KR20180017818A - The method of breeding Korean native cattle for reducing cold stress in Korean native cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for breeding Korean native cattle to reduce cold stress in Korean native cattle, which comprises the following steps: classifying a cold stress stage of the Korean native cattle by using the temperature and humidity index; and processing the Korean native cattle depending on Korean native cattle breeding management guideline determined by the cold stress stage of the Korean native cattle.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for reducing cold stress in Korean native cattle,

The present invention relates to a Hanwoo specification method for reducing the cold stress of Hanwoo.

Generally, in the case of using a domestic beef in a certain place, there is a large number of domestic beef in a narrow space, so that a change in the external environment such as temperature and humidity easily affects the livestock, Is likely to occur. Therefore, there is a demand for a specification system capable of reducing the stress caused by changes in the external environment in order to improve the productivity in the Hanwoo specification.

However, it has been difficult to apply a high-priced or high-quality Hanwoo specification system due to the conventional breeding and cultivation environment and the small size of the farmhouse.

Therefore, it has been urgently required to adopt a customized specification method capable of reducing the low temperature stress by grasping the low temperature stress necessary for the Hanwoo specification based on a simple index such as temperature and humidity in the small Hanwoo farmhouse.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1058807 (Registered Date: August 23, 2011, Name: Self-diagnosis and control method of housing environment)

It is an object of the present invention to provide a Hanwoo specification method for reducing cold stress of Hanwoo.

The present invention relates to a cow's milk specification method for reducing the low temperature stress of a Korean beef cattle, comprising the steps of: classifying the low - temperature stress stage of the cattle using the temperature and humidity index; And processing the Hanwoo according to the Hanwoo rearing management guidelines set for each cold stress stage of the Hanwoo, wherein the temperature and humidity index is calculated by the following equation, and the temperature and humidity index is 1.8 * Celsius temperature + 32-0.55 (1- / 100) 占 (1.8 占 폚 Celsius temperature -26), wherein the relative humidity is (water vapor pressure / saturated water vapor pressure) * 100, and the low temperature stress stage of the Hanwoo is classified into the following three stages: Stage 1 (Mild-moderate) stress is in the range of 26 to 30, and the third stage (moderate-severe stress) is a temperature-humidity index of 15 to 30, 25, and in the guideline for the management of the Hanwoo rearing according to the cold stress stages of the Hanwoo, the first stage (stress threshold) stress is a step in which the Hanwoo does not need to handle the specification according to the cold stress; - mild-moderate stress is the step of treating Hanwoo to control the nutrient requirement in the Hanwoo by controlling the compounding ratio of the feeds; the above three stages (moderate-severe stress) To control the nutrient requirement in the Korean beef cattle and to control the temperature in the beef cattle.

In the present invention, the control of the compounding ratio of the feed can be controlled by adjusting the crude protein (CP) and the total digestible nutrients (TDN) content of the feed so as to satisfy the nutrient requirement of the Korean beef cattle have.

In the present invention, the management for adjusting the temperature in the barrel may be performed through at least one of the ventilation wall in the barrel, the replacement of the sawdust in the floor, and the provision of the warm water.

In order to reduce the cold stress of the Korean beef cattle according to the present invention, it is necessary to understand the degree of the low temperature stress necessary for the Hanwoo specification based on a simple index of the temperature and the humidity in the small-scale Hanwoo farm, With the customized specification method, it is possible to increase the productivity of the small Hanwoo farmers.

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in metabolite in the blood of a Korean beef cattle according to the temperature and humidity index, (A) GOT (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase) and GPT (B) is a graph showing changes in the concentration of NEFA (non-esterified fatty acids) according to the temperature and humidity index, and (C) is a graph showing changes in concentration of glutamate pyruvic transaminase And a graph showing a change in glucose concentration according to the temperature and humidity index.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in hematology in the blood within the blood according to the temperature and humidity index, (A) is a graph showing changes in white blood cell (WBC) concentration according to the temperature and humidity index, FIG. 3C is a graph showing the change of the lymphocyte concentration according to the temperature and humidity index, and FIG. 3C is a graph showing the platelet concentration change according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in the concentration of cortisol according to the temperature and humidity index on the road showing the change of hormone in the blood of Korean beef according to the temperature and humidity index.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the behavior index of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index, (A) is a graph showing changes in heart rate according to the temperature and humidity index, (B) temperature.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in behavioral index of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG. 5 (A) is a graph showing feed intake changes according to the temperature and humidity index, and FIG. intake.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in the behavior index of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG. 6 (A) is a graph showing changes in standing and lying behavior according to the temperature and humidity index, and FIG. This is a graph showing the change in the number of ruminants.

The following examples illustrate the present invention and the present invention is not limited by the following examples, but may be variously modified and changed. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention.

The following description illustrates certain embodiments in order that those skilled in the art can readily implement the apparatuses and methods described. Other embodiments may include other variations, both structurally and logically. Unless explicitly required, individual components and functions may be selected generally, and the order of the processes may vary. Portions and features of some embodiments may be included in other embodiments or may be replaced by other embodiments.

It is to be understood that the specific structural or functional description of embodiments of the present invention disclosed herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the inventive concept But may be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein, including all changes, equivalents, or alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

All data of the present invention are expressed using mean and error. Student's t-test and TURKEY Kramer's multiple comparison test were performed using JMP 5.0 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) for statistical significance. Data significance was defined as the difference between groups when p value was less than 0.05.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

The present invention relates to a cow's milk specification method for reducing the low temperature stress of a cow &

Classifying the cold stress stage of the Korean beef cattle using the temperature and humidity index; And

It includes the step of processing Korean beef according to the Hanwoo rearing management guidelines set for the cold stress stages of Hanwoo,

The temperature and humidity index is calculated by the following equation,

Temperature and Humidity Index = 1.8 * Celsius temperature + 32-0.55 (1-relative humidity / 100) * (1.8 ° Celsius temperature -26)

Here, the relative humidity = (water vapor pressure / saturated water vapor pressure) * 100,

The cold stress stage of the Hanwoo cattle is classified into the following three stages,

Stage 1 (Stress Threshold) Stress has a temperature and humidity index of 31 to 36,

Stage 2 (mild-moderate) stress has a temperature and humidity index of 26-30,

Stage 3 (moderate-severe stress) has a temperature and humidity index of 15 to 25,

In the guideline of Hanwoo breeding management,

The first stage (stress threshold) stress is a step in which the specification management according to the low temperature stress is not required to be performed in the Hanwoo;

The two-step (mild-moderate) stress is a step of controlling the control of the nutrient requirement in the Hanwoo by controlling the blending ratio of the feed;

The above three stages (moderate-severe stress) are provided to control the nutrient requirement in the Korean beef cattle by controlling the blending ratio of the feeds and to control the temperature in the beef cattle.

The temperature in the temperature and humidity index refers to the temperature of the dry bulb in the specification space of the Korean beef cattle, and the temperature and humidity index according to the temperature and the relative humidity of the dry bulb in the specification space of the beef cattle are as shown in Table 1 below.

 [Table 1]

The term "low temperature" as used in the present invention means a temperature corresponding to a range of the low-temperature stress stage classified into one to three stages in Table 1, and corresponds to an image temperature of 2 ° C to -15 ° C.

Example  1. Indices of blood in Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index Of Metabolite  Confirm change

The changes of metabolites in the blood of Hanwoo were investigated according to the temperature and humidity index.

The concrete method is as follows, and the results are shown in Fig.

The catheter was stanchion corrected at the time of each temperature and humidity and blood was drawn from the jugular vein using an 18G needle and a 20ml syringe. The metabolic profile test (MPT) was performed using a biochemical analyzer ).

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in metabolite in the blood of a Korean beef cattle according to the temperature and humidity index, (A) GOT (glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase) and GPT (B) is a graph showing changes in the concentration of NEFA (non-esterified fatty acids) according to the temperature and humidity index, and (C) is a graph showing changes in concentration of glutamate pyruvic transaminase And a graph showing a change in glucose concentration according to the temperature and humidity index.

As shown in FIG. 1, the values of GOT and GPT in the blood metabolites did not significantly change with lowering of the temperature and humidity index, but the values of NEFA and glucose were within a range of about 25.08 to 27.89 and 27.89 to 30.7 Respectively. Here, NEFA levels are meaningful for protein metabolism in the body, and glucose levels are meaningful for carbohydrate energy metabolism. Changes in NEFA and Glucose indicate that abnormalities occurred in the body energy and protein metabolism of Korean beef cattle at temperatures ranging from about 25 to about 28 in the temperature and humidity index.

 Glucose levels above 70 mg / dl suggest metabolic problems with carbohydrate metabolism, which include mild-to-severe stress in two stages and severe-severe stress in three stages. Increasing NEFA levels above 150 uEq / L suggests that protein metabolism is a problem, including mild-to-severe stress in two stages and severe-severe stress in three stages.

According to the present invention, blood glucose is sampled according to the temperature and humidity index, and analysis of metabolic index is performed to analyze the blood glucose and NEFA levels, it is possible to determine the stress condition corresponding to the indicator, It can be used as a side.

Example  2. Identification of changes in hematology in the blood of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index

The changes of hematology were observed in the index of blood of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index.

The concrete method is as follows, and the results are shown in Fig.

Blood was stanchion corrected at the point of time appropriate for each temperature and humidity, and blood was collected from the jugular vein using an 18G needle and a 20ml syringe. CBC) analysis was performed using VetScan HM2 (Diamond Diagnostics, Abaxis Inc., MA, USA).

FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in hematology in the blood within the blood according to the temperature and humidity index, (A) is a graph showing changes in white blood cell (WBC) concentration according to the temperature and humidity index, FIG. 3C is a graph showing the change of the lymphocyte concentration according to the temperature and humidity index, and FIG. 3C is a graph showing the platelet concentration change according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG.

The significance of hematology is the result of showing the abnormality in the health condition of the animal.

As shown in FIG. 2, the values of white blood cells (WBC), lymphocytes and platelets tended to vary according to the temperature and humidity index, but there was no statistical significance, ), It was confirmed that the low temperature environment did not significantly affect the immune system in the body.

Example  3. Determination of hormonal changes in the blood of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index

The changes of hormone levels in the blood of Hanwoo were investigated according to the temperature and humidity index.

The concrete method is as follows, and the result is shown in Fig.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in the concentration of cortisol according to the temperature and humidity index on the road showing the change of hormone in the blood of Korean beef according to the temperature and humidity index.

Bovine Cortisol ELISA test kit (Endocrine technology Co., USA, USA) was used for blood sampling using a 18-gauge needle and a 20-ml syringe in the jugular vein. Respectively.

Cortisol is a kind of steroid hormone secreted from the adrenal cortex and is a hormone secreted to suppress the level of stress that an animal receives when it is stressed. This hormone, which is considered to be most closely related to stress, did not show a significant change in Hanwoo (especially, cattle).

Example  4. Change of behavior index of Hanwoo according to temperature and humidity index

The change of behavior index of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index was confirmed.

The specific method is as follows, and the results are shown in Figs.

The stanchion of the cows was corrected at the time of each temperature and humidity, and the temperature was measured for 1 minute at the rectum using a rectal thermometer. The heart rate was measured by measuring the heart rate for 1 minute using a stethoscope.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the change of the behavior index of the Korean beef according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG. 4 (A) is a graph showing the heart rate change according to the temperature and humidity index, temperature.

The heart rate and rectal temperature can be used as the most closely changing index according to low temperature environment.

 The Beats Per Minute (BPM) level of 60 - 64 (Beats Per Minute) was the level of the first stage stress threshold, and the level of Beats Per Minute (BPM) was 65 - 71, 72 (Beats Per Minute) of BPM can be judged to be the severity-moderate stress condition. Rectal temperature 38.7 - 39.3 ℃ is the first stage stress threshold level, 39.4 - 39.6 ℃ is the second stage stress mild - Level, and 39.7 ℃ or higher could be used as a basis for judging the 3 stage stress severity - middle status. In general, the heart rate and rectum temperature can be measured directly on the spot without any analysis. Therefore, it can be confirmed that when the low temperature stress environment is suspected, the heart rate and the rectum temperature can be measured and used in terms of the specification control and the breeding environment control.

Next, changes in feed intake and drinking water intake were measured daily at 9:00 am, followed by daily intake at 9:00 am on the next day after the feed and water were weighed.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing changes in behavioral index of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG. 5 (A) is a graph showing feed intake changes according to the temperature and humidity index, and FIG. intake.

The changes in feed intake and intake of nutrients affected the energy metabolism in the body.

Next, the changes in standing and lying and the number of ruminants were recorded by using the cameras installed in each ally, and the data were used for the daytime from 09:00 to 19:00. Using the recorded data, time, lying time, and rumination behavior were measured and analyzed.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing changes in the behavior index of Hanwoo according to the temperature and humidity index. FIG. 6 (A) is a graph showing standings and lying changes according to the temperature and humidity index, and FIG. (Ruminant) number of times.

Changes in positioning for standing and lying are closely related to sweating due to environmental changes. Hanwoo is an animal that excretes sweat through the skin. By acting as an animal, it enlarges the surface area of the skin and makes it easier to regulate sweat secretion. It reduces temperature stress and the reduction of rumination is closely related to feed intake , Meaning that the amount of nutrients in the body is insufficient.

Example  5. Low temperature stress Step-by-step  Guidance on the management of Hanwoo breeding

The cold stress stage of Hanwoo is classified into three stages:

Stage 1 (Stress Threshold) Stress has a temperature and humidity index of 31 to 36,

Stage 2 (mild-moderate) stress has a temperature and humidity index of 26-30,

Stage 3 (moderate-severe stress) has a temperature and humidity index of 15 to 25,

In the guideline of Hanwoo breeding management,

The first stage (stress threshold) stress is a stage in which special specification management is not performed in the Hanwoo;

The two-step (mild-moderate) stress is a step of controlling the proper nutrient requirement by controlling the compounding ratio of the feed to the Hanwoo;

The above three steps (moderate-severe stress) are the steps to control the proper nutrient requirement by controlling the compounding ratio of the feeds and the management of the control of the inner environment in the cattle.

Specifically, Stage 1 (Stress Threshold) stress has a temperature and humidity index of 31 to 36, and there is little change in blood index and behavior index at the temperature and humidity index level, .

Stage 2 (mild-moderate) stress increases the heart rate, which is a necessary change in ruminant body temperature, to 65 and rectal temperature to 39.25 ° C. At this time, the metabolism of glucose and NEFA changes, which is the time point when the low-temperature stress due to the environment starts to take place in the temperature and humidity index (level). It is necessary to manage the specifications so that the nutrient requirement of the ruminant can be satisfied by adjusting the feed ratio.

The third stage (moderate-severe stress) has a temperature and humidity index of 15 to 25, a heart rate of up to 70, and a rectal temperature of 39.5 ° C. In addition, since the feed intake and the number of rumen decreased, it is considered to affect the metabolism system and the rumination activity by the cold. Therefore, by controlling the feed ratio, Instead, it should be equipped with thermal insulation facilities such as a ventilation wall, replacement of sawdust in the floor, and provision of warm negative water.

When the temperature and humidity index falls below 14, it is considered to be a serious stress stage. However, according to the current weather temperature of Korea, the temperature and humidity index does not fall below 14 due to the outside temperature.

Controlling the feed ratio can control the compounding ratio that can satisfy the nutrient requirement of Korean beef according to the cold stress by controlling Crude protein (CP) and Total digestible nutrients (TDN) .

Here, the content of Crude protein (CP) refers to the crude protein content obtained by multiplying the nitrogen content of the feed by the Kjeldahl method and the nitrogen content by 6.25.

It is also a unit of energy content of feed and is calculated by the following formula based on the nature of the digestion test (digestion test) of the feed.

Total plasticising nutrients = plasticizing crude protein,% + plasticizing non-nitrogen,% + plasticizing crude fiber,% + (plasticized crude fat,% x 2.25)

Management to control the temperature in the barrel may be accomplished through one or more of minimizing the effect of wind through the installation of ventilation walls in the barrel, replacing sawdust in the floor, and providing warm water.

Claims (3)

As a Hanwoo specification method for reducing the low temperature stress of Hanwoo,
Classifying the cold stress stage of the Korean beef cattle using the following temperature and humidity index; And
It includes the step of processing Korean beef according to the Hanwoo rearing management guidelines set for the cold stress stages of Hanwoo,
The temperature and humidity index is calculated by the following equation,
Temperature and Humidity Index = 1.8 * Celsius temperature + 32-0.55 (1-relative humidity / 100) * (1.8 ° Celsius temperature -26)
Here, the relative humidity = (water vapor pressure / saturated water vapor pressure) * 100,
The cold stress stage of the Hanwoo cattle is classified into the following three stages,
Stage 1 (Stress Threshold) Stress has a temperature and humidity index of 31 to 36,
Stage 2 (mild-moderate) stress has a temperature and humidity index of 26-30,
Stage 3 (moderate-severe stress) has a temperature and humidity index of 15 to 25,
In the guideline of Hanwoo breeding management,
The first stage (stress threshold) stress is a step in which the specification management according to the low temperature stress is not required to be performed in the Hanwoo;
The two-step (mild-moderate) stress is a step of controlling the control of the nutrient requirement in the Hanwoo by controlling the blending ratio by controlling the blending ratio of the feed;
The above three stages (moderate-severe stress) are the step of controlling the nutrient requirement in the Korean beef cattle by controlling the blending ratio of the feed and controlling the temperature in the beef cattle. The method according to claim 1,
The control of the feed ratio is controlled by adjusting the crude protein (CP) and total digestible nutrients (TDN) contents to reduce the low temperature stress which is the control of the compounding ratio to satisfy the nutrient requirement of the Korean beef cattle Hanwoo specification method. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the management of the temperature in the barn is controlled by reducing the low-temperature stress through at least one of ventilation walls in the barn, replacement of sawdust in the floor, and provision of warm water.

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