KR20180045401A - System for meteorological forcasting reflected solar energy considered topographic effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The present technology discloses a meteorological forecast system reflecting solar energy considering a topographic effect. According to a specific example of the present invention, a shading angle, which is a maximum shadow angle of a terrain, is converted into a coefficient of a high-resolution weather-research-and-forecast (WRF) model for a slope of the terrain, an aspect, a sky view factor, and an azimuth angle of a sun by using terrain data, a converted high-resolution sky view factor, and a shading rate are modified with the low-resolution sky view factor and the shading rate so as to be converted into coefficients of the WRF model, and solar radiation energy according to the terrain is derived using the sky view factor and the shading rate of a low-resolution WRF model, so that a meteorological forecast error due to fluctuation of the solar energy according to the terrain is fundamentally reduced so as to improve accuracy of meteorological forecast, and computational complexity for the solar radiation energy is reduced so as to reduce a load to the system.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for predicting a solar energy,

The present invention relates to a meteorological prediction system that reflects radiant solar energy in consideration of a terrain effect, and more particularly, to a meteorological prediction system that can improve the accuracy of meteorological prediction by executing a meteorological prediction based on radiant solar energy that varies according to the terrain, And to a technique for reducing complexity.

Solar radiation (solar radiation) is the primary driving force that moves the Earth's atmosphere and is an essential energy source for all life on Earth. This solar radiation energy and its changes can be used for various researches and industrial activities in the fields of agriculture, energy, biology, medicine, architecture as well as atmospheric science.

The equipment that observes the solar radiation of such importance is called the solar system and observes the amount of solar radiation reaching the earth surface. However, the solar system has a problem that the management and calibration are very strict and the area that can be observed is limited compared to other meteorological equipments, so the solar radiation model is used to confirm the distribution of solar radiation over a wide area.

The solar radiation model is a method of theoretical parametrization of the process of dissipating gases (such as ozone and water vapor) and aerosols and clouds while the energy emitted from the sun passes through the atmosphere and reaches the surface. These parametrization models are used as an important part of global and medium scale models. Especially, in the advanced countries with the development of new and renewable energy, they are contributing to the production of photovoltaic energy map of each country.

However, most of the solar radiation models are computed only on the horizontal plane. In case of terrain complicated terrain, the amount of reaching the actual surface and large errors cause complex calculation process to be applied to the nesting grid system, Therefore, there is a limit to apply to actual weather prediction system.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve all the problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for predicting a weather phenomenon by performing weather prediction using radiant solar energy according to a terrain derived using terrain altitude data supplied from outside, And to provide a weather prediction system that reflects solar energy in consideration of a terrain effect that can improve the accuracy of the weather prediction by fundamentally reducing the prediction error.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the computational complexity of the photovoltaic energy calculation by transforming the high-resolution shielding rate and the puncturing rate into a coefficient that can be input into the WRF model by correcting the shielding ratio and the puncturing rate with a low resolution And to provide a weather prediction system that reflects the solar energy in consideration of the possible terrain effect.

Technical Solution In order to achieve the above object,

Based on the terrain supplied from the outside, the terrain data is used to calculate the slope, slope, sky view factor, and sun of the terrain elevation data based on DEM (Digital Elevation Model) A WRF model generating device for calculating the maximum shadow angle of the terrain according to the azimuth angle and converting the angle into a coefficient of a form that can be input to the WRF model; The low-resolution shielding ratio and the puncturing ratio are derived based on the angle of inclination, the sun's perforation angle and the angle formed by the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point, the perforation angle, and the high-resolution perforation ratio, and the derived low- A WRF model correction device that converts the WRF model into a coefficient of a possible form; And a low resolution solar energy deriving device for deriving low resolution direct solar energy, scattering solar energy, and total solar energy based on the low resolution low resolution shielding ratio and the puncture ratio.

, 및 천공각

를 고해상도의 소정 거리 단위로 연산된 각 값에 대한 각각의 평균치로 구비될 수 있다.Preferably, the WRF model correcting device is configured to calculate the angle of inclination b, the angle between the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

May be provided as respective average values for each value calculated in units of a predetermined distance of high resolution.

과 천공각

에 대한 저해상도 차폐비율

을 도출하는 차폐 비율 연산부; 소정 격자점의 저해상도 천공률(c)를 태양의 방위각 및 천공각 별로 산출하는 천공률 연산부; 도출된 저해상도 차폐비율

및 저해상도 천공률(c)를 WRF 모델에 입력할 수 있는 형태의 계수로 변환하는 전처리부;를 포함할 수 있다.Preferably, the WRF model correcting apparatus further comprises:

And perforation angle

The low-resolution shielding ratio

A shielding ratio calculator for deriving a shielding ratio; A puncture rate computing unit for computing a low-resolution puncturing rate (c) of a predetermined lattice point for each azimuth and perforation angle of the sun; The resulting low-resolution shielding ratio

And a preprocessing unit for converting the low-resolution puncturing rate (c) into coefficients of a type that can be input to the WRF model.

은 상기 WRF 모델의 경사각 b, 태양의 천공각과 소정 격자점의 경사면의 수선과 이루는 각

, 및 천공각

를 토대로 차폐 비율

를 도출하고 다음 식 21를 만족할 수 있다.Preferably, the low-

Is the inclination angle b of the WRF model, the angle between the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

The shielding ratio

And the following equation (21) can be satisfied.

.. 식 21

.. Equation 21

고해상도로 계산한 격자점을 의미한다.here,

Means a grid point calculated with high resolution.

을 토대로 저해상도의 천공률

를 도출할 수 있고, 저해상도의 천공률

은 다음 식 22를 만족할 수 있다.Preferably, the puncture rate calculating unit calculates the puncture rate

Based on the low-resolution perforation rate

And a low-resolution puncturing rate

Can satisfy the following expression (22).

.. 식 22

.. Equation 22

) 및 천공률 (c)를 이용하여 저해상도 직달 태양에너지

, 산란 태양에너지

및 총 태양에너지

를 도출하도록 구비될 수 있다.Preferably, the low-resolution solar energy computation apparatus comprises a computed low-resolution shielding ratio

) And perforation rate (c)

, Scattered solar energy

And total solar energy

As shown in FIG.

는 수평면에서의 직달 태양에너지

와 저해상도의 천공 비율

의 곱으로 도출할 수 있고, 산란 태양에너지

는 수평면에서의 산란 태양에너지와 저해상도의 천공률

의 곱으로 도출될 수 있으며, 상기 총 태양에너지

는 상기 저해상도 직달 태양에너지

및 저해상도 산란 태양에너지

및 천공각 q 의 곱으로 도출될 수 있으며, 총 태양에너지

는 다음 식 23를 만족할 수 있다.Preferably the low resolution direct solar energy

Is the direct solar energy in the horizontal plane

And low-resolution drilling ratio

, And the scattered solar energy

The scattered solar energy in the horizontal plane and the low-resolution perforation rate

And the total solar energy < RTI ID = 0.0 >

The low-resolution direct solar energy

And low-resolution scattered solar energy

And the perforation angle q, and the total solar energy < RTI ID = 0.0 >

Can satisfy the following expression (23).

.. 식 23

.. Equation 23

According to the present invention, using the terrain data, the slope of the terrain, the aspect, the sky view factor, and the shield angle, which is the maximum shadow angle of the terrain according to the sun's azimuth angle, The converted high-resolution perforation rate and shielding ratio are converted into coefficients of the WRF model type by correcting them with low-resolution perforation rate and shielding ratio, and the radiated solar energy according to the terrain is derived from the puncturing rate and shielding ratio of the low- , The terrestrial prediction error due to terrain variation is fundamentally reduced to improve the accuracy of the prediction of the weather and reduce the computational complexity of the photovoltaic energy, thereby reducing the load of the system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and, together with the description of the invention given below, serve to further understand the technical idea of the invention. And should not be construed as limiting.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a weather prediction system in which solar energy is reflected in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a lattice point applied to a weather prediction system reflecting solar energy in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a WRF model correction apparatus 200 of a weather prediction system in which solar energy is reflected in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating DEM data of Seoul and surrounding areas of a weather prediction system in which solar energy is reflected in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a precipitation distribution using a WRF model in a weather prediction system that reflects solar energy in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram showing a shielding ratio and a puncture percentage distribution in a weather prediction system reflecting solar energy in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating solar energy distribution in a weather prediction system in which solar energy is reflected in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 8 is an exemplary diagram showing a solar energy frequency distribution in a weather prediction system in which solar energy is reflected in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing variations in solar energy and temperature in a weather prediction system in which solar energy is taken into consideration in consideration of a topographic effect according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Brief Description of the Drawings The advantages and features of the present invention, and how to accomplish them, will become apparent with reference to the embodiments described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. To fully disclose the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art, and the invention is only defined by the scope of the claims.

The terms used in this specification will be briefly described, and the present invention will be described in detail.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Also, in certain cases, there may be a term selected arbitrarily by the applicant, in which case the meaning thereof will be described in detail in the description of the corresponding invention. Therefore, the term used in the present invention should be defined based on the meaning of the term, not on the name of a simple term, but on the entire contents of the present invention.

When an element is referred to as "including" an element throughout the specification, it is to be understood that the element may include other elements as well, without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Also, as used herein, the term "part " refers to a hardware component such as software, FPGA or ASIC, and" part " However, "part" is not meant to be limited to software or hardware. "Part" may be configured to reside on an addressable storage medium and may be configured to play back one or more processors.

Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, "part (s) " refers to components such as software components, object oriented software components, class components and task components, and processes, Subroutines, segments of program code, drivers, firmware, microcode, circuitry, data, databases, data structures, tables, arrays and variables. The functions provided in the components and "parts " may be combined into a smaller number of components and" parts " or further separated into additional components and "parts ".

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. In order to clearly explain the present invention in the drawings, parts not related to the description will be omitted.

Hereinafter, an apparatus and method for calculating solar energy using a WRF model according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

, 및 천공각

를 토대로 도출된 차폐 비율

와 경사각 b과 고해상도 차폐율

을 토대로 도출된 저해상도의 천공률

를 저해상도 WRF 모델로 입력할 수 있는 계수로 변환하며, 변환된 저해상도 차폐 비율

및 천공률

를 기반으로 저해상도 복사 태양에너지를 산출하도록 구비될 수 있고, 이러한 시스템(S)는 WRF 모델 생성장치(100), WRF 모델 보정장치(200), 및 저해상도 태양에너지 산출장치(300)를 포함할 수 있다.FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a solar energy calculation apparatus using a WRF model according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a solar energy calculation system using a WRF model according to an embodiment of the present invention S) is a coefficient that can be input into the WRF model as a slope, an aspect, a sky view factor, and a maximum shadow angle of the terrain by the sun's azimuth angle derived from the terrain altitude data And the inclination angle b of the high-resolution WRF model, the angle formed by the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the inclined plane of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

Shielding ratio derived from

And the inclination angle b and the high-resolution shielding rate

Of low-resolution perforation rate

Into a coefficient that can be input into the low-resolution WRF model, and the converted low-resolution shielding ratio

And puncture rate

And the system S may include a WRF model generation apparatus 100, a WRF model correction apparatus 200, and a low resolution solar energy calculation apparatus 300 have.

The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model is a next-generation numerical model developed by UCAR / NCAR (National Center for Atmospheric Research). It is a model developed focusing on high-resolution prediction.

Here, the WRF model generation apparatus 100 generates a slope, a slope, a sky view factor, and an azimuth angle of the terrain altitude data based on a DEM (Digital Elevation Model) The maximum shadowing angle of the terrain can be calculated and transformed into a coefficient that can be entered into the WRF model.

That is, the WRF model generation apparatus 100 can calculate the inclination angle b, the inclination direction f, and the perforation angle q by calculating the inclination angle b and the inclination direction f at a predetermined lattice point using the terrain altitude data supplied from the outside.

또는 남북 방향의 고도 기울기

를 이용하여 연산될 수 있다.Here, the inclination angle b and the inclination direction f at the predetermined lattice point are the same as the inclination angle b at the predetermined lattice point 5 shown in Fig. 2

Or an altitude slope in the north-south direction

. ≪ / RTI >

또는 남북 방향의 고도 기울기

는 다음 식 1 및 식 2로부터 도출될 수 있다.Assuming that topographic elevation (DEM) data is arranged as shown in FIG. 2, at a predetermined grid point 5,

Or an altitude slope in the north-south direction

Can be derived from the following equations (1) and (2).

.. 식 1

.. Equation 1

.. 식 2

.. Equation 2

Where z is the altitude of each grid point and the subscripts are the location information of the grid point. dx, dy is the distance between the east-west and north-south lattice points, and dz is the altitude difference between the lattices.

또는 남북 방향의 고도 기울기

를 이용하여 도출된 경사각 b 및 경사방향 f는 소정 격자점 5에 다음 식 3 및 4를 만족할 수 있다.Also, the east-west elevation slope

Or an altitude slope in the north-south direction

The inclination angle b and the oblique direction f derived using the equation (3) can satisfy the following equations (3) and (4) at the predetermined lattice point 5.

.. 식 3

.. Equation 3

.. 식 4

.. Equation 4

과, 전술된 경사각 b 및 경사방향 f 과 태양의 천공각 q을 이용하여 소정 격자점의 천공률

을 산출할 수 있다.On the other hand, the WRF model generation apparatus 100 finds the maximum altitude with respect to the azimuth of 0 to 360 for each predetermined lattice point,

And the above-described inclination angle b, oblique direction f and sun's perforation angle q,

Can be calculated.

이고 고도가

인 계산 격자점(5)으로부터 f방향으로

거리만큼 떨어져 있는 지형의 고도가

일 경우 직달 태양에너지의 차폐각(shading angle,

)은 다음 식 5를 만족한다.That is, the distance from the predetermined lattice point 5

And altitude

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > (5) < / RTI &

The altitude of the terrain

The shading angle of direct solar energy,

) Satisfies the following expression (5).

.. 식 5

.. Equation 5

과 격자점 5의 경사면의 수선과 이루는 각

일 경우 소정 격자점 5가 위치한 지형에 의하여 직달 태양에너지가 차폐되는 것(self-shading)을 의미하고 태양의 방위각

를 만족하는 경우 소정 격자점(5)에서 떨어진 지형에 의하여 직달 태양에너지가 차폐하는 되는 것(shading)이다. At this time,

And the angle formed by the waterline of the slope of the grid point 5

Means that the direct solar energy is shielded by the terrain where the grid point 5 is located (self-shading) and the azimuth angle of the sun

Is the shading of direct solar energy by the topography away from the lattice point 5 if it satisfies.

과 태양의 천공각 q에 따라 차폐각

을 재계산하는 과정이 필요하다.Then, the surrounding terrain which can affect the lattice point (5) is investigated, and the azimuth angle of the sun

And the sun's perforation angle q,

To be recalculated.

은 상기 차폐각

, 태양의 경사각 b과, 방위각

으로부터 산출될 수 있으며, 천공률

은 다음 식 6를 만족할 수 있다. On the other hand, the sky view factor

Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 >

, The inclination angle b of the sun, and the azimuth angle

, And the puncture rate

Can satisfy the following expression (6).

.. 식 6

.. Equation 6

는 천공률 (sky-view factor)로써 주변 지형들이 산란 태양에너지 계산에 미치는 영향을 0 에서 1 사이의 값으로 나타나며 관측 격자점의 모든 방향에 대하여 지형 등의 차폐물에 의하여 산란 태양에너지의 차폐가 발생되지 않을 경우 1이고 차폐가 많아질수록 0에 가깝게 연산될 수 있다. here,

Is a sky-view factor. The influence of surrounding topography on the calculation of scattering solar energy is shown as a value between 0 and 1, and scattered by topographic shields in all directions of the observation grid point. 1, and as the shielding increases, it can be calculated close to zero.

는

보다 클 수 없고, 경사각 기준으로 차폐각이 90 도 이상 반대방향인 경우

는 0보다는 작을 수 없다.Here, when the inclination angle of the terrain is 90 degrees or more in the opposite direction

The

And the shielding angle is 90 degrees or more in the opposite direction on the basis of the inclination angle

Can not be less than zero.

과

는 다음 식 7-1과 7-2를 각각 만족하고,

는 다음과 같이 계산 지점의 경사각과 방위각의 함수로 표현되며 다음 식 7-3을 만족할 수 있다.Therefore

and

Satisfy the following expressions 7-1 and 7-2, respectively,

Is expressed as a function of the inclination angle and the azimuth angle of the calculation point as follows and can satisfy the following Equation 7-3.

.. 식 7-1

.. Equation 7-1

.. 식 7-2

.. Equation 7-2

.. 식 7-3

.. Equation 7-3

는 태양에너지의 차폐각이며

는 경사면에서 하늘 차폐각을 의미하며 소정 격자점(5)의 지형 경사면의 방위각과 태양 방위각의 함수로 표현된다. here,

Is the shielding angle of solar energy

Means a sky shielding angle in the slope and is expressed as a function of the azimuth angle of the terrain slope of the predetermined lattice point 5 and the sun azimuth angle.

The WRF model generation apparatus 100 calculates the slope, the aspect, the sky view factor, and the shield angle, which is the maximum shadow angle of the terrain according to the azimuth angle of the sun, derived from the above- It is possible to generate a high-resolution WRF model by converting it into a coefficient of a high-resolution WRF model.

In order to overcome these limitations, the resolution compensating apparatus 200 according to the present invention has a limitation in applying the solar energy to the actual weather prediction system because a complicated calculation process is required for application to the nesting grid system, As shown in FIG.

, 및 천공각

를 토대로 차폐 비율

를 도출하고, 경사각 b과 고해상도의 천공율

을 토대로 저해상도의 천공률

를 도출하며, 저해상도 차폐비율

및 천공률(c)로부터 WRF 모델의 계수를 이용하여 저해상도의 직달 태양에너지

, 산란 태양에너지

및 총 태양에너지

를 도출하도록 구비될 수 있다.Accordingly, the WRF model correcting apparatus 200 obtains the angle formed by the inclination angle b of the WRF model, the sun perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

The shielding ratio

And the inclination angle b and the high-punch rate

Based on the low-resolution perforation rate

And the low-resolution shielding ratio

And the perforation rate (c) using the coefficients of the WRF model.

, Scattered solar energy

And total solar energy

As shown in FIG.

과 천공각

에 대한 저해상도 차폐비율

을 도출하는 차폐 비율 연산부(210) 및 소정 격자점의 저해상도 천공률(c)를 태양의 방위각 및 천공각 별로 산출하는 천공률 연산부(220)와, 도출된 저해상도 차폐비율

및 저해상도 천공률(c)를 WRF 모델에 입력할 수 있는 형태의 계수로 변환하는 전처리부(230)를 포함할 수 있다. 3 shows a detailed configuration of the WRF model correcting apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIG. 3, the WRF model correcting apparatus 200 calculates the azimuth angle

And perforation angle

The low-resolution shielding ratio

A puncture rate computing unit 220 for computing a low-resolution puncturing rate c of a predetermined lattice point for each azimuth angle and perforation angle of the sun, and a low-

And a preprocessing unit 230 for converting the low-resolution puncture rate c into coefficients of a type that can be input to the WRF model.

, 및 천공각

를 토대로 차폐 비율

를 도출할 수 있고, 차폐 비율

은 다음 식 8로 나타낼 수 있다.In other words, the shielding ratio calculation unit 210 calculates the shielding ratio of the WRF model based on the inclination angle b of the WRF model, the angle between the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

The shielding ratio

, And the shielding ratio

Can be expressed by the following equation (8).

.. 식 8

.. Equation 8

고해상도로 계산한 격자점을 의미한다. 그리고, 경사각 b, 태양의 천공각과 소정 격자점의 경사면의 수선과 이루는 각

, 및 천공각

는 30 m에서 연산된 각 값에 대한 각각의 평균치를 1 km의 저해상도에 적용될 수 있다.here,

Means a grid point calculated with high resolution. Then, the inclination angle b, the angle between the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

Can be applied to a low resolution of 1 km for each value of each value calculated at 30 m.

을 토대로 저해상도의 천공률

를 도출할 수 있고, 이에 저해상도의 천공률

은 다음 식 9를 만족할 수 있다.In addition, the puncture rate calculation unit 220 calculates the puncture rate < RTI ID = 0.0 >

Based on the low-resolution perforation rate

Therefore, it is possible to obtain a low-

Can satisfy the following expression (9).

.. 식 9

.. Equation 9

및 저해상도의 천공률

는 전처리부(230)에 의거 WRF 모델로 입력할 수 있는 형태의 계수로 변환하여 WRF 모델로 입력될 수 있다.Such low-resolution shielding ratio shielding ratio

And low-resolution puncturing rate

May be converted into coefficients of a type that can be input to the WRF model by the preprocessing unit 230 and input to the WRF model.

와 저해상도의 천공 비율

의 곱으로 저해상도의 직달 태양에너지

를 도출할 수 있고, 수평면에서의 산란 태양에너지와 저해상도의 천공률

의 곱으로 산란 태양에너지

를 도출할 수 있으며, 이러한 저해상도 직달 태양에너지

및 저해상도 산란 태양에너지

및 천공각 q 으로부터 저해상도의 총 태양에너지

를 도출할 수 있다.Further, the low-resolution solar energy calculation apparatus 300 calculates the direct solar energy

And low-resolution drilling ratio

The direct solar energy of low resolution

, And the scattering solar energy in the horizontal plane and the low-resolution perforation rate

Solar energy scattered as a product of

, And this low-resolution direct solar energy

And low-resolution scattered solar energy

And a total solar energy of low resolution from the perforation angle q

Can be derived.

, 산란 태양에너지

, 저해상도의 총 태양에너지

는 다음 식 10, 11, 및 12로 나타낼 수 있다.Here, direct solar energy

, Scattered solar energy

, Low-resolution total solar energy

Can be expressed by the following equations (10), (11), and (12).

.. 식 10

.. Equation 10

.. 식 11

.. Equation 11

.. 식 12

.. Equation 12

를 WRF 모델에 적용함에 따라 도시지역 및 복잡한 지형에 따라 지표면에 도달하는 태양 에너지의 변동을 반영하여 보다 정확한 기상 예측이 가능하다.Accordingly, the total solar energy of the embodiment of the present invention

Is applied to the WRF model, it is possible to predict the weather more precisely by reflecting the variation of the solar energy reaching the surface depending on the urban area and the complicated terrain.

, 저해상도 천공률

를 추가하고 있으며, 직달, 산란 및 전천 태양복사와 적외복사를 계산하기 위하여 많은 상태의 변수들과 기존의 복사를 계산하는 변수들을 추가 및 수정할 수 있다.In an embodiment of the present invention, in performing weather prediction based on solar energy with the terrain effect reflected solar energy, a low resolution shielding ratio

, Low resolution perforation rate

And can add and modify many state variables and variables to compute existing radiation to calculate direct sun, scatter and all-sky solar radiation and infrared radiation.

<Examples>

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating DEM data of Seoul and surrounding areas of a weather prediction system reflecting radiant solar energy according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, a case will be described from July 22, 2015 to July 24, It was clear on July 22, 2015, but on July 23, due to the continuous influx of humid air from the south-east wind, the precipitation basin was dyed north from the west sea and brought many rainfall locally to the north of Gyeonggi and Gyeonggi.

At 00 UTC on July 22, 2015 and 00 UTC on July 23, 2015, it was clear that there was a weak underwinter on the 22nd, but it was cloudy on the 23rd.

The daily cumulative precipitation of the AWS of the Korea Meteorological Administration shows no precipitation on the 22nd day, but on the 23rd, precipitation over 15mm was observed throughout the Seoul metropolitan area and precipitation was recorded up to 163mm in the northern part. Numerical simulations of the case were carried out in the case of considering the topographical effect and the normative experiment not considering the topographic effect.

5 is a graph showing the distribution of the predicted precipitation amount using the WRF model, which is the cumulative precipitation amount on July 23, 2015 and the 24th, 2015, which is the example of FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 5, This is an example of cumulative precipitation on the 23rd and 24th of the month, which is the forecasting result of the precipitation and WRF model of the AWS. In the metropolitan area, rainfall of less than 1 mm / day was recorded on July 23, but predicted rainfall of 2-3 mm / day in model predictions. On July 24, more than 20 mm / day of rainfall was observed. In some models, rainfall over 100 mm / day was predicted in some areas, but similar rainfall was predicted in Seoul. Precipitation is not accurate, but the distribution of precipitation on July 23 and July 24 is simulated similarly.

On the other hand, the low-resolution screening ratio k and the low-resolution puncturing rate c are calculated using the WRF model correcting apparatus 200 shown in FIG. 1 using the inclination angle of the terrain and the maximum azimuth angle according to the sun azimuth angle, Based on the low-resolution perforation rate c, direct solar energy, scattering solar energy, and total solar energy can be calculated based on the low-resolution solar energy calculation device 300.

At this time, c for the scattering solar energy calculation can be calculated as the correction coefficient data of the scattering solar energy of the cross section.

Direct solar energy is calculated by dividing the sun's perforation angle and the sun's azimuth angle into 5 °, with perforation angles ranging from 0 ° to 90 ° in 5 ° increments of 17 ° and a solar azimuth in the range of 0 ° to 360 ° The computation of the shielding ratio k and the low-resolution puncturing rate c is possible for the grid points formed by the final 1296 surfaces. Once the azimuth angle and the perforation angle of the sun are determined at the calculated shielding ratio k and the low-resolution perforation rate c, the correction factor of the direct solar energy is converted into the WRF model, and the solar energy can be derived through this WRF model.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the distribution of the low-resolution shielding ratio k and the low-resolution puncturing rate c in the metropolitan area in order to examine the distribution of the surface solar energy according to the topography effect in the case shown in FIG. 4. Referring to FIG. 6, The puncture rate c is constant with time, and the low resolution puncture rate k changes with time because the azimuth and perforation angle of the sun changes with time.

In other words, the moon and the afternoon are largely shielded by the terrain based on noon. In particular, it can be seen that in the morning time, a lot of solar energy arrives in the southeast, and in the afternoon a lot of solar energy arrives in the southwest, shielding in the northwest in the morning and northeast in the afternoon.

FIG. 7 is a view showing the distribution of direct sun energy and scattered solar energy calculated in the example shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 8 is an example showing direct sun energy and scattered solar energy frequency distribution, and FIGS. 7 and 8 The horizontal distribution of 0800, 1200, and 1600 LST on July 23, 2015 is shown for clear solar energy reaching the surface of the earth, solar energy considering weather conditions, surface temperature, 2 m temperature, wind speed and PBLH And for the latitude of 37.7 and the hardness of 126.7.

In the morning, since the solar energy reaches a lot in the southeast of the mountain compared with the horizon, it can affect the surface temperature and the temperature. In the afternoon, the solar energy reaching to the southwest can be increased and the temperature can be relatively high.

FIG. 9 is a time series of polarization based on the prediction using the 30s terrain data, which is a reference for the remaining variables except the relative humidity, which is different from the case-by-case observation data shown in FIG. , The predicted values were averaged for the areas (37.3N ~ 37.8N, 126.7E ~ 127.3E) where the precipitation appeared in the center of Seoul in Case 1.

For example, in case of precipitation, case 1 showed more than 2.5mm / hr for area, and case 2 showed 2mm / hr because of less rainfall. In the case of temperature, it was observed that the maximum over 1oC was overestimated when using high resolution terrain data, and the deviation was large during the daytime and decreased at nighttime. Wind speed was underestimated in Case 1 and Case 2 was centered at 0, and the deviation was less than + -1m / s.

The effect of use of high - resolution landmark data was evident for each variable. As the characteristics of the high resolution surface were used, the Han River which was not seen in the 1km topography and land use data was expressed in the model and the solar energy reaching the surface changed and the surface temperature changed due to the variation of the release rate. Especially, in the high resolution data (S03, S01), the changes in the sensible heat and latent heat in the Han river part were apparent, and the temperature and wind speed of 2m were changed. Especially complex terrain and urban areas are up-to-date and realistic, so complex features are clearly reflected in temperature and wind speed. Changes in the altitude of the boundary layer due to changes in temperature and wind speed influenced precipitation, but the difference in the degree of influence seems to be small.

Thus, using the terrain data, we convert the maximum angle shadow angle of the terrain into the coefficients of the high resolution WRF model by the slope, the aspect, the sky view factor, and the azimuth angle of the sun. , Transformed high resolution perforation rate and shielding ratio with low resolution perforation rate and shielding ratio to convert to WRF model form factor and derive radiant solar energy according to terrain with perforation rate and shielding ratio of low resolution WRF model, It is possible to improve the accuracy of the weather prediction and reduce the computational complexity of the photovoltaic energy, thereby reducing the load of the system.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. will be. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the above-described embodiments, but should be determined by all changes or modifications derived from the scope of the appended claims and equivalents of the following claims.

Using the topographic data, we convert the maximum angle shadow angle of the terrain into the coefficients of the high resolution WRF model by the slope, the aspect, the sky view factor, and the azimuth angle of the sun, The high resolution perforation rate and the shielding ratio are corrected by the low resolution perforation rate and the shielding ratio into the coefficients of the WRF model type and the radiated solar energy according to the terrain is obtained by the perforation rate and the shielding ratio of the low resolution WRF model, Operation of climate prediction system reflecting radiant solar energy which can reduce accuracy of meteorological prediction by radically reducing meteorological prediction error due to energy fluctuation and reduce computational complexity of radiant solar energy to reduce system load The accuracy and reliability of the weather forecasting system, and furthermore, Since the plate or the degree that there is sufficient likelihood of sales, as well as obviously the invention carried out in reality there is industrial applicability.

Claims (7)

Based on the terrain supplied from the outside, the terrain data is used to calculate the slope, slope, sky view factor, and sun of the terrain elevation data based on DEM (Digital Elevation Model) A WRF model generating device for calculating the maximum shadow angle of the terrain according to the azimuth angle and converting the angle into a coefficient of a form that can be input to the WRF model;
The low-resolution shielding ratio and the puncturing ratio are derived based on the angle of inclination, the sun's perforation angle and the angle formed by the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point, the perforation angle, and the high-resolution perforation ratio, and the derived low- A WRF model correction device that converts the WRF model into a coefficient of a possible form; And
And a low-resolution solar energy derivation device for deriving low-resolution direct solar energy, scattering solar energy, and total solar energy based on the low-resolution low-resolution shielding ratio and the puncture ratio. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the WRF model correction device
The inclination angle b, the angle formed by the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

And the average value of each of the values calculated by the high-resolution unit of the predetermined distance. The WRF model correcting apparatus according to claim 2,
The azimuthal angle of the WRF model

And perforation angle

The low-resolution shielding ratio

A shielding ratio calculator for deriving a shielding ratio;
A puncture rate computing unit for computing a low-resolution puncturing rate (c) of a predetermined lattice point for each azimuth and perforation angle of the sun;
The resulting low-resolution shielding ratio

And a preprocessing unit for converting the low-resolution puncture rate (c) into a coefficient that can be input to the WRF model.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the shielding-
An inclination angle b of the WRF model, an angle formed by the sun's perforation angle and the waterline of the slope of the predetermined lattice point

, And a perforated angle

The shielding ratio

And the following equation (21) is satisfied: &lt; EMI ID = 21.0 &gt;

.. Equation 21
here,

Means a grid point calculated with high resolution. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the puncture rate computing unit
The inclination angle b and the puncture rate

Based on the low-resolution perforation rate

And a low-resolution puncturing rate

Wherein the solar energy is reflected in consideration of the terrain effect.

.. Equation 22
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the low resolution solar energy calculation device
The calculated low-resolution shielding ratio

And perforation rate c,

, Scattered solar energy

And total solar energy

Wherein the solar energy is reflected on the basis of the terrain effect.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the low resolution direct solar energy

The
Direct solar energy in a horizontal plane

And low-resolution drilling ratio

, &Lt; / RTI &gt;
Scattered solar energy

The scattered solar energy in the horizontal plane and the low-resolution perforation rate

, &Lt; / RTI &gt;
The total solar energy

The low-resolution direct solar energy

And low-resolution scattered solar energy

And the perforation angle q, and the total solar energy &lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt;

Is satisfied by the following equation (23).

.. Equation 23

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