CN109245210B - Auxiliary power supply method for vehicle-mounted charger and DCDC function integration device - Google Patents
Auxiliary power supply method for vehicle-mounted charger and DCDC function integration device Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses an auxiliary power supply method of a vehicle-mounted charger and a DCDC function integration device, which comprises an alternating current input side, a high-voltage battery output side and a low-voltage output side, wherein a battery detection circuit detects the voltage of a single battery in a high-voltage battery pack, and a controller controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the detected voltage of the single battery; in the large-current charging mode and the small-current charging mode, electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage battery output side; in the DCDC discharge mode, the electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low voltage; according to the invention, under the condition that an auxiliary power supply circuit is not additionally arranged, the auxiliary power supply function after the charging of the traditional discrete OBC is completed is realized on the function integration device of the OBC and the DCDC through a specific software algorithm, so that the size and the cost of the function integration device are reduced, and the requirement of a vehicle enterprise on auxiliary power supply of the device is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to charging equipment, in particular to a method for providing auxiliary power supply for a vehicle-mounted charger (OBC) and a direct current-to-direct current (DCDC) function integrated device of a new energy electric vehicle.
Background
The energy crisis and environmental pollution have become more serious worldwide, and the whole traditional automobile industry and the world objective environment face serious challenges. With the enhancement of public environmental awareness, advocating green travel and changing travel structures are the most prominent ones. With the development of new energy vehicles by governments of developed countries, the governments of China also publish corresponding development plans of new energy vehicles, and the new energy vehicles are listed in seven emerging strategic industries. The new energy vehicles are the most popular electric vehicles at present, and include Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV) and pure Electric Vehicles (EV). HEVs do not require external charging and are not within the scope of the discussion herein, and this patent is primarily directed to PHEVs and EVs. For PHEVs and EVs, various large vehicle enterprises at home and abroad are prepared for fighting, and the investment is increased in the technical aspects of new energy, light weight, electronization, intellectualization and the like.
The OBC (on-board charger) and DCDC function integrated device that this patent related to is met the lightweight background of new energy car and is produced promptly, and OBC and DCDC mainly have 2 existing modes in the new energy car at present, and one kind is that OBC and DCDC are 2 spare parts that separate completely, and another kind is that OBC and DCDC install together and share a set of shell, and we call as the physical integration mode. The 2 modes are large in weight and volume, and are not beneficial to light weight of the new energy vehicle and maximum utilization of the whole vehicle space. Therefore, recently, the industry has advocated the development of a function integration device, i.e. the function of the OBC and the DCDC is built on the same circuit board, and the OBC and the DCDC share a set of control circuit, and the function of the separated OBC and DCDC is realized by optimizing a software algorithm, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the whole device.
The OBC has a special working state in the working mode, after charging is completed, some ECUs (electronic control units) need to maintain working before a vehicle owner pulls out a gun, if LED lamps are arranged at vehicle end charging ports of some vehicles and are controlled by BMS or VCU, red lamps need to be lightened in the charging process, green lamps need to be lightened after charging is completed, the red lamps can be powered by DCDC in the charging process, the green lamps can not be powered by the DCDC after charging is lightened, the DCDC power supply source is a high-voltage battery, the OBC can always supplement power for the high-voltage battery in the charging process, the OBC stops working after charging is completed, and if the high-voltage battery is used for power supply for a long time, the high-voltage battery is powered down.
The existing solution of the split OBC and the DCDC is that an auxiliary 14V power supply is added on the OBC, after the OBC stops charging the high-voltage battery, the OBC can control the 14V output of an auxiliary circuit, the 14V is converted from input alternating current power, so that the power supply problem of other ECUs after charging is solved, and the high-voltage battery cannot be powered down. In order to reduce the size as much as possible on the function integration device, the circuit of the auxiliary circuit 14V is removed, and the auxiliary power supply function after charging is finished cannot be provided according to the conventional practice at present. In addition, in the industry, the function integration device can not realize direct conversion from input alternating current power supply to LV (low-voltage small battery side) 14V output under the condition that HV (high-voltage battery side) does not output power.
Therefore, under the condition that an auxiliary power supply circuit is not additionally arranged, the power supply requirement of the whole vehicle on an auxiliary source in a full-charge stage is met, and simultaneously, the power failure of a high-voltage battery and the power failure of a small battery of the whole vehicle are not caused, so that the technical problem to be solved in the industry is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides an auxiliary power supply method which can meet the power supply requirement of a finished automobile on an auxiliary source in a full-charge stage without additionally increasing an auxiliary power supply circuit and simultaneously does not cause the power failure of a high-voltage battery and the power failure of a small battery of the finished automobile.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is to design an auxiliary power supply method of a vehicle-mounted charger and a DCDC function integration device, which is provided with an alternating current input side, a high-voltage battery output side and a low-voltage output side and comprises the following steps: the battery detection circuit detects the voltage of a single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and the controller controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the detected voltage of the single battery; in the large-current charging mode and the small-current charging mode, electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage battery output side; in the DCDC discharge mode, electric energy flows from the high-voltage battery output side to the low-voltage output side.
The controller compares the voltage of the single battery with a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C, and controls whether the charger enters a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to a comparison result.
In one embodiment, the auxiliary power supply method includes the steps of:
step S1: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a high-voltage threshold value A, turning to a step S2; if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the high-voltage threshold value A, the step S3 is carried out;
step S2: entering a large-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S1 when electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for large-current charging;
step S3: entering a low-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S4 when the electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for low-current charging;
step S4: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a saturation threshold value B, turning to the step S3; if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the saturation threshold value B, the step S5 is carried out;
step S5: stopping charging to enter a DCDC discharging mode, wherein electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low-voltage battery, and circularly operating the step S6;
step S6: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is higher than a low-voltage threshold value C, turning to a step S5; if the voltage of the unit cell is lower than the low voltage threshold value C, the process proceeds to step S2.
In another embodiment, the auxiliary power supply method includes the steps of:
step S1: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a high-voltage threshold value A, turning to a step S2; if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the high-voltage threshold value A, the step S2a is carried out;
step S2: entering a large-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S1 when electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for large-current charging;
step S2 a: detecting the weight of the load connected with the low-voltage output side, and if the load is light, turning to the step S3; if the load is a heavy load, then go to step S5;
step S3: entering a low-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S4 when the electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for low-current charging;
step S4: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a saturation threshold value B, turning to the step S3; if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the saturation threshold value B, the step S5 is carried out;
step S5: stopping charging to enter a DCDC discharging mode, wherein electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low-voltage battery, and circularly operating the step S6;
step S6: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is higher than a low-voltage threshold value C, turning to a step S5; if the voltage of the unit cell is lower than the low voltage threshold value C, the process proceeds to step S2.
In step S2a, an output current on the low-voltage output side is detected, and the load whose output current exceeds a current threshold is a heavy load and the load whose output current is lower than the current threshold is a light load.
The output voltage at the low voltage output side is 14 volts.
The battery detection circuit is a battery pack management circuit BMS which detects the single batteries in the high-voltage battery pack, releases the voltage of the single batteries to a whole vehicle CAN bus and then provides the voltage for the controller through the whole vehicle CAN bus.
In one embodiment, the battery pack management circuit BMS stores the saturation threshold B, the high voltage threshold a and the low voltage threshold C internally and releases these thresholds to the vehicle CAN bus, which is then provided to the controller via the vehicle CAN bus.
In another embodiment, the battery pack management circuit BMS recognizes the model number of the battery pack and transmits the model number of the battery pack to the controller; the controller stores a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C of each type of battery pack, and can call the corresponding saturation threshold B, high-voltage threshold A and low-voltage threshold C according to the type of the battery pack.
Compared with the prior art, the auxiliary power supply function after the charging of the traditional discrete OBC is completed is realized on the function integrated device of the OBC and the DCDC through a specific software algorithm under the condition that an auxiliary power supply circuit is not additionally arranged, the size and the cost of the function integrated device are reduced, and the requirement of a vehicle enterprise on auxiliary power supply of the device is met. The invention is mainly applied to vehicle-mounted charging of a pure electric vehicle or a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a working interval of a charger;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of current flow during a high current charging mode;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of current flow during a low current charging mode;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of current flow in a DCDC discharge mode;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working steps of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the working steps of the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The design idea of the invention is that under the condition of removing the auxiliary low-voltage circuit, the auxiliary circuit power supply function after charging is realized through a software algorithm, and the high-voltage and low-voltage battery power failure can not be caused.
The invention discloses an auxiliary power supply method of a vehicle-mounted charger and a DCDC function integration device, which has an alternating current input side, a high-voltage battery output side and a low-voltage output side with reference to figures 2 to 4. The auxiliary power supply method comprises the following steps: the battery detection circuit detects the voltage of a single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and the controller controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the detected voltage of the single battery; in the large-current charging mode and the small-current charging mode, electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage battery output side; in the DCDC discharge mode, electric energy flows from the high-voltage battery output side to the low-voltage output side.
The controller compares the voltage of the single battery with a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C, and controls whether the charger enters a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to a comparison result. The implementation of the invention needs to be realized by virtue of the charging characteristic of a high-voltage battery pack battery, the high-voltage battery used by the new energy vehicle is formed by connecting a plurality of small batteries in series and in parallel, when the voltage of a single battery is charged to a high-voltage threshold A, the battery can be considered to be fully charged, a battery pack management circuit BMS or VCU can convert a charging port lamp into a green lamp, the battery can be recharged, but the battery is charged to a saturation threshold B of the battery, the battery cannot be recharged after reaching a saturation point, and the output relay can be cut off when the battery is charged upwards, so that the battery overcharge accident can be avoided. The high voltage threshold a and saturation threshold B mentioned here are usually stated in the index of the battery pack, and the two points are different for different battery packs, and are usually known by the BMS because the BMS needs to make charging and protection strategies by these parameters.
Referring to the schematic diagram of the working interval of the charger shown in fig. 1, the vertical axis is the battery voltage, the horizontal axis represents the charging time, the whole charging process can be divided into three regions, arrows in fig. 2 to 4 represent the current direction and magnitude, and the thicker the current is, the larger the current is: region I: the battery voltage does not reach the point A of the high-voltage threshold value, the battery is not fully charged, the function integration device is in a large-current charging mode at the moment, the working mode is as shown in figure 2, the HV output power is large, and the LV output power requirement can be normally met; and (3) region II: the battery voltage reaches a high-voltage threshold a point, and does not reach a saturation threshold B point, the high-voltage battery is fully charged at this time, in order to meet the requirement that the LV can output power, the function integration apparatus still needs to be in the charging mode at this time, but in order to avoid that the high-voltage battery is too quickly charged and is more fully charged under the condition of being fully charged, the function integration apparatus enters the low-current charging mode, the HV can only output a small current at this time, as shown in fig. 3, the operation mode is unchanged relative to fig. 2, and the charging current needs to. And (3) region III: when the battery voltage reaches the saturation threshold value B, the high-voltage battery is fully charged at the moment, the HV can not charge the high-voltage battery any more, otherwise, the high-voltage battery is overcharged, in order to meet the requirement that the LV can output power, the function integration device works in a DCDC discharging mode at the moment, as shown in fig. 4, the HV supplies power to the LV from the HV, and the HV voltage gradually drops until the HV voltage drops to the low-voltage threshold value C, and the charging mode is entered again.
Referring to the schematic operation steps of the basic embodiment shown in fig. 5, the auxiliary power supply method includes the following steps:
step S1: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a high-voltage threshold A (indicating that the battery is not fully charged), turning to step S2 (carrying out large-current charging); if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the high-voltage threshold value A, the step S3 is carried out (the low-current charging is carried out);
step S2: entering a large-current charging mode, enabling electric energy to flow from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for large-current charging, and circularly operating the step S1 (circularly detecting the voltage of the single battery);
step S3: entering a low-current charging mode, and performing low-current charging when electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side, and circularly operating the step S4 (circularly detecting the voltage of the single battery);
step S4: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a saturation threshold B (indicating that the battery is not saturated), turning to step S3 (carrying out low-current charging); if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the saturation threshold value B (indicating that the battery is saturated), the operation goes to step S5;
step S5: stopping charging to enter a DCDC discharging mode, wherein electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low-voltage battery, and circularly operating the step S6;
step S6: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is higher than a low-voltage threshold value C, turning to a step S5; if the voltage of the cell is lower than the low-voltage threshold C (the high-voltage battery is short), the routine proceeds to step S2 (charging is performed).
Through the repeated charge and discharge strategy, the high-voltage battery pack is not powered off after being fully charged, and the power supply requirement of the auxiliary circuit 14V is met.
Referring to the schematic operation steps of the preferred embodiment shown in fig. 6, the auxiliary power supply method includes the following steps:
step S1: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a high-voltage threshold A (indicating that the battery is not fully charged), turning to step S2 (carrying out large-current charging); if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the high-voltage threshold value A (indicating that the battery is fully charged), the step S2a is carried out;
step S2: entering a large-current charging mode, enabling electric energy to flow from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for large-current charging, and circularly operating the step S1 (circularly detecting the voltage of the single battery);
step S2 a: detecting the weight of a load connected with the low-voltage output side, and if the load is a light load and the low-current charging mode can meet the power requirement of the low-voltage output side, turning to step S3; if the load is a heavy load and the low-current charging mode cannot meet the power demand of the low-voltage output side, the process proceeds to step S5 (a high-voltage battery is used to supply power to the low-voltage side load);
step S3: entering a low-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S4 when the electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for low-current charging;
step S4: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a saturation threshold B (indicating that the battery is not saturated), turning to step S3 (carrying out low-current charging); if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the saturation threshold value B (indicating that the battery is saturated), the operation goes to step S5;
step S5: stopping charging to enter a DCDC discharging mode, wherein electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low-voltage battery, and circularly operating the step S6;
step S6: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is higher than a low-voltage threshold value C, turning to a step S5; if the voltage of the cell is lower than the low-voltage threshold C (the high-voltage battery is short), the routine proceeds to step S2 (charging is performed).
In step S2a, an output current on the low-voltage output side is detected, and the load whose output current exceeds a current threshold is a heavy load and the load whose output current is lower than the current threshold is a light load.
The output voltage at the low voltage output side is 14 volts.
Different types or manufacturers of battery packs have different numbers, and the specific numbers of the saturation threshold B, the high-voltage threshold A and the low-voltage threshold C are different.
The battery detection circuit is a battery pack management circuit BMS which detects the single batteries in the high-voltage battery pack, releases the voltage of the single batteries to a whole vehicle CAN bus and then provides the voltage for the controller through the whole vehicle CAN bus. And the controller controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the detected voltage of the single battery.
In one embodiment, the battery pack management circuit BMS stores the saturation threshold B, the high voltage threshold a and the low voltage threshold C internally and releases these thresholds to the vehicle CAN bus, which is then provided to the controller via the vehicle CAN bus. And the controller compares the voltage of the single battery with a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C, and controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the comparison result.
In another embodiment, the battery pack management circuit BMS recognizes the model number of the battery pack and transmits the model number of the battery pack to the controller; the controller stores a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C of each type of battery pack, and can call the corresponding saturation threshold B, high-voltage threshold A and low-voltage threshold C according to the type of the battery pack. And the controller compares the voltage of the single battery with a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C, and controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the comparison result.
Through the repeated charge and discharge strategy, the high-voltage battery pack is not powered off after being fully charged, and the power supply requirement of the auxiliary circuit 14V is met.
The foregoing examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. Any equivalent modifications or variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application should be included in the claims of the present application.
Claims (7)
1. An auxiliary power supply method of a vehicle-mounted charger and a DCDC function integration device is provided with an alternating current input side, a high-voltage battery output side and a low-voltage output side, and is characterized by comprising the following steps: the battery detection circuit detects the voltage of a single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and the controller controls the charger to enter a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to the detected voltage of the single battery; in the large-current charging mode and the small-current charging mode, electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage battery output side; in the DCDC discharge mode, the electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low voltage;
presetting a high-voltage threshold, a medium-voltage threshold and a low-voltage threshold, comparing the voltage of the single battery with a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C by the controller, and controlling whether the charger enters a large-current charging mode, a small-current charging mode or a DCDC discharging mode according to a comparison result;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S1: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a high-voltage threshold value A, turning to a step S2; if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the high-voltage threshold value A, the step S3 is carried out;
step S2: entering a large-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S1 when electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for large-current charging;
step S3: entering a low-current charging mode, and circularly operating the step S4 when the electric energy flows from the alternating current input side to the high-voltage battery output side and the low-voltage output side for low-current charging;
step S4: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is lower than a saturation threshold value B, turning to the step S3; if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the saturation threshold value B, the step S5 is carried out;
step S5: stopping charging to enter a DCDC discharging mode, wherein electric energy flows from the output side of the high-voltage battery to the output side of the low-voltage battery, and circularly operating the step S6;
step S6: detecting the voltage of the single battery in the high-voltage battery pack, and if the voltage of the single battery is higher than a low-voltage threshold value C, turning to a step S5; if the voltage of the unit cell is lower than the low voltage threshold value C, the process proceeds to step S2.
2. An auxiliary power supply method according to claim 1,
in the step S1, if the voltage of the single battery is higher than the high voltage threshold a, the process proceeds to a step S2 a;
in the step S2a, the load connected to the low voltage output side is detected to be light and heavy, and if the load is light, the process proceeds to step S3; if the load is a heavy load, the process proceeds to step S5.
3. An auxiliary power supply method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in step S2a, an output current on the low-voltage output side is detected, and the load whose output current exceeds the current threshold is a heavy load and the load whose output current is lower than the current threshold is a light load.
4. An auxiliary power supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the output voltage at the low voltage output side is 14 volts.
5. An auxiliary power supply method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery detection circuit is a battery pack management circuit BMS which detects the single batteries in the high-voltage battery pack, releases the voltage of the single batteries to a whole vehicle CAN bus and then provides the voltage for the controller through the whole vehicle CAN bus.
6. An auxiliary power supply method according to claim 5, characterized in that: and the battery pack management circuit BMS internally stores the saturation threshold B, the high-voltage threshold A and the low-voltage threshold C, releases the thresholds to a whole vehicle CAN bus, and then provides the thresholds to the controller through the whole vehicle CAN bus.
7. An auxiliary power supply method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the battery pack management circuit BMS identifies the type of the battery pack and sends the type of the battery pack to the controller; the controller stores a saturation threshold B, a high-voltage threshold A and a low-voltage threshold C of each type of battery pack, and can call the corresponding saturation threshold B, high-voltage threshold A and low-voltage threshold C according to the type of the battery pack.
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