KR20160125109A - Gate driving device and inverter having the same - Google Patents

Gate driving device and inverter having the same Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160125109A
KR20160125109A KR1020150055858A KR20150055858A KR20160125109A KR 20160125109 A KR20160125109 A KR 20160125109A KR 1020150055858 A KR1020150055858 A KR 1020150055858A KR 20150055858 A KR20150055858 A KR 20150055858A KR 20160125109 A KR20160125109 A KR 20160125109A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
driving voltage
capacitor
side switch
gate driver
driving
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KR1020150055858A
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Korean (ko)
Inventor
정인화
오동성
김희욱
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주식회사 솔루엠
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Priority to KR1020150055858A priority Critical patent/KR20160125109A/en
Publication of KR20160125109A publication Critical patent/KR20160125109A/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a gate driving circuit includes: a first gate driver outputting a first control signal which controls a low side switch; a second gate driver outputting a second control signal controlling a high side switch; a first driving voltage generation unit providing a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage to the first gate driver; and a second driving voltage generation unit charged by using the first driving voltage and providing a third driving voltage and a fourth driving voltage to the second gate driver.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a gate driving apparatus,

The present invention relates to a gate driving apparatus driven at a high voltage and an inverter having the same.

An inverter is a circuit that converts DC power to AC power. It can control the voltage magnitude, frequency, etc. of the AC power to be output and can be used for driving a motor.

A voltage-driven power semiconductor device such as a power MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), which is a Si (silicon) series power semiconductor device, is used for such an inverter.

The voltage-driven power semiconductor device has advantages such as miniaturization of the driving circuit and low power loss compared to the current driven type semiconductor device such as thyristor.

In recent years, researches on GaN (gallium nitride) series power semiconductor devices capable of obtaining a breakdown voltage characteristic 10 times or more higher than that of a Si (silicon) series power semiconductor device have been actively conducted.

Increasing the switching frequency of such a power semiconductor device can reduce the size of a circuit element, but EMI (Electro Magnetic Interference) increases and rinsing or oscillation may occur due to parasitic inductance, There is a demand for a gate driving circuit capable of stably switching semiconductor devices.

The prior art related to the gate drive circuit can be understood with reference to the following Patent Document.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2004-0033242 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-018821

According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a gate drive circuit and an inverter having the gate drive circuit, the structure of which is capable of applying a simple bipolar gate drive voltage.

A gate driving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first gate driver for outputting a first control signal for controlling a low side switch; A second gate driver for outputting a second control signal for controlling a high side switch; A first driving voltage generator for providing a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage to the first gate driver; And a second driving voltage generator that is charged using the first driving voltage and provides the third driving voltage and the fourth driving voltage to the second gate driver.

An inverter according to another embodiment of the present invention includes an inverter arm having a high side switch and a low side switch connected in series between an input power source providing input power and ground, An inverter unit for switching the input power source to output an AC power; A first gate driver for outputting a first control signal for controlling the low side switch; A second gate driver for outputting a second control signal for controlling the high side switch; A first driving voltage generator for providing a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage to the first gate driver; And a second driving voltage generator that is charged using the first driving voltage and provides the third driving voltage and the fourth driving voltage to the second gate driver.

The gate driving circuit and the inverter having the gate driving circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention can apply the gate driving voltage of the positive polarity and the structure is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

In addition, it is possible to prevent a ringing or an oscillation phenomenon that may occur in high-frequency driving, and to reduce the occurrence of EMI due to switching noise.

1 is a circuit diagram showing an inverter including a gate driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the capacitor charging of the gate driving circuit shown in FIG.
3 is a circuit diagram showing an inverter including a gate driving circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a circuit diagram for explaining the capacitor charging of the gate driving circuit shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

However, the embodiments of the present invention can be modified into various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Further, the embodiments of the present invention are provided to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art.

In addition, in the entire specification, when a part is referred to as being 'connected' to another part, it may be referred to as 'indirectly connected' not only with 'directly connected' .

Also, to "include" an element means that it may include other elements, rather than excluding other elements, unless specifically stated otherwise.

Furthermore, terms including ordinals such as first, second, etc. used in this specification can be used to describe various elements, but the elements should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component.

1 is a circuit diagram showing an inverter including a gate driving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1, the inverter includes a gate driving circuit 110 including a first driving voltage generating unit 110, a second driving voltage generating unit 120, a first gate driving unit 130, and a second gate driving unit 140, And may include an inverter unit 100 and an inverter unit 200.

The gate driving circuit 100 outputs the first control signal SC 1 and the second control signal SC 2 to the gate of the low side switch LM included in the inverter section 200 and the gate of the high side switch HM, And the switching operation of the inverter unit 200 can be controlled.

The first driving voltage generating unit 110 may provide the first driving voltage V 1 and the second driving voltage V 2 to the first gate driver 130.

To this end, the first driving voltage generating unit 110 may include a power supply unit 111, a first capacitor C 1 , and a second capacitor C 2 .

The power supply unit 111 may supply a single driving power supply VCC.

One end of the first capacitor C 1 may be connected to the ground and the other end of the first capacitor C 1 may be connected to the positive output of the power supply unit 111.

One end of the second capacitor C 2 may be connected to the ground and the other end of the second capacitor C 2 may be connected to the negative output of the power supply unit 111.

The second driving voltage generating unit 120 is charged using the first driving voltage V 1 and supplies the third driving voltage V 3 and the fourth driving voltage V 4 to the second gate driver 140, As shown in FIG.

To this end, the second driving voltage generator 120 may include a third capacitor C 3 , a fourth capacitor C 4 , a bootstrap diode BD, and a first switch S 1 .

The bootstrap diode BD may form a current path for charging using the first driving voltage V 1 .

The third capacitor C 3 may provide a third drive voltage V 3 to the second gate driver 140 and the fourth capacitor C 4 may provide a fourth drive voltage V 4 , To the second gate driver (140).

One end of the first switch S 1 is connected to the output terminal I LOAD of the high side switch HM and the low side switch LM and the other terminal of the first switch S 1 is connected to the output terminal I LOAD of the third And may be connected between the capacitor C 3 and the fourth capacitor C 4 .

The first gate driver 130 may output a first control signal SC 1 for switching on / off the low side switch LM.

Specifically, the first gate driver 130 may receive the first driving voltage V 1 and the second driving voltage V 2 from the first driving voltage generator 110.

When the low side command signal SA for instructing the switching of the low side switch LM is input, the first gate driver 130 sets the high level to the low level of the first driving voltage V 1 , Level can output the first control signal SC 1 having the second driving voltage V 2 .

The second gate driver 140 may output a second control signal SC 2 for switching on / off the high side switch HM.

Specifically, the second gate driver 140 may receive the third driving voltage V 3 and the fourth driving voltage V 4 from the second driving voltage generator 120.

When the high side instruction signal SB indicating the switching of the high side switch HM is input, the second gate driver 140 outputs a high level signal having a voltage level of the third driving voltage V 3 , Level can output the second control signal SC 2 having the fourth driving voltage V 4 .

The inverter unit 200 includes an inverter arm having a high side switch HM and a low side switch LM connected in series between an input power source providing an input power source VDC and a ground, And may switch the input power supply VDC to output an AC power.

Although not shown, a plurality of high side switches may be connected in series to share an applied voltage, and similarly, a plurality of low side switches may be connected in series.

The first control signal SC 1 from the second gate driver 130 is input to the gate of the low side switch LM so that the switching on / off can be controlled and the gate of the high side switch HM can also be controlled The second control signal SC 2 from the gate driver 140 is input to control switching on / off.

A voltage having a voltage level of the input power source VDC may be applied to the second driving voltage generator 120 according to switching on / off of the high side switch HM.

Specifically, when the low side switch LM is switched off and the high side switch HM is switched on, a voltage having the level of the input power VDC can be applied to the output terminal I LOAD have.

Also, a voltage having the level of the input power supply VDC may be applied between the third capacitor C 3 and the fourth capacitor C 4 .

Therefore, the third driving voltage V 3 applied to the second gate driver 140 may be the sum of a voltage having the level of the input power supply VDC and a voltage charged in the third capacitor C 3 .

The fourth driving voltage V 4 applied to the second gate driver 140 may be a difference between a voltage having the level of the input power supply VDC and a voltage charged in the fourth capacitor C 4 .

Accordingly, the voltage range of the second control signal SC 2 for driving the high side switch HM can be determined by the third drive voltage V 3 and the fourth drive voltage V 4 .

2 is a circuit diagram for explaining the capacitor charging of the gate driving circuit shown in FIG.

The first driving voltage generator 110 may provide the first driving voltage V 1 and the second driving voltage V 2 to the first gate driver 130 and the first driving voltage V 1 , and a second driving voltage (V 2) may have a different polarity.

That is, the first driving voltage V 1 may have a positive voltage level and the second driving voltage V 2 may have a negative voltage level.

The voltage across the first capacitor C 1 is 12 V and the voltage across the second capacitor C 2 is 3 V when the single drive power supply VCC is 15 V. For example, .

At this time, the first driving voltage V 1 provided to the first gate driver 130 by the first driving voltage generator 110 may be 12V, and the second driving voltage V 2 may be -3V .

Accordingly, the first gate driver 130 can operate as a bipolar gate driving circuit.

The second driving voltage generating unit 120 is charged using the first driving voltage V 1 input through the bootstrap resistor BR and the third driving voltage V 3 and the fourth driving voltage V 4 May be provided to the second gate driver 140.

The bootstrap resistance BR, the third capacitor C 3 , the fourth capacitor C 4 , and the bootstrap diode (in the ON state) of the low side switch LM included in the inverter unit 200 BD) is formed.

Accordingly, the third capacitor C 3 and the fourth capacitor C 4 are charged in the ON state of the low side switch LM.

Thereafter, when the first switch S 1 is switched on, a voltage level-shifted by the voltage between both ends of the charged third capacitor C 3 , based on the voltage level of the input power source VDC, (Not shown).

When the first switch S 1 is switched on, a voltage level-shifted by the voltage across the charged fourth capacitor C 4 , based on the voltage level of the input power supply VDC, (Not shown).

That is, the second driving voltage generator 120 including the third capacitor C 3 and the fourth capacitor C 4 generates the third driving voltage V 3 and the third driving voltage V 3 in the ON state of the first switch, And may provide the fourth drive voltage V 4 to the second gate driver 140.

The third driving voltage V 3 may have a voltage level higher than the voltage level of the source terminal S of the high side switch HM and the fourth driving voltage V 4 may be higher than the voltage level of the high- May have a voltage level lower than that of the source terminal (S) of the transistor (HM).

Accordingly, the second gate driver 140 can operate as a bipolar gate drive circuit.

Such a bipolar gate driving circuit can reduce the ringing or oscillation phenomenon due to parasitic inductance that may occur in high frequency driving.

Therefore, the gate driving circuit according to the embodiment of the present invention and the inverter having the gate driving circuit according to the present invention can reduce the manufacturing cost by simplifying the structure while being able to apply the gate driving voltage of the positive polarity, have.

3 is a circuit diagram showing an inverter including a gate driving apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

3, the inverter includes a gate driving circuit 310 including a first driving voltage generator 310, a second driving voltage generator 320, a first gate driver 330, and a second gate driver 340, And may include an inverter unit 300 and an inverter unit 400.

The gate driving circuit 300 outputs the first control signal SC 1 and the second control signal SC 2 to the gate of the low side switch LM included in the inverter section 400 and the gate of the high side switch HM, So that the switching operation of the inverter unit 400 can be controlled.

The second driving voltage generator 320 is charged using the first driving voltage V 1 and the third driving voltage V 3 and the fourth driving voltage V 4 are charged using the second gate driver 340, As shown in FIG.

To this end, the second driving voltage generator 320 may include a third capacitor C 3 , a fourth capacitor C 4 , a bootstrap diode BD, and a first switch S 1 .

Also, the second driving voltage generator 320 may include a fifth capacitor C 5 .

The bootstrap diode BD may form a current path for charging using the first driving voltage V 1 .

The third capacitor C 3 may provide the third drive voltage V 3 to the second gate driver 340 and the fourth capacitor C 4 may provide the fourth drive voltage V 4 , To the second gate driver (340).

One end of the first switch S 1 may be connected to the third capacitor C 3 and the other end of the first switch S 1 may be connected to the fifth capacitor C 5 .

Other configurations and functions may be the same as those described with reference to FIG. 1, so that a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

4 is a circuit diagram for explaining charging of a capacitor of the gate driving apparatus shown in FIG.

The capacitor charging of the first driving voltage generating unit 310 may be the same as that described with reference to FIG. 3, and therefore, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

A second driving voltage generating part 320 is filled with a first drive voltage (V1) is input through a bootstrap resistor (BR), a third drive voltage (V 3) and the fourth drive voltage (V 4) To the second gate driver (340).

The current path passing through the bootstrap resistor BR, the fifth capacitor C 5 and the bootstrap diode BD is formed in the ON state of the low side switch LM included in the inverter unit 400 do.

Accordingly, the fifth capacitor C 5 is charged in the ON state of the low side switch LM.

Thereafter, when the first switch S 1 is turned on at the OFF time of the low side switch and the high side switch (DEAD TIME), the energy of the fifth capacitor C 5 May be charged in the third capacitor (C 3 ) and the fourth capacitor (C 4 ).

Accordingly, a voltage level-shifted by the voltage across the charged third capacitor C 3 can be provided to the second gate driver 340 based on the voltage level of the input power supply VDC.

In addition, a voltage level-shifted by the voltage across the charged fourth capacitor C 4 may be provided to the second gate driver 340 based on the voltage level of the input power supply VDC.

In other words, the second driving voltage generator 320 including the third capacitor C 3 and the fourth capacitor C 4 outputs the third driving voltage V 3 and the fourth driving voltage V 4 to the second To the gate driver (340).

The third driving voltage V 3 may have a voltage level higher than the voltage level of the source terminal S of the high side switch HM and the fourth driving voltage V 4 may be higher than the voltage level of the high- May have a voltage level lower than that of the source terminal (S) of the transistor (HM).

Accordingly, the second gate driver 340 can operate as a bipolar gate drive circuit.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

100, 300: Gate driving circuit
110, 310: a first driving voltage generator
120, 320: a second driving voltage generator
130, 330: a first gate driver
140, 340: a second gate driver
200, 400: Inverter section

Claims (29)

A first gate driver for outputting a first control signal for controlling a low side switch;
A second gate driver for outputting a second control signal for controlling a high side switch;
A first driving voltage generator for providing a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage to the first gate driver; And
A second driving voltage generating unit that is charged using the first driving voltage and provides a third driving voltage and a fourth driving voltage to the second gate driver,
And a gate driving circuit.
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the second driving voltage has a negative voltage level and the fourth driving voltage has a voltage level lower than the voltage level of the source terminal of the high side switch.
2. The plasma display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first driving voltage generator
A power supply for supplying a single driving power;
A first capacitor having one end connected to ground and the other end connected to a positive output of the single drive power supply; And
One end of which is connected to the ground and the other end of which is connected to the negative output of the single drive power supply,
And a gate driving circuit.
2. The plasma display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a boot strap diode forming a current path for charging using the first driving voltage.
2. The plasma display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a third capacitor and a fourth capacitor for providing the third drive voltage and the fourth drive voltage to the second gate driver.
The plasma display apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a first switch having one end connected to an output end between the high side switch and the low side switch and the other end connected to the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
The plasma display apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And provides the third drive voltage and the fourth drive voltage to the second gate driver in the ON state of the first switch.
The plasma display apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a fifth capacitor charged in an ON state of the low side switch.
9. The plasma display apparatus of claim 8, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a first switch having one end connected to the third capacitor and the other end connected to the fifth capacitor.
10. The plasma display apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second driving voltage generator
Wherein the first switch is turned on when the low-side switch and the high-side switch are in an OFF state to charge the energy of the fifth capacitor to the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor, .
A power supply apparatus comprising: an inverter arm having a high side switch and a low side switch connected in series between an input power supply terminal for providing an input power source and a ground and switching the input power supply to output an AC power An inverter section;
A first gate driver for outputting a first control signal for controlling the low side switch;
A second gate driver for outputting a second control signal for controlling the high side switch;
A first driving voltage generator for providing a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage to the first gate driver; And
A second driving voltage generating unit that is charged using the first driving voltage and provides a third driving voltage and a fourth driving voltage to the second gate driver,
≪ / RTI >
12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the second driving voltage has a negative voltage level and the fourth driving voltage has a voltage level lower than the voltage level of the source terminal of the high side switch.
12. The plasma display apparatus of claim 11, wherein the first driving voltage generator
A power supply for supplying a single driving power;
A first capacitor having one end connected to ground and the other end connected to a positive output of the single drive power supply; And
One end of which is connected to the ground and the other end of which is connected to the negative output of the single drive power supply,
≪ / RTI >
12. The plasma display apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a boot strap diode forming a current path for charging using the first drive voltage.
12. The plasma display apparatus of claim 11, wherein the second driving voltage generator
A third capacitor and a fourth capacitor for providing the third drive voltage and the fourth drive voltage to the second gate driver.
16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a first switch, one end of which is connected to the output end between the high side switch and the low side switch, and the other end is connected between the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
17. The display device according to claim 16, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And provides the third drive voltage and the fourth drive voltage to the second gate driver in the ON state of the first switch.
16. The display device according to claim 15, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a fifth capacitor charged in the ON state of the low side switch.
19. The method of claim 18, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a first switch having one end connected to the third capacitor and the other end connected to the fifth capacitor.
20. The display device according to claim 19, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And the first switch is switched on to charge the energy of the fifth capacitor to the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor in the OFF state of the low side switch and the high side switch.
A power supply apparatus comprising: an inverter arm having a high side switch and a low side switch connected in series between an input power supply terminal for providing an input power source and a ground and switching the input power supply to output an AC power An inverter section;
A first gate driver for outputting a first control signal for controlling the low side switch;
A second gate driver for outputting a second control signal for controlling the high side switch;
A first driving voltage generator for providing a first driving voltage having a positive voltage level and a second driving voltage having a negative voltage level to the first gate driver; And
A second driving voltage generating unit for providing the second gate driver with a third driving voltage having a higher voltage level than the source terminal of the high side switch and a fourth driving voltage having a voltage level lower than the source terminal of the high side switch,
≪ / RTI >
22. The display device according to claim 21, wherein the first driving voltage generator
A power supply for supplying a single driving power;
A first capacitor having one end connected to ground and the other end connected to a positive output of the single drive power supply; And
One end of which is connected to the ground and the other end of which is connected to the negative output of the single drive power supply,
≪ / RTI >
22. The plasma display apparatus of claim 21, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a boot strap diode forming a current path for charging using the first drive voltage.
22. The plasma display apparatus of claim 21, wherein the second driving voltage generator
A third capacitor and a fourth capacitor for providing the third drive voltage and the fourth drive voltage to the second gate driver.
25. The display device according to claim 24, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a first switch, one end of which is connected to the output end between the high side switch and the low side switch, and the other end is connected between the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor.
26. The display device according to claim 25, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And provides the third drive voltage and the fourth drive voltage to the second gate driver in the ON state of the first switch.
25. The display device according to claim 24, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a fifth capacitor charged in the ON state of the low side switch.
28. The driving method according to claim 27, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And a first switch having one end connected to the third capacitor and the other end connected to the fifth capacitor.
29. The display device according to claim 28, wherein the second driving voltage generator
And the first switch is switched on to charge the energy of the fifth capacitor to the third capacitor and the fourth capacitor in the OFF state of the low side switch and the high side switch.
KR1020150055858A 2015-04-21 2015-04-21 Gate driving device and inverter having the same KR20160125109A (en)

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