by a valve operated by a controller (not shown). For example, the controller (not shown) may block or open the flow of air through the diffuser 160 in a predetermined process for opening and closing the flow of air for each section for slow cooling step by step or other various types of slow cooling. Can be.

The diffuser 160 may be divided into a plurality of regions 164, 165, and 166 by the separator 167 on the side of the outlet 163. Due to the plurality of regions 164, 165, 166 divided by the separator 167, Compared to the inlet 161, the discharge amount and the release rate of the cold wind with respect to the entire area of the discharge port 163 enlarged may be maintained uniformly.

The diffuser 160 may be formed such that a plurality of regions 164, 165, 166 form a plurality of layers from the center of the discharge port 163 to the edge side, and the separating portion 167 is arranged with each other by the connecting piece 168 arranged from the center to the edge side. It can be connected and fixed. Therefore, the diffuser 160 is composed of a plurality of regions 164, 165, 166 having a structure similar to the concentric circle on the discharge port 163 side, it is possible to further increase the uniformity of the discharged cold wind, this separation 167 is stable While fixed, the interference to the emission of cold air can be minimized.

The diffuser 160 may be installed below the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150, and may allow cold air to be discharged upward. By the installation structure of the diffuser 160, it is possible to easily secure the space required for the installation of the diffuser 160, while maximizing the slow cooling effect considering the tropical phenomenon.

As in the diffuser 160, the plurality of regions 164, 165, and 166 may have a quadrangular shape in consideration of the internal shapes of the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150. Referring to FIG. 5, as another example, the diffuser 160A may have a plurality of regions 164A, 165A, and 166A in which the discharge port 163A is divided in an elliptical shape. In addition, the diffuser 160A may have various shapes including a circular shape. have. 6 and 7, as another example, the diffuser 160B may have a single area at the discharge port 163B, and may have a quadrangular shape corresponding to the internal shapes of the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150. Can be. In addition, referring to FIG. 8, as another example, the diffuser 160C may be formed as a single region of the discharge port 163C, but may have an elliptical shape. In addition, the diffuser 160C may have various shapes including a circular shape.

The slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 may be provided with a fan 170 for discharging the cold air supplied from the diffuser 160 to the outside. Therefore, by opening and closing the operation of the fan 170, by controlling the cold air circulation in the slow cooling furnace (140,150), to enable a step-by-step slow cooling, if the slow cooling is to be achieved, while reducing the stagnant cold air in the slow cooling furnace (140,150) Smooth cooling can be achieved.

1 and 9, the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 have a porous structure or a mesh structure to divide the cold air emitted at the discharge port 163 side of the diffuser 160 into a plurality of flows arranged in two dimensions. The dispersion plate 180 may be installed. The dispersion plate 180 has a structure in which a plurality of holes are perforated, or a mesh structure having a plurality of meshes, and thus, a plurality of dispersion holes 181 corresponding to such holes or meshes may be formed in two dimensions. Due to this serves to separate the cold air discharged from the outlet 163 of the diffuser 160 into a plurality of bundles, it is possible to maximize the natural wind to the wind effect of the cold air supplied to the slow cooling furnace (140,150).

Tempered glass manufacturing apparatus 100 having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention is an air-cooling chamber 210 for cooling the glass substrate 10 moved in the slow cooling furnace (140,150) by natural wind or in the atmospheric state to room temperature Water vapor is sprayed onto the glass substrate 10 passing through the air-cooling chamber 210 to induce curling on the surface of the substrate, and after the curling, hot water is sprayed on the glass substrate 10 to make the surface of the substrate uniform. The water heater 220 may further include a hot water tank 220 in which the uniform glass substrate 10 is immersed in hot water to remove potassium nitrate remaining on the surface of the substrate. The hot water tank 220 includes a first nozzle (not shown) for spraying water vapor on the glass substrate 10, a second nozzle (not shown) for spraying hot water on the glass substrate 10, and a hot water tank for receiving hot water. It may include (not shown), and may further include a steam generator for supplying water vapor and a hot water heating device and a hot water pump for supplying hot water.

Tempered glass manufacturing apparatus 100 having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention is a preheating furnace (110,120), replacement furnace 13 from the mounting area (A1) is mounted on the jig 20 glass substrate 1 And not only the slow running path (140, 150), the air cooling chamber 210 and the hot water tank 220 and the crane for the transfer of the jig 20 to the moving standby zone (A2) waiting to complete the manufacturing process and the subsequent process ( 230,240,250 may be used.

The cranes 230, 240, 250 are the first crane 230 for transferring the jig 20 from the mounting zone A1 to the preheating furnace 110, 120, as in this embodiment, and the jig from the preheating furnace 110, 120 to the slow cooling furnace 140, 150. The second crane 240 for transferring the 20, and the third crane 250 for transferring the jig 20 from the slow cooling furnace (140,150) to the moving standby zone (A2).

The first to third cranes 230, 240, and 250 are preheating furnaces 110 and 120, a substitution furnace 130, a slow passage 140 and 150, an air cooling chamber 210, and an upper side of the hot water tank 220 along the movement path of the jig 20. Is installed to move along the rail 260 is installed horizontally on each of the transport carts (231, 241, 251) and the transport carts (231, 241, 251) are installed to move along the rail (260) by a plurality of wheels, Transfer driving units 232, 242 and 252 which provide driving force to the wheels so that the trolleys 231, 241 and 251 reciprocate along the rail 260, and elevating driving units 233, 243 and 253 which are installed on the transfer trolleys 231, 241 and 251 to provide driving force necessary for lifting and lowering; It is installed to be elevated by the lifting drive unit 233, 243, 253, and may include a detachable unit (234, 244, 254) detachably connected to the jig (20).

The transfer driving unit 232, 242, 252 transfers the driving force of the motor to the wheels of the transfer bogies 231, 241, 251 using a gearbox, a plurality of gears or pulleys, a belt, a sprocket, and a chain. It may be possible to transfer. The lifting driving unit 232, 242, 252 transfers the driving force of the motor through the chain, winding the wire in one example, or lifting up and down the vertical frame in another example, thereby elevating the detachable units 234, 244, 254 fixed to the wire or the vertical frame. You can do that. Here, when the wire is used for the lifting of the detachable units 234, 244, 254, it is advantageous for the ease of securing the space for the lifting and the simplification of the lifting structure. In this regard, the positional accuracy of the detachable units 234, 244 and 254 may be excellent. Detachable units 234, 244, 254 may have a variety of structures to be detachably fixed by using the seizure or fitting or a separate member according to the structure of the jig 20, maintaining a stable posture of the jig 20 It may be made in a single or multiple within the possible range.

The first to third cranes 230, 240, and 250 are detachable units 234, 244, and 254 that are lowered by the lifting and driving units 233, 243, and 253 in a state where the transport carts 231, 241, and 251 are positioned above the jig 20 to be transferred by the transport drives 232, 242, 252. To the jig 20, and then raise the jig 20 together with the detachable units 234, 244, 254 by the lifting driving units 233, 243, 253 to a predetermined height, and transport carts (231, 241, 251) to a desired position by the transport driving units 232, 242, 252. After moving along the rail 260, the jig 20 is moved to a desired position by lowering the jig 20 together with the detachable units 234, 244, 254 by the lifting driving units 233, 243, 253 to a predetermined position.

Among the first to third cranes 230, 240, and 250, the second crane 240 may have a moving path 245 installed on the transport cart 241 to maintain a constant temperature with respect to the glass substrate 10. That is, the second crane 240 provides heat to the glass substrate 10 mounted on the jig 20 by the moving path 245, thereby transferring the glass substrate 10 to the cooling process during the substitution process and the slow cooling process. It is possible to prevent damage or deterioration of the glass substrate 10 due to. The movement path 245 is installed downward in the transport cart 241, and the jig 20, which is raised for transport, is accommodated inward by being opened downward, and the inner or transport cart 241 is accommodated. A heater may be installed in the glass substrate 10 to maintain the glass substrate 10 at a predetermined temperature, for example, 350 ° C., and the glass substrate 10 may be heated at a predetermined temperature at all times or in a specific section. Therefore, the second crane 240 requires the cooling of the moving path 245 in order to handle the glass substrate 10 at a low temperature, for example, room temperature, because the moving path 245 has a high temperature. do. Accordingly, the first and third cranes 230 and 250 may be used to transport the glass substrate 10 in a relatively low temperature section, for example, a room temperature section, in order to solve the problem caused by the cooling of the second crane 240. The cooling of the two cranes 240 may be minimized or avoided, and thus, the process time may be reduced by increasing the operability of the crane.

In the first to third cranes 230, 240 and 250, in particular, the second crane 240 has a deviation in height or position control due to thermal deformation of a power transmission member such as a chain due to a temperature deviation, and a collision due to such a deviation. In order to precisely control the position and height, the encoder and the control sensor can be used in combination of a mechanical and an optical sensor method to improve the accuracy and safety of the operation.

Referring to FIG. 10, the tempered glass manufactured by the tempered glass manufacturing apparatus 100 having a diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention may include, for example, an ion exchange layer 11 and a body layer 12 on a glass substrate. It may be, and may have various thicknesses, for example, it may be a thin plate having a thickness of less than 3mm. The glass substrate 10 may be formed of, for example, low iron glass or alkali aluminosilicate glass, but is not limited thereto.

The ion exchange layer 11 is a layer in which at least some of the plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) present at a depth (d) of 15 to 45 μm from the surface of the glass substrate 10 are replaced with potassium ions (K ⁺ ). to be. The ion exchange layer 11 is immersed in a molten potassium nitrate solution by immersing a heated glass substrate 10 containing a plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) in a depth of 15 ~ 45㎛ from the surface of the glass substrate 10 to the inside At least some of the plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) present may be formed by an ion exchange process such that potassium ions (K ⁺ ) in the potassium nitrate solution are substituted. In addition, the ion exchange layer 11 may be formed as a single layer at a predetermined depth from one of two surfaces opposite to each other of the glass substrate 10, but is not limited thereto. 10 may be formed of two layers at a predetermined depth on each of the two surfaces opposite each other.

The glass substrate 10 becomes tempered glass which has the cold resistance which endures to -50 degreeC by the ion substitution layer 11, or has the heat resistance which endures to 300 degreeC. In addition, the glass substrate 10 having a thickness of 3 to 5 mm and a width and length of 610 mm x 610 mm by the ion exchange layer 11 was subjected to 1,040 g of steel beads (according to the KS L 2002: 2006 standard impact strength test). In the impact test of free fall of the ball), it may have impact resistance to withstand the impact of free fall at a height of 1.5 to 4.5 m.

The main body layer 12 is present in the lower portion of the ion exchange layer 11 from the surface of the glass substrate 10 to the inside, and is a layer having a sodium content of 8% or more. The body layer 12 corresponds to a portion where the ion substitution reaction does not occur during the glass substrate 10 undergoes the ion substitution process. The tempered glass having completed the chemical strengthening treatment may have various thicknesses. Such tempered glass may have a high solar transmittance without post-treatment after tempering as an example of transmittance of 90 to 91%. In addition, such tempered glass not only improves solar transmittance and heat resistance, washability, and maintainability, but also has an impact strength higher than that of a glass substrate by a conventional heat strengthening treatment, so that it is not easily damaged by external impact.

11 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing tempered glass according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 11, in a method of manufacturing tempered glass according to another embodiment of the present invention, first, a glass substrate 10 is prepared (S11). The glass substrate 10 may be prepared using, for example, a low iron glass or an alkali aluminosilicate glass having a sodium content of 8% or more, and may have various thicknesses, but may be in the form of a thin plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less.

The glass substrate 10 is mounted on the jig 20 and installed in the preheating furnaces 110 and 120, and then the glass substrate is gradually heated by the preheating furnaces 110 and 120 to maintain a uniform temperature until the inside of the glass substrate 10. Preheated to (S12). This preheating step (S12) may proceed in a step of heating the glass substrate 10 from room temperature to 360 ℃ step by step, for example, for about 1 hour in 8 to 16 steps, a plurality of preheating furnace (110,120) For example, the preheating may be sequentially performed by the first and second preheating furnaces 110 and 120.

The preheated glass substrate 10 is installed inside the substitution furnace 130 by the jig 20 and chemically replaces ions with respect to the surface thereof. For example, the glass substrate 10 is heated with potassium nitrate (KNO). ₃ ) at least a portion of the plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) present at a depth of 15 to 45 μm from the surface of the glass substrate 10 by being immersed in the solution to the potassium ions (K ⁺ ) of the solution of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) (S13).

At a predetermined depth, for example, about 15 to 45 μm in the vicinity of the surface of the glass substrate 10, from the surface of the glass substrate 10 to be preheated step by step to maintain a uniform temperature to the inside of the glass substrate 10, For example, as shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) 11a are present. In addition, a plurality of potassium ions (K ⁺ ) 13a are present in the heated potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution in which the glass substrate 100 is immersed.

The plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) 11a present at a predetermined depth from the surface of the glass substrate 10 to the inside of the heated potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution, as exemplarily shown in FIG. 13. It is substituted with a plurality of potassium ions (K ⁺ ) 13a. By such an ion substitution reaction, potassium ions (K ⁺ ) (substituting some of the plurality of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) 11a in a predetermined depth from the surface of the glass substrate 10 to the inside, for example, near the surface ( 13b) are present, and sodium nitrate (Na ⁺ ) 11b which is substituted and released in the glass substrate 10 is present in the potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution.

The glass substrate 10 is immersed in a potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution heated to 360 ~ 460 ℃ to induce replacement. If the heating temperature is less than 360 ℃ ion exchange reaction is not activated because it does not work well, if the heating temperature is higher than 460 ℃ potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) is changed to potassium nitrite (KNO ₂ ) is not ion exchange. Because it may not. The glass substrate 10 may be immersed in a potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution that is heated to 380 ~ 420 ℃. The glass substrate 10 is immersed in a potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution which is heated to 360 ~ 460 ℃ for 1-2 hours to induce replacement. If the immersion time is less than 1 hour, ion exchange may not be sufficient. If the immersion time is more than 2 hours, soft nitriding may occur due to prolonged ion exchange. The glass substrate 10 may be immersed in a potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ) solution that is heated to 380 ~ 420 ℃ for 1 to 1.5 hours.

The potassium nitrate solution is preferably maintained at a uniform temperature in each part. For example, the potassium nitrate solution preferably has a temperature variation of each part of ± 2 ° C or less. If the temperature deviation of each portion is greater than ± 2 ℃, the glass substrate 10 immersed in the potassium nitrate solution may be broken. In addition, the potassium nitrate solution is preferably adjusted to prevent convection from occurring during the ion substitution process. When convection of the potassium nitrate solution occurs during the ion substitution process, the substitution may not be easily performed. The glass substrate 10 formed through the above process has a compressive stress layer formed on both surfaces thereof, thereby increasing the compressive strength in addition to the impact strength and the tensile strength of the glass substrate.

The glass substrate 10 that has undergone the ion substitution process in the substitution furnace 130 is transferred to the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 by the jig 20 and gradually cooled by slow cooling (S14).

In the slow cooling step S14, cold air may be supplied to the slow cooling furnace 140 and 150 by being diffused by the diffuser 160, and a path in which the cross-sectional area is expanded from the inlet 161 to the outlet 163 in the diffuser 160. Cold air discharged through the 162 is to be supplied into the slow cooling furnace (140,150), the cross-sectional area of the discharge port 163 may be 20 to 40 times compared to the cross-sectional area of the inlet (161). Therefore, the cold air may be uniformly spread throughout the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150.

In the slow cooling step S14, the cold air supplied from the diffuser 160 to the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 may be discharged to the outside of the slow cooling furnaces 140 and 150 by the fan 170. It is possible to easily control the flow of cold air, and the cold air discharged from the diffuser 160 is divided into a plurality of flows arranged in two dimensions by the dispersion plate 180 having a porous structure or a mesh structure to form a slow cooling furnace ( By being supplied to the interior of the 140,150, it is possible to maximize the uniformity of the cold air and the slow cooling effect.

Slow cooling of the glass substrate 10 in the slow cooling step (S14) may be performed stepwise for 1 hour from 400 ℃ to 70 ℃. In this slow cooling process, the flow of air can be maintained to maintain the flow of laminar flow.

The glass substrate 10 that has undergone the slow cooling process may be installed inside the hot water tank 220 by the jig 20 to perform curling for about 10 minutes at a temperature of 110 ° C. in a spray mist (S16). It is preferable to induce the curling process to be sufficiently adsorbed to the lower end of the glass substrate 10. The glass substrate 10 on which the curling is performed is subjected to a washing process in the hot water tank 220 (S17). The washing process can be carried out using 70 ° C. hot water at a high pressure of about 50 MPa. After the cleaning process, the glass substrate 10 may be allowed to naturally dry in air (S18). The drying step is preferably performed in the absence of air flow.

Tempered glass manufacturing method according to another embodiment of the present invention after the slow cooling (S14) after the step of curling (S16), washing (S17) and drying (S18) is made in this order, but is not limited to this slow cooling (S14) Since the air cooling (S15) in the air-cooling room (210), hot water temperature and curling, stabilization of the first washing, air cooling, drying, secondary washing, drying can be made more stable strength.

According to such a tempered glass manufacturing apparatus and a manufacturing method having a diffuser according to the present invention, by installing a diffuser on the side where the cold air flows in the slow cooling furnace for the production of tempered glass, the cold air is uniformly spread throughout the slow cooling furnace In addition, by allowing the induction of the natural air volume, it is possible to ensure that the high temperature multiple glass is uniformly slow cooled as a whole.

In addition, according to the present invention, by further increasing the reliability of the uniform supply of cold air by the porous plate provided on the discharge port side of the diffuser, it is possible to maximize the cooling uniformity in the slow cooling furnace more, and to cool the inside of the slow cooling furnace. By allowing the finished air to be discharged by the fan, it is possible to facilitate the implementation of the multi-stage cooling, thereby contributing to preventing glass breakage, thereby improving the quality and productivity of the tempered glass.

As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

10 glass substrate 11 ion exchange layer
11a, 11b sodium ion 12 body layer
13a, 13b: potassium ion 20: jig
110,120: preheating furnace 130: substitution furnace
140,150: Slow cooling furnace 160,160A, 160B, 160C: Diffuser
161: inlet 162: path
163,163A, 163B, 163C: Outlet 164,165,166,164A, 165A, 166A: Area
167: separating unit 168: connecting piece
170: ventilator 180: distribution plate
181: dispersion hole 190: blower
210: air cooling chamber 220: hot water tank
230: first crane 231: feed cart
232: conveying drive unit 233: elevating drive unit
234: detachable unit 240: second crane
241: transport cart 242: transport drive unit
243: lifting drive unit 244: detachable unit
245: moving path 250: third crane
251: transport cart 252: transport drive unit
253: lifting drive unit 254: detachable unit
260: rail A1: mounting area
A2: Waiting area for moving

Claims (5)

A tempered glass manufacturing apparatus comprising: a preheating furnace for preheating a glass substrate; A substitution furnace for chemically displacing ions on the surface of the glass substrate preheated by the preheating furnace; And a slow cooling furnace for cooling the glass substrate transferred from the substitution furnace.
The slow cooling furnace is a diffuser is installed to be supplied to the cold air is diffused,
The diffuser is installed in the lower portion of the slow cooling furnace so that the cold air is discharged above the slow cooling furnace,
The diffuser is opened and closed by a valve operated by the control unit,
The diffuser is formed such that the cross-sectional area of the path through which the cold air flows through and flows through the inlet is expanded toward the outlet.
On the discharge port side of the diffuser is provided a distribution plate made of a porous structure or a mesh structure to divide the cold air emitted from the diffuser into a plurality of flows arranged in two dimensions,
Tempered glass manufacturing apparatus provided with a diffuser. delete The method according to claim 1,
The diffuser,
An apparatus for producing tempered glass having a diffuser, wherein the discharge port side is divided into a plurality of regions by a separating unit. A method of producing tempered glass, the method comprising: preheating a glass substrate by a preheating furnace; Chemically replacing ions on the surface of the preheated glass substrate in a substitution furnace; And slow cooling the glass substrate transferred from the substitution furnace to the slow cooling furnace.
The slow cooling step is such that the cold air is diffused by the diffuser and supplied to the slow cooling furnace,
The cold air is discharged to the upper side of the slow cooling furnace by the diffuser installed in the lower part of the slow cooling furnace,
The diffuser is opened and closed by a valve operated by the control unit,
In the diffuser to allow the cold air discharged through the path in which the cross-sectional area is expanded from the inlet to the outlet side is supplied to the inside of the slow cooling furnace,
The cold air discharged from the diffuser is divided into a plurality of flows arranged in two dimensions by a dispersion plate made of a porous structure or a mesh structure to be supplied to the inside of the slow cooling furnace.
Method of manufacturing tempered glass. delete

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