KR20180038266A - Long Fiber Reinforced Article And Resin Composition Of The Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a molded article of polyamide which has a relative viscosity of 2.4-3.0, and more particularly, to a long-fiber reinforced molded article comprising: 20-60 wt% of a long-fiber reinforcing material having a length of 3-50 mm and an average diameter of 5-30 μm per a total weight of the molded article; and 2-3 polyhydric alcohols in a weight ratio of 0.01-0.04 per the weight of the long-fiber reinforcing material, and a composition thereof.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a long fiber reinforced injection molded article,

The present invention relates to an injection molded article and a composition thereof, and more particularly, to an injection molded article and a composition thereof which can improve the impregnation rate of a resin with respect to long fibers and provide excellent flowability and adhesion, Fiber reinforced injection molded articles and compositions thereof.

Composite refers to a material that artificially mixes or binds materials with different components and properties to maximize the properties of each material or to have new properties that are not expressed in a single material. Composite materials are basically excellent in properties such as strength, corrosion resistance, fatigue life, abrasion resistance, impact resistance, and light weight compared to conventional materials. Therefore, they are widely used in aerospace, sports goods, shipbuilding, It is a representative 21st century industrial material that is attracting attention in the field.

The composite material is generally made of a reinforced material that is responsible for the load applied to the material, and a matrix that transmits the load to the reinforcement in combination with the reinforcement. The reinforcing material is usually glass fiber, carbon fiber, aramid A variety of fibrous reinforcing materials such as polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, polyolefins, Resin type base materials such as thermoplastic resins including phenol sulfide and phenol sulfide are widely used.

Such a composite material is classified into various types depending on which materials are combined with each other. Fiber reinforced composite materials in which a fiber reinforcing material such as glass fiber is mixed with a resin so as to improve the mechanical strength of the resin product are most widely manufactured. Such fiber-reinforced composite materials can be classified into short-fiber reinforced resin and long-fiber reinforced thermoplastics (LFT).

The short-fiber-reinforced resin has a short fiber length of 0.5 mm or less so that it can be easily dispersed in the resin and the short fibers are evenly distributed to the end of the molded article. However, it is difficult to obtain sufficient strength for applications requiring a large load. On the other hand, although the long fiber reinforced resin has excellent mechanical properties as compared with the short fiber reinforced resin, the impregnation property is low due to difference in the impregnation process, and the flow property is short compared to the short fiber reinforced polyamide material due to the long fiber located inside the material .

On the other hand, in recent years, in order to improve the fuel efficiency of automobiles, there has been an increasing demand for weight reduction of the vehicle body, and the metal parts are resinized (resinized). In order to further increase the degree of freedom in shape, a plurality of primary molded bodies are combined and melted, and various kinds of hollow body parts Is being developed. Examples of such methods include a vibration welding method, a hot plate welding method, an ultrasonic welding method, a laser welding method, and an injection welding method. Among them, the injection welding method is attracting attention from the viewpoint of excellent productivity.

A variety of injection-wearing materials containing polyamides have been proposed in order to increase the welding strength between the primary molded bodies bonded by the injection welding method. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-116799) discloses an injection-wearing material in which aromatic polyamide and aliphatic polyamide are mixed in a specific weight ratio. Patent Document 2 In Publication No. 2000-061983, a polyamide composition containing polyamide, glass fiber and nigrosine compound is disclosed as an injection-wearing material.

In such an injection welding method, since the method of manufacturing a molded article by melting the preliminarily immobilized molten resin and resin in the injection welding apparatus is particularly required, the control of the fluidity of the resin is particularly required. So that a stable strength can not be obtained. In particular, in order to apply the fiber-reinforced resin to the injection molding, the melt strength can not be obtained unless the fiber-reinforced resin is flowed in a short period of time.

In order to overcome such limitations, it has been proposed to add additives such as an aliphatic carboxylic acid-based ester, an aliphatic carboxylic acid-based material and an amide compound in the case of using a resin having a lower viscosity than that of the present invention or as a polyamide resin as a flowability improving additive . However, in manufacturing a long fiber reinforced injection molded article using the dual injection welding method, there is no known technology capable of satisfying both the impregnation of the resin with respect to the long fiber and the durability of the molded article.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a long fiber-reinforced injection molded article and its composition having excellent mechanical properties by improving the resin impregnation property of polyamide with respect to long fibers in producing a long fiber reinforced injection molded article by using the double injection welding method I want to.

In order to solve the above problems, a first preferred embodiment of the present invention is an injection molded article of polyamide having a relative viscosity of 2.4 to 3.0, which comprises a long fiber reinforcing material having a length of 3 to 50 mm and an average diameter of 5 to 30 탆, By weight based on the weight of the long fiber reinforcement, and 20 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the long fiber reinforcement, of a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 3 trivalent weight in a weight ratio of 0.01 to 0.04.

The long fiber reinforced injection molded product according to the first embodiment may have a porosity (V) defined by the following formula 1 of 2% or less, a tensile strength of 230 MPa or more according to ASTM D638 measurement standard, a flexural modulus of 14,000 MPa or more according to ASTM D790 measurement standard The ASTM D256 measurement standard may be that satisfying the IZOD impact strength of 22.0 kgfcm / cm or more.

<Formula 1>

V (porosity%) = (Td-Md) / Td

Td (theoretical composite density) = 100 / (R / D + r / d)

R = Resin weight%, r = Reinforcement weight%,

D = Density of resin, d = Density of reinforcement,

Md = measured composite density.

A second preferred embodiment of the present invention for solving the above problems is a polyamide having a relative viscosity of 2.4 to 3.0, a long fiber reinforcement having a length of 3 to 50 mm and an average diameter of 5 to 30 탆, Wherein the long fiber reinforcing material is contained in an amount of 25 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of polyamide and the ratio of the long fiber reinforcing material to the polyhydric alcohol is 100: 1 to 25: 1 by weight. As the molding composition, the composition according to the second embodiment was measured at a mold temperature of 80 캜, a cylinder temperature of 290 캜, an injection speed of 100 mm / s and an injection pressure of 40 bar The spiral lead length may be 35 mm or more.

The long fiber-reinforced injection molded article of the present invention is significantly improved in resin impregnation to long fibers, and as a result, it exhibits excellent mechanical strength and weld strength (adhesiveness), and thus can be usefully used in automobile parts and household electric appliances.

In addition, since the injection molding composition of the present invention has improved flowability without causing deterioration of physical properties, it can be used without difficulty even when containing long fibers.

FIG. 1 is a top view, a front view, and a side view of a test piece formed by a double injection method for measuring a welding load in an embodiment of the present invention.

The present invention relates to an injection-molded article of polyamide having a relative viscosity of 2.4 to 3.0, which comprises 20 to 60 wt% of a long-fiber reinforcement having a length of 3 to 50 mm and an average diameter of 5 to 30 탆, By weight based on the weight of the long-fiber reinforcement material, in a weight ratio of 0.01 to 0.04.

The present invention also provides a resin for providing the long fiber-reinforced injection molded article, which comprises a polyamide having a relative viscosity of 2.4 to 3.0, a long fiber reinforcement having a length of 3 to 50 mm and an average diameter of 5 to 30 탆, Wherein the long fiber reinforcing material is contained in an amount of 25 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyamide and the content ratio of the long fiber reinforcing material and the polyhydric alcohol is 100: 1 to 25: 1 by weight. And a composition for injection molding.

The relative viscosity of the polyamide described in the present invention means a value measured by adding 1 g of a polyamide resin to 100 ml of 96% sulfuric acid at 20 캜. When the relative viscosity of the polyamide of the present invention is less than 2.4, Mechanical properties are too low. When the relative viscosity exceeds 3.0, the impregnation properties of the resin and the glass fiber may deteriorate due to a decrease in physical properties, which may be unsuitable.

The polyamide of the present invention is at least one aliphatic polyamide selected from the group consisting of polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 46, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, polyamide 11 and polyamide 12, polyhexadiamine terephthalamide, Aromatic polyamides obtained from polyhexadienamine diisophthalamide, polytetramethylene isophthalamide, meta-xylylenediamine and adipic acid, or copolymerization or mixture thereof, and measured by GPC (Gel Permeation Chromatography) It may be preferable that the weight average molecular weight is 20,000 to 40,000 . At this time, if it is intended to further improve the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the long fiber-reinforced composite material, it may be more advantageous to use at least two of the polyamide resins as an alloy, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the present invention, the long fiber reinforcing material may be selected from the group consisting of glass fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, metal fiber, basalt fiber, cotton fiber, wool fiber, silk fiber, aramid fiber, PE fiber, PAN fiber, PET fibers. It may be preferable that the length is 3 to 50 mm and the average diameter is 5 to 30 탆.

If the length of the fiber as the reinforcing material is less than 3 mm, it exhibits the characteristics of the short fiber. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain sufficient strength for the application requiring a large load, while if it exceeds 50 mm, molding is not preferable. If the diameter is less than 5 mu m, the number of fibers existing per unit area increases and the penetration of the resin into the spaces between the fibers is not free and the impregnability is lowered. When the diameter exceeds 30 mu m, L / D (length / It may be inadequate to improve the mechanical properties.

The content of the long fiber reinforcement is preferably 25 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polyamide. If the amount is less than 25 parts by weight, the effect of improving the physical properties is insignificant. If the amount is more than 150 parts by weight, The mechanical strength may be lowered or the surface condition may be deteriorated. The long fiber reinforcing material may be supplied as continuous fibers of a roving shape as in the drawing method and impregnated with the resin, but is not limited thereto.

Meanwhile, in the present invention, the polyhydric alcohol may be at least one selected from pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, polyethylene glycol and glycerol, and from the viewpoint of physical properties, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol , Tripentaerythritol, and polyethylene glycol, and most preferably pentaerythritol. The polyhydric alcohol may be mixed with the polyamide through a device such as a biaxial kneader or the like.

However, in the present invention, the polyhydric alcohol is preferably added according to the content of the long fiber reinforcing material, and the content ratio of the long fiber reinforcing material and the polyhydric alcohol is preferably 100: 1 to 25: 1 by weight. If the content of the polyhydric alcohol is less than the above range, there may be a problem that the fluidity (flowability) is insufficient during molding and the resin impregnation does not sufficiently take place. If the content of the polyhydric alcohol is excessively added, Can be lowered.

The injection molding composition of the present invention may further contain one kind selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, antiwear agents, slip agents, ultraviolet light stabilizers, neutralizers, flame retardants, nucleating agents, antistatic agents, The above functional additive may further be included.

Since the injection molding composition of the present invention has excellent flowability, a large amount of resin flows uniformly between the long fibers, and as a result, the impregnation can be effectively performed, so that the porosity of the molded article can be drastically reduced. More specifically, the composition for injection molding has a spiral lead length of 35 mm or more, more preferably 50 mm or more as measured at a mold temperature of 80 캜, a cylinder temperature of 290 캜, an injection speed of 100 mm / s and an injection pressure of 40 bar The flowability is excellent enough to appear.

Accordingly, the long fiber-reinforced injection molded article of the present invention can exhibit a porosity (V) of 2% or less as defined by the following formula (1).

<Formula 1>

V (porosity%) = (Td-Md) / Td

Td (theoretical composite density) = 100 / (R / D + r / d)

R = Resin weight%, r = Reinforcement weight%,

D = Density of resin, d = Density of reinforcement,

Md = measured composite density.

In addition, since the long fiber reinforcement can be controlled to have a porosity of 2% or less while containing 20 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the molded product, elements that adversely affect the physical properties of the final molded product are removed, It is possible to maximize the improvement of mechanical properties such as flexural strength, impact strength and the like. Thus, the long fiber-reinforced injection molded article of the present invention has a tensile strength of 230 MPa or more measured by ASTM D638, a bending elastic modulus of 14,000 MPa or more measured by ASTM D790, lt; RTI ID = 0.0 &gt; kgfcm / cm. &lt; / RTI &gt;

The long fiber-reinforced injection molded article of the present invention can more preferably satisfy a tensile strength of 240 MPa or more according to ASTM D638, a flexural modulus of 15,000 MPa or more based on ASTM D790 measurement, and an IZOD impact strength of 24.0 kgfcm / cm or more based on ASTM D256 measurement standard. When tensile test specimens were pulled by a tester at a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and a chuck distance of 100 mm using an INSTRON (2663-901 AVE 2 Extensometer) May be 370 kgf or more, and more preferably 390 kgf or more.

In addition, the injection-molding composition of the present invention is particularly applicable to double injection molding, and is useful as a substitute for a metal such as a front end module carrier, a cowl cross beam, and a car rear back beam, which are automobile structures in the fields of automobile parts, household appliances, It can be easily manufactured as a component.

Example

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These examples are for the purpose of illustrating the present invention more specifically, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Examples 1 to 7

Polyamide 66 resin (Acend, 21ZLV) 3 parts by weight of a black pigment master (MB9530, Woosung Chemical Co., Ltd.) and a polyhydric alcohol were added in the amounts shown in Table 1 on the basis of 100 parts by weight, and the mixture was mixed with a 44 mm diameter biaxial kneader TEX-44, The glass fiber reinforced resin pellets having a length of 10 mm were prepared by impregnating 100 parts by weight of the glass fiber (Owens Corning, SE4540, diameter 10 to 15 mu m) based on 100 parts by weight of the polyamide resin.

Comparative Example 1

In the above examples, long-fiber reinforced resin pellets were prepared in the same manner except that no polyhydric alcohol was added.

Comparative Example 2

The long fiber reinforced resin pellets were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the content of the polyhydric alcohol was changed so that the ratio of the polyhydric alcohol to the glass fiber was 10: 1.6 as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3

Instead of impregnating the glass fiber provided from the roving in the above-mentioned embodiment, glass fiber (3 to 4 mm in length, 10 to 11 mm in diameter, Owens Corning) was put into a twin screw kneader at the same time and mixed to prepare a short fiber reinforced resin pellet .

Comparative Examples 4 and 5

The long fiber reinforced resin pellets were prepared in the same manner as above except that the glass fiber content was changed as shown in Table 1.

Comparative Examples 6 and 7

The long fiber reinforced resin pellets were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the base resin was replaced with PA66 having a relative viscosity of 1.8 and PA66 having a viscosity of 3.4 as shown in Table 1.

Base
Suzy
(Parts by weight) GF
(Parts by weight) Pigment
(Parts by weight) Polyhydric alcohol (parts by weight) (end) (I) (All) (la) (hemp) Example 1 PA66 100 100 3 One Example 2 PA66 100 100 3 2 Example 3 PA66 100 100 3 4 Example 4 PA66 100 100 3 2 Example 5 PA66 100 100 3 2 Example 6 PA66 100 100 3 2 Example 7 PA66 100 100 3 2 Comparative Example 1 PA66 100 100 3 Comparative Example 2 PA66 100 100 3 8 Comparative Example 3 PA66 100 100 (SGF) 3 2 Comparative Example 4 PA66 100 20 3 2 Comparative Example 5 PA66 100 160 3 2 Comparative Example 6 Low viscosity
PA66 100 100 3 2 Comparative Example 7 High viscosity
PA66 100 100 3 2

(A) Pentaerythritol (Samjeon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., P11833)

(B) Dipentaerythritol (Aldrich)

(C) Tripentaerythritol (Aldrich)

(D) Polyethylene glycol (Samseon Pure Chemical Co.)

(E) Glycerol (Aldrich)

<Measurement example>

The pellets of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were molded into specimens in accordance with the ASTM test standards using an injection machine having a mold clamping force of 170 tons, and then the flow rate of the resin, the tensile strength of the specimen, Strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength were measured and are shown in Table 2.

(1) Flowability: The spiral lead length (flow length, mm) was measured at the time of injection through an injection mold (Dongshin, 170MC) having a spiral flow of 4.0t × 8.0w.

- Resin temperature setting: 290 ℃ (NH290, 285, 280, 275, 275, 270 ℃)

- Mold temperature setting: 80 ℃

- Holding pressure: 50 MPa, 100 MPa

- Holding time: 5 sec

- Cooling time: 15 sec

(2) Porosity (V): The void volume content was measured according to the following formula (ASTM-792).

V (porosity%) = (Td-Md) / Td

Td (theoretical composite density) = 100 / (R / D + r / d)

R = Resin weight%, r = Reinforcement weight%,

D = Density of resin, d = Density of reinforcement,

Md = measured composite density.

(3) Tensile strength: Measured according to ASTM D638.

(4) Flexural Strength: Measured according to ASTM D790

(5) Flexural modulus: Measured according to ASTM D790

(6) Impact strength: Measured according to ASTM D256

The pellets of Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 were produced using the injection molding machine (LG, LGH100N) under the following conditions with the double injection molded product shown in Fig. 1, and the welding strength ) Were measured and are shown in Table 2.

- Resin temperature: 300 ° C

- Mold temperature: 80 ℃

- Holding pressure: 20 MPa

- Injection time: 1 sec

- Cooling time: 20 sec

(7) Welding strength: When tensile test specimens were pulled by a tester under the conditions of a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and a chuck distance of 100 mm using an INSTRON (2663-901 AVE 2 extensometer) The strength at which fracture of the specimen starts to be generated was measured and averaged.

Spiral
(mm) Porosity
(%) Molded product (specimen) The tensile strength
(MPa) Flexural strength
(MPa) curve
Modulus of elasticity
(MPa) IZOD
Impact strength
(kgfcm / cm) Welding load
(kgf) Example 1 46 1.8 240 338 14876 24.5 395 Example 2 50 1.5 275 359 15800 26.0 420 Example 3 60 1.4 258 342 15052 24.8 400 Example 4 38 1.6 230 321 14128 23.2 376 Example 5 39 1.8 234 316 14325 22.9 370 Example 6 42 1.6 230 319 14040 23.1 373 Example 7 36 1.5 232 320 14084 23.2 374 Comparative Example 1 36 2.1 228 303 13335 21.9 354 Comparative Example 2 83 1.2 216 306 13624 20.4 357 Comparative Example 3 84 1.4 225 308 13555 22.3 360 Comparative Example 4 68 1.5 188 285 12543 20.6 333 Comparative Example 5 30 2.2 220 310 13804 21.0 340 Comparative Example 6 76 1.8 216 298 13115 21.6 349 Comparative Example 7 24 2.4 208 292 12851 21.1 342

As can be seen from Table 2, the flowability can be improved as the content of the polyhydric alcohol increases (Examples 1 to 3). On the other hand, when the polyhydric alcohol is not added as in Comparative Example 1, The filament in the glass fiber bundle is decreased in impregnation property to increase the porosity and thus the mechanical properties are not excellent. When the content of the filaments is too high as in Comparative Example 2, the strength is significantly lowered and the adhesiveness is not excellent Respectively.

In addition, although not particularly suggested for the type of polyhydric alcohol, the physical properties of pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol and polyethylene glycol (Examples 1 to 6) are slightly better than those of glycerol (Example 7) . In particular, it was confirmed that pentaerythritol exhibits the best physical properties as a result in the same amount (in Examples 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7).

On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Example 3, which is a short fiber reinforced molded product rather than a long fiber, the flowability is very good, but as a result, the physical properties such as strength are significantly inferior to those of the long fiber- If the fiber content is less than 25 parts by weight, the reinforcing fiber content is low compared to the resin content and the fiber reinforcing effect is very poor. On the other hand, if the fiber content exceeds 150 parts by weight as in Comparative Example 5, the fiber content is too high, And the porosity is increased, resulting in poor physical properties.

In addition, as in Comparative Example 6, when the viscosity of the resin is low, viscosity of the polymer itself is low even when a long fiber-reinforced composite material is produced with a low molecular weight. When the viscosity is high as in Comparative Example 7, It is confirmed that the impregnability of the reinforcing fiber bundle is very disadvantageous to the impregnation between the filaments and the porosity is high.

Claims (12)

An injection-molded article of polyamide having a relative viscosity of 2.4 to 3.0,
A long fiber reinforcing material having a length of 3 to 50 mm and an average diameter of 5 to 30 占 퐉 in an amount of 20 to 60% by weight based on the total weight of the molded article,
To 2 to 3 trivalent polyhydric alcohols in a weight ratio of 0.01 to 0.04 based on the weight of said long fiber reinforcement.
The polyamide according to claim 1, wherein the polyamide is at least one aliphatic polyamide selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 46, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, polyamide 11 and polyamide 12, Wherein the aromatic polyamide is a copolymer or mixture of aromatic polyamides obtained from terephthalamide, polyhexadiamine diisophthalamide, polytetramethylene isophthalamide, meta-xylylenediamine and adipic acid, or a mixture or mixture thereof. Shaped article.
The method of claim 1, wherein the long fiber reinforcement material is selected from the group consisting of glass fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, metal fiber, basalt fiber, cotton fiber, wool fiber, silk fiber, aramid fiber, PE fiber, Nylon fiber, and PET fiber.
The long-fiber reinforced injection-molded article according to claim 1, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is at least one selected from pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and polyethylene glycol.
The long-fiber reinforced injection-molded article according to claim 1, wherein the long-fiber-reinforced injection-molded article has a porosity (V) of 2%
<Formula 1>
V (porosity%) = (Td-Md) / Td
Td (theoretical composite density) = 100 / (R / D + r / d)
R = Resin weight%, r = Reinforcement weight%,
D = Density of resin, d = Density of reinforcement,
Md = measured composite density.
The long fiber reinforced injection molded product according to claim 1, wherein the long fiber reinforced injection molded product satisfies a tensile strength of 230 MPa or more according to ASTM D638, a flexural modulus of 14,000 MPa or more based on ASTM D790 measurement, and an IZOD impact strength of 22.0 kgfcm / cm or more based on ASTM D256 measurement standard Reinforced injection molding products .
A polyamide having a relative viscosity of 2.4 to 3.0, a long fiber reinforcement having a length of 3 to 50 mm and an average diameter of 5 to 30 占 퐉 and a polyhydric alcohol having 2 to 3 valences,
Wherein the long fiber reinforcing material is contained in an amount of 25 to 150 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of polyamide, and the ratio of the long fiber reinforcing material to the polyhydric alcohol is 100: 1 to 25: 1 by weight.
The polyamide according to claim 7, wherein the polyamide is at least one aliphatic polyamide selected from polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 46, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, polyamide 11 and polyamide 12, Wherein the composition is an aromatic polyamide obtained from terephthalamide, polyhexadienamine isophthalamide, polytetramethylene isophthalamide, meta-xylylenediamine and adipic acid, or copolymerization or mixture thereof. .
The method of claim 7, wherein the long fiber reinforcing material is selected from the group consisting of glass fiber, carbon fiber, graphite fiber, metal fiber, basalt fiber, cotton fiber, wool fiber, silk fiber, aramid fiber, PE fiber, Nylon fiber, and PET fiber.
The injection molding composition according to claim 7, wherein the polyhydric alcohol is at least one selected from pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, and polyethylene glycol.
The composition according to claim 7, wherein the composition further comprises at least one functional additive selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, a wear resistant agent, a slip agent, a UV stabilizer, a neutralizer, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent, an antistatic agent, Composition for injection molding.
8. The composition according to claim 7, wherein the composition has a melt flow rate measured at a mold temperature of 80 DEG C, a cylinder temperature of 290 DEG C, an injection speed of 100 mm / s and an injection pressure of 40 bar Wherein the spiral lead length is 35 mm or more.

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