KR20170121628A - Electric vehicle charging system and method for charging electric vehicle - Google Patents

Electric vehicle charging system and method for charging electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20170121628A
KR20170121628A KR1020160050363A KR20160050363A KR20170121628A KR 20170121628 A KR20170121628 A KR 20170121628A KR 1020160050363 A KR1020160050363 A KR 1020160050363A KR 20160050363 A KR20160050363 A KR 20160050363A KR 20170121628 A KR20170121628 A KR 20170121628A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
batteries
battery
electric vehicle
charging
set capacity
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KR1020160050363A
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Korean (ko)
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고광수
이윤재
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엘에스산전 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020160050363A priority Critical patent/KR20170121628A/en
Priority to CN201610937513.4A priority patent/CN107303825A/en
Priority to JP2016217301A priority patent/JP2017200417A/en
Priority to US15/361,959 priority patent/US20170305284A1/en
Publication of KR20170121628A publication Critical patent/KR20170121628A/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • B60L11/1864—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
    • B60L11/1811—
    • B60L11/1855—
    • B60L11/1861—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
    • B60L53/53—Batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/68—Off-site monitoring or control, e.g. remote control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/19—Switching between serial connection and parallel connection of battery modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y02T10/7005—
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
    • Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S30/00—Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
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    • Y04S30/12—Remote or cooperative charging

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

An objective of the present invention is to provide a charging system for an electric vehicle which can efficiently charge a plurality of batteries at once. The charging system for an electric vehicle, which charges a plurality of batteries, comprises: a power conversion unit to convert alternating current power supplied from a system into a direct current to supply the direct current to the plurality of batteries or convert a direct current charged in the plurality of batteries into an alternating current to supply the alternating current to the system; a main switch whose one end is connected to the power conversion unit; and a plurality of sub-switches each of which one end is connected to each of the plurality of batteries and the other end is connected to the other end of the main switch in parallel. The plurality of batteries are sequentially charged or discharged up to a first set capacity. When all the batteries reach the first set capacity, the batteries are simultaneously charged to a second set capacity larger than the first set capacity.

Description

전기 자동차의 충전 시스템 및 충전 방법{ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR CHARGING ELECTRIC VEHICLE}FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a charging system for an electric vehicle,

본 발명은 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 특히, 효율적으로 다수의 배터리를 한번에 충전할 수 있는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템 및 충전 방법에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a charging system for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a charging system and a charging method for an electric vehicle capable of efficiently charging a plurality of batteries at a time.

전기 자동차 충전 스테이션(Electric Vehicle Charging System)은 태양광 에너지 및 풍력 에너지 등 신재생 에너지에서 발전된 전력이나 계통의 전력을 배터리에 저장하는 정류소이다. The Electric Vehicle Charging System is a stopping point for storing electric power or system power generated from new and renewable energy such as solar energy and wind energy in a battery.

또한, 전기 자동차 특징에 따라 충전 방식은 직접 충전 방식, 배터리 교체 방식 및 비접촉식 충전 방식으로 나뉘어 진다. In addition, depending on the characteristics of the electric vehicle, the charging method is divided into a direct charging method, a battery replacement method, and a non-contact charging method.

구체적으로, 직접 충전 방식은 완속이나 급속으로 직접 충전하는 방식으로, 충전 시간 동안은 이동에 제약을 받는다.Specifically, the direct charging method is a method of directly charging the battery at a constant speed or at a rapid rate, and is restricted from moving during charging time.

또한, 배터리 교체 방식은 주로 로봇 팔을 이용하여 배터리를 반자동 또는 자동으로 교체하는 방식으로서, 교체 시간이 상대적으로 매우 짧지만, 스테이션 구축 비용과 배터리 교체를 위한 추가적인 구매 비용이 필요하다.In addition, the battery replacement method is a method of replacing the battery semi-automatically or automatically using a robot arm, and the replacement time is relatively short, but the cost of installing the station and the additional purchase cost for battery replacement are required.

또한, 비접촉식 방식은 전자기 유도 현상을 이용해 에너지를 전달받는 집전장치를 이용해 충전하는 방식이다. In addition, the non-contact type charging method uses a current collecting device that receives energy using electromagnetic induction phenomenon.

또한, 전기 자동차는 배터리 고정형과 배터리 교체형이 있으며, 전기 자동차 충전 장치는 완속 충전 방식과 급속 충전 방식이 있다. In addition, the electric vehicle includes a battery fixed type and a battery replacement type, and the electric vehicle charging device has a continuous charging type and a rapid charging type.

구체적으로, 완속 충전 방식은 주택용이나 주차장용 위주로 설치되어 전기 비용이 저렴하고 자동차 운행이 적은 야간에 예비용 배터리 충전이 이뤄지며, 완충까지는 5시간 정도 걸리는 단점이 있다.Specifically, the fast charging system is mainly installed for a residential or parking lot, and has a disadvantage in that it takes about 5 hours to charge the battery because the battery is charged at low cost at low cost and at night when the vehicle is not operated.

또한, 급속 충전 방식은 주유식 충전 방식의 하나로, 전기 자동차 운행으로 인한 배터리 방전 시 고전력으로 단시간(30분) 내에 충전하는 방식이다. In addition, the rapid charging method is a method of charging the battery within a short time (30 minutes) with high power when the battery is discharged due to electric vehicle operation.

도 1은 종래의 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템의 블록도이다.1 is a block diagram of a charging system for a conventional electric vehicle.

도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 종래의 전기 자동차 충전 시스템(10)은, 전력 변환 장치(12) 및 제어부(17)를 포함하며, 계통(11)으로부터 제공되는 전력을 이용하여 배터리(15)를 충전하는 역할을 한다. As shown in the figure, a conventional electric vehicle charging system 10 includes a power conversion device 12 and a control unit 17, and charges the battery 15 using electric power supplied from the system 11 .

여기서, 전력 변환 장치(12)는 계통(11)에서 공급되는 교류 전력을 직류로 변환하여 배터리(15)에 공급하며, 이러한 전력 변환 장치(12)는 제어부(17)에 의해 제어된다.Here, the power converter 12 converts AC power supplied from the system 11 to DC and supplies it to the battery 15, and the power converter 12 is controlled by the controller 17.

또한, 전력 변환 장치(12)에 의한 전력 변환은 주로 IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) 소자를 사용하여 전력을 양방향으로 변환하며 충전기와 배터리의 특성에 따라 충전 및 방전 시간은 달라진다.Also, the power conversion by the power conversion device 12 mainly converts IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) power into bi-directional, and the charging and discharging time is varied depending on characteristics of the charger and the battery.

한편, 이와 같은 종래의 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템(10)은, 하나의 전력 변환 장치(12) 마다 하나의 배터리(15)를 충전시키기 때문에, 하나의 전력 변환 장치(13)를 통해 다수의 배터리(15)를 충전시키기 위해서는 많은 시간이 소모되는 문제점이 발생한다.On the other hand, in such a conventional charging system 10 for an electric vehicle, since one battery 15 is charged for each power conversion device 12, a plurality of batteries (not shown) 15), it takes a lot of time.

또한, 다수의 배터리(15)를 충전시키기 위해 다수의 전력 변환 장치(13)를 구비해야 하기 때문에, 다수의 전력 변환 장치(13)를 충전 스테이션 내에 구비하기 위하여 넓은 공간을 확보해야 하며, 다수의 전력 변환 장치(12)의 설치 비용 및 유지 보수 비용이 증가되는 문제점이 발생한다.Further, since a plurality of power conversion devices 13 must be provided for charging the plurality of batteries 15, it is necessary to secure a large space for providing a plurality of power conversion devices 13 in the charging station, The installation cost and the maintenance cost of the power conversion device 12 increase.

본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 효율적으로 다수의 배터리를 한번에 충전할 수 있는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a charging system for an electric vehicle capable of efficiently charging a plurality of batteries at a time.

이러한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 다수의 배터리를 충전하는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템에 있어서, 계통으로부터 공급된 교류 전력을 직류로 변환하여 다수의 배터리에 공급하거나, 다수의 배터리에 충전된 직류 전력을 교류로 변환하여 계통으로 공급하는 전력 변환부와, 일단이 전력 변환부에 연결되는 메인 스위치와, 일단이 다수의 배터리에 각각 연결되고, 타단이 메인 스위치 타단에 각각 병렬로 연결되는 다수의 서브 스위치를 포함하고, 다수의 배터리는, 각각 제1설정 용량까지 순차로 충전 또는 방전되며, 다수의 배터리 모두가 제1설정 용량이 되면 상기 제1설정 용량 보다 큰 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 충전되는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a charging system for an electric vehicle that charges a plurality of batteries, comprising: an AC power supply for supplying AC power supplied from the system to a plurality of batteries, A main switch having one end connected to the power conversion unit, and a plurality of sub-switches connected in parallel to the other end of the main switch, And a plurality of batteries are sequentially charged or discharged to a first set capacity, and when all of the plurality of batteries reach a first set capacity, the plurality of batteries are simultaneously charged or discharged to a second set capacity larger than the first set capacity, Provides a car charging system.

또한, 다수의 배터리는, 메인 스위치가 턴-온되고, 각 배터리에 연결된 각 서브 스위치가 순차로 턴-온되면, 제1설정 용량까지 순차로 충전 또는 방전된다.In addition, a plurality of batteries are sequentially charged or discharged to the first set capacity when the main switch is turned on and each sub-switch connected to each battery is sequentially turned on.

또한, 메인 스위치는 각 서브 스위치가 턴-온될 때마다 턴-온되고, 다수의 서브 스위치는 어느 하나가 턴-온되면 나머지는 턴-오프된다.Also, the main switch is turned on whenever each sub-switch is turned on, and the other is turned off when one of the sub-switches is turned on.

또한, 다수의 배터리는, 메인 스위치가 턴-온되고, 각 배터리에 연결된 각 서브 스위치가 모두 턴-온되면 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 충전된다.Also, a plurality of batteries are simultaneously charged up to the second set capacity when the main switch is turned on and each sub-switch connected to each battery is turned on.

또한, 다수의 배터리는, 제1설정 용량부터 제2설정 용량까지 급속 충전된 후, 제2설정 용량부터 각 배터리의 최대 충전 용량까지 완속 충전된다.Further, a plurality of batteries are rapidly charged from the first set capacity to the second set capacity, and then charged slowly from the second set capacity to the maximum capacity of each battery.

또한, 다수의 배터리의 개수 및 배터리의 잔존 용량을 포함하는 배터리 상태 정보를 출력하는 배터리 관리부와, 배터리 관리부로부터 배터리 상태 정보를 입력 받아 이를 기초로 전력 변환부, 메인 스위치 및 서브 스위치를 각각 제어하는 제어부를 더 포함한다.The battery management unit receives the battery status information from the battery management unit, and controls the power conversion unit, the main switch, and the sub switch based on the received battery status information. And a control unit.

또한, 다수의 배터리를 충전하는 전기 자동차의 충전 방법에 있어서, 다수의 배터리의 개수 및 각 배터리의 잔존 용량을 포함하는 배터리 상태 정보를 확인하는 단계와, 각 배터리의 잔존 용량이, 제1설정 용량이면 대기 모드로 두고, 제1설정 용량 미만이면 충전 모드를 진행하고, 제1설정 용량 초과이면 방전 모드를 진행하는 단계와, 다수의 배터리 모두가 제1설정 용량이 되면 제1설정 용량 보다 큰 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 급속 충전하는 단계를 포함하는 전기 자동차의 충전 방법을 제공한다.The method of charging an electric vehicle for charging a plurality of batteries includes the steps of: checking battery state information including a number of batteries and a remaining capacity of each battery; The method comprising the steps of: if the first set capacity is less than the first set capacity, proceeding to the charge mode; and if the first set capacity is exceeded, And charging the battery to a set capacity of 2 times at the same time.

또한, 대기 모드, 충전 모드 또는 방전 모드를 진행하는 단계는, 각 배터리 마다 순차로 진행하는 단계이다.In addition, the step of proceeding to the standby mode, the charging mode, or the discharging mode is a step of sequentially proceeding for each battery.

또한, 다수의 배터리 모두가 제2설정 용량이 되면, 다수의 배터리를 각 배터리의 최대 충전 용량까지 완속 충전하는 단계를 더 포함한다.In addition, when all of the plurality of batteries reaches the second set capacity, charging the plurality of batteries to the maximum charging capacity of each battery is further performed.

본 발명은, 하나의 전력 변환부에 다수의 배터리를 병렬로 연결하고, 각 배터리의 충전을 제어함으로써, 효율적으로 다수의 배터리를 한번에 충전할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In the present invention, a plurality of batteries are connected in parallel to one power conversion unit and the charging of each battery is controlled, thereby efficiently charging a plurality of batteries at a time.

또한, 하나의 전력 변환부를 통해 다수의 배터리를 충전시키는 시스템이기 때문에, 충전 스테이션의 공간을 줄일 수 있으며, 전력 변환부의 설치 비용 및 유지 보수 비용을 절감할 수 있는 효과가 있다.In addition, since the system charges a plurality of batteries through one power conversion unit, the space of the charging station can be reduced, and the installation cost and maintenance cost of the power conversion unit can be reduced.

도 1은 종래의 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템의 블록도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템의 블록도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 방법의 순서도이다.1 is a block diagram of a charging system for a conventional electric vehicle.
2 is a block diagram of a charging system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a flowchart of a charging method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

전술한 목적, 특징 및 장점은 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 후술되며, 이에 따라 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 용이하게 실시할 수 있을 것이다. 본 발명을 설명함에 있어서 본 발명과 관련된 공지 기술에 대한 구체적인 설명이 본 발명의 요지를 불필요하게 흐릴 수 있다고 판단되는 경우에는 상세한 설명을 생략한다. 이하, 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명하기로 한다. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention in unnecessary detail. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 2는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템의 블록도이다.2 is a block diagram of a charging system for an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도면에 도시한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템(100)은, 다수의 배터리(150)를 충전하며, 제1전력 변환부(120), 메인 스위치(130) 및 다수의 서브 스위치(140)를 포함한다.As shown in the figure, the charging system 100 for an electric vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention charges a plurality of batteries 150 and includes a first power conversion unit 120, a main switch 130, Switch 140 of FIG.

여기서, 제1전력 변환부(120)는 계통(110)으로부터 공급된 교류 전력을 직류로 변환하여 다수의 배터리(150)에 공급하거나, 다수의 배터리(150)에 충전된 직류 전력을 교류로 변환하여 계통(110)으로 공급한다.The first power conversion unit 120 converts the AC power supplied from the system 110 to DC and supplies the DC power to the plurality of batteries 150 or converts the DC power charged in the plurality of batteries 150 into AC To the system (110).

이와 같은 제1전력 변환부(120)는 예컨대 AC-DC 컨버터로 구현될 수 있으며, 적어도 한 쌍의 IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, 121)를 포함한다.The first power conversion unit 120 may be implemented as an AC-DC converter, for example, and includes at least one pair of insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs) 121.

이 때, 계통(110)으로부터 3상 리액터(115)를 통해 공급되는 교류 전력은 이러한 각각의 IGBT(121) 쌍의 중간 점으로 입력된다.At this time, AC power supplied from the system 110 through the three-phase reactor 115 is input to the midpoint of each pair of IGBTs 121.

한편, 도 2에는 일례로서 계통(110)을 3상으로 도시하고 있으나 다른 일례에서는 단상 전력을 공급할 수도 있다. 이 경우 제1전력 변환부(120)는 한 쌍의 IGBT(121)를 포함하고, 그 한 쌍의 IGBT(121)의 중간점으로 계통(110)으로부터 교류 전력을 공급받는다. 이 때의 제1전력 변환부(120)는 단상 AC-DC 컨버터로 구현될 수 있다. On the other hand, FIG. 2 shows the system 110 as three phases as an example, but it is also possible to supply single phase power in another example. In this case, the first power conversion unit 120 includes a pair of IGBTs 121, and AC power is supplied from the system 110 to the midpoint of the pair of IGBTs 121. The first power converter 120 at this time may be implemented as a single-phase AC-DC converter.

이와 같은 단상 및 3상 전력은 사용자에 의해 임의로 선택될 수 있다.Such single-phase and three-phase power can be arbitrarily selected by the user.

한편, 도면에는 도시하지 않았지만, 제1전력 변환부(120)에 의해 변환된 직류 전력을 각 배터리(150)의 충전에 맞는 직류 전력으로 변환하고, 역으로 각 배터리(150)로부터 공급된 직류 전력을 계통(110)에 맞도록 다른 교류 전력으로 변환하는 기능을 수행하는 제2전력 변환부(미도시)를 더 포함할 수 있다. 이러한 제2전력 변환부(미도시)는 예컨대 DC-DC 컨버터로 구현될 수 있다. Although not shown in the drawings, the DC power converted by the first power conversion unit 120 is converted into DC power suitable for charging the batteries 150, and conversely, the DC power supplied from each battery 150 (Not shown) that performs a function of converting the AC power into another AC power so as to match the system 110. The second power conversion unit (not shown) may be implemented by a DC-DC converter, for example.

또한, 메인 스위치(130)는 일단이 상기 제1전력 변환부(120)에 연결되고, 다수의 서브 스위치(140)는 일단이 상기 다수의 배터리(150)에 각각 연결되고, 타단이 상기 메인 스위치(130) 타단에 각각 병렬로 연결된다.One end of the main switch 130 is connected to the first power conversion unit 120 and the other end of the plurality of sub switches 140 is connected to the plurality of batteries 150, (130).

이 때, 다수의 배터리(150)는 제1 내지 제n(여기서, n은 2이상의 자연수)배터리를 포함하며, 이에 따라 제1 내지 제n배터리와 각각 연결된 다수의 서브 스위치(140)는 제1 내지 제n서브 스위치(S1~Sn)를 포함하게 된다.In this case, the plurality of batteries 150 include first to n-th (where n is a natural number) batteries, and thus a plurality of sub-switches 140 connected to the first to n-th batteries, respectively, Th to n < th > sub-switches S1 to Sn.

또한, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템(100)은 배터리 관리부(160), 제어부(170) 및 초기 충전 회로부(125)를 더 포함한다.The charging system 100 of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a battery management unit 160, a control unit 170, and an initial charging circuit unit 125.

여기서, 배터리 관리부(160)는 다수의 배터리(150)의 개수 및 각 배터리(150)의 잔존 용량(State Of Charge; SOC)을 포함하는 배터리 상태 정보를 파악하여 이를 출력한다.Here, the battery management unit 160 detects battery state information including the number of batteries 150 and the state of charge (SOC) of each battery 150, and outputs the battery state information.

또한, 제어부(170)는 상기 배터리 관리부(160)로부터 배터리 상태 정보를 입력 받아 이를 기초로 상기 제1전력 변환부(120)의 IGBT(121), 메인 스위치(130) 및 서브 스위치(140)를 각각 스위칭 제어한다.The control unit 170 receives the battery status information from the battery management unit 160 and determines the IGBT 121, the main switch 130 and the sub-switch 140 of the first power conversion unit 120 Respectively.

이와 같이, 제어부(170)는 제1전력 변환부(120)의 IGBT(121), 메인 스위치(130) 및 서브 스위치(140)를 각각 스위칭 제어함으로써, 계통(110)으로부터 각 배터리(150)로 충전 전압을 공급하는 충전모드와, 이와 반대방향인 각 배터리(150)로부터 계통(200)으로 방전 전압을 공급하는 방전 모드의 양방향 전력 전송 제어가 가능하도록 한다. The control unit 170 switches the IGBT 121, the main switch 130 and the sub switch 140 of the first power conversion unit 120 from the system 110 to each battery 150 It is possible to perform a bidirectional power transmission control in a charging mode for supplying a charging voltage and a discharging mode for supplying a discharging voltage to the system 200 from each battery 150 in the opposite direction.

이하, 각 배터리(150)의 전력 공급 과정을 상세하게 설명하겠다.Hereinafter, the power supply process of each battery 150 will be described in detail.

먼저, 메인 스위치(130)가 턴-온되고, 각 배터리(150)에 연결된 각 서브 스위치(140)가 순차로 턴-온되면, 각 배터리(150)는 제1설정 용량까지 순차로 충전 또는 방전된다First, when the main switch 130 is turned on and each sub switch 140 connected to each battery 150 is sequentially turned on, each battery 150 is sequentially charged or discharged to the first set capacity, do

이 때, 메인 스위치(130)는 각 서브 스위치(140)가 턴-온될 때마다 턴-온되고, 다수의 서브 스위치(140)는 어느 하나가 턴-온되면 나머지는 턴-오프된다.At this time, the main switch 130 is turned on whenever each sub-switch 140 is turned on, and the remaining sub-switches 140 are turned off when one of the sub-switches 140 is turned on.

전술한 바와 같이, 메인 스위치(130) 및 각 서브 스위치(140)의 턴-온 또는 턴-오프는 제어부(170)에 제어에 의해 이루어진다.As described above, the main switch 130 and each sub-switch 140 are turned on or off by control of the controller 170.

예를 들어, 먼저, 배터리 관리부(160)에 의해 제1배터리의 잔존 용량을 파악하여, 제1배터리의 잔존 용량이 제1설정 용량 미만이면, 배터리 관리부(160)는 제어부(170)에 이에 대한 정보를 출력하고, 제어부(170)는 제1전력 변환부(120)에 충전 신호를 출력함으로써, 계통(110)으로부터 교류 전력을 직류로 변환하여 제1배터리에 공급하여, 제1배터리를 제1설정 용량까지 충전 시킨다.For example, first, the battery management unit 160 determines the remaining capacity of the first battery. If the remaining capacity of the first battery is less than the first preset capacity, the battery management unit 160 instructs the control unit 170 to The control unit 170 outputs the charge signal to the first power conversion unit 120 so that the AC power is converted into the direct current from the system 110 and supplied to the first battery, Charge to the set capacity.

다음, 배터리 관리부(160)에 의해 제2배터리의 잔존 용량을 파악하여, 제2배터리의 잔존 용량이 제1설정 용량 초과이면, 배터리 관리부(160)는 제어부(170)에 이에 대한 정보를 출력하고, 제어부(170)는 제1전력 변환부(120)에 방전 신호를 출력함으로써, 제2배터리로부터 직류 전력을 교류로 변환하여 계통(110)으로 공급하여, 제2배터리를 제1설정 용량까지 방전 시킨다.Next, the battery management unit 160 determines the remaining capacity of the second battery. If the remaining capacity of the second battery exceeds the first preset capacity, the battery management unit 160 outputs information to the controller 170 , The controller 170 outputs a discharging signal to the first power converting unit 120 to convert DC power from the second battery to AC and supplies the AC power to the system 110 to discharge the second battery to the first set capacity .

다음, 배터리 관리부(160)에 의해 제n배터리의 잔존 용량을 파악하여, 제n배터리의 잔존 용량이 제1설정 용량과 동일하면, 배터리 관리부(160)는 제어부(170)에 이에 대한 정보를 출력하고, 제어부(170)는 제1전력 변환부(120)에 충전 및 방전 신호를 출력하지 않음으로써, 제n배터리를 대기 모드로 두어, 제n배터리를 제1설정 용량으로 유지시킨다.If the remaining capacity of the n-th battery is equal to the first set capacity, the battery management unit 160 outputs information about the n-th battery to the controller 170 The control unit 170 does not output the charging and discharging signals to the first power converting unit 120 so that the nth battery is put in the standby mode and the nth battery is maintained at the first setting capacity.

이와 같이, 각 배터리(150)를 모두 제1설정 용량으로 만든 후, 메인 스위치(130)가 턴-온되고, 각 배터리(150)에 연결된 상기 각 서브 스위치(140)가 모두 턴-온됨으로써 모든 배터리(150)가 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 충전된다.After all the batteries 150 have been set to the first set capacity, the main switch 130 is turned on and all the sub-switches 140 connected to the batteries 150 are all turned on, The battery 150 is simultaneously charged up to the second set capacity.

여기서, 제1 및 제2설정 용량은 사용자의 설정에 의해 미리 정해지는데, 예를 들어, 각 배터리(150)의 최대 충전 용량이 600V라면, 제1설정 용량은 400V, 제2설정 용량은 최대 충전 용량의 95% 정도인 570로 설정될 수 있다.For example, if the maximum charge capacity of each battery 150 is 600 V, then the first and second set capacities are 400 V, And may be set to 570, which is about 95% of the capacity.

한편, 일반적으로 배터리의 잔존 용량이 95% 이상인 경우 비교적으로 충방전 성능이 우수하다.On the other hand, when the remaining capacity of the battery is 95% or more, the charge / discharge performance is relatively excellent.

이에 따라, 본 발명의 각 배터리(150)는 제1설정 용량부터 잔존 용량이 95% 이상 즉 제2설정 용량까지 정전류 방식에 따라 급속 충전된 후, 제2설정 용량부터 각 배터리(150)의 최대 충전 용량까지 정전압 방식에 따라 완속 충전된다.Accordingly, each battery 150 of the present invention is rapidly charged from the first set capacity to the second set capacity up to 95% or more, that is, to the second set capacity, The battery is slowly charged to the charge capacity according to the constant voltage method.

이를 통해, 각 배터리(150)를 보다 효율적으로 충전시킬 수 있게 된다.As a result, each battery 150 can be charged more efficiently.

한편, 초기 충전 회로부(125)는 다수의 배터리(150)의 충전 또는 방전 전, 다수의 배터리(150)에 기 충전된 전압을 제1전력 변환부(120)의 커패시터(123)에 저장된 초기 전압과 일치시키는 역할을 수행한다.The initial charging circuit unit 125 converts the voltage charged in the plurality of batteries 150 to an initial voltage stored in the capacitor 123 of the first power conversion unit 120 before charging or discharging the batteries 150. [ And the like.

이와 같이, 다수의 배터리(150)에 기 충전된 전압과 제1전력 변환부(120)의 커패시터(123)에 저장된 초기 전압이 일치됨에 따라, 다수의 배터리(150)와 제1전력 변환부(120) 사이에 충방전이 이루어질 수 있게 된다.As the voltage charged in the plurality of batteries 150 is equal to the initial voltage stored in the capacitor 123 of the first power conversion unit 120, the number of the batteries 150 and the first power conversion unit 120 can be charged and discharged.

이에 따라, 본 발명의 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템(100)은, 하나의 전력 변환 장치(도 1의 12) 마다 하나의 배터리(도 1의 15)를 충전시키는 종래의 충전 시스템(도 1의 10)과 달리, 하나의 전력 변환부(120)에 다수의 배터리(150)를 병렬로 연결하고, 각 배터리(150)의 충전을 제어함으로써, 효율적으로 다수의 배터리(150)를 한번에 충전할 수 있게 된다.Accordingly, the charging system 100 of the electric vehicle of the present invention can be applied to a conventional charging system (10 in Fig. 1) for charging one battery (15 in Fig. 1) for each power conversion apparatus (12 in Fig. 1) A plurality of batteries 150 can be efficiently charged at one time by connecting a plurality of batteries 150 in parallel to one power conversion unit 120 and controlling the charging of each battery 150 .

또한, 하나의 전력 변환부(120)를 통해 다수의 배터리(150)를 충전시키는 시스템이기 때문에, 충전 스테이션의 공간을 줄일 수 있으며, 전력 변환부(120)의 설치 비용 및 유지 보수 비용을 절감할 수 있게 된다.In addition, since the present invention is a system for charging a plurality of batteries 150 through one power conversion unit 120, it is possible to reduce the space of the charging station and reduce the installation cost and maintenance cost of the power conversion unit 120 .

도 3은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 방법의 순서도이다.3 is a flowchart of a charging method of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

이하, 도 2 및 도 3을 참조하여, 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 방법을 설명하겠다.Hereinafter, a method of charging an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG.

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 전기 자동차의 충전 방법은, 다수의 배터리(150)의 개수 및 각 배터리(150)의 잔존 용량을 포함하는 배터리 상태 정보를 확인하는 단계와, 대기 모드, 충전 모드 또는 방전 모드를 진행하는 단계와, 다수의 배터리(150) 모두가 제1설정 용량이 되면 제1설정 용량 보다 큰 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 급속 충전하는 단계를 포함한다.The method of charging an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the steps of checking battery status information including the number of batteries 150 and the remaining capacity of each battery 150, And rapidly charging the battery 150 to a second set capacity larger than the first set capacity when all of the batteries 150 reach the first set capacity.

여기서, 대기 모드, 충전 모드 또는 방전 모드를 진행하는 단계는, 각 배터리(150)의 잔존 용량이 제1설정 용량이면 대기 모드로 두고 제1설정 용량 미만이면 충전 모드를 진행하고, 제1설정 용량 초과이면 방전 모드를 진행한다.Here, the step of proceeding to the standby mode, the charge mode, or the discharge mode may be a standby mode if the remaining capacity of each battery 150 is the first set capacity, and proceed to the charge mode if the remaining capacity is less than the first set capacity, If it is exceeded, proceed to the discharge mode.

또한, 대기 모드, 충전 모드 또는 방전 모드를 진행하는 단계는, 각 배터리(150) 마다 순차로 진행하는 단계이다.In addition, the step of proceeding to the standby mode, the charging mode, or the discharging mode is a step progressing for each battery 150 sequentially.

한편, 일반적으로 배터리의 잔존 용량이 95% 이상인 경우 비교적으로 충방전 성능이 우수하다.On the other hand, when the remaining capacity of the battery is 95% or more, the charge / discharge performance is relatively excellent.

이에, 본 발명은 다수의 배터리(150) 모두가 제2설정 용량이 되면, 다수의 배터리(150)를 각 배터리(150)의 최대 충전 용량까지 완속 충전하는 단계를 더 포함한다.The method further includes charging the plurality of batteries 150 to a maximum charge capacity of each battery 150 when all of the plurality of batteries 150 reach the second set capacity.

즉, 각 배터리(150)는 제1설정 용량부터 잔존 용량이 95% 이상 즉 제2설정 용량까지 급속 충전된 후, 제2설정 용량부터 각 배터리(150)의 최대 충전 용량까지 완속 충전된다.That is, each battery 150 is rapidly charged from the first set capacity up to 95% or more, that is, to the second set capacity, and then charged slowly from the second set capacity to the maximum charge capacity of each battery 150.

이를 통해, 각 배터리(150)를 보다 효율적으로 충전시킬 수 있게 된다.As a result, each battery 150 can be charged more efficiently.

구체적으로, 도 3에 도시한 바와 같이, 먼저 배터리 관리부(Battery Management System; BMS, 160)에 의해 제1배터리(Battery Pack1)의 상태 정보 특히, 제1배터리의 잔존 용량(State Of Charge; SOC) 정보를 파악한다.3, the state information of the first battery (Battery Pack 1), in particular, the state of charge (SOC) of the first battery, is stored in the battery management system (BMS) Identify information.

다음, 제1배터리의 잔존 용량(V)이 제1설정 전압 예를 들면 400V이면 대기 상태로 두고, 제1배터리의 잔존 용량(V)이 제1설정 전압 예를 들면 400V 미만이면 전력 변환부(Power Conversion System; PCS, 120)를 제어하여 제1배터리가 제1설정 용량이 되도록 충전한 후 대기 상태로 두고, 제1배터리의 잔존 용량(V)이 제1설정 전압 예를 들면 400V 초과이면 전력 변환부(120)를 제어하여 제1배터리가 제1설정 용량이 되도록 방전한 후 대기 상태로 둔다.Next, when the remaining capacity V of the first battery is in the standby state when the remaining capacity V of the first battery is the first set voltage, for example, 400 V, and when the remaining capacity V of the first battery is less than the first set voltage, The first battery is charged to a first set capacity by controlling the power conversion system (PCS) 120 and then put in a standby state. When the remaining capacity V of the first battery is higher than a first set voltage, for example, 400 V, And controls the converter 120 to discharge the first battery to the first set capacity and then to put the battery in the standby state.

다음, 배터리 관리부(160)에 의해 제2배터리(Battery Pack2)의 상태 정보 특히, 제2배터리의 잔존 용량 정보를 파악한다.Next, the battery management unit 160 determines the status information of the second battery (Battery Pack 2), particularly the remaining capacity information of the second battery.

다음, 제2배터리의 잔존 용량(V)이 제1설정 전압 예를 들면 400V이면 대기 상태로 두고, 제2배터리의 잔존 용량(V)이 제1설정 전압 예를 들면 400V 미만이면 전력 변환부(120)를 제어하여 제2배터리가 제1설정 용량이 되도록 충전한 후 대기 상태로 두고, 제2배터리의 잔존 용량(V)이 제1설정 전압 예를 들면 400V 초과이면 전력 변환부(120)를 제어하여 제2배터리가 제1설정 용량이 되도록 방전한 후 대기 상태로 둔다.Next, if the remaining capacity V of the second battery is in a standby state when the remaining capacity V of the second battery is a first set voltage, for example, 400V, if the remaining capacity V of the second battery is less than the first set voltage, 120 to charge the second battery to the first set capacity and to put the battery in the standby state. If the remaining capacity V of the second battery is higher than the first set voltage, for example, 400 V, the power converter 120 So that the second battery is discharged to the first set capacity and then put in the standby state.

다음, 제n배터리(Battery Pack(n))까지 위와 동일한 과정을 거쳐, 제1 내지 제n배터리 모두(All Battery Pack)를 제1설정 용량이 되도록 한다.Next, the first to nth batteries (All Battery Pack) are set to the first set capacity through the same process as above until the nth battery (Battery Pack (n)).

다음, 전력 변환부(120)를 제어하여 제1 내지 제n배터리 모두(All Battery Pack)가 제2설정 용량 예를 들면, 580V가 되도록 정전류 방식에 따라 급속 충전한다.Next, the power conversion unit 120 is controlled to rapidly charge the first to nth batteries (All Battery Pack) according to a constant current method such that the second set capacity is, for example, 580V.

다음, 전력 변환부(120)를 제어하여 제1 내지 제n배터리 모두(All Battery Pack)를 각 배터리의 최대 충전 용량까지 정전압 방식에 따라 완속 충전한다.Next, the power conversion unit 120 is controlled to slowly charge all the first to nth batteries (All Battery Pack) up to the maximum charge capacity of each battery according to the constant voltage method.

이에 따라, 본 발명의 전기 자동차의 충전 방법은, 하나의 전력 변환부(120)에 다수의 배터리(150)를 병렬로 연결하고, 각 배터리(150)의 충전을 제어함으로써, 효율적으로 다수의 배터리(150)를 한번에 충전할 수 있게 된다.Accordingly, the charging method of the electric vehicle of the present invention is a charging method of an electric vehicle, in which a plurality of batteries 150 are connected in parallel to one power conversion unit 120 and the charging of each battery 150 is controlled, (150) can be charged at one time.

또한, 하나의 전력 변환부(120)를 통해 다수의 배터리(150)를 충전시키는 시스템이기 때문에, 충전 스테이션의 공간을 줄일 수 있으며, 전력 변환부(120)의 설치 비용 및 유지 보수 비용을 절감할 수 있게 된다.In addition, since the present invention is a system for charging a plurality of batteries 150 through one power conversion unit 120, it is possible to reduce the space of the charging station and reduce the installation cost and maintenance cost of the power conversion unit 120 .

전술한 본 발명은, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 있어 본 발명의 기술적 사상을 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 여러 가지 치환, 변형 및 변경이 가능하므로 전술한 실시예 및 첨부된 도면에 의해 한정되는 것이 아니다.While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, But the present invention is not limited thereto.

110 : 계통
120 : 전력 변환부
130 : 메인 스위치
140 : 서브 스위치
150 : 배터리110: System
120: Power conversion section
130: Main switch
140: Sub-
150: Battery

Claims (6)

다수의 배터리를 충전하는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템에 있어서,
계통으로부터 공급된 교류 전력을 직류로 변환하여 상기 다수의 배터리에 공급하거나, 상기 다수의 배터리에 충전된 직류 전력을 교류로 변환하여 상기 계통으로 공급하는 전력 변환부;
일단이 상기 전력 변환부에 연결되는 메인 스위치; 및
일단이 상기 다수의 배터리에 각각 연결되고, 타단이 상기 메인 스위치 타단에 각각 병렬로 연결되는 다수의 서브 스위치를 포함하고,
상기 다수의 배터리는,
각각 제1설정 용량까지 순차로 충전 또는 방전되며, 상기 다수의 배터리 모두가 상기 제1설정 용량이 되면 상기 제1설정 용량 보다 큰 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 충전되는
전기 자동차의 충전 시스템.
1. A charging system for an electric vehicle charging a plurality of batteries,
A power conversion unit for converting AC power supplied from the system into DC and supplying the DC power to the batteries, converting the DC power charged in the plurality of batteries into AC, and supplying the DC power to the system;
A main switch, one end of which is connected to the power conversion unit; And
And a plurality of sub switches each having one end connected to the plurality of batteries and the other end connected in parallel to the other end of the main switch,
The plurality of batteries include:
And the plurality of batteries are simultaneously charged up to a second set capacity larger than the first set capacity when all of the plurality of batteries reach the first set capacity
Electric vehicle charging system.
제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 배터리는,
상기 메인 스위치가 턴-온되고, 상기 각 배터리에 연결된 상기 각 서브 스위치가 순차로 턴-온되면, 상기 제1설정 용량까지 순차로 충전 또는 방전되는
전기 자동차의 충전 시스템.
The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of batteries include:
When the main switch is turned on and each of the sub-switches connected to the respective batteries is sequentially turned on, the main switch is sequentially charged or discharged to the first set capacity
Electric vehicle charging system.
제 2 항에 있어서,
상기 메인 스위치는 상기 각 서브 스위치가 턴-온될 때마다 턴-온되고,
상기 다수의 서브 스위치는 어느 하나가 턴-온되면 나머지는 턴-오프되는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템.
3. The method of claim 2,
The main switch is turned on each time the sub-switches are turned on,
Wherein the plurality of sub-switches are turned off when the one of the plurality of sub-switches is turned on.
제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 배터리는,
상기 메인 스위치가 턴-온되고, 상기 각 배터리에 연결된 상기 각 서브 스위치가 모두 턴-온되면 상기 제2설정 용량까지 동시에 충전되는
전기 자동차의 충전 시스템.
The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of batteries include:
When the main switch is turned on and all the sub-switches connected to the respective batteries are turned on, the main switch is simultaneously charged up to the second set capacity
Electric vehicle charging system.
제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 배터리는,
상기 제1설정 용량부터 상기 제2설정 용량까지 급속 충전된 후, 상기 제2설정 용량부터 상기 각 배터리의 최대 충전 용량까지 완속 충전되는
전기 자동차의 충전 시스템.
The method according to claim 1,
The plurality of batteries include:
After the battery is rapidly charged from the first set capacity to the second set capacity, the battery is charged slowly from the second set capacity to the maximum charge capacity of each battery
Electric vehicle charging system.
제 1 항에 있어서,
상기 다수의 배터리의 개수 및 상기 각 배터리의 잔존 용량을 포함하는 배터리 상태 정보를 출력하는 배터리 관리부; 및
상기 배터리 관리부로부터 상기 배터리 상태 정보를 입력 받아 이를 기초로 상기 전력 변환부, 메인 스위치 및 서브 스위치를 각각 제어하는 제어부
를 더 포함하는 전기 자동차의 충전 시스템.








The method according to claim 1,
A battery management unit for outputting battery status information including the number of the plurality of batteries and the remaining capacity of each battery; And
A control unit for receiving the battery status information from the battery management unit and controlling the power conversion unit, the main switch,
And a charging system for charging the electric vehicle.








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