KR20190047258A - Sheath Core Hollow Composite Fiber Excellent In Bulky Property - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hollow composite fiber having a sheath unit and a core unit. The core unit is composed of polyester (PET) resin while the sheath unit is composed of either polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) having a melting point of 80-165°C. The hollow composite fiber is spun through a double ring-shaped composite spinneret which is composed of an inner and an outer ring-shaped spinneret having a mutually regular interval (b). The composite spinneret has 2-4 slits at regular intervals (a). The external surface of the outer ring-shaped spinneret is a cylindrical surface at a fixed distance from the center (c) of the external diameter thereof. The center (c) of the external diameter of the outer ring-shaped spinneret and the center (c′) of the internal diameter of the inner ring-shaped spinneret are separated at a fixed ratio. The internal surface of the outer ring-shaped spinneret and the internal and external surfaces of the inner ring-shaped spinneret are composed of one or more entered curved units per one slit. The ratio of the length (p) of the internal diameter of one slit on the inner ring-shaped spinneret to the length (q) of the external diameter of one slit on the outer ring-shaped spinneret is 1:1.2-1.5. Therefore, the sheath core hollow composite fiber can have excellent bulkiness with a hollow ratio of 7% or greater by spinning resin in a sheath unit in an outer ring-shaped spinneret and a core unit in an inner ring-shaped spinneret.

Description

[0002] Sheath Core Hollow Composite Fiber Excellent In Bulky Property [

The present invention relates to a sheath core hollow composite fiber excellent in the bulky property which can be used as a nonwoven binder. More specifically, the sheath core is composed of a sheath portion of a low melting point fiber and a hollow portion having a curved shape, And is excellent in shape retentivity and excellent in bulky property.

The heat-bondable composite fiber can be produced by heat fusion using thermal energy such as hot air. The heat-bondable conjugate fiber is generally composed of two components, and by melting only one component by heat, a bulk nonwoven fabric can be easily obtained through bonding of the fibers, and thus it is widely used in industrial materials. BACKGROUND ART Polyester (PET) thermosetting type conjugated fibers are widely used as household articles such as automobiles, building materials, sanitary materials, and filter nonwoven fabrics.

Generally, the polyester-based heat-bonding type conjugate fiber is produced by forming a core by using a general polyester as a first component, forming a core by copolymerization of a copolymer polyol having a condensation product of a dicarboxylic acid component containing terephthalic acid and a diol component containing ethylene glycol And an ester is used as a second component to form a sheath. The two-component heat-bondable conjugated fiber having different melting points can be applied not only to the core-sheath form, but also to a parallel form, a divided form, and the like. The core-sheath form can also be manufactured in the form of core-sheath concentricity and core-sheath eccentricity. On the other hand, the cross-sectional shape of the fibers may be a circular cross-section or a non-circular cross-section.

Korean Patent No. 1224095 discloses a thermosetting conjugate fiber composed of a first component made of a polyester resin and a second component made of a polyolefin resin having a melting point lower than the melting point of the polyester resin by at least 20 DEG C, However, since there is no formation of hollow part in the composite fiber, there is a limitation in improvement of the permeability and there is also a problem in elasticity.

U.S. Patent No. 4,065,439 discloses a method for producing a low melting point polyester by using terephthalic acid / isophthalic acid / adipic acid (or sebacic acid) and ethylene glycol / neopentyl glycol. In this case, however, It is very low at 60 ° C and it is difficult to use it as a wick for a garment.

U.S. Patent No. 788,377, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-143,657, and Korean Patent Publication No. 96-9776 disclose that other carboxylate materials capable of realizing an amorphous molecular structure have a carboxyl group position rather than a meta position of isophthalic acid Attempts have been made to polymerize using more or less bendable ortho-position phthalic acid or phthalic anhydride.

However, in the case of phthalic anhydride, the higher the content in the copolymer, the greater the drop in the glass transition temperature, which may lead to the fusion of the fibers during the drawing process, product transportation or dropping.

In recent years, the performance of nonwoven fabrics such as automobiles, building materials, and sanitary materials has been diversified, and functions such as lightweight, bulky, sound-absorbing and warming have been emphasized. Therefore, , Sound-absorbing property, and bulky property of the hollow fiber.

Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [8] Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a sheath core hollow composite fiber which is excellent in thermal adhesion and is suitable for a nonwoven binder.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a hollow fiber-reinforced composite fiber having excellent hollow fiber shape stability and bending rigidity, which is excellent in light weight, bulkiness, sound absorption and heat retention.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a hollow composite fiber having a sheath portion and a core portion, wherein the core portion is made of a polyester (PET) resin and the sheath portion is made of polyethylene (PE) Or polypropylene (PP), wherein the hollow composite fibers are radiated through a composite spinneret having a double annular shape composed of inner and outer annular nipples having mutually constant spacing (b), wherein the composite spinneret has a constant Wherein the outer annular detent has a circumferential surface with a distance from the center (c) of the outer diameter, the center (c) of the outer diameter of the outer annular detent and the outer annular recess The center of the inner diameter c '

Wherein the inner surface of the outer annular detent and the inner and outer surfaces of the inner annular detent are comprised of one or more incoming curves per slit, the length (p) of the inner diameter of one slit of the inner annular detent to the length (Q) of the outer diameter of the slits is 1: 1.2 to 1.5, the outer annular sleeve is made of a resin of a sheath portion, and the inner annular recess is formed of a sheath core hollow compound having excellent bulky property with a hollow ratio of 7% Fiber.

Further, the present invention is characterized in that the spaced ratio between the center (c) of the outer diameter of the outer annular sleeve and the center (c ') of the inner diameter of the inner annular sleeve is expressed by the degree of smoothing (% Wherein the value of degree of deformation (%) is in the range of 10 to 20%.

Further, the present invention provides a sheath hollow hollow fiber composite excellent in bulky property, which is characterized by the curved portion being formed of a curved surface or a polygonal shape.

In the present invention, the longest width a of the slit is 0.1 to 0.15 mm, the interval b of the inner and outer annular recesses is 0.03 to 0.05 mm, and the intrinsic viscosity IV of the polyester resin is 0.50 - Characterized in that the melt flow index (MI) of said polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) resin is from 15 to 35 g / 10 min, 230 DEG C, Fiber.

Also, the present invention provides a sheath core hollow fiber having excellent shear strength, wherein the sheath portion and the core portion are formed in a weight ratio of 38: 62 to 50:50.

The present invention also provides a nonwoven fabric comprising a sheath core hollow composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

As described above, the sheath-core hollow composite fiber having excellent shape stability according to the present invention is suitable for a nonwoven fabric binder having excellent heat bonding performance through the copolymerized polyester resin of the sheath.

Further, the nonwoven fabric of the present invention has characteristics of light weight, bulkiness, sound absorption, and warmth of nonwoven fabric due to its excellent bending rigidity and shape stability and hollow shape when used in the sheath core hollow composite fiber nonwoven fabric of the present invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a section of a hollow fiber composite hollow fiber composite sleeve having a constant slit spacing, which is an example of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram of a cross-section of a sheath core hollow composite fiber spinning and cuvette having a constant slit spacing, which is another example of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual view of a cross-section of a conventional sheath core hollow composite fiber spinning process.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, it should be noted that, in the drawings, the same components or parts are denoted by the same reference numerals whenever possible. In the following description of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted so as to avoid obscuring the subject matter of the present invention.

As used herein, the terms " about, " " substantially, " " etc. ", when used to refer to a manufacturing or material tolerance inherent in the stated sense, Accurate or absolute numbers are used to help prevent unauthorized exploitation by unauthorized intruders of the referenced disclosure.

The present invention relates to a hollow conjugated fiber having a sheath portion and a core portion, wherein the core portion is made of a polyester (PET) resin and the sheath portion is made of polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene .

The sheath is a low-melting-point polymer having a melting point of about 80 ° C to 165 ° C. Examples of polyolefins suitable as such low melting point polymers include polyethylene such as high density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and linear low density polyethylene, polypropylene such as isotactic polypropylene and atactic polypropylene; Polybutylenes such as poly (1-butene) and poly (2-butene); Polypentenes such as poly (2-pentene), and poly (4-methyl-1-pentene); Polyvinyl acetate; Polyvinyl chloride; polystyrene; And copolymers thereof, such as ethylene-propylene copolymers, and blends thereof.

Among these, preferred polyolefins are polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutylene, polypentene, polyvinyl acetate and copolymers and blends thereof, and most preferred polyolefins are polypropylene, polyethylene, copolymers of polypropylene and polyethylene, and combinations thereof.

The core portion may be formed of a polyester or a polypropylene resin. More specifically, the polyester resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polytrimethylene terephthalate Trimethyleneterephthalate, PTT) may be used.

If the intrinsic viscosity of the polyester resin is high, the hollow shape in the core portion may increase in the inner direction during the production of the hollow-type Cisco-type thermally adhesive composite fiber, and the hollow ratio of the hollow portion 10 may decrease, The intrinsic viscosity of the polyester is preferably 0.50 to 0.64 dL / g.

A polypropylene resin may be used instead of the polyester resin of the core portion, and the melt flow index (MI) is 15 to 35 (g / 10 min, 230 ° C).

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a section of a sheath core hollow composite fiber spinning and detaching tool 1 having a constant slit gap used in the present invention. FIG.

The spinneret is characterized by a double annular shape consisting of inner and outer annular apertures having a constant spacing b between them. The spinneret 1 has two to four identical shaped slits at a certain distance a .

Generally, unstretched hollow composite fibers discharged through spinneret swell due to pressure difference. When the swelling direction is directed toward the hollow portion 10, a desired hollow ratio can not be obtained or a desired cross-sectional shape can not be obtained depending on the swelling direction.

Therefore, in order to improve the morphological stability of the composite fiber of the hollow portion 10, slits are formed at regular intervals in the annular-shaped spinneret in consideration of the physical properties of the discharged viscosity (IV) and the flow index (MI) It is possible to prevent deformation due to discharge swelling.

The number of slits may be two or more, but preferably two to five, more preferably three to four. It is also appropriate that the intervals of the plurality of slits are the same and the shapes are also the same. If the number of slits is small, there is a problem in buffering discharge expansion. If the number of slits is too large, there may be difficulties in manufacturing and cost of spinning.

Also, in the case of sheath core composite spinning, the spacing (b) between the outer sheath and the inner annular sheath to which the sheath part and the core part are discharged is also important for shape stability. This is because the composition of the sheath portion and the core portion is different from that of the resin, so that the swelling degree is different.

The shape of the slope of the slit may be parallel or may coincide with an imaginary line that coincides with an extension of the center of the composite spinneret 1. [

Fig. 2 shows that the width of the slit increases toward the outer edge of the spinneret, and the longest width a of the slit appears at the outermost angle. Due to the nature of the annular shape, the circumference becomes larger toward the outer side, and the ratio of the discharge expansion is also large. Therefore, it is possible to compensate the buffering action of the slit considering the difference of the swelling according to the distance from the spinneret center of the discharged composite yarn. Therefore, when the interval (b) between the annular recesses and the longest width (a) of the slit satisfies the condition of 2.0 < a / b < 3.5, the volume deformation due to discharge expansion is the smallest and the longest width a of the slit is 0.1 To 0.15 mm, and the spacing (b) of the inner and outer annular recesses (30) is 0.03 to 0.05 mm.

Further, the outer surface of the outer annular detent is a circumferential surface having a certain distance from the center (c) of the outer diameter,

Characterized in that the center (c) of the outer diameter of the outer annular detent and the center (c ') of the inner diameter of the inner annular detent are spaced apart at a constant rate, The spacing ratio of the center c 'of the center of gravity is expressed by the degree of gravity (%) of the following equation (1) and the value of the degree of gravity (%) is 10 to 20%.

When the degree of saturation is more than 10%, the rate of resin expansion of each fish slice varies depending on the asymmetry of the slit, that is, the slit volume, from the center in the spinning and stretching process. In general, a volume having a small volume of slit has a small volume expansion, and a curl is formed which naturally curves the radiation fiber in that direction. However, since the volume asymmetry of the slit exceeding 20% is too large, the radiation may be poor and the shape of the sheath core section may become poor.

The sheath portion and the core portion may be formed in a weight ratio of 38: 62 to 50:50 to form the sheath core hollow composite fiber of the present invention.

The present invention is characterized by the shape of each slit in addition to the features of the slit spacing. Wherein the outer surface of the outer annular detent is a circumferential surface of a constant distance from the center, the inner surface of the outer annular detent and the inner and outer surfaces of the inner annular detent (20) are comprised of one or more incoming curved portions (40) The curved portion 40 is characterized by being formed in a curved or polygonal shape.

The ratio of the length (a) of the inner diameter of one slit of the inner annular sleeve to the length (b) of the outer diameter of one slit of the outer annular sleeve is 1: 1.2 to 1.5.

If the ratio is more than 1.5, the number of the curved portions 40 and the degree of pulling are large, which makes it difficult to spin. If the ratio is less than 1.2, the bending rigidity due to the shape of the curved portion 40 may not be affected.

Also, the feature that the slit has the curved portion 40 has an advantageous effect on the curl formation in the radiation drawing process.

The conventional sheath core hollow composite fiber spinning nipple 1 as shown in FIG. 3 has an interfacial separation shape after the drawing process, and a phenomenon in which the sheath portion and the core portion are not bonded together but is separated from each other, .

However, according to the present invention, even if the inner surface of the outer annular detent and the inner and outer surfaces of the inner annular detent 20 are formed as one or more incoming curved portions 40 per one slit, and the interface separation phenomenon is not caused by the curved interface The effect may be insufficient.

Generally, when a crimp process is added by heat treatment after spinning and stretching process, the curl of the fiber is more easily formed, and the shape of the formed curl can be easily maintained as the bending rigidity of the fiber is increased.

The bending strength refers to the increase in the warping as the load is increased when the load is added to the fiber and the stress at the time of breaking is divided by the cross-sectional area.

The bending strength of the fiber is higher than that of the ordinary fiber by a hollow fiber having an intermediate space. The bending stiffness is increased more when the hollow section has a curved shape or a polygonal shape instead of a circular shape.

Hereinafter, examples of the method for producing the sheath hollow conjugate fiber having excellent bulky properties according to the present invention are shown, but the present invention is not limited to the examples.

Example  One

The core portion was made of polyethylene (PE) having a melt flow index MI (g / 10 min, 190 degrees) of 20 and a melting point of 100 DEG C, and a sheath portion of polyethylene (PE) having an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.55 dL / 48% by weight.

The polyester (PET) and polyethylene (PE) were spun through a sheath core hollow composite spinneret (Fig. 1 (a)) at a spinning speed of 1000 m / min. The ratio, the ratio of p / g, and the degree of silver elongation are as shown in Table 1, and the spun yarn fibers were stretched in 3.5-fold orientation and cut into 38 mm after the crimping process to produce composite fibers of sheath core having a fineness of 3-5 denier And was manufactured as a heat bonding nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 1300 gsm.

Example  2

1 (b) was used as a composite spinneret, and the remaining values are shown in Table 1.

Example  3

1 (c) was used as the composite spinneret, and the remaining values are shown in Table 1. [Table 1]

Example  4

1 (a) was used as a composite spinneret, and the remaining values are shown in Table 1. [Table 1]

Comparative Example  One

1 (a) was used as the composite spinneret, the ratio of p / q was 1.8, and the remaining values were as shown in Table 1. [

Comparative Example  2

1 (a) was used as a composite spinneret, and the ratio of p / q was 1.15, and the remaining values are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example  3

3 was used as a composite spinneret.

The physical property data of the above Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

The physical properties were measured by the following method.

(1) Hollow ratio (%): The ratio of the area occupied by the hollow fiber through the cross-sectional image measured by an optical microscope was calculated by the following formula.

  - Hollow area / fiber area (including hollow) * 100 (%)

(2) Core / Sheath Cross-sectional shape: Judged visually through fiber cross-sectional images measured by optical microscope.

(3) Finish (mm) was measured after 10 N / m2 pressure was applied for 10 seconds after the initial 50 mm of the nonwoven fabric specimen.

(4) Flexural Strength: A 1/8 inch specimen was manufactured according to ASTM D790 and then measured.

Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Core portion
Material PET PET PET PET PET PET PET weight% 52 52 52 52 52 52 52 Shebu
Material PE PE PE PE PE PE PE weight% 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 complex
radiation
Detention shape 1 (a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (a) 1 (a) 1 (a) 3 p / q ratio 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.2 1.5 1.15 - a Spacing (mm) 0.15 0.1 0.12 0.1 0.15 0.15 0.13 b Spacing (mm) 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.05 a / b 3 2 2.4 3.3 3 3 4 (%) 15 15 18 12 23 5 - Properties






Hollowness (%) 10 11 10 10 - 12 11 Core / Sheath Sectional Form Good Good Good Good Bad Good Good Nonwoven basis weight
(gsm) 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 Fillet (mm) 48 47 47 46 30 44 29 Flexural Strength (N) Vertical 30 31 31 32 24 28 19 horizontal 26 25 24 25 15 22 11

As can be seen from the physical properties results of Table 1 above, the present embodiment of the present invention uses a composite spinneret (Figs. 1 (a), 1 (b), 1 (c) and 2 , b spacing and a / b. the hollow ratio (%) was at least 10 when the p / g ratio and the degree of saturation (%) were satisfied, and 46 to 48 mm after the pressure was applied at 50 mm in the posterior case, Respectively.

The flexural strength of the example is larger than that of the comparative example as shown in Table 1.

On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the cross-sectional shape of the hollow portion 10 is poor when the degree of crystallization (%) exceeds 23%, which is more than 20%. Therefore, when the cross-sectional shape of the core portion is irregular, the bending strength is low, which means that the measured value of the nonwoven fabric is low.

In Comparative Example 2, when the degree of crystallinity (%) is less than 20%, the degree of curl is somewhat lower than that in Examples, because there is no naturally occurring curling process during the spinning and drawing process.

In Comparative Example 3, the inner and outer surfaces of the inner annular nail 20 are not formed in a curved shape, and there is no natural curling process in the spinning and drawing process. Even if the inner annular nail 20 is subjected to the crimping process, When the outer surface is not a curved shape, the flexural strength is not so large and the finish is low.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventions. It will be clear to those who have knowledge of.

1: composite spinneret 10: hollow
20: internal annular detention 30: external annular detention
40: curved portion a: longest width of slit b: gap between inner and outer annular detents
c: the center of the outer diameter of the outer annular cage
c ': the center of the inner diameter of the inner annular detent (c')
p: length of the inner diameter of one slit of the inner annular recess
q: length of outer diameter of one slit of outer annular recess

Claims (6)

A hollow composite fiber having a sheath portion and a core portion,
The core portion is made of a polyester (PET) resin,
The sheath is composed of any one of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) having a melting point of 80 to 165 DEG C,
Wherein the hollow composite fibers are spun through a composite spinneret having a double annular shape composed of inner and outer annular rings having a constant spacing b,
Wherein the composite spinneret has 2 to 4 slits at a constant interval (a)
The outer surface of the outer annular detent is a circumferential surface having a certain distance from the center (c) of the outer diameter,
The center (c) of the outer diameter of the outer annular detent and the center (c ') of the inner diameter of the inner annular detent are spaced at a constant rate,
Wherein the inner surface of the outer annular detent and the inner and outer surfaces of the inner annular detent are constituted by one or more incoming curved portions per slit,
Wherein a ratio of a length (p) of an inner diameter of one slit of the inner annular recess to a length (q) of an outer diameter of one slit of the outer annular recess is 1: 1.2 to 1.5,
Wherein the outer annular detachment is a resin of a sheath portion, and the inner annular detachment has a bulky property with a hollow ratio of 7% or more because the core portion is radiated.
The method according to claim 1,
The spaced ratio between the center (c) of the outer diameter of the outer annular detent and the center (c ') of the inner diameter of the inner annular detent is expressed by the degree of flattening (% ) Is in the range of 10 to 20%.

The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the curved portion is formed of a curved surface or a polygonal shape, and is excellent in the bulky property.
The method according to claim 1,
The longest width a of the slit is 0.1 to 0.15 mm, the interval b between the inner and outer annular detents is 0.03 to 0.05 mm,
Wherein the polyester resin has an intrinsic viscosity (IV) of 0.50 to 0.60 dL / g and a melt flow index (MI) of the polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) resin is 15 to 35 (g / Which is characterized in that the sheath hollow core fiber is excellent in shear strength.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the sheath portion and the core portion have a weight ratio of 38: 62 to 50:50.
A nonwoven fabric comprising a sheath core hollow composite fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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