KR20170101184A - Pixel array medical devices and methods - Google Patents

Abstract

A system, apparatus and method are described that include a housing in which the apparatus includes a scallop apparatus. The scallop apparatus includes a scallop array including scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern. The scallop can be deployed from the housing to form cut-out skin pixels at the target site. The housing is placed and the scallop array is deployed into the tissue at the target site. The incised skin pixels are formed when the target site is at the donor site and the skin defect site is formed when the target site is at the donor site. The incised skin pixels are collected.

Description

[0001] PIXEL ARRAY MEDICAL DEVICES AND METHODS [0002]

Related application

This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 044,060, filed August 29, 2014.

This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 044,078, filed August 29, 2014.

This application claims priority from U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 044,089 filed August 29, 2014.

This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 62 / 044,102, filed August 29, 2014.

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 14 / 099,380, filed December 6, 2013, which claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 61 / 734,313, filed December 6,

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application No. 12 / 972,013, filed December 17, 2010, which claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 61 / 288,141, filed December 18,

This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 14 / 505,090, filed October 2, 2014.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a medical system, apparatus or apparatus, and methods, and more particularly to medical instruments and methods applied to the surgical management of burns, skin defects and hair transplants.

The aging process may be most evident as the development of dependent skin relaxation. This whole life cycle can be prominent from the early 20s and will gradually deteriorate thereafter. Histologic studies have shown that dependent stretching or aging-related relaxation of the skin is partly due to progressive dermal atrophy associated with decreased skin tensile strength. In combination with the downward force of gravity, aging-related skin atrophy will cause a two-dimensional swelling of the skin membrane (skin membrane). Clinical signs of this medical-histological process are excessive skin relaxation. The most affected areas are head and neck, upper arm, thigh, chest, lower abdomen, and knee. The most prominent area of all areas is head and neck. At this site, the prominent "turkey gobbler" relaxation of the neck and the "jowl" of the lower face are due to the aesthetic dependence of the skin in these areas.

Plastic surgery procedures have been developed to dissect excessively relaxed skin. These procedures should use a long incision that is typically hidden around the anatomical boundary, such as the ear and scalp, for the inframammary fold and facial elevation for the breast uplift (breast fixation). However, some areas of the skin relaxation incision are an undesirable contradiction between the visibility of the surgical incision and the aesthetic enhancement of more intact skin. With these factors, the skin surplus of the upper arm, patellar knee, thigh, and buttocks is not usually incised due to the visibility of the surgical scar.

The frequent and negative social consequences of this aesthetic transformation prompted the development of the "facial collar" surgical procedure. Other related plastic surgery procedures at other sites include abdominoplasty (abdomen), Mastopexy (chest), and brachioplasty (brachioplasty). The negative features inherent in these surgical procedures are the risk of postoperative pain, scarring, and surgical complications. Although aesthetic improvement by these procedures may be acceptable for considerable surgical incision, extensive and permanent scars are always present in these procedures at all times. For this reason, procedures of cosmetic surgery are designed to conceal a wide range of scars around anatomical boundaries, such as hairline (facial elevation), submucosal (mammary fixation), and groin folds. However, many of these incisions may be hidden away from the skin relaxation area, thus limiting their effectiveness. Other skin relaxation sites, such as the patella (knee) knee, are not amenable to cosmetic incisions due to poor surgery with better visible surgical scars.

More recently, an electromagnetic medical device (i.e., Thermage) that forms a reverse thermal gradient is attempted with variable success rates to reinforce the skin without surgery. At this time, these electromagnetic devices are arranged to perform an appropriate degree of skin relaxation on the patient. Due to the limitations of electromagnetic devices and the potential side effects of surgery, minimally invasive techniques are required to avoid clinical fluctuations of surgical related scars and electromagnetic heating of the skin. For many patients with aging-related skin relaxation (neck and face, arms, armpits, thighs, knees, buttocks, abdomen, braine, chest deflections), partial incision of the excess skin results in a significant segment of typical plastic surgery Can be increased.

Much more important than the cosmetic deformation of the skin film is the surgical management of burns and other trauma-related skin defects. Significant burns are classified by the total body surface area burned and the thickness of thermal degradation. Generally, first degree and second degree images are managed in a non-surgical manner by application of local cream and image dressing. A more severe third degree burn involves the burning of the skin. Surgical management of this serious injury includes debridement of the burned tissue and application of the partial layer skin graft.

Any full thickness skin defect that is most frequently formed from incision of the burn, trauma or skin mass may be sealed with skin transplantation or skin graft using current commercial equipment. Both surgical methods require harvesting from the donor site. The use of a skin plate (flap) is further limited by the need for paddle blood supply and, in most cases, the need to directly suture the donor site.

Due to immunity constraints, the sub-layer skin graft procedure requires the collection of autologous skin grafts from the same patient. Typically, the donor site on the burn patient is selected in the non-image area and the partial bed side of the skin is collected from the area. After this procedure, a partial skin defect occurs in the donor site. This donor site defect is similar to deeper 2-degree burns. Often healing due to re-epithelialization of the donor site is painful and can last for days. In addition, there is a permanently thinner and more discolored visual donor site deformation than the surrounding skin. For patients who have been burned over a significant surface area, extensive collection of skin grafts from non-imaging areas may be limited.

For this reason, procedures and instruments for aesthetic skin tightening in the rapidly expanding beauty market are needed.

Thus, a system, apparatus, or apparatus and procedure is needed that provides means for repeatedly collecting skin grafts from the same donor site while eliminating such donor site deformation.

Include by reference

Each patent, patent application, and / or publication referred to in this specification is herein incorporated by reference to the same extent as if each individual patent, patent application and / or publication were intended to be included by reference individually and specifically .

1 shows a PAD kit arranged at a target site according to an embodiment;
2 is a cross-sectional view of a scallop punch or device including a scallop array according to an embodiment.
3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a scallop punch or device including a scallop array according to an embodiment.
4 is a view showing an adhesive film having a backing (adhesive substrate) contained in a PAD kit according to an embodiment.
5 is a view showing an adhesive film (adhesive substrate) in use with a blade assembly and a PAD kit frame according to an embodiment;
6 is a view showing removal of a skin pixel according to an embodiment;
7 is a side view of blade lateral cutting and removal of incised skin pixels using a PAD kit according to an embodiment;
8 is a diagram of a blade / pixel interaction during a procedure using a PAD kit according to an embodiment.
Figure 9 is a diagram of a procedure using a PAD kit showing collected skin pixels or plugs in accordance with an embodiment.
10A is a side view of a portion of a pixel array showing a scallop secured on a plate according to an embodiment.
Figure 10B is a side view of a portion of a pixel array showing a scaffold that is fixed in a plate differently to an alternative embodiment.
Fig. 10C is a top view of the scallop plate according to the embodiment; Fig.
Fig. 10D is an enlarged view of a part of the scallop plate according to the embodiment; Fig.
11A is an illustration of an example of a rolling pixel drum in accordance with an embodiment.
11B illustrates an example of a rolling pixel drum assembled on a handle according to an embodiment;
11C shows a drum skin segmenter for use with a scallop plate according to an embodiment.
12A is a view showing a drum skin separator arranged across a scallop plate according to an embodiment;
12B is an alternative view of a drum skin divider arranged over a scallop plate according to an embodiment.
13A is a view showing the application of a drum skin divider across a scallop plate, wherein the adhesive film is applied to the drum of the skin divider before rolling across the plate according to an embodiment.
Figure 13B is a side view of a portion of a drum skin distributor showing the blade position for a scalp plate according to an embodiment.
Figure 13c is a side view of a portion of a drum skin distributor showing various blade positions for a scallop plate according to an embodiment.
Figure 13d is a side view of the drum skin divider at yet another blade position for a scallop plate according to an embodiment.
FIG. 13E is a side view of a drum skin divider including a transverse cutting blade tip illustrating a transverse cut of a skin pixel by a blade clip in accordance with an embodiment. FIG.
13f is a bottom view of the scallop plate and the drum skin separator according to the embodiment;
13g is a front view of the scallop plate and the drum skin separator according to the embodiment;
13H is a rear view of the scallop plate and the drum skin separator according to the embodiment;
14A is an assembly view of a pixel ON-ray sleeve (POS) according to an embodiment;
FIG. 14B is an exploded view of a pixel ON-ray sleeve (POS) according to an embodiment; FIG.
14C is a view showing a portion of a skin divider including a pixel ON -ray sleeve (POS) according to an embodiment;
15A illustrates a slip-on pad that slides onto a Paget drum duster divider according to an embodiment.
15B is a view showing a slip-on pad installed on a papermaking drum cutter according to an embodiment;
Figure 16A illustrates a slip-on pad used with a perforated template or guide plate according to an embodiment and installed over a puget drum skin divider;
Figure 16B illustrates skin pixel collection using a paddle drum skin divider and an installed slip-on pad according to an embodiment.
17A is a diagram showing an example of a pixel drum skin divider applied to a target region of a skin surface according to an embodiment;
17B is an alternative view of a portion of a pixel drum skin divider applied to a target site on the skin surface according to an embodiment.
18 is a side perspective view of a PAD assembly according to an embodiment.
19A is a top perspective view of a scallop apparatus for use with a PAD assembly in accordance with an embodiment.
Figure 19b is a bottom perspective view of a scarf device for use with a PAD assembly in accordance with an embodiment.
20 is a side view of a punch impact device including a vacuum component according to an embodiment.
21A is a top plan view of a vibrating flat scallop array and blade apparatus according to an embodiment.
Figure 21B is a bottom plan view of a vibrating flat scallop array and blade apparatus in accordance with an embodiment.
Figure 21c is an enlarged view of a planar array when the array, blade, adhesive film and adhesive beaker of a scallop are assembled together according to an embodiment.
21D is an enlarged view of a planar array of scallop having feeder components according to an embodiment.
Figure 22 illustrates a dermis substrate cut transversally into a cylindrical shape similar to the size of a collected skin pixel implant according to an embodiment.
23 is a side view of the drum array drug delivery device according to the embodiment;
24A is a side view of the needle array drug delivery device according to the embodiment;
24B is a top view of the needle array drug delivery device according to the embodiment;
24C is a bottom view of the needle array drug delivery device according to the embodiment;
25 is a view showing a structure of a human skin;
26 is a diagram showing a physiological cycle of hair growth;
27 is a view showing collection of donor pores according to the embodiment;
28 is a view showing preparation of a donor site according to the embodiment;
29 is a view showing an arrangement of hair plugs collected at a donor site according to the embodiment;
30 is a view showing the arrangement of the perforated plate on the laryngeal scalp donating site according to the embodiment;
31 is a view showing the penetration depth of scallop through the skin when the scallop is configured to penetrate into the subcutaneous fat layer according to the embodiment;
32 is a view showing a hair plug collection using a perforated plate at the laryngeal donor site according to the embodiment;
33 is a view showing the formation of a visible ray line according to the embodiment;
34 shows the preparation of the donor site using a patterned perforated plate and a spring-loaded pixelation device to form the same skin defect at the donor site;
35 illustrates implantation of a plug collected by inserting a collected plug into a corresponding skin defect formed at the donor site according to an embodiment;
Figure 36 illustrates a clinical purpose using a pixel skin divider instrument and procedure according to an embodiment;
37 is a view showing an image of a skin displayed at an edge and an intermediate point of an incised region according to an embodiment;
38 is a view showing an image of a post-surgery skin incision area according to the embodiment;
39 shows an image of eleven days after the procedure where the edges are measured and showing the incision according to the embodiment;
Figure 40 shows an image of 29 days after the procedure where the edge is measured and shows the incision according to the embodiment;
41 shows an image of 29 days after the procedure showing the incision according to the embodiment, having measured lateral dimensions;
Figure 42 shows an image of 90 days after the procedure showing the incision according to an embodiment, having a measured lateral dimension;

The embodiments described herein satisfy the expanded aesthetic market for instruments and procedures for cosmetic surgery skin tightening. Additionally, depending on the embodiment, repetitive collection of skin grafts from the same donor site is allowed while eliminating donor site deformation. The embodiments described herein can be configured to incise excessively relaxed skin without visual scarring so that all areas of the excess skin relaxation area can be incised by a pixel array dermatome and are pre-limited due to the visibility of the surgical incision Procedure may be performed at the site. The technical effect implemented through the embodiments described herein is that the skin is smooth and taut without visual scars or long scars along anatomical boundaries.

The embodiments described in detail herein, including pixel skin grafting devices and methods, are configured to provide the ability to repeatedly collect partial skin grafts without visual scarring of the donor site. During the procedure, a pixel array skin splitter (PAD) is used to collect skin grafts from selected donor sites. During the collection procedure, the pixilated skin graft is deposited on a flexible, semi-porous, adhesive film. The collected skin graft / membrane complex is then applied directly to the skin defect sites conferred. Part of the cut donor site is sealed in accordance with the application of a large butterfly bandages (butterfly bandage) (e.g., a week, etc.) bonded with sitting or bandage to a function (e.g., Flexan ^® with sitting, and so on) for a predetermined period as. The endothelial defect formed by PAD can promote the primary healing process in which the normal epidermal-dermal structure is rearranged in an anatomical manner to minimize scar formation. Also, after surgery, the adhesive film may be removed (stripped) with the horny layer of the graft, and then the membrane may be removed without rupture of the graft at the receiving end. It is worth explaining the many effects implemented by the pixel skin transplant procedure. Because the skin graft is pixelated, a gap is provided between the skin plug components for venting and improves the "take" percentage compared to the sheet skin graft. During the first week after surgery, the skin graft will "engraft" to the site of delivery of the skin graft by an angiogenic process in which new blood vessels from the skin defect site grow into the new skin graft. The semi-porous membrane will conduct the exudate into the dressing.

The flexible membrane is designed so as to have a resilient recoil property that promotes apposition of component skin plugs within the graft / membrane composite and promotes the first adjacent healing of the skin graft plug, so that the pixelated appearance of the skin graft can be made uniform . ≪ / RTI > In addition, by aligning the microstructure component skin plug, the epidermis aligns with the epidermis and the dermis aligns with the dermis, promoting a primary healing process that reduces scarring.

There are a number of major clinical applications for the dermatomes described in detail herein, including fractional skin incision for skin tightening, partial hair transplant for alopecia, and fractional skin collection for skin transplantation. Fractional skin incision of embodiments includes collecting skin plugs using an adhesive film, but partially cut skin plugs can be removed without collection. Examples of incisions, extraction, and sutures are the most illustrative of clinical applications for skin tightening. The embodiments described herein are configured to provide a larger scallop array having a greater number of scalpels and to assist in dissection and extraction, the embodiments including skin surface incision means.

A pixel array medical system, apparatus or apparatus and method are described for skin grafting and skin abstraction procedures and hair grafting procedures. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the disclosure and to enable them to be described. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art, that these embodiments may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other components, systems, On the other hand, well-known structures or operations are not shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosed embodiments.

As used herein, the following terms have the following general meanings. This term, however, is not limited to the meanings set forth herein, as the meaning of any term may include other meanings understood or applicable by those skilled in the art.

As used herein, "first degree burn" includes surface laceration from the dermis to no rupture of the epidermis. 1 degree burns are visualized as erythema (redness) of the skin.

As used herein, "second degree burn" includes a relatively deep image with rupture of the epidermis from the dermis and also with a variable thickness of the dermis denatured. Most 2 degree burns are associated with blister formation. Deep second degree burns can generally be transformed into full third degree burns by oxidation or infection.

As used herein, a "third degree burn" includes an image associated with thermal deprivation of the skin, including epidermis and dermis. Third degree burns can be associated with thermal destruction of deeper underlying tissues (subcutaneous and muscular layers).

As used herein, "ablation" includes removal of tissue by destruction of tissue, eg, thermal ablation of skin injury by laser.

As used herein, "autologous graft" includes implants taken from the same patient.

As used herein, a "backed adherent membrane" includes an elastic adhesive film that catches a transverse cut skin plug. In one embodiment, the backing adhesive film is backed onto the outer surface to maintain alignment of the skin plug during collection. After collection of the skin plug, the backing is removed from the adhesive film with the collected skin plug. And is porous to enable discharge when the membrane according to the embodiment is located at the delivery site. Also, the membranes of one embodiment have elastic recoil properties, so that when the backing is removed, the sides of the skin plug can be close to each other to promote healing at the donor site as a plate graft.

As used herein, "burn scarring" includes tightening of scar tissue that occurs during the wound healing process. This process is more likely to occur in untreated third degree burns.

As used herein, "burn scar formation" includes scar tissue scarring that limits the extent of motion of the joint or scar tissue bands, such as facial scratches, that distort the patient's appearance.

As used herein, a "dermatome" includes a device for "ablating the skin" or collecting a partial-layer skin graft. Examples of drum skin patches include Padgett and Reese skin segmenters. The electric skin divider is a Zimmer skin divider and is an electric version of the Padgett divider.

As used herein, "dermis" is a major structural support and includes a deep skin layer predominantly comprising non-cellular collagen fibers. Fibroblasts are the subepithelial cells that form collagen protein fibers.

As used herein, a "donor site" includes an anatomical site from which a skin graft is collected.

As used herein, "epidermis" includes live epidermal cells and non-live stratum corneum and includes an outer layer that serves as a biological barrier.

"Excise " as used herein includes surgical removal of tissue.

As used herein, "cutaneous skin defect" includes a partial layer or more generally a full layer defect resulting from the surgical removal (removal / excision) of the skin (lesion).

As used herein, "FTSG" includes full-thickness skin grafts where the entire layer of skin is collected. Except for the device as described herein, the donor site is sealed as a surgical incision. For this reason, FTSG is limited in the surface area that can be collected.

As used herein, "Granulation Tissue" includes highly vascular tissue that grows in response to the absence of skin in full-thickness skin defects. Granulation tissue is an ideal basis for skin grafting sites.

As used herein, "Healing by primary intention" includes a wound healing process in which a normal anatomical structure is reconstructed with minimal scar tissue formation. Morphologically, scars are less likely to be visible.

As used herein, "Healing by secondary intention" includes less ordered wound healing processes where healing occurs where normal anatomical structures are less aligned and scar collagen formation is increased. Morphologically, there is a high likelihood that scars will be visible.

 As used herein, "allograft" includes implants that are taken from other humans and applied to the patient ' s site of presentation as a temporary biological dressing. Most allografts are collected as the skin of the body. Temporary "engraftment" of allografts may be partially achieved with immunosuppression, but if the patient survives, allografts are eventually replaced with autografts.

"Incision" as used herein includes surgical incision without removal of tissue.

As used herein, "mesh partial-layer skin grafting" includes partial-layer skin grafting in which the surface area is expanded by repeatedly dissecting the collected skin graft using a device referred to as a "mesher ". Mesh partial layer skin grafting has a higher " grafting " percentage than sheet grafting because it permits drainage through the graft and can better conform to the irregular contour of the graft site. However, this results in a graft having a mesh-like appearance that is harsh on the donor site.

As used herein, "PAD" includes the Pixel Array Dermatome, a kind of apparatus for fractional skin resection.

As used herein, a "PAD kit" is a disposable article comprising a perforated guide plate, a scalpet stamper, a guide plate frame, a backing adhesive film, And a procedure kit.

As used herein, a "perforated guide plate" includes a perforated plate that includes a whole graft collection area in which holes in the guide plate are aligned with a handheld stamper or a slip-on PAD scallop. The plate will also function as a guard to prevent unintended laceration of adjacent skin. The holes in the guide plate may be of different geometric shapes, non-limiting such as circular, oval, square, rectangular, and / or triangular.

As used herein, a "pixelated full-thickness skin graft" includes full-thickness skin grafts collected by an instrument as described herein without reduced visually significant scarring at the donor site. The graft will also have an improved appearance at a donor site similar to the sheet FTSG but will better conform to the donor site and have a higher 'engraftment' percentage due to the discharge gap between skin plugs. Another significant advantage of the pixelated FTGS compared to the sheet FTSG is that a wider surface area implant that otherwise would have required STSG would be possible. This advantage is because it can be collected from multiple donor sites with reduced visible scars.

"Pixelated graft collection" includes collection of skin grafts from a donor site by an instrument as detailed herein.

As used herein, "pixelated partial layer skin graft" includes partial layer skin grafts collected using the SRG instrument. The skin transplantation shares the benefits of mesh-type skin grafting without an unsightly donor site and donor site.

As used herein, "donor site" includes a skin defect site to which a skin graft will be applied.

As used herein, "ablation" includes incision.

As used herein, "Scalpel" includes a single-edged knife that cuts the skin and soft tissues.

As used herein, "scallop" includes the term indicating a scallop of a small geometric shape (or a circle, ellipse, rectangle, square, etc.) that cuts the plug of the skin.

As used herein, a "scalloped array" includes an array or array of a plurality of scallops secured to a substrate (e.g., a base plate, stamper, handle-like stamper, tip disposable tip, etc.).

As used herein, a "scallop stamper" includes a handle-type scalloped array instrument component of a PAD kit that cuts a skin plug through a perforated guide plate.

As used herein, "scarring" includes histological deposition of collagen in which the tissue has been destroyed after wounding, and morphological transformation that is visually prominent from the histological deposition of the broken collagen tissue after wound formation.

As used herein, "sheet full-thickness skin graft" includes applying FTSG as a continuous sheet to the donor site. The appearance of FTSG is superior to the appearance of STSG, and for this reason it is mainly used for visually prominent areas, such as skin transplantation in the face.

As used herein, "sheet partial skin transplantation" is a continuous sheet and includes sub-layer skin grafts that are associated with conventional donor site deformation.

As used herein, "skin deficiency" includes subcutaneous fat layers and deeper structures, such as the absence of a full-thickness skin that may include muscles. Skin deficits can result from a variety of causes, namely, burns, trauma, cancer, and surgical resection of a congenital anomaly.

As used herein, the term "skin pixel" includes a portion of the dermis or an entire layer of the dermis that is cut by the scalpel, and a portion of the skin that includes the epidermis, wherein the skin pixel is a cuff of subcutaneous fat, May include a skin adnexa such as a pore, and may also include a skin plug.

As used herein, a "skin plug" is a circular (or other geometric shape including, but not limited to, a partial or full layer of dermis that is cut by a skin and scallop and transversely cut by a transverse cutting blade, ). ≪ / RTI >

As used herein, "STSG" includes Partial Thickness Skin Graft, where epidermal and dermal portions are collected by grafting.

As used herein, the term "subcutaneous fat layer" encompasses a layer that consists of adipose cells that are directly below the skin and are referred to primarily as lipocytes. This layer functions as a major protective layer to the periphery.

As used herein, a "transection blade" refers to a transverse blade that is inserted into a frame of a perforated plate as described in detail herein, or that is bonded to an outrigger arm of a drum skin divider, . The transverse cutting blade transversely cuts the base of the incised skin plug.

As used herein, "wound healing " includes unconditional biological processes arising from any type of wound, regardless of whether one or more of heat, mobility, or surgery.

As used herein, "xenograft" includes implants that are taken from different species and applied to the patient's site of delivery as a temporary biological dressing.

Several embodiments of a pixel array medical system, apparatus, or apparatus and method are described in detail herein. The systems, apparatus, or apparatus and methods described herein may be used in a variety of surgical procedures, such as minimally invasive procedures for tightening skin grafts and relaxed skin without visual scarring through, for example, ≪ / RTI > In some embodiments, the device is a disposable device. Embodiments of the present disclosure perform a plurality of small pixelated ablation of the skin as a minimally invasive alternative to surgical resection of the skin and clinical alteration of the electromagnetic heating of the skin and as an alternative to large cosmetic ablation of the skin. Embodiments of the present disclosure may also be used in areas of the body and hair transplantation that may be limited to cosmetic surgery due to the visibility of the surgical scars. Additionally, the method can perform transplantation of the skin transplantation onto the skin defect site of the patient with reduced scarring of the donor site of the patient by collecting transversely sectioned cuts of skin from the tissue of the donor site.

For many patients with aging-related skin relaxation (non-limiting examples of neck and face, arm, armpit, thigh, knee, buttock, abdomen, braine, chest deflections, etc.), the minimally invasive pixel array medical The device and method perform pixellated transection / ablation of excess skin to replace inevitable scars with plastic surgery. Generally, the procedures described herein are performed under local anesthesia with minimal perioperative discomfort, but are not limited thereto. By applying a support garment worn on the dressing and treatment area for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 days, 7 days, etc.) as compared to the long term healing state after plastic surgery, only a short recovery period is required. There will be minimal or no pain associated with the procedure.

A relatively small (e.g., in the range of about 0.5 mm to 4.0 mm) skin defect formed by the instrument described herein will be sealed by application of the adhesive Flexan ^® sheet. When functioning as a large butterfly bandage, the Flexan® sheet can be pulled in a direction ("vector") that maximizes cosmetic contouring of the treatment area. To further assist in cosmetic contouring, an elastic compression garment is applied over the dressing. After the initial healing step is completed, a plurality of small linear scars in the treatment area will have reduced visibility as compared to the larger plastic surgical incisions on the treatment area. Due to delayed wound healing reactions, additional skin tightening can occur over several months. Other possible applications of the embodiments described herein include hair transplantation as well as hair loss, treatment of snoring / sleep apnea, orthopedics / physiotherapy, vaginal tightening, female incontinence, and gastric sphincter tightening.

Significant images are categorized by the total body surface area imaged and the depth of thermal breakdown, and the method used to manage these images is highly dependent on classification. Usually 1 degree and 2 degree images are managed in a non-surgical manner using topical cream application and image dressing. Deeper third degree burns are associated with whole-layer thermal destruction of the skin causing full-thickness skin defects. In general, surgical management of such serious injuries involves the removal of dead tissue of burns and application of partial skin grafts.

The full thickness skin defect that is most frequently formed from ablation of burns, trauma, or malignant tumors can be sealed by skin flap transfer or skin graft using conventional commercial instruments. Both surgical methods require collection from the donor site. Use of the skin plate is additionally restricted, since the use of the flap must include a hemoglobin supply and in most cases the donor site must be sealed directly.

Due to immunological constraints, the sub-layer skin graft procedure requires the collection of autologous skin grafts from the same patient. Typically, the donor site of the burn patient is selected in the unburned area and the partial bed sheet of skin is collected from the area. Inevitably, after this procedure, a partial skin defect is formed in the donor site. This donor site defect itself is similar to a deep second degree burn. Healing by re-epithelialization of this site is often painful and may last for days. In addition, it typically results in a thinner, more discolored visual donor site deformation than the surrounding skin permanently. For patients who have burned over a significant surface area, extensive collection of skin grafts may also be limited by the availability of non-imaging areas.

All of the conventional surgical approaches for suturing skin defects (flap transfer and skin grafting) are not only associated with significant scarring of the skin defect site, but also with the donor site where the graft is collected. In contrast to conventional procedures, embodiments described herein eliminate this donor site deformation and provide a method for re-collecting skin grafts from any existing donor site, e.g., sheet or pixilated high- The Pixel Skin Grafting Procedure, or a pixel array procedure. This ability to re-collect skin grafts from existing donor sites will reduce surface area requirements for donor site skin in severe burn patients with limited surface area non-burn donor skin and will provide additional skin grafting capabilities.

One embodiment of the pixel skin transplant procedure is used as a full-thickness skin implant. Many clinical applications, such as facial skin transplantation, vaginal surgery, and recovery of congenital anomalies, are most preferably performed using full thickness skin grafts. The texture, pigmentation, and overall morphology of the full thickness skin grafts are more closely similar to the skin adjacent to the defect area than the partial layer skin grafts. For this reason, full-thickness skin grafts are superior to partial-layer skin grafts in visually prominent areas. A major disadvantage of full-thickness skin grafts under conventional procedures is the widespread linear scar formed by the surgical closure of the full-thickness donor site defect, which limits the size and availability of full-thickness skin grafts.

In comparison, full-thickness skin grafts of the pixel skin transplant procedure described herein are less limited by size and availability as linear donor site scars are removed. Thus, many skin defects, usually covered with partial-layer skin grafts, will be treated using a full-thickness skin graft.

The pixel skin transplant procedure provides the ability to collect partial and full thickness skin grafts with minimal visual scarring of the donor site. During the procedure, a pixel array skin splitter (PAD) device is used to collect skin grafts from selected donor sites. During the collection procedure, a pixellated skin graft is deposited on the adhesive film. The adhesive film of the embodiment includes a flexible semi-porous adhesive film, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The skin graft / membrane composite collected then is applied directly to the skin defect site. The fractionated ablated donor site is sealed for one week by application of an adhesive Flexan ^® sheet that functions as a large butterfly bandage. A relatively small (e.g., 1.5 mm) circular skin defect in the dermis can be sutured to facilitate a primary healing process in which the normal epidermal-dermal structure is rearranged anatomically to minimize scar formation. Also, approximately one week after surgery, the adhesive film may be removed (peeled) with the horny layer of the graft, and then the membrane may be removed without rupture of the graft in the receiver. Thus, healing of the donor site occurs rapidly with minimal inconvenience and scar formation.

Because the skin graft at the donor defect site using the pixel skin graft procedure is pixelated, it provides a gap for venting between the skin pixel elements, thereby improving the "graft" percentage as compared to the sheet skin graft. During the (approximately) first week after surgery, the skin graft will "engraft" to the donor site by an angiogenic process in which new blood vessels grow into new skin grafts from the possibility of skin defects. The semi-porous membrane will conduct the exudate (fluid) into the dressing. In addition, the flexible membrane is designed so as to have an elastic recoil property that promotes the supplemental growth of the component skin pixels in the graft / membrane composite and promotes the first adjacent healing of the skin graft pixels, so that the pixelated appearance of the skin graft is made uniform . ≪ / RTI > In addition, the film aligns the microstructural component skin pixels, thereby aligning the epidermis with the epidermis and aligning the dermis with the dermis, promoting a primary healing process that reduces scarring. In addition, the pixilated skin grafts are more easily adapted to irregularly-awarded sites.

In addition, the embodiments described herein include a pixel skin ablation procedure referred to herein as a pixel procedure. For many patients with aging-related skin relaxation (neck and face, arm, armpit, thigh, knee, buttocks, abdomen, braine, chest deflagration, etc.), fractional resection of excess skin may require significant areas of cosmetic surgery . ≪ / RTI > In general, the pixel procedure will be performed indoors under local anesthesia. The recovery period after the procedure includes the wearing of a garment over the treatment area for a designated number of days (e.g., 5, 7, etc.) (e.g., 5, 7, etc.). The pain associated with the procedure is expected to be relatively little or none at all. By application of the adhesive Flexan® sheet, small (for example, 1.5 mm) circular skin defects will be sutured. When functioning as a large butterfly bandage, the Flexan® sheet is pulled in a direction ("vector") that maximizes cosmetic contouring of the treatment area. A compressive elastic suit is then applied over the dressing to further assist in cosmetic contouring.

After completion of the initial healing step, a plurality of small linear scars in the treatment area will not be visually apparent. In addition, delayed wound healing reactions will result in additional skin tightening for several months. Thus, the pixel procedure is minimally invasive as an alternative to extensive scar formation of plastic surgery.

An embodiment of a pixel array medical device includes a PAD kit. 1 illustrates a PAD kit positioned at a target site in accordance with one embodiment. The PAD kit includes a flat perforated guide plate (guide plate), a scallop punch or device (Figure 1-3) including a scallop array, a backing adhesive film or adhesive substrate (Figure 4) 5). ≪ / RTI > The scallop punches of the embodiments are handheld devices, but are not limited thereto. The derivation plate is optional in alternate embodiments as described herein.

2 is a cross-sectional view of a PAD kit scallop including a scallop array according to an embodiment. A scaled array includes one or more schedules. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a PAD kit scallop punch comprising a scallop array according to an embodiment. The partial sectional view shows that the total length of the scalloped array of scallop arrays is determined by the thickness of the perforated guide plate and the depth of cut into the skin, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

4 shows a backing adhesive film (adhesive substrate) contained in a PAD kit according to the embodiment. The underside of the adhesive film is applied to the incised skin at the target site.

5 shows an adhesive film (adhesive substrate) for use with a PAD kit frame and a blade assembly according to an embodiment. The upper surface of the adhesive film is oriented so that its adhesive surface is downward inside the frame and pressed onto the perforated plate to capture extruded skin pixels, referred to herein as plugs or skin plugs.

Referring to Figure 1, a perforated guide plate is applied to the skin resection / donor site during the procedure using the PAD kit. The scallop punch can be applied through the perforations of at least one set of perforated guide plates to cut skin pixels. When the scarp array of punches contains fewer scallops than the total number of perforations in the guide plate, the scallop punches are applied several times to a plurality of punch sets. After one or more successive applications with a scallop punch, the incised skin pixels or plugs are captured onto the adhesive substrate. Thereafter, the adhesive film is applied in such a manner that the adhesive film captures protruding skin pixels or plugs. By way of example, the upper surface of the adhesive substrate of the embodiment may be oriented downwardly within the frame (when the frame is used) and then pressed over the perforated plate to capture the extruded skin pixels or plugs. As the film is pulled up, skin pixels caught by the transverse cutting blades are transversely cut at their base.

Figure 6 illustrates removal of a skin pixel according to an embodiment. The adhesive substrate is pulled up and back (spaced apart), which serves to lift or pull an incised skin pixel or plug. As the adhesive substrate is tangled, the transverse cutting blades are used to incise the base of the cut skin pixels. 7 is a side view of cutting and removal of a blade of an incised skin pixel by a PAD kit according to an embodiment. Pixel collection is accomplished using a transverse cut of the skin pixel or base of the plug. 8 is an isometric view of the interaction of the blades / pixels during the procedure using the PAD kit according to the embodiment. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention using a PAD kit (with the blades removed for clarity) showing both collected skin pixels or plugs that are transversely cut and captured and non-transversely cut skin pixels or plugs before being transversely cut, Another diagram during the procedure. At the donor site, the application of the Flexan ^® sheet seals the pixelated skin ablation site.

In addition, guide plates and scallop devices are used to form skin defects at the donor site. The skin defect part is configured to receive skin pixels collected or captured at the donor site. The guide plate used in the donor site may be the same as the guide plate used in the donor site, and the arrangement of the different patterns or apertures may be different.

Skin pixels or plugs deposited on the adhesive substrate during transverse cutting can be moved to a skin defect site (donor site) where they can be applied as a pixilated skin graft in the conferred skin defect site. The adhesive substrate has elastic recoil properties that allow alignment of skin pixels or plugs within the skin graft. An incised skin pixel may be applied to the skin defect portion of the donor site directly from the adhesive substrate. Application of the incised skin pixels at the donor site includes aligning the incised skin pixels with the skin defect and inserting the incised skin pixels into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site.

An embodiment of a pixel array medical device includes a pixel array skin divider (PAD). The PAD includes a planar array of relatively small circular scallops that are fixed on a substrate (e.g., an embossing plate), and a scallop in combination with the substrate is referred to herein as a scallop array, pixel array, or scallop plate. 10A is a side view of a portion of a pixel array illustrating a scallop that is secured on an embossing plate according to an embodiment. FIG. 10B is a side view of a portion of a pixel array showing a scallop anchored on an embossing plate according to an alternative embodiment. 10C is a top view of the scallop plate according to the embodiment. 10D is a close-up view of a portion of the scallop plate according to the embodiment. The scallop plate is applied directly to the skin surface. The at least one scaffold of the scallop array includes one or more pointed surfaces, a needle, and a needle including a plurality of points.

Embodiments of pixel array medical devices and methods include the use of an acquisition pattern in place of a director plate. The collection pattern includes, but is not limited to, indicators or markers on the skin surface on at least one of the donor site and the donor site. The markers include any compound that can be applied directly to the skin to mark areas of the skin. The collection pattern is located at the donor site and the scallop array of the apparatus is aligned with the collection pattern at the donor site or with the collection pattern. The skin pixels are incised at the donor site with a scarpite array as described herein. The donor site is prepared by placing the collection pattern on the donor site. The collection pattern used at the presentation site may be the same as the collection pattern used at the donation site, or the arrangement of the different patterns or markers may be different. A skin defect is formed, and an incised skin pixel is applied to the given site, as described herein. Alternatively, the derivation plate of the embodiment is used to apply the collection pattern, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

In order to utilize the formed surgical instrument, an array of embodiments may be used with a drum dermatome, such as a Padget dermatome or a Reese dermatome, or as a variation thereof But is not limited thereto. The Paget Drum dermatome referred to herein is a doctor in the 1930's. It was developed by Dr. Earl Padget and is widely used for skin transplantation by plastic surgeons all over the world. The Reese deformity of the powdery cutaneous segment was then developed to better calibrate the thickness of the collected skin graft. The drum skin divider in one embodiment is disposable (per procedure), but is not limited thereto.

In general, FIG. 11A illustrates an example of a rolling pixel drum 100 according to an embodiment. 11B shows an embodiment of a rolling pixel drum 100 assembled on a handle according to an embodiment. More specifically, FIG. 11C illustrates a drum skin segmenter for use with a scallop plate in accordance with an embodiment.

Generally, for all pixel devices described herein, the geometric shape of the pixel drum 100 can have various shapes, for example without limitation, circular, semicircular, elliptical, rectangular, flat sheet, or rectangular. In some embodiments, the pixel drum 100 is supported by the axle / handle assembly 102 and rotates the drum rotating component 104 powered by, for example, an electric motor. In some embodiments, the pixel drum 100 may be placed on a stand (not shown) when not in use, and the stand may also be a battery recharger for the motorized rotary component of the drum or the powered component of the syringe plunger Function. In some embodiments, a vacuum (not shown) may be applied to the skin surface of the pixel drum 100, and an outrigger (not shown) may be deployed for tracking and stability of the pixel drum 100 (deploy).

In some embodiments, the pixel drum 100 includes an array of scallops 106 on the surface of the drum 100 to provide a plurality of small (e.g., 0.5 to 1.5 mm) A circular incision can be formed. In some embodiments, the border geometry of the scallop can be designed to reduce pin cushioning ("trap door") while forming a skin plug. The perimeter of each skin plug may also be extended by a non-limiting, e.g., semicircular, elliptical, or square skin plug, instead of a circular skin plug. In some embodiments, the length of the scallop 106 may vary depending on the thickness of the skin area, i.e., the partial or full thickness, selected by the skin grafting purpose.

When the drum 100 is applied to the skin surface, the blade 108 located inside the drum 100 transversely cuts the base of each skin plug formed by the array of scallops, and the inner blade 108, Which is connected to the axle / handle assembly 102 and / or to the outrigger glued to the center axle assembly 102. In some alternative embodiments, the inner blade 108 is not connected to the drum axle assembly 102 where the base of the incision of the skin is transversely cut. In some embodiments, the inner blade 108 of the pixel drum 100 may be manually oscillated or may be powered by an electric motor. Depending on the density of the circular scallops on the drum, a variable percentage (e.g., 20%, 30%, 40%, etc.) of the skin may be transversely cut within the region of excessive skin relaxation.

In some embodiments, an added pixel drum collector 112 is disposed within the drum 100 to collect transverse cut / pixelated skin cuts / plugs (pixel grafts) from the tissue of the pixel donor, The skin grafting operation is performed by aligning on the adhesive film 110 lined in the interior of the skin 100. A narrow space is formed between the array of scallops 106 and the adhesive film 110 to the inner blade 108. [

In an embodiment, the blade 108 is arranged on the outside of the drum 100 and the scallop array 106 where the incised circular skin plug is cut transversely. In another embodiment, the outer blade 108 is connected to the drum axle assembly 102 when the base of the incision of the skin is transversely cut. In an alternative embodiment, the outer blade 108 is not connected to the drum axle assembly 102 when the base of the incision of the skin is transversely cut. The adhesive film 110 for extracting and aligning the transversely cut skin pieces is then arranged over the skin defect site of the patient. The blade 108 (internal or external) may be, but is not limited to, a perforated layer of a blade aligned with the scallop array 106.

When the film having the aligned and transversely cut skin pieces is extracted from the drum and applied as a skin graft, the conformable adhesive film 110 of the embodiment is semi-porous and is allowed to drain out of the defective skin defects. The adhesive semipermeable drum membrane 110 may also be used to send transverse cut / pixellated skin plugs for implantation onto the affected skin defect sites, i.e., an adhesive film with a pixellated implant is extracted from the drum 100 So that the edges of each skin plug are sealed together as a more uniform sheet. Alternatively, the adhesive semi-porous drum film 110 may be expanded to cover a large surface area of the affected skin defect site. In some embodiments, a sheet of adhesive backer 111 may be applied between the adhesive film 110 and the drum collector 112. The drum 106 of the scallop 106, the blade 108 and the adhesive film 110 may be assembled as a sleeve onto an existing drum 100, as will be described in detail herein.

The inner drum collector 112 of the pixel drum 110 of the embodiment is disposable and replaceable. The limitation and / or control of the use of disposable components may be realized by means including but not limited to electronic, EPROM, mechanical, and durability. The electronic and / or mechanical record and / or limitations of the number of revolutions of the drum with respect to the disposable drum, as well as the use time for the disposable drum, can be electronically or mechanically recorded, controlled and / or restricted.

During the collection portion of the procedure using the drum skin segmenter, a PAD scallop array is applied directly to the skin surface. In order to incise the skin pixels circumferentially, the drum skin segmenter is placed on the scallop array and loads are applied to the skin surface beneath it. Under sustained loading, incised skin pixels are extruded through the holes in the scallop array and trapped on the adhesive film on the drum skin divider. Cutting Out the Skin Split Outrigger blades (placed on the scallop array) transverse the base of the extruded skin pixels. The film and the pixilated complex of the skin are then removed from the dermatome drum and applied directly to the skin defect that is conferred as a skin graft.

Referring to FIG. 11C, an embodiment includes a drum skin segmenter for use with a scallop plate, as described herein. More specifically, Figure 12A illustrates a drum skin segmenter disposed on a scallop plate under one embodiment. 12B is an alternative view of a drum skin divider disposed on a scallop plate according to an embodiment. The cutting outrigger blades of the drum dichotomies are placed on top of the scallop array where the extruded skin plugs will be transversely cut at their base.

FIG. 13A is an isometric view of an application of a drum skin section (e.g., a powder jet section) over a scallop plate, according to an embodiment, wherein the adhesive layer is applied to the drum of the skin section prior to rolling on the melter plate do. FIG. 13B is a side view of a portion of a drum skin divider showing the blade position relative to a scallop plate under one embodiment. FIG. 13C is a side view of a portion of a drum skin divider showing a different blade position from the scallop plate in accordance with one embodiment. 13D is a side view of a drum dichotomizer with another blade position for a scallop plate, according to one embodiment. 13E is a side view of a drum skin splitter having a transverse cutting blade clip, showing a transverse cut of a skin pixel by a blade clip in accordance with one embodiment. 13F is a bottom view of a drum skin divider including a scallop plate in accordance with one embodiment. 13g is a front view of a drum skin divider including a scallop plate according to an embodiment. Figure 13h is a rear view of a drum skin divider including a scallop plate according to one embodiment.

Depending on the clinical application, the disposable adhesive film of the dermatome splitting section may be used for deposition / removal of resilient relaxed skin or for collection / alignment of the pixilated skin grafts.

The embodiments described herein also include a Pixel Onlay Sleeve (POS) for use with a skin segmenter, for example, a Paget skin splitter and a Liz skin splitter.

FIG. 14A shows an assembly view of a skin divider including a pixel ON-ray sleeve (POS) according to an embodiment. POSs include skin dividers and blades that include adhesive backers, adhesives, and scallop arrays. The adhesive backer, adhesive, and scarpet array are integrated into the apparatus, but are not limited thereto.

14B is an exploded view of a skin divider with a pixel on-ray sleeve (POS) according to an embodiment. 14C illustrates a portion of a skin divider with a pixel on-ray sleeve (POS), according to one embodiment.

The POS, referred to herein as the "sleeve ", provides a disposable drum skin barrier on-ray for fractional skin resection of excessively relaxed skin and fractional skin transplantation of skin defects. The on-lay sleeve is used with either a paddle or a skin divider as a disposable component. Is a three-sided slip-on disposable sleeve in which the POS of the embodiment slides onto the drum skin divider. The apparatus includes a scraped drum array having an adhesive film and an inner transverse cutting blade. The transverse cutting blade according to an embodiment includes a section cutting surface that sweeps across the inner surface of the scraped drum array.

In an alternative blade embodiment, a fenestrated cutting layer covers the inner surface of the scallop array. Each perforation having a cutting surface is aligned with a respective individual scallop. Instead of a sweeping operation for transversely cutting the base of the skin plug, a perforated cut layer vibrates on the scraped drum array. A narrow space is formed between the adhesive film and the scallop array for movement of the blade. For multiple acquisitions during a skin grafting procedure, an insertion slot for an additional adhesive membrane is provided. The protective layer on the adhesive film is stripped in place using an elongated extraction tab that is pulled from the extraction slot on the opposite side of the sleeve assembly. In another pixel device embodiment, the adhesive film is semi-porous for ejection at a given skin defect site. The membrane may have elastic recoil properties to change the pixelated skin graft to a more continuous sheet, and to provide a more close alignment of skin plugs within the skin graft.

Embodiments described herein include a slip-on PAD configured as a disposable device that includes a puddle or lys skin segment. FIG. 15A illustrates a slip-on PAD that slides onto a Pagetrum skin divider according to one embodiment. Figure 15B shows an assembly view of a slip-on PAD installed on a puget drum skin divider in accordance with one embodiment.

The slip-on PAD of the embodiment is used (optionally) in combination with a perforated guide plate. 16A shows a slip-on PAD installed on a puget drum skin divider according to an embodiment and used with a perforation template or guide plate. The perforated guide plate can be placed over the target skin area and held in place by the adhesive on the lower surface of the apron to maintain orientation. The Paget skin segment containing the slip-on PAD is rolled on a perforated guide plate on the skin.

Figure 16B illustrates a skin pixel collection using a padded drum skin divider and an installed slip-on PAD according to an embodiment. For the collection of skin pixels, the slip-on PAD is removed, an adhesive tape is applied on the drum of the powderette divider, a clip-on blade is placed on the outrigger arm of the skin divider, Is used to cut the cross. In addition, the embodiment of the slip-on PAD is optionally used with a standard surgical instrument, e.g., a ribbon retractor for protecting adjacent skin of the donor site.

Embodiments of the pixel apparatus described herein include a Pixel Drum Dermatome (PD2), a disposable device or device. The PD2 includes a cylindrical or rolling / rotary drum coupled to the handle, and the cylinder includes a scarpit drum array. The inner blades are interlocked to the drum axle / handle assembly and / or to the outriggers bonded to the center axle. Using the PAD and POS described herein, a plurality of miniature pixelated ablation of the skin is performed directly within the skin relaxation area, thereby improving skin tightening with minimal visual scarring.

17A illustrates an example of a pixel drum skin divider applied to a target region of a skin surface according to one embodiment. Figure 17B shows a portion of a pixel drum skin divider applied to a target site on the skin surface in accordance with one embodiment.

The PD2 device applies an entire rolling / rotary drum to the skin surface where a plurality of small (e.g., 1.5 mm) circular incisions are formed at the target site in accordance with the "scarpet drum array ". The base of each skin plug is then transversely cut with an inner blade interlocked with the central drum axle / handle assembly and / or with an outrigger bonded to the center axle. Depending on the density of the circular scallops on the drum, a variable percentage of the skin can be ablated. Depending on the PD2, a portion (e.g., 20%, 30%, 40%, etc.) of the surface area of the skin may be ablated without excessive visual skin scarring in the area of skin relaxation, but the embodiment is not limited thereto.

Another embodiment of the pixel apparatus presented herein is a Pixel Drum Harvester (PDH). Similar to the pixel drum skin segment, an added inner drum collects the pixelated ablation portion of the skin and aligns the ablation portion onto the adhesive film, after which the adhesive film is placed on the patient ' s skin defect site. The conformable adhesive film is semi-porous to permit release from the donor skin defect when the film with aligned and cut skin pieces is extracted from the drum and applied as a skin graft. Depending on the elastic recoil properties of the film, the pixellated skin pieces are closer to each other and the pixilated skin graft is partially converted to the sheet graft at the award site.

The pixel array medical systems, apparatus, or apparatus and methods described herein may enable or cause cellular and / or extracellular responses that are essential to the clinical results in which they are implemented. In the case of a pixel skin divider, a physical reduction in skin surface area is caused by the pixelated ablation of the skin, i. E., The formation of a skin plug. In addition, delayed wound healing responses result in subsequent skin tightening. Each pixelated ablation initiates a wound healing sequence in a plurality of steps as described in detail herein.

The first step in this sequence is the inflammatory phase in which degranulation of mast cells secretes histamine as a "wound ". Histamine secretion can lead to expansion of the capillary system and increase vessel permeability to the extracellular space. This initial wound healing response will occur on the first day and will appear as redness on the surface of the skin.

The second stage (fiber proliferation) is initiated within 3 to 4 days after "wound formation ". During this step, there is migration of fibroblasts and mitotic proliferation. Fibrosis of the wound involves deposition of neocollagen and myofascial contraction of the wound.

Histologically, neo-collagen deposition can be microscopically identified as dermal shrinkage and thickening. Although this is a static process, the tensile strength of the wound increases significantly. Another feature of fiber proliferation is the dynamic physical process that causes multidimensional contraction of the wound. This characteristic of fiber proliferation is due to active cell contraction of myofibroblasts. Morphologically, muscle contraction of the wound will be visualized as a two-dimensional tightening of the skin surface. Overall, the effect of fiber proliferation is dermal contraction along with the deposition of a static support scaffolding of neo-collagen with a tightened frame. Clinical effects appear as delayed tightening of the skin where the skin texture is smoothed over the course of several months. In general, clinical goals are skin membranes that appear younger in the treatment area.

The third and final stage of the delayed wound healing response is the maturation phase. During this step, the strengthening and remodeling of the treatment area is provided due to the increased cross-linking of the collagen myofibrous substrate (of the dermis). This final step can be initiated within 6 to 12 months after "wound formation " and extended for at least one year or two years. The miniature pixelated ablation zone of the skin should preserve the normal dermis structure during this delayed wound healing process, without the formation of a clear scar that typically occurs by the greater surgical resection of the skin. Finally, epidermal-related stimulation and rejuvenation by epidermal growth hormone secretion occurs. Delayed wound healing responses may occur with scar collagen deposition in tissues with minimal existing collagen substrates (e.g., muscle or fat).

In addition to tightening the skin for cosmetic purposes, the pixel array medical system, apparatus, or apparatus and methods described herein may have additional medical-related applications. In some embodiments, the pixel array device is capable of transversely cutting denatured portions of any soft tissue structure without relying on standard surgical excision. More specifically, a reduction in the area of actinic damage to the skin through the pixel array device must reduce the incidence of skin cancer. For treatment of sleep apnea and snoring, pixelated mucosal reduction through the pixel array device (soft palate, dorsal root, and lateral pharyngeal walls) will reduce considerable morbidity associated with more standardized surgical procedures . In the case of vaginal delivery damage, pixelated skin and vaginal mucosal resection through a pixel array device will restore normal prenatal shape and function without the aid of A & P ablation. Related female stress incontinence can also be corrected in a similar way.

A pixel array dichotomizer (PAD) of an embodiment, also referred to herein as a scaffold device assembly, includes a system or kit comprising a control device referred to as a punch impact handpiece and a scallop device referred to as a tip device . The scallop device removably coupled to the control device includes an array of scallop devices disposed within the scallop device. The removable scraper device of the embodiment is disposable and is configured for use during a single procedure, but embodiments are not limited thereto.

The PAD includes an apparatus including a housing configured to include a scaffold apparatus. The scallop apparatus includes a substrate and a scallop array, and the scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged on the substrate. The substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to be deployed from the housing and retracted into the housing, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment. The proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held. The housing is configured to be removably coupled to a receiver, which is a component of the control device. The control device includes a distal end including a receiving portion and a proximal end including an actuator mechanism. The control device is disposable, but alternatively the control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization.

The scallop array is configured to be deployed in response to actuation of a driver mechanism. A scallop apparatus of an embodiment is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus and retracted into the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. An alternative embodiment of the scallop device is configured such that the calfpit array is deployed from the scaffold device in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism and retracted into the scaffold device in response to unrestrained actuation of the actuator mechanism.

18 shows a side perspective view of a PAD assembly according to an embodiment. The PAD assembly of this embodiment includes a scallop device including a scallop array and a control device configured to be hand-held, including an actuator or trigger. The control device is reusable, but an alternative embodiment includes a disposable control device. The scallop arrays of the embodiments are configured to form or form an array of cuts (e.g., 1.5 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, etc.) as described in detail herein. The scallop apparatus of an embodiment includes a spring-loaded array of scallops configured to cut the skin as described in detail herein, but the embodiment is not limited.

19A shows a top perspective view of a scarf device for use with a PAD assembly in accordance with an embodiment. Figure 19b shows a bottom perspective view of a scarf device for use with a PAD assembly in accordance with an embodiment. The scallop device includes a housing coupled to the plunger or configured to receive a substrate containing the plunger. The housing is configured such that the proximal end of the plunger protrudes through the upper surface of the housing. The housing is removably coupled to the control device and the length of the plunger is configured to protrude through the upper surface to contact the actuator and the control device when the scallop device is coupled to the control device.

The substrate of the scallop device is configured to hold a plurality of scallops forming the scallop array. The scallop array includes a predetermined number of scallops as is appropriate for the procedure in which the scallop device assembly is used. The scallop device includes one or more spring mechanisms configured to provide a downward or impact or punching force in response to actuation of the scallop array device, wherein the force is applied by a scallop array to an incision (pixelated skin incision site) . Alternatively, the spring mechanism may be configured to provide an upward or retracting force to assist in retraction of the scallop array. One or more of the embodiments of the scalp apparatus and control apparatus includes a cryptographic system (e. G., EPROM, etc.). The encryption system is configured to prevent illegal use and copyright infringement of the scaffold device and / or control device, but is not limited thereto.

During the procedure, the scalloped device assembly is applied once to the target area or, alternatively, continuously applied within the designated target area of skin relaxation. The pixilated skin ablation site within the treatment area is then sealed according to the application of the Flexan sheet as described in detail herein and the directional sealing of these pixelated ablation areas is performed in a direction that provides maximum aesthetic correction of the treatment site.

An alternative embodiment of a PAD device includes a vibrating component or system for removing incised skin pixels. 20 shows a side view of a punch impact device including a vibration component according to an embodiment. The PAD in this example includes, but is not limited to, a vacuum system or component within a control device to suck and extract incised skin pixels. The vibrating component is removably coupled to the PAD device and its use is optional. The vibrating component is coupled and configured to form a low-pressure zone within or adjacent to at least one of the housing, the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device. The low-pressure zone is configured to extract incised skin pixels.

Yet another alternative embodiment of a PAD device includes a radio frequency (RF) component or system for forming skin pixels. The RF component is coupled to and configured to provide energy in or near one or more of the housing, the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device. The RF component is removably coupled to the PAD device and its use is optional. The energy provided by the RF component includes one or more of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

Yet another alternative embodiment of a PAD device includes a vibrating component or system and an RF component or system. The PAD of this embodiment includes a vacuum system or component within the handpiece for suctioning and removing incised skin pixels. The vibrating component is coupled and configured to form a low-pressure zone within or adjacent to at least one of the housing, the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device. The low-pressure zone is configured to extract incised skin pixels. Additionally, the PAD device includes an RF component coupled to and configured to provide energy at or near a location within one or more of the housing, the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device. The RF component is removably coupled to the PAD device and its use is optional. The energy provided by the RF component includes one or more of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

As one specific example, the PAD of an embodiment includes an electrosurgical generator configured to more effectively cut donor skin or skin plugs in accordance with minimal heat-conduction damage to adjacent skin. For this reason, the RF shaper is operated using a relatively high power level, for example, with a relatively short duty cycle. The RF former is configured to provide at least one of a motorized impactor component configured to provide additional compressive force for cutting, a cycling impactor, a powered impactor, and an ultrasonic transducer.

A PAD with this example RF includes a vibrating component as described herein. The PAD with this example RF also includes a vibrating component as described herein. The vibrating component of this embodiment is configured to apply a vacuum pulling the skin toward the scallop (e.g., into the lumen of the scallop, etc.) to stabilize and promote RF-mediated dissection of the skin in the fraction ablation zone, It is not limited. RF generator and vacuum device are combined under the control of a processor running a software application. In addition, the PAD of this embodiment can be used with the guide plate as described in detail herein, but is not limited thereto. In addition to fractional incisions at the donor site, fractional skin grafts include collection and deposition of skin plugs for delivery to the donor site (e. G., Onto an adhesive film, etc.). Depending on the fraction of skin resection, the use of an RF cutting edge on an array of scallops involves incision of the donor skin plug. The basis of the incised scallop is then transversely cut and collected as described herein.

The timing of the vacuum sub-components is processor controlled to provide a predetermined sequence in accordance with the RF duty cycle. Depending on the software control, various changes are possible to provide an optimal sequence of RF cutting combined with vacuum assist. Without limitation, this includes an initial vacuum period prior to the RF duty cycle. After the RF duty cycle, the periods in the sequence of the embodiment include suction extraction of the incised skin plug.

Other potential control sequences of the PAD include unconditioned RF and vacuum assisted simultaneous duty cycles. Alternatively, the sequence of embodiments may include the use of a generator at different RF frequencies or a change in RF power and / or pulsing or cycling of an RF duty cycle within the sequence.

Another alternative control sequence includes a specified RF cycle that occurs at the depth of the fractional incision. Depending on the isolation shaft, the lower the power, the longer the RF duty cycle period, and the active cutting tip can cause thermal-conduction damage to the deep skin / subcutaneous tissue interface. Deep heat injury can result in a delayed wound healing sequence that secondarily tightens the skin without burning the skin surface.

Depending on the software control, various changes are possible to provide an optimal sequence of combined RF cutting and power machine cutting according to vacuum assist. Examples include, but are not limited to, combinations of RF cut with vacuum assist, RF cut with vacuum assist, RF cut with vacuum assist, and RF cut with vacuum assist, as well as other electromechanical cutting, electromechanical cutting and vacuum assist. Examples of combined software controlled duty cycles include, but are not limited to, pre-cut vacuum skin stabilization period, RF cut duty cycle according to vacuum skin stabilization period, RF cut duty cycle according to vacuum skin stabilization and electromechanical cutoff period, Post cutting RF duty cycle for thermal transfer heating of deeper skins and / or subcutaneous tissue layers and post-cutting vacuum extraction period for skin tightening to induce wound healing response to cutting, skin tightening, .

Another embodiment of the pixel array medical device described herein includes an oscillating plane scallop array and blades used for skin tightening and electrically powered or manually deployed (non-motorized) as an alternative to the drum / cylinder described herein Lt; / RTI > 21A is a top view of a vibrating flat scallop array and blade apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. 21B is a bottom view of a vibrating plane scallop array and blade apparatus according to an embodiment. FIG. The blade 108 may be a perforated layer of the blade aligned with respect to the scallop array 106. The mechanism handle 102 is detached from the blade handle 103 and the adhesive film 110 can be peeled from the adhesive backer 111. [ Fig. 21C is a close-up of a planar array when the array of scallops 106, the blade 108, the adhesive film 110 and the adhesive backer 111 according to the embodiment are assembled together. As assembled, flat arrays of scallops can be metered to provide uniform collection or uniform ablation. In some embodiments, the flat array of scallops may further include a feeder component 115 for the adhesive collection film 110 and the adhesive backer 111. FIG. 21D is a close-up view of a planar array of scallop with feeder component 115 according to an embodiment.

In another skin graft embodiment, the pixel graft is placed on the illuminated body dermal substrate (not shown). When cultured on a dermis substrate, a graft of full-thickness skin is formed for a patient immunologically identical to the pixel donor. In embodiments, the body dermis substrate is also cylindrically sectioned to a size similar to the size of the skin pixel grafts collected to provide histological alignment of the pixilated graft into the body dendritic framework. Figure 22 shows a cylindrical truncated body dermal substrate with a size similar to the size of the skin pixel graft collected according to an embodiment. In some embodiments, the collection percentage of the donor site can be determined by the introduction of normal dermatology at the skin defect site of the recipient, i.e., the normal (smoother) surface topology of the skin graft is facilitated. That is, normal (more smooth) surface topology of the skin is promoted. With respect to the adhesive film or dermal substrate embodiment, the pixel drum collector includes the ability to collect a large surface area for implantation with significant reduction or elimination of visual scarring in the donor site of the patient.

In addition to the pixel array medical devices described herein, embodiments include a drug delivery device. In most cases, the parenteral delivery of the drug is realized from injection with a syringe and a needle. To exclude the negative features of the needle and syringe system, localized absorption of the drug through the occlusive patch has been developed percutaneously. However, both of these drug delivery systems have significant disadvantages. Human aversion to needle injection has not diminished during use for almost two centuries. Systemic absorption of subcutaneous or intramuscular injection can reduce drug efficacy and increase the incidence of undesirable patient responses. Depending on the osmotic nature of the drug or the aqueous carrier fluid, closed patches applied locally by variable absorption across the epidermal barrier may be difficult. In the case of patients requiring local anesthesia over a large surface area of the skin, both syringe / needle injection and local anesthesia are not ideal. Syringe / needle "field" injections can often be administered with excessive local anesthetics which can be painful and cause systemic toxicity. Local anesthesia is difficult to provide the level of anesthesia required for skin-related procedures.

23 is a drum array drug delivery device 200 according to the embodiment. The drug delivery device 200 successfully solves the limitations and disadvantages of other drug delivery systems. The apparatus includes a drum / cylinder 202 that is supported by the axle / handle assembly 204 and rotates about the drum rotation component 206. The handle assembly 204 of the embodiment additionally includes a reservoir 208 of the delivered drug and a syringe plunger 210. The surface of the drum 202 may be covered by an array of uniform lengths of needles 212 to provide a uniform subdermal (or subcutaneous) injection depth into the patient ' s skin, It is injected into the patient's skin. During operation, the syringe plunger 210 pressurizes the drug from the reservoir 208, and thus the drug is injected through the connecting tube 216 into the sealed scan chamber 214 in the drum 202. The drug is delivered to the patient's skin at a uniform depth as the array of needles 212 is pushed into the patient's skin until the surface of the drum 202 finally contacts the skin. An unspent skip zone is prevented and a more uniform pattern of skin anesthesia is formed. In addition, the application of the rolling drum of the drug delivery device 200 provides local anesthetics more quickly, with less inconvenience to the patient.

24A is a side view of a needle array drug delivery device 300 according to one embodiment. 24B is an upper isometric view of the needle array drug delivery device 300 in accordance with one embodiment. 24C is a bottom isometric view of the needle array drug delivery device 300 according to one embodiment. The drug delivery device 300 includes a planar array of uniform length microneedles 312 disposed on a manifold 310 that can be used for drug delivery. In this exemplary embodiment, the syringe 302 in which the medication for injection is received can be inserted into a disposable adapter 306 having a handle, and the syringe 302 and the disposable adapter 306 are fixedly coupled to each other A seal 308 may be used to ensure that the seal 308 is in place. As the syringe plunger 304 is pushed, the medicament contained within the syringe 302 is transferred from the syringe 302 to the disposable adapter 306. As the array of needles 312 is pushed into the patient's skin until the manifold 310 is in contact with the skin, the drug is added to the patient's skin at a uniform depth through the planar array of micro- .

The use of the drug delivery device 200 may have clinical applications as many times as the number of drugs requiring transdermal injection or absorption. As a non-limiting example, some of the possible applications are injection of local anesthetics, injection of neuro-modulating substances such as Botulinum toxin (Botox), injection of insulin and replacement of estrogen and corticosteroids .

In some embodiments, the syringe plunger 210 of the drug delivery device 200 may be powered by an electric motor as a non-limiting example. In some embodiments, a fluid pump (not shown) bonded to the IV bag and tube may be connected to the scanning chamber 214 and / or the reservoir 208 for continuous scanning. In some embodiments, the volume of the syringe plunger 210 within the drug delivery device 200 can be calibrated and programmed.

Another application of pixel skin graft collection using PAD (pixel array dichotomies) devices as described herein is alopecia. Hair loss is a common cosmetic condition, which occurs most frequently in middle-aged men but also in baby boomers. The most common form of alopecia is baldness (Male Pattern Baldness, MPB) that occurs in the frontal-parietal region of the scalp. Male baldness is a sex-related attribute transmitted by the X chromosome from the mother. For a man, only one gene needs to represent this phenotype. Because the gene is recessive, gynecological baldness requires the transmission of all X-related genes from both mother and father. Phenotypic penetration may vary from patient to patient and most frequently is the amount of frontal / part / laryngeal hair loss and the age at onset. Due to the variable phenotypic transformation of this sex-related attribute, the phenotype expression of MPB is patient variability. With the development of the phenotype of MPB, the need for hair transplantation is significant. Other non-genetically related pathologies are seen in a more limited part of the population. These non-genetic pathologies include trauma, fungal infection, lupus erythematosus, radiation and chemotherapy.

Various treatment options have been proposed in the public. This includes FDA-approved topical drugs such as Minoxidil and Finasteride, which have had limited success because these materials require conversion of the resting hair follicle to the growth phase. Other healing measures include partial wigs and hair weaving. This practice standard is in surgical hair transplantation, which involves the transfer of hair plugs, strips, and flaps from scalp with hair to hairless scalp. In most cases, conventional hair transplantation involves delivery of a plurality of single hair micrographs from the hairy scalp of the same patient to the hairless scalp. Alternatively, the donor plug is initially collected into a hair strip, followed by a micrograph for subsequent delivery to the delivered scalp. Regardless, these multi-step procedures lead to a few hours of surgery on the average patient, which is tedious and costly.

Conventional hair implant markets are complicated by the intestinal hair transplantation procedure performed in multiple steps. A typical hair transplant procedure involves delivery of hair plugs from the donor site in the laryngeal scalp to the area of the frontal-parietal scalp where it begins to peel off. For most procedures, each hair plug is individually delivered to a given scalp. Hundreds of plugs can be implanted during procedures that need to be performed for several hours. The "engraftment" or viability after the procedure of the implanted hair plug is variable due to factors limiting neovascularization at the donor site. Bleeding and mechanical rupture due to movement are key factors in reducing "engraftment" and neovascularization of hair grafts.

The embodiments described herein include a surgical instrument configured to deliver a plurality of scalp implants when aligned and secured at a site on the scalp. The procedures described herein reduce the time and tedium required by conventional instruments. 25 shows the tissue of human skin. The skin comprises two horizontal lamellar layers, referred to as epidermis and dermis, which function as biological barriers to the external environment. The epidermis is an epidermal layer and includes a viable layer of epidermal cells that are "formed" upward into a non-viable layer called the horny layer. The stratum corneum is a lipid-keratin composite provided as a primary biological barrier, which is continuously stripped and reconstituted in a process called exfoliation. The dermis is the lower layer of the main structural support of the skin, mainly composed of collagen fibers, which are extracellular.

In addition to the horizontal stratified epidermis and dermis, the skin includes vertical alignment elements or cell attachments, including hair follicle spins, including hair follicles and sebaceous glands. Sebaceous glands and hair follicles, respectively. The sebaceous glands are most outward and drain the sebum (oil) into the pores. The base of the pore is called a bulb and the base of the bulb has a deep regeneration part called a dermal papilla. The pores are typically aligned to be tilted with respect to the skin surface. The pores in a given area of the scalp are aligned in parallel with each other. Although the follicle gland units are common across the entire skin, the density and activity of these units in the area of the scalp is a major determinant of the overall appearance of the hair.

In addition to the follicle gland units, the glands also extend vertically through the skin. This is a water-based leak that helps control temperature. The apocrine sweat glands in the armpits and groin are more sweaty nose stimulating body odor. In the remainder of the body, the leak glands secrete sweat that stimulates the nose to regulate body temperature. The pores progress through different physiological cycles of hair growth.

Figure 26 shows the physiological cycle of hair growth. Presence of testosterone in a genetically-prone man will cause hair loss to a variable degree in the frontal-parietal scalp. In effect, the hair follicles are not activated by entering the pauses without returning to the growing phase. Male baldness occurs when the hair does not return from the resting phase to the growing phase.

Depending on the embodiment of the PAD, collective collection of hair-worn plugs using bulk implants from hairy plugs to hairless scalp will significantly reduce the usual surgical procedures of hair transplantation. In general, the devices, systems and / or methods of the embodiments are used to collect and align a number of small hairy plugs in a single surgical step or process, and the same device performs multiple pixelated incisions of the hairless scalp Is used to prepare the donor site. A plurality of hair-plug implants are delivered to the prepared site and are implanted into the population. Thus, through the use of simplified procedures, hundreds of hairy plugs can be transferred from the donor site to the donor site. Thus, hair transplantation using the embodiments described herein provides a solution that is tedious and simpler and simpler compared to conventional procedures of multiple steps, and significantly shorter in time.

The hair transplantation using the pixil skin segment of the embodiment aids in the improvement of the conventional standard follicular unit extraction (FUT) hair transplantation method. Generally, the pores collected under the procedure of the embodiment are taken from the laryngeal scalp of the donor. Thus, the donor site hair is partly shaved, and the perforated plate of the embodiment is positioned and oriented on the scalp to provide maximum collection. Figure 27 shows the collection of donor hair follicles according to an embodiment. The scallop in the scallop array is configured to penetrate under the subcutaneous fat to capture the pore. When the hair plug is incised, they are collected into the adhesive film by transversely cutting the base of the hair plug with a transverse cutting blade as described in detail herein. The original alignment of the hair plugs to each other at the donor site is maintained by applying an adhesive film prior to transversely cutting the base. Subsequently, the aligned substrate of the hair plug on the adhesive film will be implanted collectively in the donor site on the frontal-parietal scalp of the recipient.

28 shows the preparation of a donor site according to an embodiment. The donor site is prepared by resection of the hairless skin plug in a topographically identical pattern with the collected laryngeal scalp donor site. The donor site is prepared for mass transplantation of the hair plug using the same apparatus used in the donor site, depending on the embodiment, so that the scalp defect is formed at the donor site. The scalp defect formed in the donor site has the same geometric shape as the plug collected on the adhesive film.

The adhesive film with the collected hair plug is applied according to the same pattern of scalp defect at the donor site. For each row, each hairy plug is inserted into a mirrored deficit. 29 illustrates an arrangement of hair plugs collected at an award site in accordance with an embodiment. With the plug-to-plug alignment maintained, the hair implanted from the hair plug naturally grows as if it had grown at the donor site. A more uniform alignment between the original scalp and the implanted hair will result.

More specifically, the donor site hair is partially shaved to prepare the placement or location of the perforated plate on the scalp. Perforated plates are arranged on the laryngeal scalp donor site to provide maximum collection. 30 shows the arrangement of the perforated plate on the laryngeal scalp donating site according to the embodiment. Collective collection of hair plugs is implemented using spring loaded pixelation devices including impact punch handpieces with scallop disposable tips. Embodiments are configured for collection of individual hair plugs using an off-the-shelf FUE extraction device or a biopsy punch, wherein the holes in the perforated plate are sized to permit conventional techniques.

A scallop comprising a scallop array disposable tip is configured to infiltrate under the subcutaneous fat to capture the pore. Figure 31 illustrates the depth of penetration of the scallop through the skin when the scallop is configured to penetrate into the subcutaneous fat layer to capture the pore according to the embodiment. When the hair plug is incised, they are collected into the adhesive film by transversely cutting the base of the hair plug with a transverse cutting blade, but are not limited thereto. 32 shows a hair plug collection using a perforated plate at the laryngecting site according to an embodiment. The original alignment of the hair plugs to each other is maintained by applying the adhesive film of the embodiment. The adhesive film is applied before the horizontal cutting of the cut-off pixel, and the embodiment is not limited thereto. The aligned substrate of the hair plug on the adhesive film is then implanted into the collection site on the fronto-parietal scalp.

Additional single hair plugs may be collected, for example, through a perforated plate used to form visible hair lines. Figure 33 illustrates the formation of a visible line of hair in accordance with an embodiment. Visible hair lines are determined and formed using the manual FUT technique. Groupable transplantation of visible hairlines and pimples may be performed as separate steps or simultaneously. When the visible visible hairline and population implantation are performed simultaneously, the awarding region is formed starting from the visible visible hairline.

Implantation of the harvested hair plug is prepared by ablating the hairless skin plug in a topographically identical pattern with the collected laryngeal scalp donor site. Figure 34 illustrates the preparation of the donor site using a spring-loaded pixelation device and a patterned perforated plate to form the same skin defect at the donor site according to the embodiment. The donor site of the embodiment is prepared for mass transplantation of hair plugs using the same spring-loaded pixelation device and the same perforated plate used in the donor site. Scalp defect is formed in the acceptance quadrant. These scalp defects have the same geometric shape as the plugs collected on the adhesive film.

The adhesive film with the collected hair plug is applied according to the same pattern of scalp defect at the donor site. For each row, each hairy plug is inserted into its enamel-awarded defect. Figure 35 illustrates the implantation of a collected plug by inserting a collected plug into a corresponding skin defect formed at a given site in accordance with one embodiment. The plug-to-plug alignment is maintained so that the hair growing from the implanted hair plug naturally grows as if it were grown at the donor site. A more uniform alignment between the original scalp and the implanted hair will result.

The clinical goal will vary from patient to patient, but a high percentage of hair plugs will "engraft" as a result of improved neovascularization. Figure 36 illustrates a clinical goal using a pixel dichotomy instrument and procedure according to an embodiment.

The pixel skin divider apparatus and procedures of the embodiments overcome the drawbacks of the conventional hair grafting method according to the combination of the better "dwell ", shorter procedural time, and more natural looking results.

Embodiments of pixelated skin transplantation for skin relaxation and pixelated skin transplantation for skin defects are described in detail herein. These embodiments remove the field of skin pixels in the area of the relaxed skin where skin tightening is desired. The skin defect sites formed by this procedure (e.g., a range of approximately 1.5-3 mm diameter) are small enough to be treated first without visual scarring, and wound sutures of multiple skin defect sites are formed to form the desired contouring effect Lt; / RTI > A live animal test of the pixel ablation procedure resulted in excellent results.

The pixel procedure of the embodiment is performed in an office environment under local anesthesia, but is not limited thereto. The physician uses the device of the embodiment to quickly ablate an array of skin pixels (e.g., circular, elliptical, square, etc.). During this procedure relatively little pain is caused. The dermal skin defect formed during the procedure is sealed according to the application of the adhesive Flexan (3M) sheet, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. When functioning as a large butterfly bandage, the Flexan sheet is pulled in a direction that maximizes cosmetic contouring of the treatment area. A compressive elastic suit is then applied over the dressing to further assist in cosmetic contouring. During recovery, the patient wears a support over the treatment area for a predetermined period of time (e.g., 5 days, etc.). After the initial healing step is completed, a plurality of small linear scars in the treatment area are not noticeable.

Additional skin tightening will occur over the months following the delayed skin healing response. Thus, the pixel procedure is a minimal invasive alternative for skin tightening in areas where extensive scar formation of conventional cosmetic surgery is prevented.

The pixel procedure results in cellular and extracellular responses, which are the clinical results that are implemented. The physical reduction in skin surface area is caused by the cut-off of the skin, which physically removes a portion of the skin directly in the relaxed area. In addition, subsequent tightening of the skin is realized from delayed wound healing reactions. Each pixelated ablation initiates a wound healing sequence. The healing response disclosed in the embodiment includes three steps as described in detail hereinabove.

The first step in this sequence is the inflammatory phase in which degranulation of mast cells secretes histamine as a "wound ". Histamine secretion can lead to the expansion of the capillary system and increase vascular permeability to extracellular space. This initial wound healing response will occur on the first day and will appear as redness on the surface of the skin.

During "wound formation ", a second healing step, fiber proliferation is initiated. During fiber proliferation, there is migration of fibroblasts and mitotic proliferation.

Fiber proliferation has two main characteristics: neo-collagen deposition and muscle contraction of the wound. Histologically, neo-collagen deposition can be microscopically identified as dermal shrinkage and thickening. Although this is a static process, the tensile strength of the wound increases significantly. Myobellar constriction is a dynamic physical process that causes two-dimensional tightening of the skin surface. This process is due to deposition of contractile proteins in the extracellular matrix and active cell contraction of myoblasts. Overall, the effect of fiber proliferation is dermal contraction along with the deposition of a static support scaffolding of neo-collagen with a tightened frame. Clinical effects appear as delayed tightening of the skin where the skin texture is smoothed over the course of several months. Clinical targets are skin membranes that appear younger in the treatment area.

The third and final stage of the delayed wound healing response is the maturation phase. During this step, the strengthening and remodeling of the treatment area is provided due to the increased cross-linking of the collagen myofibrous substrate (of the dermis). This final step can be initiated within 6 to 12 months after "wound formation " and extended for at least one year or two years. The miniature pixelated ablation zone of the skin should preserve the normal dermis structure during this maturation, without the formation of visually distinct scars typically caused by the greater surgical resection of the skin. Finally, epidermal-related stimulation and rejuvenation by epidermal growth hormone secretion occurs.

37-42 illustrate an image formed from a pixel procedure performed on a living animal according to an embodiment. The embodiments described herein are used in this proof of concept study in an animal model that identifies that a pixel procedure results in cosmetic skin tightening without visual scarring. The study was used in an anesthetized live pig model for this procedure. 37 is an image of skin displayed at an intermediate point and an edge of a cutout area according to an embodiment. The field edges of the ablation portion are partitioned into tattoo for post-surgical evaluation, but the embodiment is not limited thereto. The procedure is performed using a perforated plate (e.g., a 10 x 10 pixel array) to specify the area for fraction ablation. Fractionation was performed using biopsy punches (e.g., 1.5 mm diameter). 38 is an image of a post-surgical skin removal field according to an embodiment. Subsequent to the pixel section, the pixelated ablation defect is sutured (horizontally) using a Flexan film.

On the 11th day after the procedure, all ablative areas are first treated in the area designated by the tattoo and photographic and dimensional measurements are performed. Figure 39 shows an image at eleven days after the procedure showing the ablative treated first with the edge measured according to the embodiment. Photographic and dimensional measurements are performed 29 days after the procedure. Figure 40 shows an image at day 29 after the procedure showing the maturation of the ablation field and the primarily treated ablation section having a firstly sustained ablation field with an edge measured according to the embodiment. Figure 41 shows an image at day 29 after the procedure showing the maturation of the ablation field and the firstarily treated ablation section having a firstly sustained ablation field having a lateral dimension measured according to the embodiment.

Photographic and dimensional measurements were repeated for 90 days postoperatively and the test area skin was perfectly smooth to touch. Figure 42 shows an image at 90 days post-surgery illustrating the maturation of the ablation field and the primary resected ablation zone, which have a lateral dimension measured in accordance with the embodiment and that lasts primarily.

Embodiments include an apparatus including a housing configured to include a scaffold apparatus. The scallop apparatus includes a substrate and a scallop array. The scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate. The substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to be deployed from the housing and retracted into the housing. The plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels upon deployment.

An embodiment includes a device, wherein the device comprises a housing configured to include a scaffold device, wherein the scaffold device comprises a substrate and a scallop array, the scallop array includes a substrate and a scallop array, The array includes a plurality of scallops arranged on a substrate, wherein the substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to be deployed from the housing and retracted into the housing, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to include a plurality of cut skin pixels .

The housing is removably coupled to the receiving portion.

The receiving portion is a component of the control device.

The control device includes a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end including an actuator mechanism, and the distal end including a receiving portion.

The scallop array is configured to be deployed in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus and retracted to the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is retracted into the scallop apparatus in response to release of the actuator mechanism.

The control device is configured to be disposable.

The control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization.

The apparatus includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The scallop device is configured to include an adhesive substrate.

The housing is configured to include an adhesive substrate.

The adhesive substrate includes a flexible substrate.

The adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film.

The device includes a vibrating component.

The vibrating component is coupled to the housing.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing.

The vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the control device and the scaffold device.

The low pressure area is configured to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The housing is removably coupled to the control device, and the vibrating component is coupled to the control device.

The device includes a radio frequency (RF) component.

The RF component is configured to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scaffold array.

The RF component is configured to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array.

The RF component is configured to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scallop device and the scallop array.

The RF component is configured to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop device and the scallop array.

The RF component is coupled to the housing.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device through the housing.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array through the housing.

The RF component is coupled to one or more scafflit of the scaffold array.

The RF component is coupled to the at least one scaffold of the scaffold array through the housing.

The housing is removably coupled to the control device, and the RF component is coupled to the control device.

The apparatus includes a vibrating component coupled to at least one of the housing and the scalloping assembly, and a radio frequency (RF) component coupled to the at least one of the scallop assembly, the scallop array, and the housing.

The vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the scaffold device and the housing.

The RF component is configured to provide energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the housing.

The energy includes at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site.

The apparatus includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site and deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site.

The adhesive substrate is adapted to be applied at the donor site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The adhesive substrate is configured to apply cut skin pixels to the skin defect at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is configured to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is configured to insert each cut skin pixel into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site.

The device includes one or more bandages for application at the target site.

One or more bandages are configured to apply a force to suture the target site.

One or more bandages are configured to apply a directional force to control the sealing direction at the target site.

Wherein the at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at the donor site.

Wherein the at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at a delivery site.

The scallop device is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop array is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop device is configured to be disposable.

The scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization.

The apparatus includes a template configured to be disposed at a target site.

The scallop device is configured to be aligned with the template.

The scallop array is configured to align with the template.

The template is arranged on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes an indicator on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern and includes a guide plate configured for placement at a target site.

The scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop device.

Scallop arrays are disposable.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is oval.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape.

Each scallop of one or more scallops includes an oblique surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes at least one sharp surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes one or more needles.

The at least one needle includes one or more needles including a plurality of points.

The scallop array forms an incised skin pixel using at least one of puncture force, impact force, and rotational force.

The scallop array uses radio frequency (RF) energy to form excised skin pixels.

The scallop array uses vibrational energy to form excised skin pixels.

One or more scallops of the scallop array include through orifices.

The diameter dimension of at least one of each scallop in the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters.

The apparatus includes an induction plate configured to be disposed as a template at a target site, and the induction plate includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern.

The scallop array is configured to align with the perforations in the guide plate. The scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin pixels are incised.

The scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin defects are formed.

The target site includes a donor site and a donor site.

A plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed according to the pattern.

The apparatus includes an adhesive substrate configured to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to the donor site and capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is adapted to be applied at the donor site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin pixels are incised.

The scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin defect is formed.

The guide plate is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability.

The guide plate comprises at least one of metal, plastic, polymer, and film material.

The guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site.

The guide plate is placed directly on the skin surface at the target site.

The guide plate is configured to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the perforations in response to an applied load.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load.

The apparatus includes a cutting member.

The incised skin pixels are transected by the cutting member.

The apparatus includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture the cut skin pixels.

The cutting member is coupled to the frame.

The frame is coupled to the guide plate, and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop device.

The adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame. The incised skin pixels include pores.

The skin defect part is configured to cause renal vascularization in the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

The skin defect part is configured to cause a wound healing response within the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

An embodiment includes a device, the device including a housing including a scallop device, wherein the scallop device comprises a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, And may be deployed from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site.

An embodiment includes an apparatus including a housing including a scallop device. The scallop apparatus includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern. The plurality of scallops may be deployed from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site.

An embodiment includes a system including a control device including a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end includes an actuator mechanism, and the distal end includes a receiving portion. And a scraper device configured to be removably coupled to the receiving portion of the control device. A scallop apparatus includes a scallop array and a substrate including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate. The substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to deploy in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. The plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment.

An embodiment includes a system, wherein the system includes a control device including a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end including an actuator mechanism and the distal end including a receiving portion. And a scaffold arrangement configured to be removably coupled to the receiving portion of the control device, wherein the scallop apparatus includes a scallop array and a substrate, the scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate, Wherein the scallop is configured to deploy in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism and the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target site upon deployment.

The proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site. The target site includes a donor site, and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site.

The system includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site and deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site.

The adhesive substrate is adapted to be applied at the donor site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The adhesive substrate is configured to apply cut skin pixels to the skin defect at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is configured to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is configured to insert each cut skin pixel into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site.

The system includes one or more bandages for application at the target site.

One or more bandages are configured to apply a force to suture the target site.

One or more bandages are configured to apply a directional force to control the direction of the seal at the target site.

Wherein the at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at the donor site.

Wherein the at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at a delivery site.

The system includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The scallop device is configured to include an adhesive substrate.

The adhesive substrate includes a flexible substrate.

The adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus and retracted to the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is retracted into the scallop apparatus in response to release of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop device is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop array is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop device is configured to be disposable.

The scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization.

The control device is configured to be disposable.

The control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization.

The system includes a template configured to be placed at a target site.

The scallop device is configured to be aligned with the template.

The template is arranged on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes an indicator on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern and includes a guide plate configured for placement at a target site.

The scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop device.

Scallop arrays are disposable.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is oval.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape.

Each scallop of one or more scallops includes an oblique surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes at least one sharp surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes one or more needles.

The at least one needle includes one or more needles including a plurality of points.

The scallop array forms an incised skin pixel using at least one of puncture force, impact force, and rotational force.

The scallop array uses radio frequency (RF) energy to form excised skin pixels.

The scallop array uses vibrational energy to form excised skin pixels. One or more scallops of the scallop array include through orifices.

The diameter dimension of at least one of each scallop in the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters.

The system includes a vibrating component.

The vibrating component is coupled to the control device.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scaffold device through the control device.

The vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the control device and the scaffold device.

The low pressure area is configured to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The system includes a radio frequency (RF) component.

The RF component is configured to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the control device.

The RF component is configured to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the control device.

The RF component is configured to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device.

The RF component is configured to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device.

The RF component is coupled to the control device.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device via a control device.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold array through a control device.

The RF component is coupled to one or more scafflit of the scaffold array.

The RF component is coupled to one or more scafflites of the scaffold array via a control device.

The system includes a vibrating component coupled to at least one of the control device and the scaffold device, and a radio frequency (RF) component coupled to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the control device.

The vibrating element is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the scaffolding device and the control device.

The RF component is configured to provide energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the control device.

Energy includes at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

The system includes an induction plate configured to position the template at the target site, wherein the induction plate includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern.

The scallop array is configured to align with the perforations in the guide plate.

The scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin pixels are incised.

The scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin defects are formed.

The target site includes a donor site and a donor site.

A plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed according to the pattern.

The system includes an adhesive substrate configured to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site and capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site.

The adhesive substrate is adapted to be applied at the donor site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin pixels are incised.

The scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin defect is formed.

The guide plate is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability.

The guide plate comprises at least one of metal, plastic, polymer, and film material.

The guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site.

The guide plate is placed directly on the skin surface at the target site.

The guide plate is configured to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the perforations in response to an applied load.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load.

The system includes a cutting member.

The incised skin pixels are transected by the cutting member.

And an adhesive substrate configured to capture the cut skin pixels.

The cutting member is coupled to the frame.

The frame is coupled to the guide plate, and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop device.

The adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame.

The incised skin pixels include pores.

The skin defect part is configured to cause renal vascularization in the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

The skin defect part is configured to cause a wound healing response within the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

An embodiment includes a system including a control device. The system includes a scraper device removably coupled to the control device. The scallop apparatus includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein the plurality of scallops form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target site, Retracted.

An embodiment includes a system including a control device including an actuator mechanism, and a scallop device configured to be removably coupled to the control device. A scallop apparatus includes a scallop array and a substrate including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern. The substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to perform at least one of deploying and retracting in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. The plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment.

Embodiments include a system including a housing configured to include a scaffolding device, and a vibrating component configured to form a low pressure zone at a location adjacent the scaffolding device. A scaffold apparatus includes a scaffold array and a substrate, wherein the scaffold array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate, the substrate and the plurality of scallops retract into the housing and are configured to deploy from the housing , The plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment.

Embodiments include a system including a housing configured to include a scraper device. The scallop apparatus includes a substrate and a scallop array. The scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate. The substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to expand from the housing and retract into the housing. The plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment. The system includes a vacuum component configured to form a low pressure zone at a location adjacent the scaffold device.

An embodiment includes a system including a housing configured to include a scaffolding device, the scaffolding device including a substrate and a scalloped array, the scalloped array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate, Wherein the substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to be deployed from the housing and retracted into the housing, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > a < / RTI > low pressure zone.

The vibrating component is coupled to the housing.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing.

The vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within the housing.

The low pressure area is configured to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The housing is removably coupled to the receiving portion.

The receiving portion is a component of the control device.

The control device includes a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end including an actuator mechanism, and the distal end including a receiving portion.

The scallop array is configured to be deployed in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus and retracted to the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is retracted into the scallop apparatus in response to release of the actuator mechanism.

The control device is configured to be disposable.

The control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization.

The system includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The scallop device is configured to include an adhesive substrate.

The housing is configured to include an adhesive substrate.

The adhesive substrate includes a flexible substrate.

The adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film.

The system includes a radio frequency (RF) component.

The RF component is configured to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scaffold array.

The RF component is configured to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array.

The RF component is configured to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scallop device and the scallop array.

The RF component is configured to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop device and the scallop array.

The RF component is coupled to the housing.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device through the housing.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array through the housing.

The RF component is coupled to one or more scafflit of the scaffold array.

The RF component is coupled to the at least one scaffold of the scaffold array through the housing.

The housing is removably coupled to the control device, and the RF component is coupled to the control device.

The system includes a target site with a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect site at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect site at the donor site.

And an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site and deliver the plurality of cut skin pixels to the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is adapted to be applied at the donor site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The adhesive substrate is configured to apply cut skin pixels to the skin defect at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is configured to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is configured to insert each cut skin pixel into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site.

The system includes one or more bandages for application at the target site.

One or more bandages are configured to apply a force to suture the target site.

One or more bandages are configured to apply a directional force to control the direction of the seal at the target site.

Wherein the at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at the donor site.

Wherein the at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at a delivery site.

The scallop device is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop array is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop device is configured to be disposable.

The scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization.

The system includes a template configured to be placed at a target site.

The scallop device is configured to be aligned with the template.

The scallop array is configured to align with the template.

The template is arranged on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes an indicator on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern and includes a guide plate configured for placement at a target site.

The scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop device.

The scallop array is configured to be disposable.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is oval.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape.

Each scallop of one or more scallops includes an oblique surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes at least one sharp surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes one or more needles.

The at least one needle includes one or more needles including a plurality of points.

The scallop array forms an incised skin pixel using at least one of puncture force, impact force, and rotational force.

The scallop array uses radio frequency (RF) energy to form excised skin pixels.

The scallop array uses vibrational energy to form excised skin pixels.

One or more scallops of the scallop array include through orifices.

The diameter dimension of at least one of each scallop in the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters.

And an induction plate configured to be arranged as a template at the target site, the induction plate comprising perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern.

The scallop array is configured to align with the perforations in the guide plate.

The scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin pixels are incised.

The scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin defects are formed.

The target site includes a donor site and a donor site.

A plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed according to the pattern.

And an adhesive substrate configured to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to the donor site and capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site.

The adhesive substrate is adapted to be applied at the donor site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin pixels are incised.

The scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin defect is formed.

The guide plate is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability.

The guide plate comprises at least one of metal, plastic, polymer, and film material.

The guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site.

The guide plate is placed directly on the skin surface at the target site.

The guide plate is configured to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the perforations in response to an applied load.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load.

The system includes a cutting member.

The incised skin pixels are transected by the cutting member.

The system includes an adhesive substrate configured to capture incised skin pixels.

The cutting member is coupled to the frame.

The frame is coupled to the guide plate, and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop device.

The adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame.

The incised skin pixels include pores.

The skin defect part is configured to cause renal vascularization in the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

The skin defect part is configured to cause a wound healing response within the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

Embodiments include a system including a housing including a scaffold device. The scallop apparatus includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern. A plurality of scallops are deployable from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site. The system includes a vacuum component configured to form a low pressure zone at a location adjacent the scaffold device.

An embodiment includes a system, wherein the system includes a housing including a scallop device, wherein the scallop device includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, Wherein the system comprises a vacuum component configured to form a low pressure area at a location adjacent the scalloping device, the system being deployable from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the site.

An embodiment includes the steps of disposing a housing including a scaffold device at a target site, wherein the scaffold device includes a substrate and a scallop array, and the scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate - deploying the scalloped array from the housing into tissue at the target site and forming a plurality of dissected skin pixels at the target site, and retracting the scalloped array from the target site into the housing.

Embodiments include arranging a housing including a scallop device at a target location. The scallop apparatus includes a substrate and a scallop array. The scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate. The method includes forming a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site and deploying the scallop array from the housing into the tissue at the target site. The method includes retracting the scalloped array from the target site into the housing.

An embodiment includes a method, the method comprising: placing a housing including a scallop device at a target site, the scallop device including a substrate and a scallop array, the scallop array being arranged - deploying the scalloped array from the housing into tissue at the target site and forming a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site, and withdrawing the scalloped array from the target site into the housing .

The method includes coupling the housing to a receiving portion that is a component of the control device.

The control device includes a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end including an actuator mechanism, and the distal end including a receiving portion.

The deploying step includes deploying the scallop array in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The retracting step includes retracting the scallop array in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held.

The retracting step includes retracting the scallop array in response to the release of the actuator mechanism.

The method includes separating the scallop device from the receiving portion and disposing the scallop device.

The method includes performing at least one of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of the control device.

The method includes capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels using an adhesive substrate.

The scallop device includes an adhesive substrate.

The housing is configured to include an adhesive substrate.

The adhesive substrate includes a flexible substrate.

The adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film.

The method includes collecting a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The collecting step includes extracting a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The collecting includes forming a low pressure zone in at least one of the housing and the scallop apparatus.

The step of forming the low pressure zone includes using a vibrating component.

The vibrating component is coupled to the housing.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device.

The vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing.

The housing is removably coupled to the control device, and the vibrating component is coupled to the control device.

The step of forming a plurality of cut skin pixels comprises providing energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus, the scallop array and the housing.

The step of providing energy includes using a radio frequency (RF) component.

The energy includes at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

The step of providing energy includes providing thermal energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus.

The step of providing energy includes providing vibrational energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus.

The step of providing energy includes providing rotational energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus.

The step of providing energy includes providing acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus.

The RF component is coupled to the housing.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device.

The RF component is coupled to the scaffold device through the housing.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array.

The RF component is coupled to the scallop array through the housing.

The RF component is coupled to one or more scafflit of the scaffold array.

The RF component is coupled to the at least one scaffold of the scaffold array through the housing.

The housing is removably coupled to the control device, and the RF component is coupled to the control device.

The method includes collecting a plurality of cut skin pixels using a vibrating component, wherein forming the plurality of cut skin pixels comprises using radio frequency (RF) energy.

The vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the scaffold device and the housing.

The RF component is configured to provide energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the housing.

The energy includes at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect site at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site.

The method includes capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels using an adhesive substrate and delivering a plurality of cut skin pixels to a given site.

The method includes an adhesive substrate that maintains the relative disposition of a plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery to a donor site.

The method includes applying a plurality of cut skin pixels from an adhesive substrate to a skin defect portion at a given region.

The method includes aligning a skin defect and a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site using an adhesive substrate.

The method includes inserting each cut skin pixel from the adhesive substrate into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site.

The method includes applying at least one bandage at the target site.

Applying one or more bandages includes applying a force to suture the target site.

Applying the at least one bandage includes applying a directional force to control the direction of the seal at the target site.

Applying one or more bandages comprises applying a first bandage at the donor site.

Applying the at least one bandage comprises applying a second bandage at the award site.

The step of forming a plurality of incised skin pixels comprises delivering a load through a scraper device to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The step of forming a plurality of incised skin pixels comprises delivering a load through a scallop array to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The scallop device is configured to be disposable.

The scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization.

The method includes placing a template on a target site.

The method includes aligning the template and the scaffold device.

The method includes aligning the template and the scaled array.

The disposing step includes disposing a template on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes an indicator on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern and includes a guide plate configured for placement at a target site.

The method includes removably coupling the scallop array to the scallop apparatus.

Scallop arrays are disposable.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is oval.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape.

Each scallop of one or more scallops includes an oblique surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes at least one sharp surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes one or more needles.

The at least one needle includes one or more needles including a plurality of points.

The step of forming a plurality of cut skin pixels comprises forming using at least one of puncture force, impact force and rotational force.

The step of forming a plurality of cut skin pixels comprises forming using radio frequency (RF) energy.

The step of forming a plurality of cut skin pixels comprises forming using vibrational energy.

One or more scallops of the scallop array include through orifices.

The diameter dimension of at least one of each scallop in the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters.

The method includes placing a guide plate as a template at a target site, wherein the guide plate includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern.

The method includes aligning the apertures and the scallop arrays within the guide plate.

The method includes applying a scallop array to the donor site through a perforation in the guide plate, wherein a plurality of cut skin pixels are incised.

The method includes applying a scallop array to a donor site through a perforation in the guide plate, wherein a plurality of incised skin defects are formed.

The target site includes a donor site and a donor site.

The method includes forming a plurality of skin defects and a plurality of cut skin pixels according to the pattern.

The method includes capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site using an adhesive substrate and delivering a plurality of cut skin pixels to the donor site.

The method comprises applying at the delivery site and maintaining the relative placement of a plurality of cut skin pixels in the delivery with the adhesive substrate during delivery.

The method includes the step of applying the scallop array to the donor site through the incision of the skin pixel and through the perforation.

The method includes forming a skin defect and applying the scallop array to the direct site through the perforations.

The guide plate is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability.

The guide plate comprises at least one of metal, plastic, polymer, and film material.

The guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site.

The method includes positioning the guide plate directly on the skin surface at the target site.

The method includes extruding a plurality of cut skin pixels using a guide plate.

The method includes extruding a plurality of cut skin pixels through a perforation in response to an applied load.

The method includes extruding a plurality of cut skin pixels through an incised skin surface in response to an applied load.

The method includes forming the plurality of incised skin pixels by incision using a cutting member.

The method includes crosscutting the cut skin pixels using a cutting member.

The method includes capturing the cut skin pixels into an adhesive substrate.

The cutting member is coupled to the frame.

The frame is coupled to the guide plate, and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop device.

The adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame.

The incised skin pixels include pores.

The method includes using a skin defect to induce renal vascularization within an incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

The method includes using a skin defect to induce a wound healing response within the incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

An embodiment includes a method, and the method includes forming a coupling between a scallop device and a control device, wherein the control device includes an actuator, and the scallop device includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, - aligning the scaffold device at the target site, and forming a plurality of skin defects and a plurality of cut skin pixels by deploying the scallop array into the tissue at the target site, the scallop array And deployed in response to actuation of the actuator.

An embodiment includes a method, and the method includes forming a coupling between a scallop device and a control device, wherein the control device includes an actuator, and the scallop device includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, - aligning the scaffold device at the target site, and forming a plurality of skin defects and a plurality of cut skin pixels by deploying the scallop array into the tissue at the target site, the scallop array And deployed in response to actuation of the actuator.

An embodiment includes a method, the method comprising the steps of: placing a housing at a target site, the housing including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, a scallop array Forming a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site when the target site is at the donor site, forming a plurality of skin defects at the target site when the target site is at the donor site, And collecting the skin pixels.

An embodiment includes a method, the method comprising the steps of: placing a housing at a target site, the housing including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, the scallop array Forming a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site when the target site is at the donor site, forming a plurality of skin defects at the target site when the target site is at the donor site, And collecting the incised skin pixels.

An embodiment includes a method comprising:

Disposing a housing on a donor site, the housing including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern,

Expanding the scallop array into tissue at the donor site and forming a plurality of cut skin pixels,

Capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site and delivering cut skin pixels to the recipient,

Placing a housing at a donor site, placing a scallop array in tissue at the donor site and forming a plurality of skin defects, and

And applying a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site to the skin defect.

An embodiment includes a method comprising:

Disposing a housing on a donor site, the housing including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern,

Expanding the scallop array into tissue at the donor site and forming a plurality of cut skin pixels,

Capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site and delivering cut skin pixels to the recipient,

Placing a housing at a donor site, placing a scallop array in tissue at the donor site and forming a plurality of skin defects, and

And applying a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site to the skin defect.

An embodiment includes a method,

Configuring the housing to include a scallop device, and configuring the scallop device to include a substrate and a scallop array, wherein the scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on the substrate Wherein the substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to be deployed from the housing and retracted into the housing, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment.

An embodiment includes a method,

Configuring the housing to include a scallop device, and configuring the scallop device to include a substrate and a scallop array, wherein the scallop array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on the substrate Wherein the substrate and the plurality of scallops are configured to be deployed from the housing and retracted into the housing, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment.

The method includes configuring the housing to be removably coupled to the receiving portion.

The receiving portion is a component of the control device.

The method includes configuring the controller to include a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the proximal end includes an actuator mechanism and the distal end includes a receiving portion.

The method includes configuring the scallop array to be deployed in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism.

The method includes configuring the proximal end of the control device to be hand-held.

The method includes configuring a scaffold device, wherein the scallop array is deployed from the scaffold device and retracted into the scaffold device in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism.

The method includes configuring a scaffold device, wherein the scallop array is deployed from the scaffold device and retracted into the scaffold device in response to release of the actuator mechanism.

The method includes configuring the control device to be disposable.

The method includes configuring the control device to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization.

The method includes configuring the adhesive substrate to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The method includes configuring the scaffold apparatus to include an adhesive substrate.

The method includes configuring the housing to include an adhesive substrate.

The adhesive substrate includes a flexible substrate.

The adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film.

The method includes configuring at least one of a housing, a scallop apparatus, and a scallop array for use with a vacuum component.

The method includes configuring the housing to couple to a vacuum component.

The method includes configuring the scaffold device to couple to a vacuum component for attachment to the scaffold device.

The method includes configuring the scallop device to be coupled to the vacuum component through the housing.

The method includes configuring at least one of the scaffold apparatus and the control apparatus to include a low-pressure zone.

The method includes constructing a low-pressure zone to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels.

The method includes configuring the housing to be removably coupled to the control device, wherein the vacuum component is coupled to the control device.

The method includes configuring at least one of a housing, a scallop apparatus, and a scallop array for use with a radio frequency (RF) component.

The method includes configuring the RF component to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scaffold array.

The method includes configuring the RF component to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array.

The method includes configuring the RF component to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array.

The method includes configuring the RF component to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array.

The method includes coupling an RF component to the housing. The method includes combining RF components into the scallop.

The method includes coupling an RF component to a scaffold device through the housing.

The method includes coupling an RF component to the scallop array.

The method includes coupling the RF component to the scalp array through the housing.

The method includes coupling the RF component to one or more scaffolds of the scaffold array.

The method includes coupling an RF component to at least one scaffold of the scaffold array through the housing.

The method includes configuring the housing to be removably coupled to the control device, wherein the RF component is coupled to the control device.

The method includes coupling a vacuum component to at least one of the scaffold device and the housing and coupling the radio frequency (RF) component to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the housing.

The method includes configuring at least one of a housing and a scallop apparatus to include a low pressure zone.

The method includes configuring at least one of a scaffold device, a scallop array, and a housing to receive energy from an RF component.

The energy includes at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect site at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site.

The target site includes a donor site, and an incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site.

The method includes capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site and constructing the adhesive substrate to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to the donor site.

The method includes maintaining the relative placement of a plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery to the delivery site and configuring the adhesive substrate to be applied at the delivery site.

The method includes constructing the adhesive substrate to apply cut skin pixels to the skin defect at the donor site.

The method includes configuring the adhesive substrate to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at the donor site.

The method includes configuring the adhesive substrate to insert each cut skin pixel into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site.

The method includes constructing one or more bandages for application at a target site.

The method includes constructing one or more bandages to apply a force for suturing at a target site.

The method includes configuring the at least one bandage to apply a directional force to control the direction of the seal at the target site.

The at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at the donor site.

The at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at the award site.

The method includes configuring a scallop device to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The method comprises constructing a scallop array to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load.

The method includes configuring the scallop device to be disposable.

The method includes configuring the scraper device to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization.

The method includes constructing a template to be disposed at a target site.

The method includes configuring the scallop device to be aligned with the template.

The method includes configuring the scallop array to be aligned with the template.

The template is on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes an indicator on the skin surface at the target site.

The template includes a perforation arranged in a predetermined pattern and includes a guide plate configured for placement at a target site.

The scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop device.

Scallop arrays are disposable.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is oval.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular.

The shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape.

Each scallop of one or more scallops includes an oblique surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes at least one sharp surface.

Each scallop of the plurality of scallops includes one or more needles.

The at least one needle includes one or more needles including a plurality of points.

The method includes configuring the scallop array to form cut skin pixels using at least one of puncture force, impact force, and rotational force.

The method includes configuring the scallop array to form cut skin pixels using radio frequency (RF) energy.

The method includes constructing the scallop array to form cut skin pixels using vibrational energy.

One or more scallops of the scallop array include through orifices.

The diameter dimension of at least one of each scallop in the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters.

The method includes constructing an induction plate for placement as a template at a target site at a target site, wherein the induction plate includes perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern.

The method includes configuring the scallop array to align with the perforations in the guide plate.

The method includes configuring the scallop array to be applied to the donor site through perforations in the guide plate, wherein the plurality of skin pixels are incised.

The method comprises constructing a scallop array to be applied to a donor site through a perforation in an induction plate, wherein a plurality of skin defects are formed.

The target site includes a donor site and a donor site.

A plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed according to a predetermined pattern.

The method includes delivering a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site and configuring the adhesive substrate to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site.

The method includes applying the adhesive at the donor site and constructing the adhesive substrate to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery.

The method includes constructing the scallop array to be applied directly to the donor site through the perforations to incise the skin pixels.

The method comprises constructing the scallop array to be applied directly to the donor site through the perforations to form a skin defect.

The method includes constructing the guide plate such that it is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability.

The method includes configuring the guide plate to include at least one of metal, plastic, polymer, and film material.

The method includes configuring the guide plate to transfer a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site.

The method includes configuring the guide plate to be disposed directly on the skin surface at the target site.

The method includes constructing an induction plate to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels.

Wherein the plurality of skin pixels comprise extruding through the perforations in response to an applied load.

A plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load.

The method includes configuring at least one of a housing, a scallop apparatus, and a scallop array using a cutting member.

The incised skin pixels are transected by the cutting member.

The method includes configuring the adhesive substrate to capture an incised skin pixel.

The method includes configuring the cutting member to engage the frame. The frame is coupled to the guide plate, and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop device.

The method includes configuring the adhesive substrate to bond to at least one of the frame and the guide plate.

The incised skin pixels include pores.

The method includes constructing a skin defect site to induce renal vascular formation within an incised skin pixel inserted at the donor site.

The method includes constructing a skin defect portion to cause a wound healing response in response to the incised skin pixels inserted at the donor site.

Embodiments include a method comprising configuring a housing to include a scallop device.

The method includes configuring a scallop device to include a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern.

The plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site and to be deployed from the housing.

An embodiment includes a method, the method comprising:

Configuring the housing to include a scallop device, and

The method comprising configuring a scallop device to include a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target site and to be deployed from the housing .

Embodiments include a method comprising configuring a control device to include a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end includes an actuator. The method includes configuring the housing to include a scallop device for removable engagement at a distal end of the control device. The method includes configuring a scallop device to include a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern. A plurality of scallops are deployed from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment.

An embodiment includes a method comprising configuring a control device to include a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end including an actuator, for removable engagement at a distal end of the control device, And configuring the scaffold array to include a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to include a plurality of scallops on the target site Is developed from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels.

It is to be understood that, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, throughout the description, the words "comprising," "including," etc. should be interpreted in a generic sense as opposed to an exclusive or exclusive meaning, . Words using singular or plural forms may also include plural or singular forms. In addition, the terms "herein," "below," "below," and similar terms, as used herein, refer to the entirety of this specification and any of the specific Quot; portion " When the word "or" is used with reference to a list of two or more items, the word includes all of the following interpretations: any of the items in the list, all items in the list and any combination of the items in the list.

The description of the above embodiments does not limit the system and method to the exact form disclosed. For example, although specific embodiments of medical devices and methods are described herein for illustrative purposes, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various equivalent variations are possible within the scope of systems and methods. The teachings of the medical devices and methods provided herein may be applied to other systems and methods as well as the systems and methods described above.

The elements and acts of the various embodiments described above may be combined to provide additional embodiments. These and other modifications may be made to the medical device and method with reference to the above detailed description.

In general, in the following claims, the terms used should not be construed as limiting the medical devices and methods and corresponding systems and methods to the specific embodiments disclosed in the specification and claims, including all systems operating under the claims It should not be interpreted. Accordingly, the medical devices and methods and corresponding systems and methods are not limited by the present disclosure, and the scope is entirely determined by the claims.

Although specific embodiments of the medical devices and methods and corresponding systems and methods are provided below in the form of specific claims, the inventors contemplate various aspects of the medical devices and methods and corresponding systems and methods in any number of claim forms . Accordingly, the inventors of the present invention have the right to add additional claims after filing the application to pursue these additional claim forms with respect to the medical apparatus and methods and other aspects of the corresponding systems and methods.

Claims (411)

An apparatus comprising a housing configured to include a scallop device,
A scallop apparatus includes a substrate and a scallop array, the scallop array including a substrate and a scallop array, the scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged on the substrate, wherein the substrate and the plurality of scallops Wherein the scalp is configured to expand from the housing and retract into the housing, wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the receiving portion. The device according to claim 2, wherein the receiving portion is a component of the control device. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the control device comprises a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end comprising an actuator mechanism and the distal end comprising a receiving portion. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the scallop array is configured to deploy in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the scallop apparatus is configured such that the scallop array is deployed from the scallop apparatus and retracted to the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the scallop device is configured to deploy from the scallop device in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein the scallop device is configured to retract the scallop array into the scallop device in response to release of the actuator mechanism. 5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the control device is configured to be disposable. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, sterilizing, and sterilizing. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the scaffold apparatus is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the housing is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a flexible substrate. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a vibrating component. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the housing. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the control apparatus and the scaffold apparatus. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the low pressure zone is configured to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the control device, and the vibrating component is coupled to the control device. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a radio frequency (RF) component. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is configured to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus and the scallop array. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is configured to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus and the scallop array. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is configured to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus and the scallop array. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is configured to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop device and the scallop array. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to the housing. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop device. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scaffold device through the housing. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop array. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scalp array through the housing. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to at least one scalp of the scallop array. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the RF component is coupled to the at least one scaffold of the scalp array through the housing. 25. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the control device and the RF component is coupled to the control device. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a vibrating component coupled to at least one of the housing and the scalloping assembly, and a radio frequency (RF) component coupled to at least one of the scallop assembly, the scallop array, and the housing. 38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the scaffold apparatus and the housing. 38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the RF component is configured to provide energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the housing. 40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the energy comprises at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site. 43. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixels form a skin defect at the donor site. 44. The apparatus of claim 43, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site and deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site. 45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the adhesive substrate is adapted to apply at the dispensing site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery. 45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to apply cut skin pixels to a skin defect at a donor site. 45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at a donor site. 48. The apparatus of claim 47, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to insert each cut skin pixel into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site. 44. The apparatus of claim 43, comprising at least one bandage for application at a target site. 50. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein the at least one bandage is configured to apply a force to suture the target site. 50. The apparatus of claim 49, wherein the at least one bandage is configured to apply a directional force to control the direction of the seal at the target site. 52. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein the at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at a donor site. 52. The apparatus of claim 51, wherein the at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at a delivery site. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the scallop device is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop array is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop device is disposable. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a template configured to be disposed at a target site. 59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the scallop device is configured to be aligned with the template. 59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the scallop array is configured to align with a template. 59. The apparatus of claim 58, wherein the template is arranged on a skin surface at a target site. 62. The apparatus of claim 61, wherein the template comprises an indicator on a skin surface at a target site. 62. The apparatus of claim 61, wherein the template comprises perforations arranged in a pattern and comprises an induction plate configured for placement at a target site. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop apparatus. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop array is disposable. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the shape of each scallop of the scallop array is elliptical. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the at least one scallop includes an oblique surface. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises at least one pointed surface. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises at least one needle. 73. The apparatus of claim 72, wherein the at least one needle comprises at least one needle comprising a plurality of points. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop array forms at least one of the skin pixels using the puncture force, impact force, and rotational force. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop array uses radio frequency (RF) energy to form cut skin pixels. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the scallop array uses vibrational energy to form incised skin pixels. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one scaffold of the scallop array comprises a through orifice. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one diameter dimension of each scallop of the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising an induction plate configured to be arranged as a template at a target site, the induction plate comprising perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern. 80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the scallop array is configured to align with the perforations in the guide plate. 80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site through a perforation in the guide plate and a plurality of skin pixels are incised. 83. The apparatus of claim 81, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site through a perforation in the guide plate and a plurality of skin defects are formed. 83. The apparatus of claim 82, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a donor site. 83. The apparatus of claim 82, wherein a plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed in accordance with the pattern. 83. The apparatus of claim 82, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site and capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site. 92. The apparatus of claim 85, wherein the adhesive substrate is adapted to apply at the dispensing site and to maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery. 83. The apparatus of claim 82, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site directly through the perforation and the skin pixels are incised. 83. The apparatus of claim 82, wherein the scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations to form a skin defect. 80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the guide plate is at least one of adherence, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability. 80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the guide plate comprises at least one of a metal, a plastic, a polymer, and a film material. 80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site. 80. The apparatus of claim 79, wherein the guide plate is disposed directly on the skin surface at the target site. 92. The apparatus of claim 92, wherein the guide plate is configured to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels. 93. The apparatus of claim 93, wherein the plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the perforations in response to an applied load. 93. The apparatus of claim 93, wherein the plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load. 2. The apparatus of claim 1 including a cutting member. 96. The apparatus of claim 96, wherein the incised skin pixels are transversely cut by a cutting member. 98. The apparatus of claim 97, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture incised skin pixels. 98. The apparatus of claim 98, wherein the cutting member is coupled to the frame. 102. The apparatus of claim 99, wherein the frame is coupled to the guide plate and the guide plate is configured as an guide to the scallop apparatus. 102. The apparatus of claim 99, wherein the adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the incised skin pixels comprise pores. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the skin defect is configured to cause renal vascularization within an incised skin pixel inserted at a donor site. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the skin defect portion is configured to cause a wound healing response within an incised skin pixel inserted at a donor site. An apparatus comprising a housing including a scallop device,
A scallop apparatus includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein the plurality of scallops can be deployed from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target site. A control device including a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end including an actuator mechanism, the distal end including a receiving portion, and
And a scaffold arrangement configured to be removably coupled to a receiving portion of the control device, wherein the scallop apparatus includes a scallop array and a substrate, the scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate, Wherein the scallop is configured to deploy in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism and wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target site upon deployment. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixels form a skin defect at a donor site. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site. 109. The system of claim 109, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixels form a skin defect at a donor site. 112. The system of claim 110 comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site and deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site. 111. The system of claim 111, wherein the adhesive substrate is adapted to apply at the donor site and maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery. 111. The system of claim 111, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to apply cut skin pixels to a skin defect at a donor site. 111. The system of claim 111, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at the donor site. 115. The system of claim 114, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to insert each cut skin pixel into a corresponding skin defect at a donor site. 112. The system of claim 110, comprising at least one bandage for application at a target site. 116. The system of claim 116, wherein the at least one bandage is configured to apply a force to suture the target site. 116. The system of claim 116, wherein the at least one bandage is configured to apply a directional force to control the seal direction at the target site. 121. The system of claim 118, wherein the at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at a donor site. 121. The system of claim 118, wherein the at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at a delivery site. 107. The system of claim 106, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels. 124. The system of claim 121, wherein the scaffold apparatus is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 124. The system of claim 121, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a flexible substrate. 126. The system of claim 121, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop device is configured to be deployed from the scallop device and retracted to the scallop device in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop apparatus is configured to deploy the scallop array from the scallop apparatus in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. 126. The system of claim 126, wherein the scallop device is configured to retract into the scallop device in response to release of the actuator mechanism. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop device is configured to transmit a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop array is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 114. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop device is disposable. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. 114. The system of claim 106, wherein the control device is configured to be disposable. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. 107. The system of claim 106, comprising a template configured to be placed at a target site. 136. The system of claim 134, wherein the scallop device is configured to be aligned with the template. 134. The system of claim 134, wherein the scallop array is configured to be aligned with a template. 134. The system of claim 134, wherein the template is arranged on the skin surface at the target site. 143. The system of claim 137, wherein the template comprises an indicator on a skin surface at a target site. 143. The system of claim 137, wherein the template comprises a perforation arranged in a pattern and comprises a guide plate configured for placement at a target site. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop device. 106. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop array is disposable. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is elliptical. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein each scallop of the at least one scaffold comprises an oblique surface. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises at least one pointed surface. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises one or more needles. 139. The system of claim 148, wherein the at least one needle comprises one or more needles comprising a plurality of points. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop array forms at least one of the puncture force, impact force, and rotational force to create an incised skin pixel. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop array forms radioactive frequency (RF) energy to create cut skin pixels. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the scallop array uses vibrational energy to form incised skin pixels. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the at least one scaffold of the scallop array comprises a through orifice. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the at least one diameter dimension of each scallop of the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters. 114. The system of claim 106 including a vibrating component. 148. The system of claim 155, wherein the vibration component is coupled to the control device. 151. The system of claim 155, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device. 151. The system of claim 155, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device via a control device. 151. The system of claim 155, wherein the vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the control device and the scaffold device. 155. The system of claim 159, wherein the low pressure zone is configured to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels. 114. The system of claim 106, comprising a radio frequency (RF) component. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is configured to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the control device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is configured to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scaffold device, the scallop array, and the control device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is configured to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus, the scallop array, and the control apparatus. 169. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is configured to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop device, the scallop array, and the control device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to the control device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scalp device via a control device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to a scalp array. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scalp array via a control device. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to one or more scalpels of the scalp array. 154. The system of claim 161, wherein the RF component is coupled to the one or more scafflites of the scalp array via a control device. 114. The system of claim 106, further comprising: a vibrating component coupled to at least one of the control device and the scaffold device, and a radio frequency (RF) component coupled to at least one of the scallop device, the scallop array, . 173. The system of claim 173, wherein the vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the scaffold apparatus and the control apparatus. 173. The system of claim 173, wherein the RF component is configured to provide energy to at least one of a scaffold device, a scallop array, and a control device. 173. The system of claim 175, wherein the energy comprises at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy. 107. The system of claim 106, comprising an induction plate configured to position a template at a target site, wherein the induction plate comprises perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern. 179. The system of claim 177, wherein the scallop array is configured to align with the perforations in the guide plate. 179. The system of claim 177, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site through a perforation in the guide plate and a plurality of skin pixels are incised. 179. The system of claim 179, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin defects are formed. 190. The system of claim 180, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a donor site. 198. The system of claim 180, wherein a plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed according to the pattern. 202. The system of claim 180, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site and capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site. 190. The system of claim 183, wherein the adhesive substrate is adapted to apply at the dispensing site and maintain relative placement of a plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery. 190. The system of claim 180, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site directly through the perforations and the skin pixels are incised. 190. The system of claim 180, wherein the scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin defect is formed. 173. The system of claim 177, wherein the guide plate is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability. 179. The system of claim 177, wherein the guide plate comprises at least one of a metal, a plastic, a polymer, and a film material. 179. The system of claim 177, wherein the guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site. 179. The system of claim 177, wherein the guide plate is disposed directly on the skin surface at the target site. 203. The system of claim 190, wherein the guide plate is configured to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels. 190. The system of claim 191, wherein the plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the perforations in response to an applied load. 193. The system of claim 191, wherein the plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load. 114. The system of claim 106 including a cutting member. 190. The system of claim 194, wherein the incised skin pixels are transected by a cutting member. 197. The system of claim 195 comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture incised skin pixels. 193. The system of claim 196, wherein the cutting member is coupled to the frame. 200. The system of claim 197, wherein the frame is coupled to the guide plate and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop apparatus. 200. The system of claim 197, wherein the adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the incised skin pixels comprise pores. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the skin defect portion is configured to cause neovascularization within an incised skin pixel inserted at a donor site. 107. The system of claim 106, wherein the skin defect portion is configured to cause a wound healing response within the incised skin pixels inserted at the donor site. Control device, and
And a scallop device removably coupled to the control device, wherein the scallop device includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, the plurality of scallops having a plurality of incised A skin pixel and is configured to be deployed and retracted in response to actuation by a control device. A control device including an actuator mechanism, and
A scallop device configured to be removably coupled to a control device, wherein the scallop device includes a scallop array and a substrate, the scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, the substrate and the plurality of scallops having an actuator mechanism Wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target site upon deployment. A housing configured to include a scallop device, and
A vibratory component configured to form a low pressure zone at a location adjacent the scallop apparatus,
A scaffold apparatus includes a scaffold array and a substrate, wherein the scaffold array includes a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate, the substrate and the plurality of scallops retract into the housing and are configured to deploy from the housing Wherein the plurality of scallops are configured to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site upon deployment. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the housing. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within the housing. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the low pressure zone is configured to extract a plurality of cut skin pixels. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the receiving portion. 213. The system of claim 211, wherein the receiving portion is a component of the control device. 215. The system of claim 212, wherein the control device includes a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end comprising an actuator mechanism, and the distal end comprising a receiving portion. 214. The system of claim 213, wherein the scallop array is configured to deploy in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism. 214. The system of claim 213, wherein the proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held. 216. The system of claim 213, wherein the scallop device is configured to be deployed from the scallop device and retracted to the scallop device in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. 214. The system of claim 213, wherein the scallop device is configured to deploy the scalloped array from the scallop device in response to actuation of the actuator mechanism. 219. The system of claim 217, wherein the scallop device is configured to retract the scallop array into the scallop device in response to release of the actuator mechanism. 214. The system of claim 213, wherein the control device is configured to be disposable. 216. The system of claim 213, wherein the control device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. 206. The system of claim 205, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels. 221. The system of claim 221, wherein the scarpet device is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 221. The system of claim 221, wherein the housing is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 221. The system of claim 221, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a flexible substrate. 221. The system of claim 221, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film. 222. The system of claim 221, comprising a radio frequency (RF) component. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is configured to provide thermal energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is configured to provide vibrational energy to at least one of the scaffold device and the scallop array. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is configured to provide rotational energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus and the scallop array. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is configured to provide acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop device and the scallop array. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to the housing. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop device. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scaffold device through the housing. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scalp array. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scalp array through the housing. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to one or more scalpels of the scalp array. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the RF component is coupled to the at least one scaffold of the scaffold array through the housing. 226. The system of claim 226, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the control device and the RF component is coupled to the control device. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixels form a skin defect at a donor site. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site. 240. The system of claim 240, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixels form a skin defect at a donor site. 241. The system of claim 241 comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site and deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site. 249. The system of claim 242, wherein the adhesive substrate is adapted to apply at the dispensing site and maintain the relative disposition of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery. 241. The system of claim 242, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to apply cut skin pixels to the skin defect at the donor site. 241. The system of claim 242, wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to align the skin defect and incised skin pixels at the donor site. 26. The system of claim 245 wherein the adhesive substrate is configured to insert each cut skin pixel into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site. 241. The system of claim 241 comprising at least one bandage for application at a target site. 247. The system of claim 247, wherein the at least one bandage is configured to apply a force to suture the target site. 249. The system of claim 247, wherein the at least one bandage is configured to apply a directional force to control the seal direction at the target site. 249. The system of claim 249, wherein the at least one bandage comprises a first bandage configured for application at a donor site. 249. The system of claim 249, wherein the at least one bandage comprises a second bandage configured for application at a delivery site. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop device is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop array is configured to deliver a load to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop device is disposable. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. 206. The system of claim 205 comprising a template configured to be placed at a target site. 256. The system of claim 256, wherein the scallop device is configured to be aligned with a template. 256. The system of claim 256, wherein the scintillator array is configured to be aligned with a template. 263. The system of claim 256, wherein the template is arranged on the skin surface at the target site. 259. The system of claim 259, wherein the template comprises an indicator on the skin surface at the target site. 259. The system of claim 259, wherein the template comprises a perforation arranged in a pattern and comprises a guide plate configured for placement at a target site. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop array is removably coupled to the scallop device. 203. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop array is disposable. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is elliptical. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular. 203. The system of claim 205, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein each scallop of the at least one scalp includes an oblique surface. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises at least one pointed surface. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises one or more needles. 27. The system of claim 270, wherein the at least one needle comprises one or more needles comprising a plurality of points. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop array forms at least one of the puncture force, impact force, and rotational force to create an incised skin pixel. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop array uses radio frequency (RF) energy to form incised skin pixels. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the scallop array uses vibrational energy to form incised skin pixels. 203. The system of claim 205, wherein the at least one scaffold of the scallop array comprises a through orifice. 203. The system of claim 205, wherein the at least one diameter dimension of each scallop of the scallop array is approximately 0.5 millimeter to 4.0 millimeters. 206. The system of claim 205, comprising an induction plate configured to be arranged as a template at a target site, wherein the induction plate comprises perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern. 273. The system of claim 277, wherein the scallop array is configured to align with the perforations in the guide plate. 278. The system of claim 277, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site through a perforation in the guide plate and a plurality of skin pixels are incised. 279. The system of claim 279, wherein the scallop array is applied to the donor site through the perforations in the guide plate and a plurality of skin defects are formed. 29. The system of claim 280, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a donor site. 29. The system of claim 280, wherein a plurality of cut skin pixels and a plurality of skin defects are formed according to the pattern. 29. The system of claim 280 comprising an adhesive substrate configured to deliver a plurality of cut skin pixels to a donor site and capture a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site. 298. The system of claim 283, wherein the adhesive substrate is adapted to apply at the donor site and to maintain relative placement of the plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery. 29. The system of claim 280, wherein the scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and the skin pixels are incised. 29. The system of claim 280, wherein the scallop array is applied directly to the donor site through the perforations and a skin defect is formed. 277. The system of claim 277, wherein the guide plate is at least one of adhesion, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability. 27. The system of claim 277, wherein the guide plate comprises at least one of a metal, a plastic, a polymer, and a film material. 278. The system of claim 277, wherein the guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site. 279. The system of claim 277, wherein the guide plate is disposed directly on the skin surface at the target site. 298. The system of claim 290, wherein the guide plate is configured to extrude a plurality of cut skin pixels. 29. The system of claim 291 wherein a plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the perforations in response to an applied load. 29. The system of claim 291 wherein a plurality of skin pixels are extruded through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load. 206. The system of claim 205 including a cutting member. 294. The system of claim 294 wherein the incised skin pixels are transected by a cutting member. 298. A system according to claim 295, comprising an adhesive substrate configured to capture incised skin pixels. 298. The system of claim 296, wherein the cutting member is coupled to the frame. 306. The system of claim 297, wherein the frame is coupled to the guide plate, and the guide plate is configured as a guide to the scallop apparatus. 298. The system of claim 297, wherein the adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame. 206. The system of claim 205, wherein the incised skin pixels comprise pores. 203. The system of claim 205, wherein the skin defect is configured to cause renal vascular formation within an incised skin pixel inserted at a donor site. 204. The system of claim 205, wherein the skin defect site is configured to cause a wound healing response within an incised skin pixel inserted at the site of the donation. A housing including a scallop device, and
A vibratory component configured to form a low pressure zone at a location adjacent the scallop apparatus,
A scallop apparatus includes a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern, wherein the plurality of scallops are deployable from the housing to form a plurality of cut skin pixels at a target location. Placing a housing including a scallop device at a target site, the scallop device including a substrate and a scallop array, the scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined shape on a substrate,
Developing a scallop array from the housing into tissue at the target site and forming a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site, and
And retracting the scalloped array from the target site into the housing. 41. The method of claim 304 comprising coupling the housing to a receiving portion that is a component of the control device. 302. The method of claim 305, wherein the control device comprises a proximal end and a distal end, the proximal end comprising an actuator mechanism, and the distal end comprising a receiving portion. 39. The method of claim 306, wherein the step of deploying includes deploying a scalp array in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism. 39. The method of claim 306, wherein the step of retracting comprises retracting the scallop array in response to actuation of an actuator mechanism. 39. The method of claim 306, wherein the step of retracting comprises retracting the scallop array in response to release of an actuator mechanism. 39. The method of claim 306, wherein the proximal end of the control device is configured to be hand-held. 39. The method of claim 306, comprising disengaging the scalloping device from the receiving portion and disposing the scalloping device. 39. The method of claim 306, comprising performing at least one of cleaning, disinfection and sterilization of the control device. 41. The method of claim 304, comprising capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels using an adhesive substrate. 313. The method of claim 313, wherein the scarpet device is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 313. The method of claim 313, wherein the housing is configured to include an adhesive substrate. 313. The method of claim 313, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a flexible substrate. 313. The method of claim 313, wherein the adhesive substrate comprises a semi-porous film. 41. The method of claim 304, comprising collecting a plurality of cut skin pixels. 318. The method of claim 318, wherein said collecting comprises extracting a plurality of cut skin pixels. 318. The method of claim 318, wherein said collecting comprises forming a low pressure zone in at least one of the housing and the scallop apparatus. 33. The method of claim 320, wherein the forming of the low pressure zone comprises utilizing a vibrating component. 321. The method of claim 321, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the housing. 321. The method of claim 321, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scraper device. 328. The method of claim 321, wherein the vibrating component is coupled to the scallop device through the housing. 321. The method of claim 321, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the control device and the vibrating component is coupled to the control device. 40. The method of claim 304, wherein forming the plurality of cut skin pixels comprises providing energy to at least one of the scallop apparatus, the scallop array, and the housing. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein providing energy comprises using a radio frequency (RF) component. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the energy comprises at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein providing energy comprises providing thermal energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein providing energy comprises providing vibrational energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein providing energy comprises providing rotational energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein providing energy comprises providing acoustic energy to at least one of the scallop array and the scallop apparatus. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to the housing. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop device. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scaffold device through the housing. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop array. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to the scallop array through the housing. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to one or more scaffolds of the scalp array. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the RF component is coupled to the at least one scaffold of the scaffold array through the housing. 327. The method of claim 327, wherein the housing is removably coupled to the control device and the RF component is coupled to the control device. 41. The method of claim 304, further comprising collecting a plurality of cut skin pixels using a vibrating component, wherein forming the plurality of cut skin pixels comprises using radio frequency (RF) energy Way. 343. The method of claim 341, wherein the vibrating component is configured to form a low pressure zone within at least one of the scaffold device and the housing. 341. The method of claim 341, wherein the RF component is configured to provide energy to at least one of the scallop device, the scallop array, and the housing. 343. The method of claim 343, wherein the energy comprises at least one of thermal energy, vibration energy, rotational energy, and acoustic energy. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixels form a skin defect at the donor site. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a plurality of cut skin pixels are collected at the donor site. 344. The method of claim 346, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and the incised skin pixel forms a skin defect at the donor site. 35. The method of claim 347, comprising capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels using an adhesive substrate and delivering a plurality of cut skin pixels to a given site. 348. The method of claim 348, comprising an adhesive substrate that maintains the relative disposition of a plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery to the delivery site. 35. The method of claim 348, comprising applying a plurality of cut skin pixels from the adhesive substrate to the skin defect at the donor site. 35. The method of claim 348, comprising aligning a skin defect and a plurality of cut skin pixels at a donor site using an adhesive substrate. 35. The method of claim 351, comprising inserting each cut skin pixel from the adhesive substrate into the corresponding skin defect at the donor site. 347. The method of claim 347, comprising applying at least one bandage at the target site. 354. The method of claim 353, wherein applying one or more bandages comprises applying a force to suture the target site. 354. The method of claim 353, wherein applying one or more bandages comprises applying a directional force to control the direction of the seal at the target site. 358. The method of claim 355, wherein applying at least one bandage comprises applying a first bandage at the donor site. 354. The method of claim 355, wherein applying at least one bandage comprises applying a second bandage at the award site. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein forming a plurality of incised skin pixels comprises delivering a load through a scraper device to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein forming the plurality of incised skin pixels comprises delivering a load through the scallop array to a subcutaneous surface comprising a target site, wherein the skin pixels are incised by application of a load. 41. The method of claim 304, wherein the scallop device is disposable. 41. The method of claim 304, wherein the scallop device is configured to be at least one of cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization. 41. The method of claim 304, comprising placing a template at a target site. 369. The method of claim 362, comprising aligning the template and the scraper device. 369. The method of claim 362, comprising aligning the template and the scaled array. 369. The method of claim 362, wherein the step of placing comprises placing a template on a skin surface at a target site. 365. The method of claim 365, wherein the template comprises an indicator on the skin surface at the target site. 365. The method of claim 365, wherein the template comprises a perforation arranged in a pattern and comprises a guide plate configured for placement at a target site. 31. The method of claim 304, comprising removably coupling a scallop array to a scallop apparatus. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the scallop array is disposable. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is elliptical. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is circular. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the shape of each scallop in the scallop array is semicircular. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the shape of each scallop of the scallop array is one of a square, a rectangle, and a flat shape. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein each of the at least one scaffold includes an oblique surface. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein each scallop of the plurality of scallops comprises at least one pointed surface. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein each scallop in the plurality of scallops comprises one or more needles. 378. The method of claim 376, wherein the at least one needle comprises one or more needles comprising a plurality of points. 40. The method of claim 304, wherein forming the plurality of incised skin pixels comprises forming using at least one of puncture force, impact force, and rotational force. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein forming the plurality of cut skin pixels comprises forming using radio frequency (RF) energy. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein forming the plurality of incised skin pixels comprises forming using vibrational energy. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the at least one scallop in the scallop array comprises a through orifice. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the at least one diameter dimension of each scallop of the scallop array is from about 0.5 millimeter to about 4.0 millimeters. 41. The method of claim 304, comprising the step of disposing a guide plate as a template at a target site, wherein the guide plate comprises perforations arranged in a predetermined pattern. 398. The method of claim 383, comprising aligning the apertures and the scallop arrays within the guide plate. 398. The method of claim 383, comprising applying a scallop array to the donor site through a perforation in the guide plate, wherein the plurality of incised skin pixels are incised. 398. The method of claim 385, comprising applying a scallop array to a donor site through a perforation in the guide plate, wherein a plurality of incised skin defects are formed. 398. The method of claim 386, wherein the target site comprises a donor site and a donor site. 398. The method of claim 386, comprising forming a plurality of skin defects and a plurality of cut skin pixels in accordance with the pattern. 398. The method of claim 386, comprising capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site using an adhesive substrate and delivering a plurality of cut skin pixels to the donor site. 398. A method according to claim 389, comprising applying at the donor site and maintaining a relative disposition of a plurality of cut skin pixels during delivery in an adhesive substrate. 398. The method of claim 386, comprising the step of applying a scallop array to the donor site through the incision and puncturing the skin pixels. 39. The method of claim 391, comprising the step of applying a scallop array to a site of direct skin formation through puncture formation. 398. The method of claim 383, wherein the guide plate is at least one of adherence, stiffness, semi-rigidity, conformity, non-conformity, and non-deformability. 391. The method of claim 383, wherein the guide plate comprises at least one of a metal, a plastic, a polymer, and a film material. 398. The method of claim 383, wherein the guide plate is configured to transmit a load to the skin surface of at least one of the donor site and the donor site. 398. The method of claim 383, comprising disposing a guide plate directly on a skin surface at a target site. 41. The method of claim 396 comprising extruding a plurality of cut skin pixels using a guide plate. 41. The method of claim 397 comprising extruding a plurality of cut skin pixels through the perforations in response to an applied load. 41. The method of claim 397 comprising extruding a plurality of cut skin pixels through the incised skin surface in response to an applied load. 40. The method of claim 304, wherein forming a plurality of cut skin pixels comprises incision using a cutting member. 41. The method of claim 400, comprising truncating cut skin pixels using a cutting member. 39. The method of claim 401, comprising capturing skin pixels incised in an adhesive substrate. 41. The method of claim 402, wherein the cutting member is coupled to the frame. 41. The method of claim 403, wherein the frame is coupled to the guide plate and the guide plate is configured as an guide to the scallop device. 41. The method of claim 403, wherein the adhesive substrate is bonded to at least one of the guide plate and the frame. 303. The method of claim 304, wherein the incised skin pixels comprise pores. 31. The method of claim 304, comprising using a skin defect to induce renal vascularization within an incised skin pixel inserted at a donor site. 31. The method of claim 304, comprising using a skin defect to cause a wound healing response in an incised skin pixel inserted at a given site. Forming a coupling between the scallop device and the control device, the control device including an actuator, the scallop device including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern,
Aligning the scaffold device at the target site, and
Forming a plurality of skin defects and a plurality of dissected skin pixels by deploying the scallop array into the tissue at the target site, wherein the scallop array is deployed in response to actuation of the actuator. Placing the housing in a target area, the housing including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern,
Placing a scalloped array into the tissue at the target site,
Forming a plurality of cut skin pixels at the target site when the target site is at the donor site,
Forming a plurality of skin defects at the target site when the target site is at the award site, and
Collecting a plurality of cut skin pixels. Placing the housing in a target area, the housing including a scallop array including a plurality of scallops arranged in a predetermined pattern,
Expanding the scallop array into tissue at the donor site and forming a plurality of cut skin pixels,
Capturing a plurality of cut skin pixels at the donor site and delivering cut skin pixels to the recipient,
Placing a housing at a donor site, placing a scallop array in tissue at the donor site and forming a plurality of skin defects, and
Applying a plurality of cut-out skin pixels at the donor site to the skin defect.

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