CN209766653U

CN209766653U - broadband panel antenna with low sidelobe and no grating lobe

Info

Publication number: CN209766653U
Application number: CN201920361477.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 章朋; 徐文虎
Original assignee: Nanjing Soft Wave Reputation Electronic Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Soft Wave Reputation Electronic Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-03-21
Filing date: 2019-03-21
Publication date: 2019-12-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a broadband panel antenna of low vice lamella gridless lamella, including radiation layer, resonant cavity layer and feed network layer, the back at the radiation layer is established through integrative two-sided on the resonant cavity layer, the outside at the resonant cavity is established on feed network layer, wherein: the planar antenna is characterized in that the radiation layer is provided with isolation bars, a slot between the isolation bars is provided with a slot unit array, each resonant cavity on the resonant cavity layer is connected with four slot units to form a radiator, the outline size of a single resonant cavity is consistent with the outline size of the four slot units, and parameters such as the width W of the isolation bars of the radiation layer, the ratio t of the edge distance s of the isolation bars, the height h of the bars, the length l of the slots, the width W of the slots and the like are optimized to overcome the strong coupling caused by the reduction of the spacing of the radiation slots and the change of resonance conditions, so that the broadband working characteristics of the antenna are still ensured on the premise of reducing the size of the planar antenna, grating lobes are completely inhibited, and the purposes of high aperture efficiency and the like.

Description

Broadband panel antenna with low sidelobe and no grating lobe

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the panel antenna, especially, relate to a gap array antenna who adopts waveguide network feed.

Background

at present, the flat panel antenna is widely applied to the fields of vehicle-mounted satellite communication ground antennas, portable stations and the like due to the technical characteristics of low profile, high efficiency, low cost and the like. Although researchers do a lot of work on the technical details of bandwidth expansion, side lobe suppression and the like of the antenna in the form, for the application of the satellite communication field, especially the vehicle-mounted platform, the antenna in the form needs to be further reduced in size, and meanwhile, the characteristics of wide frequency band, high efficiency and low side lobe are retained, which is a great challenge for antenna designers. The receiving-transmitting duplex satellite ground station antenna can cover two frequency bands of 10.7-12.75 GHz (receiving) and 14-14.5 GHz (transmitting), and meanwhile, the antenna is required to have a lower side lobe level (less than 15dB) and cannot have a grating lobe, so that misjudgment of a servo system is avoided. The antenna disclosed in the patent CN203277633U, CN103531892A is narrow in band and can only operate in a single-transmitting (receiving) state, according to the antenna size data disclosed in patent CN200920107793.1, the length and width of the radiator can reach 28.68mm and 19.83mm respectively without considering the distance between the radiators, not only the structural size is large and unfavorable for moving the carrier, but also the grating lobe situation at low frequency, especially around 10.7GHz, is unpredictable in electrical performance, and meanwhile, as can be known from the feeding network disclosed in the patent, the feeding mode will have a high side lobe level (≧ 13.2dB), and is difficult to meet the requirement of practical use.

disclosure of Invention

To the defect and the technical problem that exist among the prior art, the utility model provides a broadband panel antenna of low vice lamella gridless lamella, and have miniaturized characteristics.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical scheme: the utility model provides a broadband panel antenna of low side lobe no grating lobe, includes radiation layer, resonant cavity layer and feed network layer, the back at radiation layer is established through integrative two-sided to the resonant cavity layer, the feed network layer is established in the outside of resonant cavity, wherein: the radiation layer is provided with isolation grid bars, a groove between the isolation grid bars is provided with a gap unit array, the length of each gap unit is l, the width of each gap unit is k, the central distances d between the transverse and longitudinal adjacent gap units are the same and take the value of the half wavelength of 10.7GHz frequency conversion, the width of each isolation grid bar is W, the width of each groove is S, the ratio of W/S is defined as a duty ratio t, and the depth of each groove is h; each resonant cavity on the resonant cavity layer is connected with four slit units to form a radiator (actually, the outline size of the resonant cavity is slightly smaller than the total length of the corresponding slit unit), and the parameter sizes meet the following conditions:

t＝1.2～1.6

h＝3.2～4.5mm

l＝12～13mm

k＝2～4mm

Preferably, the duty ratio t is 1.5, the depth h of the groove is 3.93mm, and the feed amplitude ratio is 0.8:1:1: 0.8.

preferably, the radiator has a length, width and thickness profile dimension of 28mm 21 mm.

Preferably, the radiation layer, the resonant cavity layer and the feed network layer are fastened by screws.

Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of it is following:

1. The flat antenna in the utility model still ensures the broadband working characteristics of the antenna on the premise of reducing the size, and completely covers two frequency bands of 10.7-12.75 GHz and 14-14.5 GHz in satellite communication;

2. The flat antenna of the utility model completely inhibits grating lobes in the whole working frequency band;

3. the utility model discloses the panel antenna keeps higher bore efficiency (more than or equal to 85%) in whole operating frequency range;

4. Planar antenna's taper range feed method can guarantee on the basis that satisfies required vice lamella level, reduces the feed network complexity to reduce design and manufacturing cost.

drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a planar antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of a radiation layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a radiation layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the feed network layer according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a return loss frequency response curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison situation of simulation and directional diagram test at 10.7GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison situation of simulation and directional diagram test at 12.7GHz in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison situation of simulation and test patterns under 14GHz

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a comparison situation of simulation and directional diagram test under 14.5GHz

The antenna comprises a radiation layer 1, a resonant cavity layer 2, a feed network layer 3, an isolation grid bar 11, a groove 12, a gap unit 13 and a resonant cavity 21; i1, I2 represent the excitation amplitude of the cells in the divided region.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the embodiments described in the following, in conjunction with the drawings. It is understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and that modifications to various equivalent forms of the present invention will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present disclosure and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

As shown in fig. 1-8, the utility model discloses a when realizing that the dull and stereotyped antenna in gap is miniaturized, guarantee enough big frequency bandwidth, avoid the gap interval to reduce and lead to the coupling to strengthen, make gap length satisfy the purpose of resonance condition in the broadband within range simultaneously, realize through following technical scheme: the antenna structure is divided into three layers, namely a radiation layer, a resonant cavity and a feed network, and for the convenience of processing and manufacturing, the radiation layer and the resonant cavity are arranged on one layer for double-sided processing, the waveguide feed network part is divided into two parts by taking the middle point of the long side of a waveguide as the center, and alignment and fastening are carried out through a positioning pin and a screw; the radiation units of the radiation layer are gaps, in order to avoid grating lobes and further reduce the size of the antenna, the gap unit spacing is 14mm, the wavelength corresponding to the lower edge frequency (10.7GHz) is 0.5, it needs to be specially mentioned that the longitudinal and transverse gaps of the gaps are equal, and the uniformity of the field on the aperture of the whole array surface is ensured to the greatest extent; because the distance between the gap unit reduces for coupling between the gap becomes strong, and gap length is difficult to satisfy the resonance condition at the broadband within range simultaneously, and these two reasons make the frequency bandwidth of antenna sharply worsen, the utility model discloses a following scheme is overcome:

firstly, in order to reduce the coupling between the gap units, the inventor finds out through a large number of experiments that the ratio of the width W of each isolation grid to the edge distance s of the adjacent isolation grid is properly increased, and the duty ratio t is defined as W/s; meanwhile, the height of the grid bars is properly increased, and in addition, the width of the gap and the size of the resonant cavity are optimized to meet the resonance condition; in order to reduce the side lobe, the tapered amplitude distribution is adopted, namely the middle is high and the two sides are low, and unequal-amplitude feeding is carried out on each radiating element. In order to miniaturize the size of the antenna, avoid grating lobes and further reduce the radiation slot spacing, the slot transverse and longitudinal spacing d is 14mm, namely, a half wavelength corresponding to 10.7 GHz. In order to overcome the change of strong coupling and resonance condition caused by the reduction of the radiation gap distance, parameters such as the ratio t of the width W of the isolation grid bars of the radiation layer to the edge distance s of the isolation grid bars, the height h of the grid bars, the length l of the gap, the width W of the gap and the like are optimized. Wherein the value range of t is 1.2-1.6, the value range of h is 3.2-4.5 mm, the value range of the gap length l is 12-13 mm, and the value range of the width is 2-4 mm.

the above is further illustrated with reference to specific examples below: in the embodiment, 4 × 8 small arrays are adopted, each four slots are connected with the rear resonant cavity to form a radiator, the center distance (horizontal and longitudinal) between every two adjacent resonant cavities is 28mm, namely the radiators are uniformly distributed in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, the duty ratio t is 1.5, the height of an isolation grating is 3.93mm, and the feeding amplitude ratio is 0.8:1:1: 0.8. Simulation and test results show that the aperture efficiency of the antenna in the embodiment is not lower than 86.5% in the whole frequency band range, the level of a side lobe of the antenna is lower than-20 dB, and specific results are shown in the attached figures 5-8 in detail.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a broadband panel antenna of low side lobe no grating lobe which characterized in that: including radiation layer, resonant cavity layer and feed network layer, the back at radiation layer is established through integrative two-sided to the resonant cavity layer, the outside at the resonant cavity is established to the feed network layer, wherein: the radiation layer is provided with isolation grid bars, a groove between the isolation grid bars is provided with a gap unit array, the length of each gap unit is l, the width of each gap unit is k, the central distances d between the transverse and longitudinal adjacent gap units are the same and take the value of the half wavelength of 10.7GHz frequency conversion, the width of each isolation grid bar is W, the width of each groove is S, the ratio of W/S is defined as a duty ratio t, and the depth of each groove is h; each resonant cavity on the resonant cavity layer is connected with four slit units to form a radiator, and the parameter sizes meet the following conditions:

t＝1.2～1.6

h＝3.2～4.5mm

l＝12～13mm

k＝2～4mm。

2. The low sidelobe grating-lobe-free broadband panel antenna of claim 1, wherein: the value of the duty ratio t is 1.5, and the value of the depth h of the groove is 3.93 mm.

3. The low sidelobe grating-lobe-free broadband panel antenna of claim 1, wherein: the radiator has a length, width and thickness profile dimension of 28mm 21 mm.

4. The low sidelobe grating-lobe-free broadband panel antenna of claim 1, wherein: and the radiation layer, the resonant cavity layer and the feed network layer are fastened through screws.