KR20170039869A - Cross-shape electrically steerable passive array radiators antenna - Google Patents

Cross-shape electrically steerable passive array radiators antenna Download PDF

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KR20170039869A
KR20170039869A KR1020150138960A KR20150138960A KR20170039869A KR 20170039869 A KR20170039869 A KR 20170039869A KR 1020150138960 A KR1020150138960 A KR 1020150138960A KR 20150138960 A KR20150138960 A KR 20150138960A KR 20170039869 A KR20170039869 A KR 20170039869A
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South Korea
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parasitic
substrates
antenna
elements
active
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KR1020150138960A
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Korean (ko)
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KR102002201B1 (en
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최학근
오정훈
김규보
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단국대학교 천안캠퍼스 산학협력단
한국전자통신연구원
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/005—Patch antenna using one or more coplanar parasitic elements

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A crossed ESPAR antenna is disclosed. A cross-shaped ESPAR antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a ground for grounding an antenna; And four substrates intersecting in a cross shape on the ground, wherein active elements are arranged in a central portion where the substrates are in contact with each other, and at least one parasitic element is arranged on each of the substrates Respectively.

Description

[0001] CROSS-SHAPE ELECTRICALLY STEERABLE PASSIVE ARRAY RADIATORS ANTENNA [0002]

The present invention relates to a broadband antenna, and more particularly to a cruciform ESPAR (self steerable passive array radiator) antenna having a self-similar structure.

Traditional antennas are composed of an array of many antenna elements, each of which requires its own transmit and receive RF front end with RF filter, low noise amplifier, mixer and RF power amplifier. Each device requires its own analogue-to-digital (A / D) and digital-to-analogue (D / A) converters.

In contrast, the Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna corresponds to a low cost smart antenna using a single RF front end. An ESPAR (Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator) antenna can steer the main beam towards a desired user while forming a null in the direction of the interfering signal. The Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antenna is one of the key technologies for next-generation terrestrial wireless communications, satellite communications and radar. Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator (ESPAR) antennas can significantly increase the capacity of a wireless communication network by reducing the transmitted power and increasing the spectral efficiency. An ESPAR (Electronically Steerable Parasitic Array Radiator) antenna with increased gain can reduce the signal-to-noise in the digital link, thereby reducing the bit error rate of the communication link. This allows the receiver to operate at a higher data rate.

However, the ESPAR antenna is characterized by its small antenna gain and a problem of return loss.

A problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cross-shaped ESPAR antenna having a radiation pattern with the same gain regardless of bandwidth improvement and frequency variation.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cross-shaped ESPAR antenna including: a ground for grounding an antenna; And four substrates intersecting in a cross shape on the ground, wherein active elements are arranged in a central portion where the substrates are in contact with each other, and at least one parasitic element is arranged on each of the substrates Respectively.

Here, the active element is arranged across two different substrates at the central portion.

Here, the active elements are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrates.

Here, the parasitic elements are arranged at a constant interval from the active elements.

Here, the parasitic elements are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrates.

Here, the active element and the parasitic element have a self-similarity structure.

Here, the active element may be formed by combining at least one or more partial active elements whose size is adjusted according to a scaling factor, and the parasitic element may include at least one or more partial parasitic elements sized according to the scaling factor Respectively.

According to the present invention, it is possible to satisfy the reflection loss characteristics of less than -15 [dB] in the 700 [MHz] band from 1.7 [GHz] to 2.4 [GHz] using the self-similar element, So that a gain can be obtained. That is, according to the present invention, the bandwidth is improved and a radiation pattern having the same gain can be obtained irrespective of the frequency change.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a cross-shaped ESPAR antenna having a self-similar structure according to the present invention.
2 is a reference diagram for explaining a process of forming an active element and a parasitic element having a self-similar structure.
3 is an exemplary graph for comparing the return loss characteristics between a conventional ESPAR antenna and a cross-shaped ESPAR antenna according to the present invention.
4 is a reference view illustrating a side surface of a substrate on which active elements and parasitic elements are arranged.
5 is an exemplary graph for comparing reflection loss characteristics with changes in the scaling factor S;
6 is an exemplary graph for comparing the reflection loss characteristics according to the height variation of the first partial element.

While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof are shown by way of example in the drawings and will herein be described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments, but includes all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. And / or < / RTI > includes any combination of a plurality of related listed items or any of a plurality of related listed items.

It is to be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected or connected to the other element, . On the other hand, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" or "directly connected" to another element, it should be understood that there are no other elements in between.

The terminology used in this application is used only to describe a specific embodiment and is not intended to limit the invention. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, or combinations thereof.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms used herein, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant art and are to be interpreted in an ideal or overly formal sense unless explicitly defined in the present application Do not.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same constituent elements in the drawings and redundant explanations for the same constituent elements are omitted.

1 is a perspective view illustrating a cross-shaped ESPAR antenna having a self-similar structure according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the cross-shaped ESPAR antenna includes a ground 100 and four substrates 120.

The ground 100 functions as a ground for the antenna. That is, the ground 100 has a grounding function for each of the parasitic elements 1 to 4 (140, 142, 144, 146) provided on the four substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124, 126) . The cross-shaped ESPAR antenna according to the present invention has an omni-directional monopole structure in that it includes a ground (100).

The substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124, 126) cross over the ground 100 in a cross shape. Each of the substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124, 126) may have a structural characteristic with a dielectric constant of 4.3 and a thickness of 1.6 [mm] and may be formed vertically on the ground 100 .

Active elements 130 are arranged in the central portion where the substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124, 126) are in contact with each other.

The active element 130 is arranged across two different substrates in the central portion of the substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124 and 126) 120, 122, 124, and 126, respectively. 1, a part of the active element 130 is arranged on both the substrate 1 120 and the substrate 2 122, and a part of the active element 130 is arranged on both sides of the substrate 2 122 and the substrate 3 Other portions of the active device 130 are arranged and another portion of the active device 130 is arranged over both the substrate 3 124 and the substrate 4 126. The substrate 4 126 and the substrate 1 And another portion of the active element 130 is arranged on both sides of the active element 120.

Parasitic elements 140, 142, 144 and 146 are arranged on the substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124 and 126), respectively. Particularly, the parasitic elements 1 to 4 (140, 142, 144, and 146) are arranged at regular intervals from the active elements 130, respectively. The reactance is loaded on the parasitic elements 1 to 4 (140, 142, 144, 146). 1, the parasitic elements 1 to 4 (140, 142, 144, and 146) are arranged on opposite sides of each of the substrates 1 to 4 (120, 122, 124, and 126) That is, the parasitic elements 1 (140) are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrate 1 (120), the parasitic elements 2 (142) are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrate 2 The parasitic elements 3 144 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrate 4 126. The parasitic elements 4 146 are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrate 4 126.

The active element 130 may be formed by combining at least one or more partial active elements sized according to a scaling factor and the parasitic elements 1 to 4 (140, 142, 144, 146) And at least one partial parasitic element whose size is adjusted according to the scaling factor may be formed by combining at least one or more partial parasitic elements that are adjusted in size according to the scaling factor, Can be combined to form a final parasitic element. Such a structure is also referred to as a self-similarity structure or a fractal structure.

The self-similarity structure, that is, the fractal structure, has a characteristic of self-similarity and recursiveness, in that a simple partial structure is continuously rolled up to create a complex overall structure. Accordingly, active elements or parasitic elements having a self-similar structure are formed by combining the scaled sub-elements according to the scaling factor. The scaling factor can be determined by the size reduction ratio of the fractal structure.

2 is a reference diagram for explaining a process of forming an active element and a parasitic element having a self-similar structure. Fig. 2 (a) illustrates a first partial element in the form of an inverted triangle for forming an active element or a parasitic element. The first sub-element is formed by the first fractal iteration, the length of one side is denoted by L a and the height is denoted by H a . FIG. 2 (b) illustrates a form in which a second partial element of reduced size of the first partial element shown in FIG. 2 (a) is coupled to each surface of the first partial element. The second part element is to be formed by a second fractal iteration, the length of one side is represented by H b is shown as L b, the height. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the second partial element can be combined with one element on each side of the first partial element, that is, a total of three elements. FIG. 2 (c) illustrates a form in which a third sub-element having a reduced size of the first sub-element is coupled to each surface of the second sub-element. The third part element is to be formed by the third fractal iteration, the length of one side is represented by H c L c is represented by the height. As shown in Fig. 2 (c), the third sub-elements can be coupled to the two sides of the second sub-element, respectively. In that the second sub-elements are coupled to the first sub-elements, a total of six elements can be coupled to the second sub-elements, respectively, in the third sub-element.

3 is an exemplary graph for comparing the return loss characteristics between a conventional ESPAR antenna and a cross-shaped ESPAR antenna according to the present invention. In the conventional ESPAR antenna shown in Fig. 3, the arrangement radius of the active element and the parasitic element is 80 [mm], and the dipole element has the diameter of 5 [mm] and the height of 71 [mm]. Conventional ESPAR antennas have a return loss of less than -15 [dB] in the 100 [MHz] band from 1.97 [GHz] to 2.07 [GHz]. Meanwhile, the cross-shaped ESPAR antenna of the present invention may be formed of four substrates having a height of 60 [mm] on a circular ground having a diameter of 160 [mm]. When the active element and the parasitic element of the cross-shaped ESPAR antenna of the present invention are formed of only the first partial element of FIG. 2 (a), the length of one side of the first partial element can be 34.64 [mm] and the height of 30 [mm] have. In addition, when the active element and the parasitic element couple the second partial element of FIG. 2 (b), the length of one side of the second partial element can be 11.43 [mm] and the height of 9.9 [mm]. When the active element and the parasitic element are coupled to the third partial element of FIG. 2 (c), the length of one side of the third partial element can be 3.77 [mm] and the height of 3.26 [mm]. As shown in FIG. 3, the cross-shaped ESPAR antenna shows improvement in reflection loss and increase in bandwidth as the fractal structure of the active element and the parasitic element are repeatedly combined. Therefore, when the active element and the parasitic element are coupled to the third partial element of FIG. 2 (c), the return loss characteristic of less than -15 [dB] in the 700 [MHz] band from 1.7 [GHz] to 2.4 [ Can satisfy.

4 is a reference view illustrating a side surface of a substrate on which active elements and parasitic elements are arranged. H denotes the total height of the substrate, and H 1 denotes the height of the first sub-element according to the first fractal iteration. H 2 denotes the height of the second partial element according to the second fractal repetition, and L denotes the spacing between the center of the active element and the parasitic element. Further, D means the total length of the substrate. At this time, H 2 can be calculated by multiplying H 1 by the scaling factor (S). This can be expressed as follows.

Figure pat00001

Here, H n denotes the height of the n-th sub-element according to the n-th fractal repetition, and S denotes the scaling factor.

5 is an exemplary graph for comparing reflection loss characteristics with changes in the scaling factor S; At this time, the scaling factor can be changed while maintaining a difference of 0.02 from 0.29 to 0.37. As shown in Fig. 5, it can be seen that as the scaling factor increases, the curve moves at a low resonance frequency and also the return loss improves.

6 is an exemplary graph for comparing the reflection loss characteristics according to the height variation of the first partial element. At this time, the height H 1 of the first partial element can be changed while maintaining the difference of 2 [mm] from 28 [mm] to 34 [mm]. 6, it is possible to satisfy the reflection loss characteristic of less than -15 [dB] in the 700 [MHz] band from 1.7 [GHz] to 2.4 [GHz] when the height H 1 is 30 [mm] .

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be possible.

100: Ground
120, 122, 124, 126: substrates 1 to 4
130: active element
140, 142, 144, 146: Parasitic elements 1 to 4

Claims (7)

A ground for grounding the antenna; And
And four substrates crossed cross-over the ground,
Wherein an active element is arranged at a center portion where the substrates are in contact with each other, and at least one parasitic element is arranged on the substrates. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the active element is arranged across two different substrates at the central portion. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the active elements are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the substrates. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the parasitic element is arranged at a constant interval from the active element. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the parasitic elements are arranged on opposite sides of each of the substrates opposite to each other. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the active element and the parasitic element have a self-similarity structure. The method of claim 6,
Wherein the active element is formed by combining at least one or more partially active elements scaled according to a scaling factor and the parasitic element combines at least one or more partial parasitic elements sized according to the scaling factor Shaped ESPAR antenna.
KR1020150138960A 2015-10-02 2015-10-02 Cross-shape electrically steerable passive array radiators antenna KR102002201B1 (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080105398A (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 삼성탈레스 주식회사 Multi resonant broadband antenna
KR20120086838A (en) * 2011-01-27 2012-08-06 엘에스전선 주식회사 Broad-band dual polarization dipole antenna on PCB type
KR20140128193A (en) * 2013-04-28 2014-11-05 주식회사 굿텔 Multi band antenna

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080105398A (en) * 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 삼성탈레스 주식회사 Multi resonant broadband antenna
KR20120086838A (en) * 2011-01-27 2012-08-06 엘에스전선 주식회사 Broad-band dual polarization dipole antenna on PCB type
KR20140128193A (en) * 2013-04-28 2014-11-05 주식회사 굿텔 Multi band antenna

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