KR20170021219A - An Apparatus for Measuring a Convergence of a Tunnel Using a Laser Sensor Array Capable of Measuring a Distance and a Method for Measuring a Convergence of a Tunnel with the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an automatic tunnel convergence measuring device using a laser distance sensor array and an automatic tunnel convergence measuring method using the same and, more specifically, relates to an automatic tunnel convergence measuring device using a laser distance sensor array enabling the measurement of tunnel convergence with the array composed of a plurality of laser distance sensors transmitting signals in different directions; and an automatic tunnel convergence measuring method using the same. The automatic tunnel convergence measuring device includes the sensor array (11) with the plurality of distance sensors (111_a to 111_n) capable of measuring a distance to a location inside a tunnel by transmitting the signals in different directions and receiving reflected signals, and a data logger unit (12) processing and storing measurement information of the signals received from each distance sensor (111_a to 111_n).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an automatic measuring device for a displacement displacement of a tunnel using a laser distance sensor array and a method for automatically measuring a displacement displacement of a tunnel by using the laser distance sensor array Tunnel with the Same}

The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring an internal displacement of a tunnel using a laser distance sensor array and a method for automatically measuring a displacement of a tunnel by using the array, and more particularly, to an array comprising a plurality of laser distance measurement sensors for transmitting signals in different directions The present invention relates to an apparatus for automatically measuring an internal displacement of a tunnel using a laser distance sensor array capable of measuring an internal displacement of a tunnel, and a method for automatically measuring a displacement displacement of a tunnel by the apparatus.

Convergence measurement is the measurement of displacement in the direction of air to detect stress change or plastic deformation of a structure such as a tunnel. The internal displacement measurement is carried out in order to secure the stability by measuring the displacement due to the relative position change due to the stress change of the tunnel lining or the displacement due to the load concentration, and estimating the collapse risk factor and determining the behavior of the structure continuously. The manual method of measuring the displacement is as follows: (i) inserting an anchor into the lining of the measurement point to fix it with grouting, resin or cement mortar; and (ii) fixing the hook of the displacement meter to anchors fixed at different locations, (Iii) periodically measuring the initial value of the internal displacement and the interval of 15 days or 30 days to detect the occurrence of the displacement of the structure. There are mechanical, electrical or optical methods for measuring the internal displacement for measuring the internal displacement.

The method using optical fiber sensor, which is one of the automatic method, has the disadvantage that it is only possible to measure the length change of the sensor, so it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the tunnel displacement and is limited to the monitoring function of the tunnel motion. In the case of a three-dimensional light source measuring system, there is a problem that the reflector and the expensive measuring equipment must be fixedly installed in the inside of the tunnel, for example, it is difficult to measure the deformation at the apex of the tunnel. However, in order to measure the displacement of the tunnel, it is necessary to install vertical and horizontal sensors and an anchor to measure the displacement of the tunnel. The BCS measurement system (Basset Convergence System), which is a variation of the EL beam sensor system, has a problem that it requires the EL beam sensor to be attached to a plurality of long axis and short axis in order to measure the deformed shape of the tunnel, and thus maintenance is difficult. The TPMS (Tunnel Profile Monitoring System) has a problem that a plurality of sensors must be installed in order to specify the deformed shape of the tunnel as in the case of the BCS measurement system. Also, DOCS (Digital Optic Conversion System) has a problem that maintenance is difficult because a plurality of sensors are installed in the lining as in other systems. Therefore, a new measurement system that can solve the problems of such a measurement system is required.

Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0062308 discloses an optical fiber FBG sensor attached to a tunnel lining by attaching a sensor attaching mechanism to a measurement point along the cross section of the lining and installing two sensors on the same measurement surface and measuring a minute length change The present invention relates to an apparatus and a system for measuring a two-dimensional displacement of a tunnel using a fiber optic sensor for measuring a displacement in two directions by calculating a two-dimensional displacement of the tunnel.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-2010-0138401 discloses a strip lining comprising a strip member formed of a strip-shaped plastic material which is fixedly installed continuously along an inner curved surface of a tunnel lining; A plurality of FBG sensors mounted on one surface of the strip member and spaced apart from each other along a major axis length direction; And an optical fiber cable connecting the plurality of FBG sensors to the tunnel lining internal displacement measuring apparatus.

It is difficult to solve the problem of the known art described above by the method of measuring the internal displacement disclosed in the prior art and a new method of measuring the internal displacement needs to be proposed.

The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art and has the following purpose.

Prior Art 1: Patent Publication No. 10-2005-0062308 (published by ATIMAX Co., Ltd., Jun. 23, 2005) Apparatus and system for measuring two-dimensional displacement displacement of a tunnel using a fiber optic sensor Prior Art 2: Open Patent Publication 10-2010-0138401 (published by Kai Sen Co., Ltd. on Dec. 31, 2010) Tunnel lining hollow displacement measuring device

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic measurement device for a tunnel in-line displacement using a laser distance sensor array that enables measurement of the internal displacement of a tunnel by analyzing a data logger received by transmitting signals in different directions, Method.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an automatic in-tunnel displacement measuring apparatus includes a sensor array having a plurality of distance measuring sensors capable of measuring a distance to a predetermined position in a tunnel by transmitting signals in different directions, receiving reflected signals, ; And a data logger unit for processing and storing measurement information of signals received from each of the distance measurement sensors.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of distance measuring sensors is a laser sensor or a radar sensor.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the angle at which the signals of the plurality of distance measuring sensors are transmitted is adjustable.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is a step of detecting the success or failure of the measurement and transmitting the signal again according to the detection result.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a method for automatically measuring an internal displacement of a tunnel includes the steps of: determining a placement position of a sensor array including a plurality of distance measurement sensors and a signal transmission angle of each distance measurement sensor; Determining a measurement period of the plurality of distance measurement sensors; Measuring a distance by transmitting a signal to a predetermined position in the tunnel by a plurality of distance measuring sensors according to the measurement period; And calculating a displacement of the predetermined position.

The automatic measuring apparatus according to the present invention is easy to install, maintain, and repair, and enables measurement of the internal displacement irrespective of whether some sensors are malfunctioning or not. The automatic measuring apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to various kinds of tunnels such as a subway tunnel, a general vehicle tunnel, or a train tunnel without being influenced by the environment change or the surrounding atmosphere. In addition, the automatic measurement method according to the present invention can be installed at an arbitrary position without damaging the tunnel itself, thereby enabling measurement of the eccentric displacement.

1A and 1B show an embodiment of an automatic displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
2 shows an embodiment of a distance measuring sensor applied to an automatic displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention.
FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an embodiment of a tunnel to which an internal displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention is applied and an automatic tunneling displacement measuring method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In the following description, components having the same reference numerals in different drawings have similar functions, so that they will not be described repeatedly unless necessary for an understanding of the invention, and the known components will be briefly described or omitted. However, It should not be understood as being excluded from the embodiment of Fig.

The apparatus and method for automatically measuring a displacement of a tunnel according to the present invention can be applied to various kinds of tunnels such as a subway tunnel, a general vehicle tunnel, or a train tunnel. The automatic measuring apparatus can measure the distance to a predetermined position of the tunnel by a plurality of distance measuring sensors and store the measured distance in the data logger unit. The distance measuring sensor can be various distance measuring sensors such as a laser sensor, a radar sensor, or an ultrasonic sensor, but a laser sensor or a radar sensor which is not affected by the surrounding environment can be advantageously applied.

1A and 1B illustrate an embodiment 10 of an automatic displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

1A and 1B, the automatic in-tunnel displacement measuring apparatus 10 includes a plurality of distance measuring sensors (not shown) for transmitting signals in different directions, receiving reflected signals, and measuring distance to a predetermined position in the tunnel A sensor array 11 having a plurality of sensors 111_a through 111_n; And a data logger unit 12 for processing and storing measurement information of the signals received from the respective distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n.

A plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n are arranged to transmit signals in different directions inside the fixed housing 13 and a plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n are arranged in a single sensor array 11, . The distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may be distance sensors such as a laser sensor for transmitting a laser beam or a radar sensor for transmitting a microwave. The plurality of distance measuring sensors 111_a to 111_n are linearly arranged to transmit signals in different directions and to receive signals reflected from predetermined positions in the tunnel and to receive signals reflected from the respective measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n Distance can be measured. The distance values measured from the respective measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may be transmitted to the data logger unit 12 and stored.

The plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may be arranged in various ways, for example, the sensor groups including at least one distance measurement sensor 111_a to 111_n may be arranged in two or three columns. The angle at which the signal is transmitted by each of the distance measuring sensors 111_a to 111_n may be set in advance based on the reference line, and the reference line may be, for example, the extending direction of the tunnel or the extending direction of the fixed housing. As described below, the signal transmission angles of the respective distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n are adjustable.

The data logger unit 12 may include a processing unit, such as a microprocessor, for processing the distance values transmitted from each of the distance measurement sensors 111_a through 111_n, and a storage medium for storing the processed distance measurement data. In addition, the data logger unit 12 may include a communication unit for transmitting the distance measurement data to a predetermined server.

The sensor array 11 is disposed inside the fixed housing 13 and the data logger unit 12 can be respectively disposed inside the logger case 14 and separated from the fixed housing 13 The logger case 14 may have a housing cover 131 and a case cover 141, respectively. However, the fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 may be integrally formed and have a structure in which they are closed by a single cover.

The fixed housing 13 can be made linear and can be independently accessed to the sensor array 11 and the data logger unit 12 as required by separating the fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 do. Only the housing cover 131 can be detached if the signal transmission angle of one distance measurement sensor (for example, 111_a) disposed inside the fixed housing 13 needs to be adjusted.

Fixed portions 133 and 143 are formed in the fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 so that the automatic displacement measuring device 10 can be fixed at a predetermined position on the bottom surface of the tunnel, for example.

The internal displacement automatic measuring apparatus 10 may be driven by an independent power source such as a battery or may be connected to an external power supply unit and driven. The independent power source can be disposed inside the fixed housing 13 or the logger case 14. The automatic displacement measuring apparatus 10 is operated periodically, for example, 15 days or 30 days, so it needs to be operated only at a predetermined measurement time. To this end, a timer may be installed and an automatic on / off device connected to the timer may be arranged. Alternatively, on / off of the internal displacement automatic measuring apparatus 10 can be periodically controlled by the communication unit provided in the data logger unit 12. [ The distance measurement data stored in the data logger unit 12 may be transmitted to a server determined by communication, but distance measurement data may be collected by direct connection. In case of a direct connection, since a communication unit does not necessarily have to be installed, a timer needs to be installed in such a case. Alternatively, the internal displacement automatic measuring apparatus 10 may be turned on / off by a remote control.

The fixed housing 13 and the logger case 14 may have a vibration or shock absorbing structure. Alternatively, it can be secured to a base having a vibration or shock absorbing structure. The fixed housing 13 or the logger case 14 having various structures can be applied to the automatic displacement measuring apparatus 10 according to the present invention and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

As described above, the distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n may have various signal transmission angles.

2 shows an embodiment of a distance measuring sensor applied to an automatic displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

2, the distance measuring sensor 111a may include a signal generator 211 and a signal inductor 212. The laser beam or microwave generated from the signal generator 211 may be generated by a signal inductor 212 And the signal LR can be transmitted to a predetermined position of the tunnel. The signal inductor 212 may function as a receiving inducer to receive a signal reflected from the inner wall surface of the tunnel, and an induction lens may be installed in the signal inducer 212 as needed.

The distance measuring sensor 111a may be provided with a rotation adjusting unit 22 and the rotation adjusting unit 22 may be fixed to the fixing bracket 23. [ The distance measuring sensor 111a may be installed to be rotatable about a rotation axis of the rotation control unit 22 and the rotation control unit 22 of a disk shape may be fixed to a fixing hole formed in the fixing bracket 23. [ A plurality of fixing brackets 23 can be linearly arranged inside the fixed housing 13 and a distance measuring sensor 111a is fixed to each fixing bracket 23 so as to be rotatable by the rotation adjusting unit 22 . When the distance measuring sensor 111a is adjusted to a predetermined angle, the distance measuring sensor 111a may be restricted in rotation by a stopper or a lock unit provided on the rotation adjusting unit 22. [

The distance measurement sensor 111a can control the signal transmission angle in various ways, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown.

FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an embodiment of a tunnel to which an internal displacement measuring apparatus according to the present invention is applied and an automatic tunneling displacement measuring method.

Referring to FIGS. 3A and 3B, a method for automatically measuring an internal displacement of a tunnel includes: (P31) determining a placement position of a sensor array including a plurality of distance measurement sensors and a signal transmission angle of each distance measurement sensor; Determining a measurement period of the plurality of distance measurement sensors (P32); A step (P34) of measuring a distance by transmitting a signal to a predetermined position inside the tunnel by a plurality of distance measuring sensors according to the measurement period; And calculating a displacement of the predetermined position (P37). Further, the automatic measurement method of the internal displacement may include detecting the success or failure of the measurement, and transmitting the signal again according to the detection result (P35).

3A, a sensor array 11 having a plurality of distance measuring sensors can be disposed at the center position of the inner surface 311 of the tunnel 31. [ For example, in the case of a train tunnel, it may be installed in the line 32 or may be installed in a base unit separately provided on the floor surface. The sensor array 11 may be installed at various positions, but not limited to, at the center of the inner surface of the tunnel.

Each of the distance measuring sensors can transmit signals LR_1 to LR_m having different directions at different positions on the tunnel inner surface 311. [ And the distance to each position can be measured by receiving the reflected signal. Also, it is possible to analyze the deformation of the tunnel by measuring the displacement with time for each location. Since the sensor array 11 is disposed at the center position of the tunnel inner surface 311, the reflected signal returns to the sensor array 11 again. However, the reflected signal may not return to the sensor array 11 depending on the structure of the inner surface 111 of the tunnel. In this case, the reflection surface may be formed on the tunnel inner surface 311 (P33). The reflecting surface can be attached to the inner surface 311 of the tunnel and can be made to face the sensor array 11.

Measurement may not be possible due to vehicle movement or train movement during the measurement process. Therefore, it is necessary to detect whether the measurement is successful (P35). If the measurement is not successful (NO), the measurement can be made again (P34). On the other hand, if the measurement is made, the corresponding data can be transmitted to the data logger unit.

In addition, the measurement error may be filtered if necessary (P36). For example, if the measured value of the measuring distance sensor is out of the expected range compared to the value measured by another distance measuring sensor, the measured value of the corresponding distance measuring sensor may be treated as an error. In such a case, the distance measuring sensor may be activated again if necessary.

The distance measurement of the sensor array 11 can be made at regular intervals, for example 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 2 hours, 15 days or 30 days, and the measured values can be stored in the data logger unit together with the measurement time. And distance measurement data stored in the data logger unit can be collected separately or transmitted to the appropriate server for use in displacement calculation and analysis (P37). Distance measurement can be done in two ways. First, the distance is measured and stored by the sensor array 11 periodically. Data that is periodically measured as needed can be moved to another storage medium either immediately after measurement or at another appropriate time, or transmitted to the tunnel management server by wireless communication. Another way of measuring the distance is by request at any time. The distance can be measured at any time by radio or by direct operation and can be transmitted to the tunnel management server immediately after the measurement data is stored.

Various measuring processes can be applied to the automatic displacement measuring method according to the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments.

The automatic measuring apparatus according to the present invention is easy to install, maintain, and repair, and enables measurement of the internal displacement irrespective of whether some sensors are malfunctioning or not. The automatic measuring apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to various kinds of tunnels such as a subway tunnel, a general vehicle tunnel, or a train tunnel without being influenced by the environment change or the surrounding atmosphere. In addition, the automatic measurement method according to the present invention can be installed at an arbitrary position without damaging the tunnel itself, thereby enabling measurement of the eccentric displacement.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention . The invention is not limited by these variations and modifications, but is limited only by the claims appended hereto.

10: Automatic measuring device for displacement in tunnel 11: Sensor array
12: Data logger unit 13: Fixed housing
14: logger case 22: rotation control unit
23: Fixing bracket 31: Tunnel
32: lines 111_a to 111_n: distance measuring sensors
131: Housing cover 133, 143: Fixing part
141: Case cover 211: Signal generator
212: Signal Indicator 311: Tunnel inner surface
LR: signals LR_1 to LR_m: signal

Claims (3)

A sensor array (11) having a plurality of distance measuring sensors (111_a to 111_n) arranged linearly so as to transmit signals in different directions and to receive reflected signals and to measure a distance to a predetermined position inside the tunnel;
A fixed housing (13) having a shock or vibration absorbing structure while the sensor array (11) is disposed inside and fixed at a predetermined position inside the tunnel;
A fixing bracket 23 linearly disposed inside the fixed housing 13;
A rotation control unit 22 coupled to the fixing bracket 23 to adjust the rotation angle of each of the plurality of distance measurement sensors 111_a to 111_n with respect to a reference line; And
And a data logger unit (12) for processing and storing measurement information of signals received from the distance measuring sensors (111_a to 111_n), respectively,
Wherein the reference line is an extension direction of the tunnel or an extension direction of the fixed housing, and the plurality of distance measurement sensors (111_a to 111_n) are periodically operated at a time determined by a timer. Device. The distance measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of distance measuring sensors (111_a to 111_n) are laser sensors or radar sensors, and on / off is periodically controlled by a communication unit provided in the data logger unit (12) Automatic displacement measuring device. Determining a placement position of the sensor array including a plurality of distance measurement sensors and a signal transmission angle of each distance measurement sensor;
Determining a measurement period of the plurality of distance measurement sensors;
Forming a reflection surface on the inner surface of the tunnel according to a structure inside the tunnel;
Measuring a distance by transmitting a signal to a predetermined position in the tunnel by a plurality of distance measuring sensors according to the measurement period; And
And calculating a displacement of the predetermined position,
Wherein the sensor array is fixed at a predetermined position inside the tunnel so that each of the distance measuring sensors has predetermined transmission angles based on the extension direction of the tunnel, And the success or failure of the tunnel is detected.

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