KR20170051576A - Fuel injection system for diesel-fueled engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection system for diesel-fueled engine Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20170051576A
KR20170051576A KR1020150150845A KR20150150845A KR20170051576A KR 20170051576 A KR20170051576 A KR 20170051576A KR 1020150150845 A KR1020150150845 A KR 1020150150845A KR 20150150845 A KR20150150845 A KR 20150150845A KR 20170051576 A KR20170051576 A KR 20170051576A
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South Korea
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injection
injector
fuel
diesel
auxiliary
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KR1020150150845A
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Korean (ko)
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서재엽
김기두
윤욱현
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현대중공업 주식회사
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Publication of KR20170051576A publication Critical patent/KR20170051576A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0692—Arrangement of multiple injectors per combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0686—Injectors
    • F02D19/0694—Injectors operating with a plurality of fuels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • F02D41/403—Multiple injections with pilot injections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/402—Multiple injections
    • F02D41/405—Multiple injections with post injections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M49/00—Fuel-injection apparatus in which injection pumps are driven or injectors are actuated, by the pressure in engine working cylinders, or by impact of engine working piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Abstract

The present invention relates to a fuel injection system for a diesel fueled engine, and more specifically, to a fuel injection system for a diesel fueled engine, capable of improving combustion efficiency by operating a mechanical injector and an electronic injector in parallel. To this end, in a system of injecting diesel fuel in a diesel mode of a single diesel engine or a dual fuel (DF) engine, the fuel injection system for a diesel-fueled engine comprises: a main injector installed on a cylinder and injecting diesel fuel; an auxiliary injector injecting a small amount of diesel fuel, compared to fuel injected from the main injector in a step before or after the main injector is operated; and a control part controlling a fuel injection timing and an injected amount of the auxiliary injector. Multi-stage injection is performed through the main injector and the auxiliary injector.

Description

디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템{Fuel injection system for diesel-fueled engine}TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine,

본 발명은 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템에 관한 것으로서, 보다 구체적으로는 기계식 인젝터와 전자식 인젝터가 병행으로 동작하여 연소 효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine, and more particularly, to a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine capable of enhancing combustion efficiency by operating a mechanical injector and an electronic injector in parallel.

일반적으로, 자동차 및 선박의 배기물질에 의한 대기오염의 심각성으로 인하여 배기가스에 대한 규제가 더욱 강화되고 있으며, 또한 화석연료의 고갈 등으로 인하여 저배기 저연료소모가 가능한 내연기관에 대한 기술개발이 절실히 요구되는 상황이다.In general, the regulations on exhaust gas are strengthened due to the seriousness of air pollution caused by exhaust materials of automobiles and ships, and the development of technologies for internal combustion engines capable of consuming low exhaust fuel due to depletion of fossil fuels This is a situation that is desperately required.

이에 따라, 연소 원리상 고효율 연소가 가능한 디젤엔진 또는 압축착화의 연소방식에 대한 관심이 증대되고 있으나, 디젤엔진의 경우, NOx(질소화합물)와 PM(입자상물질)이 대량배출되는 문제가 있음에 따라, 연소차원에서 NOx와 PM의 저감을 이룰 수 있는 새로운 개념의 연소 기술이 절실히 요구되고 있는 실정이다.Accordingly, there is a growing interest in a combustion method of a diesel engine or compression ignition capable of high-efficiency combustion in terms of combustion principle, but in the case of a diesel engine, there is a problem that a large amount of NOx (nitrogen compound) and PM (particulate matter) Accordingly, there is a desperate need for a novel combustion technique capable of reducing NOx and PM at the combustion level.

한편, 선박의 경우 운행 지역에 따라 배기가스 규제에 만족한 상태에서 운행을 허가하고 있으며, 이를 위해 이종 연료를 사용하여 운전하는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진을 적용하여 배기 규제에 따라 IMO Tier2 기준을 요하는 지역을 운행할 경우에는 디젤을 연료로 사용하는 디젤 모드로 운행하고, IMO Tier3 기준을 요하는 지역을 운행할 경우에는 천연가스를 연료로 하는 가스 모드로 운행을 하고 있다.On the other hand, ships are permitted to operate in compliance with the exhaust gas regulations according to the area of operation. For this purpose, DF (Dual Fuel) engine, which is operated by using different fuel, , It operates in diesel mode using diesel as fuel and operates gas mode using natural gas as fuel when operating in areas requiring IMO Tier 3 standard.

이러한 종래의 단독 디젤엔진 또는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진의 디젤 모드 시 연료분사 시스템은 연료캠 형상 및 운전조건에 대응하여 연료 분사 특성을 결정하는 기계식 인젝터가 사용되고 있다.In the conventional diesel engine fuel injection system of a single diesel engine or a dual fuel (DF) engine, a mechanical injector for determining a fuel injection characteristic corresponding to a shape of a fuel cam and an operation condition is used.

하지만, 상기와 같이 종래의 단독 디젤엔진 또는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진의 디젤모드 시 연료분사 시스템에 적용된 기계식 인젝터는 연료 분사시기 및 분사량이 연료캠 형상과 엔진 운전 조건에 따라 연료분사 특성이 결정됨으로써, 각 실린더에 동일한 조건으로 연료가 분사될 수밖에 없는 구조로 이루어져 있다.However, in the mechanical injector applied to the fuel injection system in the diesel mode of the conventional single diesel engine or DF (dual fuel) engine as described above, the fuel injection timing and the injection amount are determined by the fuel injection characteristics according to the fuel cam shape and the engine operation condition , And the fuel is injected under the same conditions in each cylinder.

또한, 기계적인 방식에 의해 디젤 연료를 분사함으로써 미세하게 분사하는 것이 불가능하고 다단분사가 불가능함에 따라, 연비 효율성이 떨어지고 완전연소가 어려워 NOx 및 스모크가 발생하는 문제가 있다.Further, since it is impossible to finely inject the diesel fuel by the mechanical method and the multi-stage injection is impossible, there is a problem that the fuel efficiency is low and the complete combustion is difficult, thereby causing NOx and smoke.

이러한 기계적인 방식의 기계식 인젝터의 문제를 해결하고자 전자식 인젝터가 적용되고 있지만, 중형 엔진의 경우 전자식 인젝터를 주분사장치로 사용하기에는 제작비용 상승에 따른 가격경쟁력 약화로 인해 실제 적용 사례가 많지 않다.In order to solve the problem of the mechanical type injector of the mechanical type, the electronic injector is applied. However, in the case of the medium type engine, there are not many practical examples in order to use the electronic injector as the main injection device due to a decrease in price competitiveness due to an increase in production cost.

따라서, 중형엔진에서 전자식 인젝터는 주로 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진의 가스 모드시 보조분사 장치로서 적용되고 있다.Therefore, in a medium-sized engine, an electronic injector is mainly applied as an auxiliary injection device in a gas mode of a DF (Dual Fuel) engine.

또한, 전자식 인젝터로만 분사장치를 구성하여 사용시 전자적인 오류에 의해 전자식 인젝터가 작동하지 않을 경우 엔진 운전이 정지되는 문제가 발생하게 된다.In addition, when the injector is used only with the electronic injector, when the electronic injector fails to operate due to an electronic error, the engine operation is stopped.

본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 것으로서, 기계식 인젝터와 소형 전자식 인젝터를 병행하여 연소 효율을 향상시켜 연비를 향상시키고, 연료의 완전 연소를 통해 NOx 및 스모크 발생을 줄일 수 있는 디젤엔진용 연료분사 시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injector and a small-sized electronic injector capable of improving combustion efficiency by improving the combustion efficiency and reducing the generation of NOx and smoke through complete combustion of fuel. A fuel injection system for a diesel engine is provided.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 기술적 사상으로는, 단독 디젤엔진 또는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진에서 디젤 모드 시 디젤 연료의 분사 시스템에 있어서, 실린더에 설치되고 디젤 연료를 분사하는 주분사 인젝터; 상기 주분사 인젝터가 작동하기 전 단계 또는 후 단계에 주분사 인젝터에서 분사되는 연료 대비 소량의 디젤 연료가 분사되는 보조분사 인젝터; 및 상기 보조분사 인젝터의 연료 분사시기 및 분사량을 제어하는 제어부;를 포함하고, 상기 주분사 인젝터 및 보조분사 인젝터를 통해 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for injecting diesel fuel in a diesel mode in a single diesel engine or a dual fuel (DF) engine, the system including a main injection injector installed in a cylinder and injecting diesel fuel, ; An auxiliary injection injector injecting a small amount of diesel fuel relative to fuel injected from the main injection injector before or after the main injection injector is operated; And a controller for controlling the fuel injection timing and the injection amount of the sub injection injector, wherein the multi injection is performed through the main injection injector and the auxiliary injection injector.

이때, 상기 주분사 인젝터는 연료캠 형상 및 운전조건에 대응하여 연료 분사 특성을 결정하는 기계식 인젝터이고, 상기 보조분사 인젝터는 전기적 신호에 따라 연료 분사시기 및 분사량을 실린더 별로 독립적으로 제어 가능한 전자식 인젝터인 것을 특징으로 한다.The main injection injector is a mechanical injector for determining a fuel injection characteristic corresponding to a shape of a fuel cam and an operation condition, and the sub injection injector is an electronic injector capable of independently controlling a fuel injection timing and an injection amount according to an electrical signal, .

또한, 보조분사 인젝터에 의해 최초 예비분사 동작이 이루어지고, 상기 보조분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 주분사 인젝터가 동작하여 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the initial injection operation is performed by the auxiliary injection injector, and the main injection injector operates after the operation of the auxiliary injection injector to perform multi-injection.

한편, 최초 주분사 인젝터가 동작하고, 상기 주분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 보조분사 인젝터가 동작하여 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.In the meantime, the main injection injector is operated and the main injection injector is operated, and the sub injection injector operates to perform multi-stage injection.

또한, 보조분사 인젝터에 의해 최초 예비분사 동작이 이루어지고, 상기 보조분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 주분사 인젝터가 동작하며, 상기 주분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 보조분사 인젝터가 동작하여 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.Further, the first injection operation is performed by the auxiliary injection injector, the main injection injector is operated after the operation of the auxiliary injection injector, and the auxiliary injection injector is operated after the main injection injector is operated, .

한편, 상기 보조분사 인젝터는, 여러 단계에 걸쳐 다단분사 되는 것이 바람직하다.Meanwhile, it is preferable that the auxiliary injection injector is multi-stage injection in various stages.

상기와 같은 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템은 다음과 같은 효과가 있다.The fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention has the following effects.

기계식 인젝터를 주분사 인젝터로 사용하고, 전자식 인젝터를 보조분사 인젝터로 사용하여 주분사 전단계 또는 후단계에 보조분사 인젝터가 작동하여 디젤연료를 다단으로 미세하게 분사함으로써, 착화 효율성이 높여 연비를 향상시키고 연료의 완전연소를 통해 NOx 및 스모크 발생을 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있다.By using a mechanical injector as the main injection injector and an electronic injector as the auxiliary injection injector, the auxiliary injection injector operates in the pre-injection stage or the post-injection stage to finely inject the diesel fuel in multiple stages, thereby improving ignition efficiency and improving fuel economy There is an effect that the generation of NOx and smoke can be reduced through the complete combustion of the fuel.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면.
도 2 내지 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템의 다단분사 전략을 나타낸 도면.
도 4는 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템의 주분사 전, 후 단계에 보조분사가 적용된 다단분사 전략을 나타낸 도면.
도 5 내지 도 6은 주분사 전, 후 단계에 보조분사가 다단으로 적용된 다단분사 전략을 나타낸 도면.1 is a schematic view of a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention;
2 to 3 are diagrams illustrating a multi-stage injection strategy of a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a multi-stage injection strategy to which an auxiliary injection is applied before and after the main injection of the fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention. FIG.
FIGS. 5 to 6 are diagrams showing a multi-stage injection strategy in which auxiliary injection is applied in multiple stages before and after main injection. FIG.

본 명세서 및 청구범위에 사용된 용어나 단어는 통상적이거나 사전적인 의미로 한정해서 해석되어서는 아니 되며, 발명자는 자신의 발명을 가장 최선의 방법으로 설명하기 위해 용어의 개념을 적절하게 정의할 수 있다는 원칙에 입각하여 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 부합하는 의미와 개념으로 해석되어야만 한다.The terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary meanings and the inventor may properly define the concept of the term to describe its invention in the best possible way And should be construed in accordance with the principles and meanings and concepts consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

이하에서는, 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도 1 내지 도 6을 참조하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 attached hereto.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템을 개략적으로 나타낸 도면, 도 2 내지 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템의 다단분사 전략을 나타낸 도면, 도 4는 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템의 주분사 전, 후 단계에 보조분사가 적용된 다단분사 전략을 나타낸 도면, 도 5 내지 도 6은 주분사 전, 후 단계에 보조분사가 다단으로 적용된 다단분사 전략을 나타낸 도면이다.FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 3 are diagrams showing a multi-stage injection strategy of a fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention, FIGS. 5 to 6 illustrate a multi-stage injection strategy in which an auxiliary injection is applied in a multi-stage before and after the main injection, and FIGS. 5 to 6 illustrate a multi-stage injection strategy in which an auxiliary injection is applied before and after the main injection of the fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention. Fig.

도 1을 참조하여 설명하면, 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템은 크게, 주분사 인젝터(10), 보조분사 인젝터(20), 제어부(30)를 포함하여 구성된다.Referring to FIG. 1, the fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention mainly includes a main injection injector 10, an auxiliary injection injector 20, and a control unit 30.

본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템은 단독 디젤엔진 또는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진에서 디젤 모드 시 디젤 연료를 분사하는 시스템에 기계식 인젝터와 전자식 인젝터를 병행하여 동작되도록 하여 디젤연료를 다단으로 분사할 수 있도록 구성한 것이다.The fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention operates in parallel with a mechanical injector and an electronic injector in a system for injecting diesel fuel in a diesel mode in a single diesel engine or a dual fuel (DF) engine, .

먼저, 주분사 인젝터(10)는 실린더(1)의 상부 중심에 설치되어 1사이클에 디젤 연료를 주분사 하는 역할을 한다.First, the main injection injector 10 is installed at the upper center of the cylinder 1 and serves to inject diesel fuel in one cycle.

상기 주분사 인젝터(10)는 실린더(1) 내부의 연소실로 디젤 연료를 고압으로 분사하여 흡기포트(2)를 통해 실린더(1) 내부로 유입된 압축공기와 만나 폭발이 이루어진다.The main injection injector 10 injects diesel fuel into the combustion chamber inside the cylinder 1 at a high pressure and is then exposed to the compressed air introduced into the cylinder 1 through the intake port 2 to explode.

이때, 상기 주분사 인젝터(10)는 연료캠 형상 및 운전조건에 대응하여 연료 분사 특성을 결정하는 기계식 인젝터로 이루어진다.At this time, the main injection injector 10 is composed of a mechanical injector for determining the fuel injection characteristic corresponding to the shape of the fuel cam and the operation condition.

즉, 연료분사 시기 및 기간이 연료캠에 의해 기계적으로 연동되어 구동됨으로써 각 실린더에 동일한 분사조건으로 연료가 분사될 수 있게 된다.That is, the fuel injection timing and period are mechanically interlocked by the fuel cam and driven, so that the fuel can be injected into each cylinder under the same injection condition.

다음으로, 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 상기 주분사 인젝터(10)와 인접한 곳에 주분사 인젝터(10)와 별개로 독립적으로 설치된다.Next, the auxiliary injection injector 20 is installed separately from the main injection injector 10 in the vicinity of the main injection injector 10.

상기 보조 분사 인젝터(20)는 상기 주분사 인젝터(10)가 작동하기 전 단계 또는 후 단계에 주분사 인젝터(10)에서 분사되는 연료 대비 소량의 디젤 연료를 분사하는 역할을 한다.The auxiliary injection injector 20 injects a small amount of diesel fuel relative to the fuel injected from the main injection injector 10 before or after the main injection injector 10 is operated.

또한, 상기 주분사 인젝터(10)의 주분사라 함은 1사이클 당 보조분사 인젝터(20)에서 분사되는 연료 대비 더 많은 양의 디젤 연료를 분사하는 것을 의미한다.Also, the main injection of the main injection injector 10 means injecting a larger amount of diesel fuel per fuel injected from the auxiliary injection injector 20 per cycle.

한편, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 전기적 신호에 따라 연료 분사시기 및 분사량을 실린더 별로 독립적으로 제어 가능한 전자식 인젝터로 구성된다.The auxiliary injection injector 20 includes an electronic injector capable of independently controlling the fuel injection timing and the injection amount according to an electrical signal.

상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 주분사 인젝터(10)를 통해 주분사 되기 전 또는 후에 주분사 대비 소량의 디젤 연소를 분사하기 위한 것으로, 미세한 양의 디젤을 분사할 수 있도록 MP(Micro-Pilot)인젝터가 적용될 수 있다.The auxiliary injection injector 20 injects a small amount of diesel combustion relative to the main injection before or after the main injection through the main injection injector 10. The auxiliary injection injector 20 is a micro-pilot (MP) injection device for injecting a small amount of diesel, An injector may be applied.

즉, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 통해 엔진 운전상태에 따라 연료 분사시기, 기간, 분사량을 전자적으로 제어할 수 있게 된다.That is, the fuel injection timing, duration, and injection amount can be electronically controlled through the auxiliary injection injector 20 according to the engine operation state.

이러한 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 주분사 전단계 또는 후단계에 소량의 디젤 연료를 분사함으로써 착화 효율을 높이고 디젤 연료의 완전연소가 이루어질 수 있게 된다.The auxiliary injection injector 20 injects a small amount of diesel fuel before or after the main injection stage to increase the ignition efficiency and complete combustion of the diesel fuel.

즉, 주분사 인젝터(10)를 통해 주분사가 이루어지기 전단계에 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 통해 전분사가 이루어져 연소실 내 온도를 용이하게 높일 수 있음으로써 폭발성능을 향상시키고, 주분사가 이루어진 후단계에 후분사가 이루어져 주분사 이후 연소가 되지 않은 연료로 인한 유해 배기가스가 생성되는 것을 차단할 수 있게 된다.That is, since the starch yarn is injected through the auxiliary injection injector 20 before the main injection through the main injection injector 10, the temperature in the combustion chamber can be easily increased to improve the explosion performance, So that the generation of harmful exhaust gas due to unburned fuel after the main injection can be prevented.

다음으로, 제어부(30)는 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)의 연료 분사시기 및 분사량을 제어하는 역할을 한다.Next, the control unit 30 controls the fuel injection timing and the injection amount of the auxiliary injection injector 20. [

상기 제어부(30)는 보조분사 인젝터(20)와 전기적으로 연결되어 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 제어한다.The control unit 30 is electrically connected to the auxiliary injection injector 20 to control the auxiliary injection injector 20.

이때, 상기 제어부(30)를 통해 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 주분사 인젝터(10) 작동 전, 후단계에서 선택적으로 적용될 수 있도록 제어하여 주분사 인젝터(10)와 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 병행 동작하도록 함으로써 디젤 연료의 다단분사가 이루어질 수 있게 된다.At this time, the main injection injector 10 and the auxiliary injection injector 20 are controlled so that the auxiliary injection injector 20 can be selectively applied before and after the main injection injector 10 is operated through the control unit 30 So that the multi-stage injection of the diesel fuel can be performed.

상기 제어부(30)는 단독 디젤엔진 또는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진에서 디젤 모드 시 엔진의 운전 상황에 따라 주분사 전 또는 후단계에 보조분사 인젝터(20)의 분사시기, 기간 및 분사량을 가변적으로 제어하고, 이와 연동하여 주분사 인젝터(10)의 분사 설정값을 설정할 수 있다.The control unit 30 variably controls the injection timing, duration and injection amount of the auxiliary injection injector 20 before or after the main injection according to the operation state of the engine in the diesel mode in a single diesel engine or a dual fuel (DF) And the injection set value of the main injection injector 10 can be set in conjunction with this.

이하에서는 도 2 내지 도 6을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템의 다양한 실시예에 대해 설명한다.Hereinafter, various embodiments of the fuel injection system for a diesel fuel engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6. FIG.

먼저, 도 2를 참조하여 설명하면, 1사이클의 디젤 연료가 분사되는 총 분사시간에 동안 보조분사 인젝터(20)에 의해 최초 예비분사로 전분사 동작이 이루어지고, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 동작된 후 주분사 인젝터(10)가 동작하여 보조분사 인젝터(20)와 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의해 다단분사가 이루어질 수 있다.2, the pre-injection operation is performed by the pre-injection by the auxiliary injection injector 20 during the total injection time during which one cycle of diesel fuel is injected, and the auxiliary injection injector 20 The main injection injector 10 is operated and multi-stage injection can be performed by the auxiliary injection injector 20 and the main injection injector 10.

이때, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 엔진의 운전 상태에 따라 제어부(30)의 제어를 받아 분사시기, 분사기간 및 분사량이 설정되고, 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의한 주분사의 분사시간 보다 짧고 분사량이 적게 분사되도록 설정 된다.At this time, the sub injection injector 20 is controlled by the control unit 30 in accordance with the operation state of the engine, and the injection timing, injection period and injection amount are set and shorter than the injection time of the main injection by the main injection injector 10 So that the injection amount is set to be smaller.

이 경우, 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 전분사로 동작되도록 함으로써 폭발성능을 향상시켜 연비증가 효과를 얻을 수 있도록 연료의 분사 세팅이 이루어질 수 있게 된다.In this case, by operating the auxiliary injection injector 20 as starch yarn, the injection performance of the fuel can be set so as to improve the explosion performance and to obtain the fuel consumption increasing effect.

다음으로, 도 3을 참조하여 설명하면, 1사이클의 디젤 연료가 분사되는 총 분사시간에 동안 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의해 최초 전분사 동작이 이루어지고, 상기 주분사 인젝터(10)가 동작된 후 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 동작하여 후분사 동작이 이루어져 보조분사 인젝터(20)와 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의해 다단분사가 이루어질 수 있다.Next, referring to FIG. 3, the initial injection operation is performed by the main injection injector 10 during the total injection time during which one cycle of diesel fuel is injected, and when the main injection injector 10 is operated The sub-injection injector 20 operates to perform the post-injection operation, so that the multi-stage injection can be performed by the auxiliary injection injector 20 and the main injection injector 10.

이때, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 엔진의 운전 상태에 따라 제어부(30)의 제어를 받아 분사시기, 분사기간 및 분사량이 설정되고, 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의한 주분사의 분사시간 보다 짧고 분사량이 적게 분사되도록 설정 된다.At this time, the sub injection injector 20 is controlled by the control unit 30 in accordance with the operation state of the engine, and the injection timing, injection period and injection amount are set and shorter than the injection time of the main injection by the main injection injector 10 So that the injection amount is set to be smaller.

이 경우, 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 후분사로 동작되도록 함으로써 연소실 내 디젤 연료를 완전히 연소되도록 함으로써 NOx 및 스모크 발생을 방지할 수 있도록 연료의 분사 세팅이 이루어질 수 있게 된다.In this case, the auxiliary injection injector 20 is operated as a post-injection so that the diesel fuel in the combustion chamber is completely burned, so that the injection setting of the fuel can be made so as to prevent the generation of NOx and smoke.

다음으로, 도 4를 참조하여 설명하면, 1사이클의 디젤 연료가 분사되는 총 분사시간에 동안 보조분사 인젝터(20)에 의해 최초 예비분사로 전분사 동작이 이루어지고, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 동작된 후 주분사 인젝터(10)가 동작하며, 상기 주분사 인젝터(10)가 동작된 후 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 동작하여 후분사가 이루어져 보조분사 인젝터(20)와 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의해 다단분사가 이루어질 수 있다.4, the pre-injection operation is performed by the pre-injection by the auxiliary injection injector 20 for the total injection time during which one cycle of diesel fuel is injected, and the sub injection operation is performed by the auxiliary injection injector 20, The main injection injector 10 is operated and the auxiliary injection injector 20 operates after the main injection injector 10 is operated so that the auxiliary injection injector 20 and the main injection injector 10 The multi-stage injection can be performed.

이때, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 엔진의 운전 상태에 따라 제어부(30)의 제어를 받아 주분사 전, 후단계에 연료가 분사되도록 분사시기, 분사기간 및 분사량이 설정되고, 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의한 주분사의 분사시간 보다 짧고 분사량이 적게 분사되도록 설정 된다.At this time, the sub injection injector 20 is controlled by the control unit 30 according to the operation state of the engine, and the injection timing, the injection period and the injection amount are set so that the fuel is injected before and after the main injection, 10) and the injection amount is set to be smaller than the injection time of the main injection.

이 경우, 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 전분사 및 후분사로 동작되도록 함으로써 폭발성능을 향상시켜 연비증가 효과를 얻을 수 있고, 연소실 내 디젤 연료를 완전히 연소되도록 함으로써 NOx 및 스모크 발생을 방지할 수 있도록 연료의 분사 세팅이 이루어질 수 있게 된다.In this case, the auxiliary injection injector 20 is operated by the pre-injection and the post injection so that the explosion performance is improved and the effect of increasing the fuel consumption can be obtained and the diesel fuel in the combustion chamber can be completely burned to prevent NOx and smoke The injection setting of the fuel can be made.

한편, 도 5 내지 도 6을 참조하여 설명하면, 상기 보조분사 인젝터(20)는 주분사 인젝터(10)가 동작하기전, 후단계에 동작되되 엔진의 운전 상황에 따라 여러 단계에 걸쳐 다단분사되도록 설정될 수도 있다.5 to 6, the sub injection injector 20 is operated at a stage before and after the main injection injector 10 is operated, so as to be multi-stage injected in various stages according to the operation state of the engine May be set.

상기와 같이, 기계식으로 동작하는 주분사 인젝터(10)와 전자식으로 동작하는 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 각각 독립적으로 동작될 수 있도록 구성함으로써 엔진의 부품에 가해지는 부하 및 소음을 감소시킬 수 있게 된다.As described above, the main injection injector 10, which operates mechanically, and the auxiliary injection injector 20, which operates electronically, can be independently operated, so that the load and noise applied to parts of the engine can be reduced .

또한, 전분사, 주분사 및 후분사의 분사 설정치를 각 엔진의 사양에 맞게 최저 연료 사용구간에 맞춰 설정 가능함으로써 연비 향상 효과를 얻을 수 있게 된다.Further, it is possible to set the injection set values of the front injection, the main injection, and the rear injection according to the specification of each engine so as to match the minimum fuel usage period, thereby achieving the fuel efficiency improvement effect.

한편, 경우에 따라 보조분사 인젝터(20)와 연관된 전자기기의 문제 발생시 주분사 인젝터(10)와 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 병행하여 운용함으로써 기계식 주분사 인젝터(10)가 일시적으로 독립 동작되도록 하여 엔진이 정지하는 위험한 상황에 대처할 수 있게 된다.In some cases, when the trouble of the electronic apparatus associated with the auxiliary injection injector 20 occurs, the main injection injector 10 and the auxiliary injection injector 20 are operated in parallel to make the mechanical main injection injector 10 temporarily operate independently It is possible to cope with a dangerous situation in which the engine stops.

이하에서는 도 2 내지 도 6을 참조하여 상기 설명한 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템의 작용에 대하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, the operation of the fuel injection system for the diesel fuel engine described above with reference to Figs. 2 to 6 will be described.

먼저, 주분사 인젝터(10)에 의한 주분사 전, 후단계에 보조분사 인젝터(20)를 통해 전분사 또는 후분사 동작이 실시된다.First, the pre-injection or post-injection operation is performed through the auxiliary injection injector 20 before and after the main injection by the main injection injector 10.

이때, 보조분사 인젝터(20)의 분사시기, 기간 및 분사량이 해당 디젤 엔진의 운전 상황에 대응하여 사전에 기설정된 설정값으로 동작하게 되고, 이에 따라 주분사 설정값도 정해지게 된다.At this time, the injection timing, duration, and injection amount of the auxiliary injection injector 20 are set to a predetermined set value corresponding to the operation state of the corresponding diesel engine, thereby setting the main injection set value.

따라서, 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 전분사 또는 후분사로 동작할 경우 주분사 대비 소량의 연료가 분사되게 된다.Accordingly, when the auxiliary injection injector 20 is operated as the pre-injection or the post-injection, a small amount of fuel is injected relative to the main injection.

또한, 엔진의 운전 상황에 맞춰 보조분사 인젝터(20)에 의한 전분사 또는 후분사 시 다단으로 분사될 수도 있게 된다.In addition, according to the operation state of the engine, it may be injected in multi-stages at the time of pre-injection or post-injection by the auxiliary injection injector 20.

상기 설명한 바와 같이, 기계식 인젝터를 주분사 인젝터(10)로 사용하고, 전자식 인젝터를 보조분사 인젝터(20)로 사용하여 주분사 전단계 또는 후단계에 보조분사 인젝터(20)가 작동하여 디젤연료를 다단으로 미세하게 분사할 수 있게 된다.As described above, the mechanical injector is used as the main injection injector 10, and the electronic injector is used as the sub injection injector 20 so that the auxiliary injection injector 20 is operated in the pre-main injection stage or the following stage, As shown in FIG.

이에 따라, 착화 효율성이 높여 연비를 향상시키고 연료의 완전연소를 통해 NOx 및 스모크 발생을 줄일 수 있는 특징이 있는 것이다.Accordingly, the ignition efficiency is improved, fuel economy is improved, and NOx and smoke generation are reduced through complete combustion of the fuel.

한편, 본 발명은 앞서 설명한 실시예로 한정되는 것이 아니라 본 발명의 요지를 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 수정 및 변형하여 실시할 수 있고, 그러한 수정 및 변형이 가해진 것도 본 발명의 기술적 사상에 속하는 것으로 보아야 한다.While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. .

1: 실린더 2: 흡기포트
10: 주분사 인젝터 20: 보조분사 인젝터
30: 제어부1: cylinder 2: intake port
10: main injection injector 20: auxiliary injection injector
30:

Claims (6)

단독 디젤엔진 또는 DF(Dual Fuel)엔진에서 디젤 모드 시 디젤 연료의 분사 시스템에 있어서,
실린더에 설치되고 디젤 연료를 분사하는 주분사 인젝터;
상기 주분사 인젝터가 작동하기 전 단계 또는 후 단계에 주분사 인젝터에서 분사되는 연료 대비 소량의 디젤 연료가 분사되는 보조분사 인젝터; 및
상기 보조분사 인젝터의 연료 분사시기 및 분사량을 제어하는 제어부;를 포함하고,
상기 주분사 인젝터 및 보조분사 인젝터를 통해 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템.In a diesel fuel injection system in a diesel mode in a single diesel engine or a dual fuel (DF) engine,
A main injection injector installed in the cylinder and injecting diesel fuel;
An auxiliary injection injector injecting a small amount of diesel fuel relative to fuel injected from the main injection injector before or after the main injection injector is operated; And
And a control unit for controlling a fuel injection timing and an injection amount of the sub injection injector,
Wherein the multi-stage injection is performed through the main injection injector and the auxiliary injection injector. 제 1항에 있어서,
상기 주분사 인젝터는 연료캠 형상 및 운전조건에 대응하여 연료 분사 특성을 결정하는 기계식 인젝터이고,
상기 보조분사 인젝터는 전기적 신호에 따라 연료 분사시기 및 분사량을 실린더 별로 독립적으로 제어 가능한 전자식 인젝터인 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the main injection injector is a mechanical injector for determining a fuel injection characteristic corresponding to a shape of a fuel cam and an operation condition,
Wherein the auxiliary injection injector is an electronic injector capable of independently controlling a fuel injection timing and an injection amount according to an electrical signal in each cylinder. 제 1항에 있어서,
보조분사 인젝터에 의해 최초 예비분사 동작이 이루어지고,
상기 보조분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 주분사 인젝터가 동작하여 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
The initial pre-injection operation is performed by the auxiliary injection injector,
Wherein the main injection injector is operated after the operation of the auxiliary injection injector, so that multi-injection is performed. 제 1항에 있어서,
최초 주분사 인젝터가 동작하고,
상기 주분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 보조분사 인젝터가 동작하여 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
The first main injection injector operates,
Wherein the main injection injector is operated and the sub injection injector is operated to perform the multi-stage injection. 제 1항에 있어서,
보조분사 인젝터에 의해 최초 예비분사 동작이 이루어지고,
상기 보조분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 주분사 인젝터가 동작하며,
상기 주분사 인젝터가 동작된 후 보조분사 인젝터가 동작하여 다단분사가 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템.The method according to claim 1,
The initial pre-injection operation is performed by the auxiliary injection injector,
The main injection injector is operated after the auxiliary injection injector is operated,
Wherein the main injection injector is operated and the sub injection injector is operated to perform the multi-stage injection. 제 1항 내지 제 5항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,
상기 보조분사 인젝터는, 여러 단계에 걸쳐 다단분사 되는 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤연료엔진용 연료분사 시스템.6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Wherein the auxiliary injection injector is multi-stage injected in various stages.
KR1020150150845A 2015-10-29 2015-10-29 Fuel injection system for diesel-fueled engine KR20170051576A (en)

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