KR20170130957A - An Apparatus for Detecting a Wheel and a Bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a wheel and a bearing measurement apparatus. Specifically, by measuring various physical quantities related to driving from wheels and bearings of a railway vehicle, malfunction of the railway vehicle can be prevented from occurring by diagnosing the possibility of malfunction. The wheel and bearing measurement apparatus of a railway vehicle comprises: a 1-detection unit (16) arranged adjacent to a bogie or to a bogie for the measurement of one physical quantity of one part of a vehicle moved along the rail (11); and a 2-detection unit (17) arranged on the rail (11) or outside the vehicle for the measurement of two physical quantities of one part of the vehicle, wherein the 1-detection unit (16) or the 2-detection unit (17) is arranged to be movable in a predetermined path.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for measuring a wheel and a bearing,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wheel and bearing measurement apparatus and more particularly to a wheel and bearing measurement apparatus for measuring a variety of physical quantities related to running from wheels and bearings of a railway vehicle, ≪ / RTI >

Railway vehicles, which are the main means of transport of cargo or passengers, have the advantage of being capable of mass transport while at the same time being highly safe. However, since accidents such as derailment of railway cars can become major accidents, it is necessary to detect the possibility of malfunction of railway vehicles in advance. The railway vehicle is moved by the wheels that contact the rails and the axle that rotates the wheels, and the wheels and axles are the main parts that can determine whether the railway vehicle is malfunctioning. A variety of prior art for the diagnosis of rail vehicles by detecting the operating condition of wheels, axles or other parts is known in the art.

Patent Registration No. 10-0651187 includes a vertical / horizontal vibration acceleration sensor installed at the bottom of a vehicle body on the upper portion of a center pivot of a power car and a subsidiary car to measure vibrations in the left / right / up and down directions of the power car and the auxiliary car; A speed sensor installed in the power train for detecting a running speed; A high frequency filter unit for removing a high frequency of 10 Hz or more included in the vibration signal detected through the vibration acceleration sensor; An amplifier for amplifying a vibration signal in a left / right / up / down direction of a power train and a side difference input through the high frequency filter unit to a predetermined level; A first A / D converter for converting left and right / up and down vibration signals of a power car and a subsidiary aberration inputted as analog signals through the amplifier into digital signals; An F / V converter for converting a speed signal detected in the form of frequency through the speed sensor into a voltage; A second A / D converter for converting a traveling speed of a train of the train, which is inputted as an analog signal through an F / V converter, into a digital signal; And a data processing unit for detecting vibration acceleration along the left / right / up and down directions and processing data over the entire section; And an output section for outputting various data evaluated by the data processing section.

Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0070051 discloses a method and apparatus for measuring the operating state of an electric and electronic control part electrically connected to an electric and electronic control part installed in a railway vehicle to measure the operating state of the electric and electronic control part in real time, An on-board main unit for detecting the running time of the railroad car in real time by detecting the on-board main unit; And a controller for controlling the operation of the electric / electronic control part by receiving various data necessary for maintenance during operation of the railway vehicle from the on-board control part, A risk analysis system for a railway vehicle including a maintenance part is disclosed.

The railway vehicle may be defective from various causes, and the various types of defects may appear different physical characteristics on the wheel or axle. Therefore, in order to detect the occurrence of a malfunction of a railway vehicle, various physical characteristics of a wheel or a vehicle need to be detected and analyzed. However, the prior art has a disadvantage in that it is difficult to precisely diagnose the railway vehicle due to the detection of such factors in a limited range.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art and has the following purpose.

Prior Art 1: Patent Registration No. 10-0651187 (Korea Railroad Research Institute, published on June 29, 2006) Vibration test apparatus and method during operation of an urban railway vehicle Prior Art 2: Patent Publication No. 10-2014-0070051 (Korea Railroad Corporation, published on June 10, 2014) Risk Analysis System for Rail Vehicles

It is an object of the present invention to determine the replacement or diagnosis timing of each component by measuring the physical state of a wheel or axle bearing of a train in the course of movement and comparing the associated data, And to prevent the occurrence of defects in the main parts of the railway vehicle by evaluating the performance of the railway vehicle.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for measuring the wheel and the bearing of a railway vehicle is provided with a detection unit arranged adjacent to a bogie or bogie for the measurement of one physical quantity of one part of the vehicle moved along the rail; And a 2-detection unit disposed outside the rail or the vehicle for measurement of two physical quantities of one part of the vehicle, and the 1-detection unit or 2-detection unit is arranged to be movable along a predetermined path.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the one component is a bearing or a wheel, and the one physical quantity and the two physical quantities become vibration and temperature.

The wheel and bearing measuring apparatus according to the present invention can detect faults in the wheel and axle bearings for each cargo carriage on the ground and make it possible to perform maintenance. The measuring device according to the present invention predicts the occurrence of a defect in a railway vehicle and diagnoses it at a predetermined time, thereby preventing malfunction. Further, the measuring apparatus according to the present invention can measure the physical quantities of different wheel and axle bearings on the same train, analyze the physical quantities of different wheel and axle bearings on the same or similar condition with respect to different vehicles, The precision and the prevention of malfunction are improved.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a measuring device according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows an example of a process of diagnosing a vehicle by the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of each detection unit applied to the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
4 shows an embodiment in which the measuring device according to the present invention is applied.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following description, components having the same reference numerals in different drawings have similar functions, so that they will not be described repeatedly unless necessary for an understanding of the invention, and the known components will be briefly described or omitted. However, It should not be understood as being excluded from the embodiment of Fig.

Figure 1 shows an embodiment of a measuring device according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to Fig. 1, a measuring apparatus for a wheel and a bearing of a railway vehicle includes a detection unit 16 disposed adjacent to a bogie or bogie for measurement of one physical quantity of a part of the vehicle moved along the rail 11; And two detection units (17) arranged outside the rail (11) or the vehicle for the measurement of two physical quantities of one part of the vehicle, wherein the one detection unit (16) or the two detection unit (17) And is arranged to be movable along a predetermined path.

The measuring device according to the present invention is capable of measuring the rotation, vibration, noise, temperature change or similar physical quantity generated in the wheel or the bearing 15 of a railway car, but is not limited to this. It is possible to measure changes in physical quantities generated in various parts or devices. For example, the measuring apparatus according to the present invention includes a detecting means for detecting a stress change occurring in a rail, a deformation of a rail 11 due to a weight or a load applied to the rail 11 by a wheel or a vehicle can do.

The measuring device may comprise a detection unit for detecting changes in the physical quantity or physical quantity of the various parts of the railway car or of the specific position of the rail 11 and may include, for example, a vibration generated in the bearing 15, Noise or temperature changes can be detected. The measuring device can detect the vibration or temperature of the bearing 15 or the wheel during the movement of the railway vehicle. For example, the vehicle can be moved along a rail 11 that is actually made for a measurement rail or a vehicle, which is separately made for measurement. The tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d can be arranged along the rail 11 on the basis of the direction in which the vehicle is moving and the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c, 1 detection unit 16 such as a vibration measurement sensor or an acceleration sensor for measuring vibration of one part can be disposed. A tracking track rotating by a driving device M such as a motor can be disposed in each of the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d. 1 detection unit 16 may be removably coupled to the tracking track electromagnetically and moved in accordance with rotation of the tracking track. The vehicle or the wheel traveling along the rail 11 of the rotational speed of the track track may be similar to the linear moving speed and the one physical quantity such as the vibration generated during the movement of the bearing 15 by the 1 detection unit 16 Lt; / RTI > One detection unit 16 may be disposed in each of the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d, and the vibrations of the different bearings may be measured. The vibration of the bearing 15 disposed on the front wheel is detected by the detection unit 16 of the one tracking unit 12a and the vibration of the bearing 15 placed on the rear wheel by the detection unit 16 of the two tracking unit 12b is detected The vibration of the bearing 15 can be detected.

At least one detection unit 16 may be arranged in each tracking unit 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d and a detection unit 16 arranged in the tracking units 12a, 12b, The physical quantity of the same or different parts of the vehicle can be measured while moving together.

Referring to Figures 1 (B) and 1 (C), one detection unit 16 measures the noise generated in the bearing, in contact with or proximity to the bearing 15 or bearing housing, . 1 detection unit 16 may be releasably coupled to an attachment plate 18 formed in the tracking track and may be separated or coupled, for example, in an electromagnetism manner. It is possible to measure the vibration generated in the bearing 15 for 3 to 10 seconds while the 1 detection unit 16 is moved together with the movement of the vehicle. According to the design structure of the attachment plate 18, a grip for fixing the 1 detection unit 16 can be formed at the engagement position of the 1 detection unit 16 and an elastic means 161 such as a spring is attached to the grip . 1 detection unit 16 can be rotated by the rotation of the engagement shaft 151 of the bearing 15 and the detection unit 16 is coupled to the attachment plate 18 rotating by the operation of the drive unit M, The vibration can be measured while moving along with the linear movement. The attachment plate 18 rotates in the form of an orbit, and when the vibration measurement for one bearing 15 is completed, the detection unit 16 can be rotated and returned to the initial position. In the initial position 1 detection unit 16 may measure the vibrations of the other bearings in the manner described above.

Various types of detection units 16 and 17 can be attached to the attachment plate 18 and two detection units 17 for two physical measurements such as temperature can be attached to detect the temperature of the bearing 15, Can be measured. However, the 2 detection unit 17 may be placed in a position independent of the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d depending on the design structure. For example, the 2 detection unit 17 may be disposed outside the vehicle or outside the rail 11, which can measure two physical quantities of the bearing 15 or the wheel. In this way, when the two detection units 17 are installed independently of the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d, tracking means capable of tracking the predetermined position of the moving vehicle can be disposed. For example, the 2 detection unit 17 may be an infrared temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of the bearing 15 or the wheel. The infrared temperature sensor may be installed independently of the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c, and 12d, and may have a rotation unit for infrared detection in a specific direction or at a specific position. Thus, according to the present invention, the detection units 16, 17 can be arranged to be movable along the tracking units 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, or independently arranged.

Various detection units 16, 17 can measure predetermined physical quantities for vehicle components around the measurement rail 11 in any suitable manner, and the invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

A process of measuring the physical quantity by the detection units 16 and 17 and a method of processing the measured detection information will be described below.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a process of diagnosing a vehicle by the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

2, detection information such as vibration, noise or temperature of the wheel detected by the wheel detection unit 221 can be transmitted to the data processing unit 21. [ Detection information detected by the axle detection unit 222 can also be transmitted to the data processing unit 21 as well. The data processing unit 21 may have wired or wireless communication means for receiving or transmitting data. And the data processing unit 21 can determine the detected wheel or axle based on the detection time of the detection information transmitted from the wheel detection unit 221 or the axle detection unit 222. [ In this way, when the corresponding parts for each piece of detection information are determined by the data processing unit 21, they can be made of the parts data and transmitted to the measurement analysis unit 23. The measurement analysis unit 23 can analyze the parts data for each part to determine whether it is operating normally. The measurement analysis unit 23 can determine whether the component is abnormal by comparing the temperature or noise of the same component placed at different positions, for example. Measurement data for the same part disposed in different vehicles from the cross-contrast database 241 can be provided in the analysis process. At the same time, the measurement data for the same part disposed in the same vehicle can be provided from the continuous contrast database 242. The intersection contrast database 241 and the contour contrast database 242 are all measurement data for the same part but differ in that they are the same part disposed in different vehicles and the same vehicle. The component data thus analyzed based on the information provided from the cross-contrast database 241 and the continuous contrast database 242 can be made of the component analysis data and transmitted to the vehicle diagnosis module. The vehicle diagnostic module 25 can determine from the parts analysis data such as the risk of each vehicle, the diagnostic timing or the repair cycle, and can store the risk of the entire vehicle. Based on this, the vehicle diagnostic module can generate diagnostic data, and based on the diagnostic data, the maintenance period, the physical quantity measurement period, or the time to be replaced with respect to the parts of the vehicle can be determined.

The component data measured by the measuring apparatus of the present invention can be processed in various ways and generated as diagnostic data, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of each detection unit applied to the measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 3, different physical quantities may be measured in a predetermined order as the vehicle moves along the measurement rails described above. For this purpose, a section can be set on the measurement rail, and when the vehicle enters the set section, a predetermined physical quantity can be measured in each section. For example, the measuring rails can be divided into three sections, and a predetermined physical quantity or marking can be detected in each section.

When the vehicle enters the first section of the measurement rail, the vehicle ID can be identified by the vehicle ID detection unit 314. The vehicle ID detection unit 314 may be, for example, an image acquisition unit such as a camera, and may include a processor for extracting and identifying the vehicle ID based on the acquired image. 1, the vehicle speed is detected by the vehicle speed detection unit 311 and compared with a predetermined speed. Or the rotational speed of the tracking unit described above. A weight and stress detection unit 312 for detecting the weight of the rail by a load cell installed on the rail and detecting a stress of the rail by a stress detection sensor such as an optical fiber sensor installed on the rail can be disposed. A temperature measurement unit 313 such as an infrared temperature sensor or a radar temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of each component may be disposed in one section. And the vehicle can be moved to two sections.

A vibration and temperature detection unit 32, which detects the temperature of the vibration and vibration measurement sites of the bearings, the wheel or the axle, respectively, disposed in the axle of the vehicle in the second interval, can be disposed. The vibration or temperature can be measured according to the method described above. Thereafter, the vehicle can be moved to the three sections.

A vibration detection unit 331 for measuring the vibration of a passenger car or a bogie in three sections, a noise measurement unit 332 for measuring noise generated from each component, or an ultrasonic sensor 333 may be disposed. The displacement of the axle or the bearing rotating by the ultrasonic sensor 333 can be measured and a laser displacement sensor can be installed instead of the ultrasonic sensor 333 if necessary.

The information detected by the detection unit installed in each section may be transmitted to a processing module for processing the detection information of each section. By arranging the intervals as described above, different detection units are arranged, and the measurement information detected in each section is processed by the interval processing module, so that the measurement information can be processed quickly. For example, the measurement information detected in the first section may be processed while the vehicle is moved to the second section. And the processing result can be transmitted to the analysis module. Then, the vehicle is moved from the two sections to the three sections, and the two-section detection information is processed by the two-section processing module and transmitted to the analysis module in the process of the measurement performed by the detection unit. The abnormality of the vehicle or the part is analyzed first, and the detection information processed in the three-section processing module is added to generate the vehicle diagnosis data. In this manner, the detection data measured in each section is divided into a plurality of sections and processed by the respective processing section modules, so that diagnosis of parts is performed promptly in the course of vehicle operation, thereby preventing malfunctions.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment to which the measuring apparatus according to the present invention is applied.

Referring to Fig. 4, part diagnosis data for each part can be made based on the detection data measured by the detection unit by the vehicle diagnostic data unit 41. Fig. The part diagnosis data is made into part diagnosis analysis data by the vehicle part diagnosis analysis unit 42 based on the diagnosis level and the risk level for each part provided by the diagnosis table unit 431 and the risk table unit 432 Can be. The diagnosis table unit 431 can provide data on the variation range of the physical quantity according to the service life and the service life for each part. The risk table unit 432 can provide data on the risk according to the change in the physical quantity according to the usage period provided in the diagnosis table unit 431 and the difference between the detected physical quantities or the risk of the detected physical quantity itself.

The diagnosis analysis data may be the basis for determining the future available period and the time when maintenance or diagnosis for the parts should be performed by the vehicle part durability evaluation unit 441 and the vehicle part diagnosis timing unit 442, respectively. When the durability data and the diagnosis timing data are generated by the vehicle part durability evaluation unit 441 and the vehicle component diagnosis timing unit 442, the vehicle durability evaluation unit 441 and the vehicle parts diagnosis timing unit 442 can be transmitted to the vehicle risk determination unit 45 to determine the overall vehicle risk. The risk assessment data is generated based on the determined risk, and can be a basis for determining the driving time, the number of times of operation, or the time of diagnosis. It can also serve as a basis for determining when a part is to be repaired or replaced. As described above, the measuring apparatus according to the present invention can be a criterion for determining the risk of the vehicle, thereby preventing a malfunction occurring during the operation of the railway vehicle.

The wheel and bearing measuring apparatus according to the present invention can detect faults in the wheel and axle bearings for each cargo carriage on the ground and make it possible to perform maintenance. The measuring device according to the present invention predicts the occurrence of a defect in a railway vehicle and diagnoses it at a predetermined time, thereby preventing malfunction. Further, the measuring apparatus according to the present invention can measure the physical quantities of different wheel and axle bearings on the same train, analyze the physical quantities of different wheel and axle bearings on the same or similar condition with respect to different vehicles, The precision and the prevention of malfunction are improved.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention . The invention is not limited by these variations and modifications, but is limited only by the claims appended hereto.

11: rails 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d: tracking unit
14: Bogie 15: Bearing
16: 1 detection unit 17: 2 detection unit
18: attachment plate 21: data processing unit
23: measurement analysis unit 25: vehicle diagnosis module
32: Vibration and temperature detection unit 41: vehicle diagnostic data unit
42: vehicle part diagnostic analysis unit 45: vehicle risk determination unit
151: coupling shaft 161: elastic means
221: Wheel detection unit 222: Axle detection unit
241: Cross-Contrast Database 242: Continuous Contrast Database
311: vehicle speed detection unit 312: weight and stress detection unit
313: Temperature measurement unit 314: Vehicle ID detection unit
331: Vibration detection unit 332: Noise measurement unit
333: Ultrasonic sensor 431: Diagnostic table unit
432: Hazard table unit 441: Vehicle part durability evaluation unit
442: Vehicle component diagnosis timing unit M: Driving device

Claims (2)

A measuring device for a wheel and a bearing of a railway vehicle,
A detection unit (16) arranged adjacent to a bogie or bogie for the measurement of one physical quantity of one part of the vehicle moved along the rail (11); And
(11) for the measurement of two physical quantities of one part of the vehicle or two detection units (17) arranged outside the vehicle,
Wherein the 1-detection unit (16) or the 2-detection unit (17) is arranged to be movable along a predetermined path. The apparatus for measuring a wheel and the bearing of a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the one component is a bearing or a wheel, and the one physical quantity and the two physical quantities become vibration and temperature.

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