KR20170027553A - Capacitive Deionization Device and Capacitive Deionization Module - Google Patents

Capacitive Deionization Device and Capacitive Deionization Module Download PDF

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KR20170027553A
KR20170027553A KR1020150124339A KR20150124339A KR20170027553A KR 20170027553 A KR20170027553 A KR 20170027553A KR 1020150124339 A KR1020150124339 A KR 1020150124339A KR 20150124339 A KR20150124339 A KR 20150124339A KR 20170027553 A KR20170027553 A KR 20170027553A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
exchange resin
electrodes
flow path
anion exchange
cation exchange
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KR1020150124339A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101788119B1 (en
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최원준
최현성
김성주
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두산중공업 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020150124339A priority Critical patent/KR101788119B1/en
Priority to EP17188076.8A priority patent/EP3272714B8/en
Priority to EP16159655.6A priority patent/EP3090988A3/en
Priority to US15/075,840 priority patent/US10071922B2/en
Publication of KR20170027553A publication Critical patent/KR20170027553A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
    • C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
    • C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
    • B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
    • B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
    • B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
    • B01D61/48—Apparatus therefor having one or more compartments filled with ion-exchange material, e.g. electrodeionisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/42—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by ion-exchange
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
    • C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
    • C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a membrane desalination device (membrane desulfurization device) for expanding the flow path of a conventional membrane depolarization device and minimizing the fouling phenomenon and increasing the throughput, And a storage desalination module.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a capacitive deionization device and a capacitive deionization module,

The present invention relates to a membrane desalination device (membrane desulfurization device) for expanding the flow path of a conventional membrane depolarization device and minimizing the fouling phenomenon and increasing the throughput, And a storage desalination module.

Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology is a technique for removing ionic materials in raw water by using ion adsorption and desorption reactions in an electric double layer (EDL) formed at the charged electrode interface.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of a capacitive desalination technique, in which the adsorption and desorption processes of ions are shown on the charged electrode surface. Referring to FIG. 1, a process of adsorption and desorption is described. First, when a voltage is applied within a potential range where electrolysis reaction of water does not occur, a certain amount of charge is charged to the electrode. When brine water containing ions is passed through the charged electrode, ions having opposite charges to the charged electrode move to the respective electrodes by electrostatic force and are adsorbed on the surface of the electrode, and the water passing through the electrode is removed It becomes desalinated water.

At this time, since the amount of ions adsorbed on the electrode is determined according to the capacitance of the used electrode, a porous carbon electrode (Carbon Electrode) having a large specific surface area is generally used as an electrode used for CDI.

On the other hand, when the adsorption capacity of the electrode is saturated, no more ions can be adsorbed, and the ions of the influent water are directly discharged into the effluent. At this time, in order to desorb the ions adsorbed to the electrode, if the electrodes are short-circuited or the opposite potential to the adsorption potential is applied to the electrode, the electrode loses charge or has an opposite charge, and the adsorbed ions are desorbed quickly, Reproduction is performed.

As described above, the CDI technology is known as an environmentally friendly desalination process because the operation is very simple because the adsorption and desorption are performed by changing only the potential of the electrode and the environment pollutants are not discharged during the desalination process.

The MCDI (Membrane Capacitive Deionization Device), which is an improved embodiment of the CDI, is characterized in that the ion exchange membrane is formed on the electrode surface to increase the selectivity of the adsorbed ions. However, the MCDI has a problem of increasing the overall cost of the CAPEX due to the use of expensive ion exchange membranes.

On the other hand, in the conventional CDI or MCDI, the flow path is generally designed to be as narrow as about 100 mu m in order to increase the salt removal efficiency. However, such a conventional CDI or MCDI has a problem that a fouling phenomenon is likely to occur due to a narrow flow path, and a throughput is reduced, thereby deteriorating productivity. In addition, it is difficult to manufacture a CDI module having a large area due to a narrow flow path, and there is also a limit in increasing the productivity.

Accordingly, the present invention has developed a technique capable of improving the removal efficiency of the ionic material while minimizing the fouling phenomenon and increasing the throughput.

Registration No. 10-1410642 (Publication date: 2014.06.17)

In order to minimize the fouling phenomenon and increase the throughput of the ion exchange membrane, the present invention is directed to a method of removing ionic substances by ion exchange membranes, And a storage desalination module.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a capacitive desalination apparatus in which an ionic material in an influent solution is adsorbed and removed by an electrostatic force as a flowing solution flows between a pair of electrodes (10) (21) exchange resin and anion exchange resin (22) are mixed and filled in the flow path between the electrodes (10) in order to increase the flow rate of the water.

At this time, it is preferable that there is no ion exchange membrane for selectively passing ions between the pair of electrodes 10.

The thickness of the flow path formed between the electrodes 10 is preferably 0.2 mm to 10 mm.

It is preferable that the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22, which are filled in the flow path between the electrodes 10, have a diametrically opposite concentration gradient. In one embodiment, a large number of the cation exchange resins 21 are distributed on the negative electrode side, and a large number of the anion exchange resins 22 are distributed on the positive electrode side. The cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22, It is preferable to distribute it evenly in the central portion.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a storage desalination module having a series structure in which an electrode (10) and an ion exchange resin (20) are sequentially stacked and a voltage is applied to all electrodes, (21) exchange resin and the anion exchange resin (22) are mixed and filled in each channel between the anode (21) and the anion exchange resin (22).

At this time, it is preferable that there is no ion exchange membrane for selectively passing ions between the pair of electrodes 10.

The thickness of the flow path formed between the electrodes 10 is preferably 0.2 mm to 10 mm.

It is preferable that the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22, which are filled in the flow path between the neighboring electrodes 10, have the opposite concentration gradient. In one embodiment, a large number of cation exchange resins 21 are distributed on the negative electrode side, and a large number of the anion exchange resins 22 are distributed on the positive electrode side. The cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22 are adjacent to each other It is preferable to distribute it uniformly in the central portion of the flow path between one electrode 10.

The storage tank of the present invention can increase the size of the flow path to minimize the fouling phenomenon and increase the water throughput.

Further, the storage and desalination apparatus of the present invention can prevent the removal efficiency of the ionic material from being lowered by filling the channel with the ion exchange resin while expanding the channel.

Further, the storage desalination apparatus of the present invention can reduce the CAPEX cost by increasing the salt removal efficiency without using an ion exchange membrane.

In addition, the condensate desalination apparatus of the present invention is capable of producing a CDI module of a large-scale serial structure, thereby producing large capacity fresh water.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the principle of a capacitive desalination technique
Fig. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the construction and operation of a conventional MCDI apparatus.
3 and 4 - A conceptual diagram showing the configuration and operation process of a de-ionization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention
Figure 5.6 - Parallel and serial structure Conceptual diagram showing the configuration and operation of the CDI
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration and operation process of a thermal desalination device module according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail. Prior to the description, terms and words used in the present specification and claims should not be construed as limited to ordinary or dictionary terms and should be construed in a sense and concept consistent with the technical idea of the present invention.

Throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as "including" an element, it is understood that it may include other elements as well, without departing from the other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

In order to increase the removal efficiency of an ionic material, the present invention is a device for removing ionic substances in an inflowing solution by an electrostatic force while an inflow solution flows between a pair of electrodes (10) (21) exchange resin and anion exchange resin (22) are mixed and filled in the flow path between the cathode (21) and the anion exchange resin (22).

On the other hand, in the conventional CDI or MCDI, the flow path is generally designed to be as narrow as about 100 mu m in order to increase the salt removal efficiency. However, such a conventional CDI or MCDI has a problem that a fouling phenomenon is likely to occur due to a narrow channel, and the throughput is reduced. In addition, since the whole system is stopped when one flow path is blocked due to the narrow flow path, it is difficult to manufacture a CDI module having a large-scale serial structure, and there is also a limit to increasing the productivity such as large-capacity desalination.

In order to solve the fouling phenomenon and the decrease in the throughput while maintaining the salt removal efficiency, the present invention enlarges the flow path and replaces the cation exchange resin and the anion exchange resin (22) Thereby reducing electrical resistance.

That is, in the condensate desalination apparatus of the present invention, the fouling phenomenon is reduced and the amount of treated water is increased as the flow path is expanded, and the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22, In addition, the salt removal rate is improved even when the salt is removed.

In addition, the ion exchange membrane of the present invention uses a relatively low-cost ion exchange resin (about 1 million Korean won / ton), thereby making it possible to use an expensive ion exchange membrane (about 100,000 W / m 2 ) is not required to be used, so that CAPEX cost can be drastically reduced.

At this time, the thickness of the channel formed between the electrodes 10 may be designed variously according to need, but it is preferably designed to be 0.2 mm to 10 mm in order to reduce the fouling phenomenon and increase the number of treatments. If the thickness of the flow path is too small, a fouling problem may occur as in the case of a conventional condensate desalination apparatus, and if it is too large, the salt removal efficiency may be lowered.

Meanwhile, the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22 filled in the flow path between the electrodes 10 may be uniformly mixed and filled as shown in FIG. 3. However, in order to further increase the salt removal efficiency, / RTI > concentration gradient.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of the cation exchange resins 21 are distributed on the negative electrode side than on the positive electrode side, and a large number of the anion exchange resins 22 are distributed on the positive electrode side than on the negative electrode side. And it is also possible to rapidly discharge the desorbed ions by the ion exchange resin and the flow rate when the power is shut down. At this time, it is preferable that the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22 are evenly distributed in the central portion of the flow path.

On the other hand, the condensate desalination apparatus of the present invention can manufacture a serial structure CDI module which is difficult due to a narrow channel by enlarging the channel.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the parallel-type CDI module is characterized by a low-voltage, high-current structure in which the voltage is divided into a small number of cells in each cell. On the other hand, the CDI module of the series structure has a high voltage and low current structure in which the voltage is applied to all the electrodes, and the initial removal efficiency is low but the removal time is long.

In addition, CDI module of serial structure has price competitiveness compared to parallel-type CDI module because the price of power supply and control system is relatively low and SMPS (Switching Mode Power Supply) is unnecessary.

However, the conventional condensate desalination apparatus has a problem that it is difficult to fabricate a CDI module having a large-area serial structure because the whole system is stopped when one channel is blocked due to a narrow flow path.

The present invention is characterized in that it is possible to realize a CDI module having a large-area serial structure by enlarging the flow path and filling the flow path with ion exchange resin as described above. Specifically, the storage desalination module of the present invention is a storage desalination module having a series structure in which an electrode 10 and an ion exchange resin 20 are sequentially stacked and a voltage is applied to all electrodes as shown in FIG. 7, The cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22 are mixed and filled in each flow path between the neighboring electrodes 10. This structure enables large-area / large-capacity desalination without clogging of the flow path.

At this time, the thickness of the channel formed between the electrodes 10 may be designed variously according to need, but it is preferably designed to be 0.2 mm to 10 mm in order to reduce the fouling phenomenon and increase the number of treatments. If the thickness of the flow path is too small, a fouling problem may occur as in the case of a conventional condensate desalination apparatus, and if it is too large, the salt removal efficiency may be lowered.

Meanwhile, the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22 filled in the flow path between the neighboring electrodes 10 may be uniformly mixed and filled. However, in order to further increase the salt removal efficiency as described above, And may have a concentration gradient.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, a large number of the cation exchange resins 21 are distributed on the negative electrode side than on the positive electrode side, and a large number of the anion exchange resins 22 are distributed on the positive electrode side than on the negative electrode side, And it is also possible to rapidly discharge the desorbed ions by the ion exchange resin and the flow rate when the power is shut down. At this time, it is preferable that the cation exchange resin 21 and the anion exchange resin 22 are evenly distributed in the central portion of the flow path.

The above-described embodiments can realize a CDI device that minimizes the fouling phenomenon and increases the removal efficiency of the ionic material while increasing the water throughput.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiment and description, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims. And such modifications are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

10: electrode 20: ion exchange resin
21: cation exchange resin 22: anion exchange resin

Claims (12)

In which an ionic material in an influent solution is adsorbed and removed by an electrostatic force as a flowing solution flows between a pair of electrodes 10,
(21) exchange resin and anion exchange resin (22) are mixed and filled in the flow path between the electrodes (10) in order to increase the removal efficiency of the ionic substance. The method according to claim 1,
Characterized in that there is no ion exchange membrane for selectively passing ions between the pair of electrodes (10). The method according to claim 1,
And the thickness of the flow path formed between the electrodes (10) is 0.2 mm to 10 mm. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the cation exchange resin (21) and the anion exchange resin (22) filled in the flow path between the electrodes (10) have a diametrically opposite concentration gradient. 5. The method of claim 4,
A number of the cation exchange resins (21) are distributed on the negative electrode side, and a large number of the anion exchange resins (22) are distributed on the positive electrode side. 6. The method of claim 5,
Wherein the cation exchange resin (21) and the anion exchange resin (22) are evenly distributed in the central portion of the flow path. In a capacitor type desalination module having a series structure in which an electrode (10) and an ion exchange resin (20) are sequentially stacked and a voltage is applied to all the electrodes,
And the cation exchange resin and the anion exchange resin (22) are mixed and filled in each channel between the adjacent electrodes (10). 8. The method of claim 7,
Characterized in that there is no ion exchange membrane for selectively passing ions between the pair of electrodes (10). 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein a thickness of the flow path formed between the electrodes (10) is 0.2 mm to 10 mm. 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the cation exchange resin (21) and the anion exchange resin (22) filled in the flow path between the neighboring electrodes (10) have a diametrically opposite concentration gradient. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein a number of the cation exchange resins (21) are distributed on the negative electrode side, and a number of the anion exchange resins (22) are distributed on the positive electrode side. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the cation exchange resin (21) and the anion exchange resin (22) are evenly distributed in the central portion of the channel between the adjacent electrodes (10).
KR1020150124339A 2015-05-04 2015-09-02 Capacitive Deionization Device and Capacitive Deionization Module KR101788119B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020150124339A KR101788119B1 (en) 2015-09-02 2015-09-02 Capacitive Deionization Device and Capacitive Deionization Module
EP17188076.8A EP3272714B8 (en) 2015-05-04 2016-03-10 Capacitive deionization apparatus
EP16159655.6A EP3090988A3 (en) 2015-05-04 2016-03-10 Capacitive deionization apparatus
US15/075,840 US10071922B2 (en) 2015-05-04 2016-03-21 Capacitive deionization apparatus and method for manufacturing the same

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KR1020150124339A KR101788119B1 (en) 2015-09-02 2015-09-02 Capacitive Deionization Device and Capacitive Deionization Module

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20240115964A (en) 2023-01-19 2024-07-26 주식회사 오투엔비글로벌 Capacitivite deionization equipment

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101410642B1 (en) 2014-02-20 2014-06-24 (주) 시온텍 Manufacturing method of capacitive deionization electrode and capacitive deionization electrode made therefrom and CDI module using the same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100521628B1 (en) * 2003-05-30 2005-10-12 웅진코웨이주식회사 Water purifier having electrodeionization system
KR101227853B1 (en) * 2007-05-21 2013-01-31 삼성전자주식회사 Water softening apparatus

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101410642B1 (en) 2014-02-20 2014-06-24 (주) 시온텍 Manufacturing method of capacitive deionization electrode and capacitive deionization electrode made therefrom and CDI module using the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20240115964A (en) 2023-01-19 2024-07-26 주식회사 오투엔비글로벌 Capacitivite deionization equipment

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