KR20170057125A - reflected wave converting device and ECM system using metamaterial surface - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a reflection frequency converter and ECM system using a surface of an active meta-material which can change the phase of a reflected wave by coupling a variable capacitor to a high impedance surface and frequency of the reflected wave by providing a voltage waveform that varies with time. The present invention comprises: a plate-shaped active meta-material surface formed to be capable of continuously changing the phase of the reflected wave by changing a surface impedance property according to an input voltage; and an arbitrary waveform generator providing a voltage waveform that can linearly change the phase of the reflected wave with time on the surface of the meta-material. The reflected wave frequency generated on the surface of the meta-material is converted according to a frequency of the voltage waveform provided from the arbitrary waveform generator, and a plurality of meta-material unit structures are arranged periodically on the surface of the meta-material, wherein the meta-material unit structure is a high impedance surface having a variable capacitor. Therefore, the capacitance of the variable capacitor is changed according to the applied voltage so that the phase of the reflected wave can be changed.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a reflection frequency converting apparatus and an ECM system using an active meta material surface,

The present invention relates to an active metamaterial surface that can change the phase of a reflected wave by coupling a variable capacitor to a high impedance surface (HIS), and to provide a voltage waveform that varies with time, And to an ECM system.

In general, when conducting communications using electromagnetic waves, conductors interfere with it in most cases.

That is, when an antenna is manufactured on a PCB substrate, the metal ground plate under the PCB substrate operates like a short circuit in view of the radio wave, so that the reflection coefficient is "-1". Since the reflection coefficient is "-1 ", it means that the reflection is the same size but the phase is inverted by" 180 DEG ", so that the radio wave reflected from the metal ground plate is inverted by & It can be seen that it is reflected. This phenomenon causes the cancellation between the reflected radio waves and the radio waves radiated from the antenna, resulting in a decrease in the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

In order to minimize the above-mentioned phenomenon, it has been proposed that an antenna is formed using a high-profile PCB having a thickness greater than a predetermined thickness. However, if an antenna is manufactured by thickening a PCB substrate, the thickness of the antenna increases, and the flexibility of the antenna is reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to fabricate an antenna requiring miniaturization / flexibility like a mobile phone antenna.

Recently, a high impedance surface (HIS) structure has been proposed to solve this problem. The HIS structure resonates at a specific frequency by deforming the surface structure such as a groove having a periodic structure in a conventional metal ground plate. The surface impedance of the HIS at the resonance frequency has a value of "0" Unlike metal, it has an infinite value. Therefore, the phase of the reflected wave at the resonance frequency becomes "0 ", and the reflected wave and the radio wave radiated from the antenna have the same phase, thereby improving the performance of the antenna.

However, the above-mentioned surface impedance characteristics in the HIS are limited due to the shape of the metal structure engraved on the substrate, and there is a limitation that dynamic characteristics can not be obtained.

Meanwhile, in recent years, studies for using the HIS for military purposes in addition to the performance improvement of antennas have been conducted in many foreign countries.

In other words, modern aircraft have a large number of antennas and their purpose is various for jamming, interception, communication, radar.

In order to further expand the application range of the HIS described above, a new type of HIS structure capable of freely modifying electromagnetic waves flowing on the surface depending on the situation is required.

1. Korean Registered Patent No. 1458221 entitled " Variable Metamaterial Device " 2. Korean Patent No. 1408306 entitled Frequency selective surface structure capable of changing frequency characteristics and blind system having electromagnetic wave shielding function using it

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a voltage meter that changes the phase of a reflected wave by coupling a variable capacitor to a high impedance surface (HIS) And a reflective frequency converter and an ECM system using an active meta material surface capable of converting a frequency of a reflected wave.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an active matrix display device including: a plate-shaped active meta material surface configured to continuously convert a phase of a reflected wave by changing a surface impedance characteristic according to an input voltage; And an arbitrary waveform generator for providing a voltage waveform capable of linearly varying the phase of the reflected wave with respect to time, wherein the reflected wave frequency generated from the surface of the meta material in accordance with the frequency of the voltage waveform provided from the arbitrary waveform generator Wherein the meta-material surface is formed by periodically arranging a plurality of meta-material unit structures, wherein the meta-material unit structure is a high-impedance surface (HIS) having a variable capacitor, The capacitance of the variable capacitor is changed so that the phase of the reflected wave is The reflection frequency converter with an active meta-material surface, characterized in that configured to change, is provided.

The meta-material unit structure may include a dielectric plate having a predetermined thickness disposed between a lower plate and a top plate of a conductive material. The upper plate may include a hollow first pattern plate, Wherein the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate are spaced apart from each other to form a band-shaped line pattern between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, thereby forming a capacitance component, Wherein a variable capacitor is coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, and a central portion of the second pattern plate is connected to the lower plate through the via pin to form a ground. A reflection frequency conversion device is provided.

Also, at least one or more variable capacitors are coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, and one variable capacitor is disposed for each side of the polygonal meta-material unit structure. A reflection frequency conversion apparatus using an active meta material surface is provided.

Also, a reflective frequency converter using the active meta material surface is provided, wherein the variable capacitor is composed of a varactor diode.

Also, one end of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the first pattern plate of the upper plate, and the other end of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the lower plate.

Also, the arbitrary waveform generator generates a voltage waveform for varying a bias voltage of a variable capacitor corresponding to a desired resonance frequency, and a reflection frequency conversion apparatus using the active meta material surface is provided.

Also, the arbitrary waveform generator generates a voltage waveform to be applied to the variable capacitor so that the phase of the reflected wave on the surface of the meta material is linearly shifted by 360 °, and a reflection frequency conversion apparatus using the active meta material surface is provided .

In addition, the surface of the meta material may include a plurality of meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures periodically arranged such that the meta material unit cell has at least one meta material unit structure having a certain pattern And a plurality of meta-material unit cells having the same structure are arranged to have a predetermined pattern in various sizes. The present invention provides a reflection frequency conversion apparatus using an active meta-material surface.

Also, the surface of the meta material may be formed by periodically arranging meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures, wherein the meta material unit cell has at least two or more different structures of a polygonal or circular meta material unit structure And the meta-material unit structure is arranged so as to have a predetermined pattern.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waveguide structure in which a surface of an equipment is formed by changing a surface impedance characteristic according to an input voltage provided from an arbitrary waveform generator, And an arbitrary waveform generator for providing a voltage waveform that changes with time on the surface of the meta material, wherein the surface of the meta material includes a plurality of meta material unit structures periodically Wherein the meta-material unit structure is a high-impedance surface (HIS) having a variable capacitor, and is configured to vary the capacitance of the variable capacitor according to a voltage applied thereto. An ECM system is provided.

The apparatus may further include a wireless communication unit inside the apparatus to change the voltage waveform output through the arbitrary waveform generator based on a wireless input signal. An ECM system is provided.

The meta-material unit structure may include a dielectric plate having a predetermined thickness disposed between a lower plate and a top plate of a conductive material. The upper plate may include a hollow first pattern plate, Wherein the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate are spaced apart from each other to form a band-shaped line pattern between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, thereby forming a capacitance component, Wherein a variable capacitor is coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate and a central portion of the second pattern plate is connected to the lower plate through the via pin to form a ground. An ECM system is provided.

Also, at least one or more variable capacitors are coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate, and one variable capacitor is disposed for each side of the polygonal meta-material unit structure. An ECM system using an active meta-material surface is provided.

Also, an end of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the first pattern plate of the upper plate, and the other end of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the lower plate.

Also, the arbitrary waveform generator is configured to generate a voltage waveform for varying a bias voltage of a variable capacitor corresponding to a desired resonance frequency, wherein an ECM system using the active meta material surface is provided.

Also, the arbitrary waveform generator generates a voltage waveform to be applied to the variable capacitor so as to linearly phase-shift the reflected wave phase by 360 degrees with respect to the incident wave frequency. The ECM system using the active meta material surface is provided.

In addition, the surface of the meta material may include a plurality of meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures periodically arranged such that the meta material unit cell has at least one meta material unit structure having a certain pattern And a plurality of meta-material unit cells having the same structure are arranged so as to have a predetermined pattern in various sizes, and the ECM system using the active meta material surface is provided.

Also, the surface of the meta material may be formed by periodically arranging meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures, wherein the meta material unit cell has at least two or more different structures of a polygonal or circular meta material unit structure And an ECM system using an active meta material surface, wherein the meta material unit structure is arranged to have a certain pattern.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a reflection frequency conversion apparatus using a surface of an active meta material that can change a reflection frequency according to an input voltage waveform by a simple method of combining a variable capacitor on a predetermined pattern in HIS .

In addition, when the reflection frequency converter using the surface of the active meta material according to the present invention is applied to the ECM system, the signal from the enemy group can be distorted and reflected with low power, It is superior in performance and can be miniaturized, so it can be applied to various equipments including airplane and small weapon system such as UAV, small robot, and armored vehicle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reflection frequency converter using a surface of an active meta material according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG.
2 is a diagram illustrating voltage waveforms provided in the arbitrary waveform generator 200 shown in FIG. 1; FIG.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration of the meta-material surface 100 shown in FIG. 1; FIG.
4 is a view showing a configuration of the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in Fig. 3; Fig.
FIG. 5 is an electronically modeled metamaterial unit structure 300 shown in FIG. 4. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the characteristics of the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in FIG.
7 is a spatial modeling drawing for derivation of meta-material surface 100 related mathematical derivations.
8 is a view showing a reflected wave characteristic for a variable capacitance in the meta-material surface 100. Fig.
9 to 10 are experimental results of a reflection frequency conversion apparatus using the surface of an active meta material according to the present invention.
11 to 16 are diagrams illustrating various configurations of a meta material surface and a meta material unit cell according to the present invention.
17 is a schematic view of an ECM system using an active meta material surface according to the present invention.

The description of the present invention is merely an example for structural or functional explanation, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the embodiments described in the text. That is, the embodiments are to be construed as being variously embodied and having various forms, so that the scope of the present invention should be understood to include equivalents capable of realizing technical ideas. Also, the purpose or effect of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, since it does not mean that a specific embodiment should include all or only such effect.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a reflection frequency converting apparatus using a surface of an active meta material according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, the reflection frequency converter using the surface of the meta-material includes an active meta material surface 100 for changing the surface impedance characteristic based on an input signal, And an arbitrary waveform generator 200 for providing a control signal, that is, a voltage waveform, for changing the transfer characteristic of an incident wave incident on the surface 100 of the meta-material in time.

The surface of the meta material 100 may be formed by changing the electrical characteristics of the surface 100 of the meta material by coupling a variable capacitor to a high impedance surface (HIS) structure, Respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, the arbitrary waveform generator 200 may be configured to change the voltage level continuously with respect to time to change the electrical characteristics of the surface 100 of the metamaterial 100, more specifically, the surface impedance characteristic. Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 100 < / RTI > More specifically, the arbitrary waveform generator 200 periodically changes the phase of the reflected wave from the surface 100 of the metamaterial 100 linearly by varying the capacitance of the variable capacitor constituting the surface 100 of the metamaterial through a voltage waveform Change. At this time, the variable range of the reflected wave phase can be set to 360 degrees.

That is, the arbitrary waveform generator 200 is configured to generate and provide a voltage waveform corresponding to a bias of a variable capacitor corresponding to a desired resonance frequency, for example, a varactor diode. At this time, the arbitrary waveform generator 200 may generate a voltage waveform to provide a surface of the meta material such that a linear phase shift of the reflected wave in the meta-material 100 occurs with a predetermined period of time. Here, the voltage waveform may be set such that a 360-degree phase shift is generated with respect to the reflected wave, and the linear period of the voltage waveform may be arbitrarily set to be random.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic shape of the meta-material surface 100 shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 3, the surface of the meta material 100 is formed in a plate shape, and a plurality of meta-material unit structures 300 are periodically arranged.

More specifically, the surface 100 of the meta-material is formed by disposing a dielectric plate 130 having a certain thickness between the lower plate 110 and the upper plate 120 of a conductive material.

In addition, the upper plate 120 is configured such that a predetermined pattern for changing the frequency of the reflected wave is formed according to a voltage, and a plurality of predetermined patterns are periodically arranged.

That is, the surface 100 of the meta-material 100 may be configured such that a plurality of meta-material unit structures 300 having a predetermined pattern are periodically arranged based on a predetermined pattern formed on the topsheet 120.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating the structure of the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 4 (b) is a plan view of the lower plate 110, the upper plate 120, and the dielectric plate 130 FIG. FIG. 4 shows a meta-material unit structure 300 having a rectangular shape.

As shown in FIG. 4, the meta-material unit structure 300 includes a dielectric plate 130 having a predetermined thickness disposed between the lower plate 110 and the upper plate 120.

The upper plate 120 includes a first pattern plate 121 in the form of a band and a second pattern plate 122 formed in a hollow portion 121a of the first pattern plate 121. The second pattern plate 122 is arranged to form a predetermined gap with the first pattern plate 122. That is, the size of the second pattern plate 122 is set to have an area smaller than the area of the hollow 121a. Thus, a band-shaped line pattern 123 formed by the spacing between the first pattern plate 121 and the second pattern plate 122 is formed, which forms a capacitance component.

At least one variable capacitor 124 is coupled between the first pattern plate 121 and the second pattern plate 122. As shown in FIG. 4A, when the meta-material unit structure 300 has a rectangular shape, a stripe-like line pattern, more specifically, a line-shaped line pattern at a position spaced from the outer periphery of the upper plate 120 122 are formed, and one variable capacitor is disposed on each of the four sides of the line pattern 122. That is, the first to fourth varactor diodes D1, D2, D3 and D4 whose capacitances are variable according to the voltage are connected to the four sides of the line pattern 122, And is connected between the plate 121 and the second pattern plate 122.

A vias pin 125 is formed at a central portion of the upper plate 120 of the meta-material unit structure 300, more specifically, at a central portion of the second pattern plate 122 of the upper plate 120, Is set to be additionally set. At this time, the via pin 125 is connected to the lower plate 110 performing the grounding function, so that the second pattern plate 122 of the upper plate 120 forms an equal potential (ground) with the lower plate 110. Although not shown, one end of the arbitrary waveform generator 200 is coupled to the lower plate 110 and the other end is coupled to the first pattern plate 121 of the upper plate 120.

5 and 6 are views for explaining the characteristics of the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 (a) is a conceptual diagram of the meta-material unit structure 300, ) Shows an equivalent circuit (b) of the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in (a). 6A shows the impedance magnitude of the surface 100 of the meta material according to the change in capacitance and FIG. 6B shows the resonant frequency characteristic of the surface 100 of the meta material according to the change in capacitance .

5A, the meta-material unit structure 300 includes a variable capacitor 124 coupled between the first pattern plate 121 and the second pattern plate 122 of the upper plate 120, And a via pin 125 of the second pattern plate 122 to connect with the lower plate 110. At this time, the variable capacitor 124 may be composed of a varactor diode D.

5B shows an equivalent circuit for a dotted line portion Z of the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in FIG. 5A. The equivalent circuit includes a first path P1 and a second path P2, Can be represented by a structure in which they are coupled in parallel.

The first path P1 includes a first capacitor component Cd corresponding to the varactor diode D and a second capacitor Cd corresponding to a line formed by a distance between the first pattern plate 121 and the second pattern plate 122. [ A variable capacitor in which the second capacitor component Cgap by the pattern 122 is synthesized and a first inductor L ₁ corresponding to the length of the line pattern 122 are connected in series between the variable capacitor 124 . That is, in the present invention, the variable capacitor is varied according to the input voltage through the varactor diode D.

The second path P2 is formed of a second inductor L ₂ corresponding to the thickness of the dielectric plate 130. At this time, the inductance component can be additionally set by the via pin 125 connecting the central part of the upper plate 120 and the lower plate 110.

6 (a) shows the impedance characteristic Zs of the surface 100 of the meta-material derived from the equivalent circuit B shown in Fig. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), it can be seen that the frequency which becomes the high impedance changes with the change of the capacitance. That is, the active meta material surface 100 according to the present invention is a kind of a reflected wave phase shifter that can adjust the phase of a reflected wave according to voltage by applying a diode, which is an active element, to a passive HIS structure. The phase of the reflected wave is automatically changed through the change of the impedance characteristic.

6 (b) shows the resonance frequency characteristics of the reflected wave according to the capacitance change based on the impedance characteristic shown in (a) of FIG. Here, the resonance frequency (?) Is the frequency at the point where the phase of the reflected wave becomes "0", and the resonance frequency (?) Changes according to the capacitance change. Figure 6b, there is illustrated a capacitor a resonant frequency (ω _0.5pF) of 1.5pF in the resonant frequency from the capacitor (ω _1.5pF) of the state in the state 0.5pF. That is, it can be seen from FIG. 6B that as the reverse bias voltage applied to the varactor diode increases, the resonance frequency increases.

Next, the electrical characteristics of the active meta-material surface 100 and the principle of the reflection frequency change using the same will be described in more detail. FIG. 7 is a spatial modeling diagram for derivation of the meta-material surface 100 related derivation. The forward propagation, the backward propagation, and the surface are shown.

First, as shown in FIG. 7, when an electromagnetic wave having a TEM characteristic is incident on the surface S, the standing wave equation is expressed by Equation (1).

E (x) is an electric field, H (x) is a magnetic field, subscript f means forward propagation, and subscript b means backward propagation.

At this time, the surface impedance and the characteristic impedance of air can be defined as shown in Equation (2).

Here, Zs is the surface impedance, and? ₀ is the intrinsic impedance of the free space. Using the above equation (2), the reflection coefficient (?) Can be calculated. Equation (3) is a reflection coefficient calculation expression on the surface.

Further, the phase? _R of the reflected wave can be calculated using Equation (3). Equation (4) is a phase calculating equation of the reflected wave.

In this case, Im means the imaginary part in parentheses. The surface impedance depends on the physical properties of the surface. For a conductor plate, its value is "0 °", so the phase of the reflected wave is "180 °". At this time, the surface impedance can be modeled by parallel connection of the inductor and the capacitor, and it can be confirmed that the resonance frequency is generated.

The inventors designed the structure of the meta material surface 100 by using the varactor diode D and the pattern line 122 so as to be modeled as an LC resonance circuit as shown in FIG. In the meta-material unit structure 300 shown in FIG. 5, the impedance means a surface impedance Zs.

Accordingly, the equation in the time domain of the reflected wave can be expressed by Equation (5).

The equation (5) can be summarized based on the equivalent circuit of the meta-material unit structure 300 modeled as shown in FIG. 6A.

이다. 이때 조절전압 V에 따른 버랙터 다이오드의 커패시턴스는 수학식 7과 같이 나타낼 수 있다. In Equation (6), the term that can be changed by the voltage is the capacitance of the varactor diode

to be. At this time, the capacitance of the varactor diode according to the adjustment voltage V can be expressed by Equation (7).

는 버랙터 다이오드의 Zero-bias 상태의 커패시턴스,

는 버랙터 다이오드 접합의 Built-in 전압, m은 버랙터 다이오드의 도핑특성을 나타내는 지수이다. here

Is the capacitance of the zero-bias state of the varactor diode,

Is the built-in voltage of the varactor diode junction, and m is an index representing the doping characteristics of the varactor diode.

In this case, when a voltage waveform changing with time is applied to the surface 100 of the meta-material so that the surface impedance of the surface 100 of the meta-material changes with time, the phase of the reflected wave changes with time, Can be expressed by Equation (8). That is, the capacitance of the varactor diode changes according to the applied voltage, and the phase of the reflected wave changes correspondingly.

)를 시간에 대해 선형적으로 생성할 수 있게 된다. 이를 위한 반사파의 시간영역 방정식은 수학식 9와 같이 나타낼 수 있다. On the other hand, since the phase relationship of the reflected wave with respect to the applied voltage is very nonlinear, the reflected wave may be distorted according to the waveform input to the regulated voltage (see Fig. 8 (a)). In the present invention, the arbitrary waveform generator 200 is implemented so as to linearly correct the distortion of the reflected wave, and the reflected wave is corrected through the arbitrary waveform generator 200,

) Can be generated linearly with respect to time. The time domain equation of the reflected wave for this can be expressed by Equation (9).

That is, it is possible to reduce the inverse voltage of the varactor diode provided in the metamaterial surface 100 provided from the arbitrary waveform generator 200, It means that the frequency of the reflected wave can be changed.

8 is a graph showing response characteristics obtained by applying a TEM wave to a surface of an EM simulator corresponding to the present invention.

In FIG. 8, (a) shows the phase of the reflected wave according to the capacitance change, and it can be seen that the phase of the reflected wave becomes "0 °" at the resonance frequency and the resonance frequency can be changed by adjusting the capacitance of the varactor diode have. 8 (b) shows the magnitude of the reflection coefficient with respect to the capacitance change, and it is confirmed that the magnitude of the reflection coefficient is close to "1". This means that the phase of the reflected wave can be changed by using the regulated voltage with almost no loss at the surface.

9 to 10 are graphs showing experimental results of a reflection frequency converting apparatus using an active meta material surface according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows the results of an experiment in which the phase change of the reflected wave with respect to the applied voltage is measured.

9 (a) shows the phase change of the reflected wave with respect to the capacitance change, and (b) shows the phase change of the reflected wave with respect to the applied voltage at 2.7 GHz. (b), it can be seen that a 360 ° phase change of -180 ° to 180 ° occurs within a voltage range of 2 to 13V.

10 shows a reflected wave phase graph with respect to an applied voltage at 2.7 GHz. At this time, the frequency of the applied voltage was set to 10 kHz.

10 (a) shows the applied voltage for linear 360 ° phase shift when the frequency of the incident wave is 2.7 GHz, and the applied voltage frequency is set to 10 KHz.

10 (b) is a graph showing a result of a reflected wave frequency spectrum measurement on a general conductor plane, and FIG. 10 (c) is a graph showing a reflected wave frequency spectrum on the surface of a metamaterial according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10 (b), a reflected wave is generated only at 2.7 GHz for the conductor plane, but at the surface of the meta material according to the present invention, the frequency of the reflected wave is increased from 2.7 GHz to 10 KHz It can be seen that it has changed. Accordingly, it can be seen that the reflected wave can be converted to a desired frequency and output using the surface of the meta material according to the present invention.

3 and 4, the rectangular meta-material unit structure 300 is periodically arranged to implement the meta-material surface 100 according to the present invention, The material surface 100 is not limited thereto, and may be embodied in various forms having various patterns.

11 to 16 illustrate the shapes of the meta-material surfaces 101 to 106 of various shapes according to the present invention and the shapes of the meta-material unit cells 301 to 306 corresponding thereto.

As shown in FIGS. 11 to 15, the meta material surfaces 101 to 105 may be configured by periodically arranging meta material unit cells 301 to 305 having a plurality of meta material unit structures.

That is, the meta-material unit cell has a meta-material unit structure having at least one or more identical structures (FIGS. 11 to 13) or a meta-material unit structure having the same structure (Fig. 11 and Fig. 12). For example, the meta-material unit cell may be configured by arranging a plurality of square or triangular meta-material unit structures (Figs. 11 to 13)

In addition, the meta-material unit cell may be configured such that at least two or more different meta-material unit structures of a polygonal or circular meta material unit structure having different sizes or shapes are arranged to have a certain pattern (Figs. 14 and 15) . For example, in the meta-material unit cell, a plurality of triangular meta-material unit structures are arranged around the hexagonal meta material unit structure (Fig. 14), or a plurality of trapezoidal meta- material unit structures are arranged around the circular meta material unit structure (Fig. 15).

In addition, the surface of the meta material may have a meta-material unit structure of a polygonal shape such as a triangular shape, a pentagonal shape, or a hexagonal shape in addition to a rectangular shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, the meta material surface 106 may be configured by arranging a plurality of hexagonal meta-material unit structures 306.

Also, in the present invention, it is possible to implement a new type ECM system by applying the reflected wave converting device using the surface of the active meta material to various devices used in electronic warfare.

In recent years, radar and missiles for detecting and intercepting fighters have appeared, and as military radio communication technologies have evolved, electronic equipment has become an indispensable element in military operations in modern warfare. On the battlefield, electromagnetic waves of various frequencies and sizes Operation is done in a complex information environment where the spectrum exists. In this environment, the exchange of the electromagnetic spectrum used by the allied forces is smoothly performed, and the importance of the electronic warfare which makes the electromagnetic spectrum used by the enemy forces useless has emerged. There are three types of electronic warfare: electronic attacks that neutralize the enemy's electromagnetic radiation weapons, electronic defense that protects electronic equipment from enemy's electronic attacks, electronic support that intercepts the electromagnetic spectrum of the enemy's forces, Divided.

In the electronic attack of the electronic warfare, there are methods such as interception of missiles, high-power radiation, jamming, and deception. The high-power radiation method is a technique for disabling an enemy radar equipment by emitting electromagnetic pulse (EMP), which is a signal including signals of various frequencies, at a high output, and a large capacitor bank, a single loop antenna, High-power microwave generator, and EPFCG (Explosively Pumped Flux Compression Generator) to generate instantaneous high-power electromagnetic waves. However, in the case of high-power radiation, the effect is limited to both the enemy and the enemy.

In addition, jamming is a technique to neutralize enemy radars by emitting powerful jamming waves to enemy radars. There are various types of jamming methods depending on the type of radar to be obstructed. Commonly, A signal stronger than the signal must be radiated from the fighter, so that there is a disadvantage that high output microwave equipment is required.

Also, as a technique to prevent radar from identifying the aircraft in the case of deception, it uses technology to fly beyond the radar detection altitude, an airplane design that reduces the radar reflection area, and a radar absorbent material (RAM) application. In the case of technology that exceeds the detection altitude, there is a disadvantage that it can not design the airplane hydrodynamically when the airplane is designed by reducing the reflection area of the radar, . In the case of radar absorbers, it must be applied continuously to the surface of the fighter plane, and the maintenance conditions are also very strict.

In addition, until now, ECM technology has mainly been used only in airplanes, but recently, there is a demand for ECM technology to prevent it because UAVs appear and UAVs have at least one communication device in various combat platforms.

17, the surfaces of various electronic equipment 500 such as an aircraft, a drone, a small robot, an armored vehicle and the like are made of the active meta material surface 100, and an arbitrary waveform generator (not shown) So that the EDM system can be easily implemented by setting the voltage waveform by the driver.

At this time, the ECM system may be configured to include wireless communication means (not shown) so that the manager can remotely change the voltage waveform of the arbitrary waveform generator located in the electronic warfare apparatus 500. That is, the apparatus further includes a wireless communication means inside the apparatus, so that a voltage waveform output through the arbitrary waveform generator is changed and set on the basis of a signal wirelessly input from the outside in control means (not shown) Lt; / RTI >

As a result, the conventional ECM system does not require a high-output microwave device provided for jamming or deception, and thus it is possible to easily implement an ECM system in a small apparatus such as a small robot or an armored vehicle drone.

100: meta material surface, 200: arbitrary waveform generator,
110: lower plate, 120: upper plate,
121, 122: pattern plate, 123: line pattern,
124: variable capacitor, 125: via pin,
130: dielectric plate, 300: metamaterial unit structure.
301, 302, 303, 304, 305: metamaterial unit cell.

Claims (18)

A plate-shaped active meta material surface configured to be able to continuously convert the phase of the reflected wave by changing the surface impedance characteristic according to an input voltage,
And an arbitrary waveform generator for providing a voltage waveform that can linearly change the phase of the reflected wave with time on the surface of the meta material,
And a reflected wave frequency generated on the surface of the meta material is converted according to a frequency of a voltage waveform provided from the arbitrary waveform generator,
The surface of the meta material is constituted by periodically arranging a plurality of meta material unit structures,
Wherein the meta-material unit structure is a high-impedance surface (HIS) having a variable capacitor, and is configured to change a phase of a reflected wave by changing a capacitance of the variable capacitor according to an applied voltage. A reflection frequency conversion device using the reflection frequency. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the meta-material unit structure is configured such that a dielectric plate having a predetermined thickness is disposed between a lower plate of a conductive material and an upper plate,
Wherein the upper plate comprises a first pattern plate having a hollow shape and a second pattern plate disposed on a hollow portion of the first pattern plate, wherein the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate are spaced apart from each other to form a gap between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate To form a band-shaped line pattern, thereby forming a capacitance component,
Wherein a variable capacitor is coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate of the upper plate and the central portion of the second pattern plate is connected to the lower plate through the via pin to form a ground. Reflection frequency converter using surface. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein at least one variable capacitor is coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate,
And one variable capacitor is disposed for each side of the polygonal meta-material unit structure. ≪ RTI ID = 0.0 > 8. < / RTI > The method of claim 3,
Wherein the variable capacitor is formed of a varactor diode. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein one end of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the first pattern plate of the upper plate and the other end is connected to the lower plate. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the arbitrary waveform generator generates a voltage waveform for varying a bias voltage of a variable capacitor corresponding to a desired resonance frequency. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the arbitrary waveform generator generates a voltage waveform to be applied to the variable capacitor so as to linearly shift the phase of the reflected wave on the surface of the meta material by 360 °. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Wherein the surface of the meta material is constituted by periodically arranging meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures,
The meta-material unit cell may be configured such that the meta-material unit structure having at least one or more identical structures has a certain pattern, or the meta material unit cell having the same structure is arranged to have a predetermined pattern of various sizes A reflective frequency converter using an active meta material surface. 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
Wherein the surface of the meta material is constituted by periodically arranging meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures,
Wherein the meta-material unit cell has a meta-material unit structure having at least two or more different structures of a polygonal or circular meta-material unit structure arranged in a predetermined pattern. . The surface of the equipment is composed of a plate-like active meta material surface that is configured to continuously change the phase of the reflected wave by changing the surface impedance characteristic according to the input voltage provided from the arbitrary waveform generator, And an arbitrary waveform generator that provides a voltage waveform that varies according to the voltage waveform,
The surface of the meta-material is constituted by a plurality of meta-material unit structures arranged periodically. The meta-material unit structure is a high-impedance surface (HIS) provided with a variable capacitor. The capacitance of the variable capacitor is varied Wherein the ECM system comprises an active meta material surface. 11. The method of claim 10,
The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a wireless communication unit inside the apparatus, and configured to change a voltage waveform output through the arbitrary waveform generator based on a wireless input signal. system. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the meta-material unit structure is configured such that a dielectric plate having a predetermined thickness is disposed between a lower plate of a conductive material and an upper plate,
Wherein the upper plate comprises a first pattern plate having a hollow shape and a second pattern plate disposed on a hollow portion of the first pattern plate, wherein the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate are spaced apart from each other to form a gap between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate To form a band-shaped line pattern, thereby forming a capacitance component,
Wherein a variable capacitor is coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate of the upper plate and the central portion of the second pattern plate is connected to the lower plate through the via pin to form a ground. ECM system using surface. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein at least one variable capacitor is coupled between the first pattern plate and the second pattern plate,
And wherein one variable capacitor is disposed for each side of the polygonal meta-material unit structure. 13. The method of claim 12,
Wherein one end of the arbitrary waveform generator is connected to the first pattern plate of the upper plate and the other end is connected to the lower plate. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the arbitrary waveform generator is configured to generate a voltage waveform for varying a bias voltage of a variable capacitor corresponding to a desired resonance frequency. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the arbitrary waveform generator generates a voltage waveform to be applied to the variable capacitor so as to linearly phase-shift the reflected wave phase by 360 degrees with respect to the incident wave frequency. 17. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 16,
Wherein the surface of the meta material is constituted by periodically arranging meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures,
The meta-material unit cell may be configured such that the meta-material unit structure having at least one or more identical structures has a certain pattern, or the meta material unit cell having the same structure is arranged to have a predetermined pattern of various sizes ECM system using active metamaterial surface. 17. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 16,
Wherein the surface of the meta material is constituted by periodically arranging meta material unit cells having a plurality of meta material unit structures,
Wherein the meta-material unit cell is configured such that at least two or more meta-material unit structures of a polygonal or circular meta-material unit structure have a certain pattern.

Images