KR20160122689A - Improved switched reluctance motor and switched reluctance apparatus for hybrid vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

Improved hybrid drive with switch magnetoresistive hub motor. The switch magnetoresistive motor removes any drag generated by the existing magnetic field of the motor used in the prior art by turning off the magnetic field when not in use. It also works cleaner and more efficiently as any magnetic road dust or debris caused during operation is reduced or eliminated when the magnetic field is turned off. An improved switch magnetoresistive motor with a stator ring and rotor ring designed to prevent the low magnetoresistive flux path from passing the full diameter of the rotor or rotor bar can be used.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an improved switch magnetoresistive motor and a switch magnetoresistive device for a hybrid vehicle. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention < RTI ID =

The present application claims the benefit and priority of U.S. Patent No. 61 / 878,135, filed September 16, 2013, and is entitled to the filing date for priority. The specification, drawings, and full disclosure of U. S. Patent Application Serial No. 61 / 878,135 are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety for all purposes.

The present invention relates to the field of hybrid vehicles. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for increasing, storing, and preserving vehicle power for an internal combustion-electric hybrid vehicle using a switch reluctance motor.

A motor generator arrangement that can be retrofitted with an electric motive force and power applied to the vehicle to retrofit the vehicle to convert the vehicle to a hybrid and to be installed thereon is described in U.S. Pat. Perry, US 2012/02153, entitled " Machine for Increasing, Storing and Converting Vehicle Power. " The prior hybrid power system is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,165,795 to Lynch et al. And U.S. Patent No. 4,335,429 to Kawakatsu, all of which are incorporated herein by reference for specific purposes.

The present invention relates to the field of hybrid vehicles. More specifically, the present invention relates to an apparatus for increasing, storing, and preserving vehicle power for an internal combustion-electric hybrid vehicle using a switch reluctance motor.

Improved hybrid drive with switch magnetoresistive hub motor. The switch magnetoresistive motor removes any drag generated by the existing magnetic field of the motor used in the prior art by turning off the magnetic field when not in use. It also works cleaner and more efficiently as any magnetic road dust or debris caused during operation is reduced or eliminated when the magnetic field is turned off. An improved switch magnetoresistive motor with a stator ring and rotor ring designed to prevent the low magnetoresistive flux path from passing the full diameter of the rotor or rotor bar can be used.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 2 shows a diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a diagram of a switch magnetoresistive motor with a center rotor with a rotor bar.
Figure 4 shows a diagram of a switch magnetoresistive motor with a rotor ring.
Fig. 5 shows an enlarged view of the section of Fig.
Figure 6 shows a view of the switch magnetoresistive motor of Figure 4 with the rotor moving to the second position.
Fig. 7 shows an alternative configuration of a switch magnetoresistive motor with a rotor ring.
Figure 8 shows a further alternative arrangement of a switch magnetoresistive motor with a rotor ring.

A motor generator arrangement that can be retrofitted with an electric motive force and power applied to the vehicle to retrofit the vehicle to convert the vehicle to a hybrid and to be installed thereon is described in U.S. Pat. Perry, et al., US 2012/0215389, "Machine for Increasing, Storing and Converting Vehicle Power." The prior hybrid power system is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,165,795 to Lynch et al., And U.S. Patent No. 4,335,429 to Kawakatsu, all of which are incorporated herein by reference for specific purposes.

The present invention is an improved hybrid drive system with a switch reluctance hub motor as shown in Figures 1 and 2. By using a switch magnetoresistive motor, the present invention has the advantage of eliminating any drag generated by the existing magnetic field of the motor used in the prior art by turning off the magnetic field when not in use. The present invention also has the advantage of being cleaner and more efficient, as any magnetic field dust or debris generated during operation is reduced or prevented when the magnetic field is turned off.

The switch magnetoresistive motor is a type of magnetoresistive motor (i.e., an electric motor operated by a magnetoresistive torque). Unlike typical DC motor types, power is delivered to the windings in the stator rather than the rotor. This significantly simplifies the mechanical design because the power need not be transferred to the moving part. However, some types of switching systems need to be used to deliver power to different windings.

In many embodiments, the switch magnetoresistive motor winds a field coil. However, the rotor does not attach the magnet or the coil. Generally, it includes a solid salient-pole rotor (with a protruding stimulus) made of soft magnetic material (e.g., laminated steel). When power is applied to the stator windings, the rotor's reluctance creates a force that forces the rotor poles to align with the nearest stator poles. To maintain rotation, the electronic control system switches on the windings of the stator poles, which are successively consecutive, so that the magnetic field of the stator induces the rotor pole to pull it forward. Rather than using a mechanical commutator to switch the winding current as in a typical motor, the switch reluctance motor uses an electronic position sensor to determine the angle of the rotor shaft and the solid state electronics to switch the stator windings, And provides opportunities for dynamic control of molding.

An example of a switch magnetoresistive motor is shown in Fig. The switch magnetoresistive motor is designed to take advantage of magnetoresistance reduction in the magnetic circuit. Generally, the rotor 100 with a plurality of rotor bars 102 rotates within the stator ring 110. The interior of the stator includes a plurality of ferromagnetic stator poles (112), which are actuated by magnetic coils (114) around the poles to temporarily create N poles and monopole magnets. The rotor in the switch magnetoresistive motor is made of a ferromagnetic material that provides a low magnetoresistive magnetic path from the stator pole to the stator pole. The flux path is made by passing through the rotor bar 102 corresponding to the S pole operated from the operated N pole.

An example of the operation of the switch magnetoresistive motor is as follows. The stator poles at the 90 and 270 占 positions (A1, A2) are operated by the magnetic coils around the ferromagnetic poles to produce N and S pole magnets. The flux path passes through the rotor bar (B) from the N pole to the S pole and is aligned with the stator poles (A1, A2), which is the low magnetoresistance path. The path of the flux is a circle that returns from one stator pole around the fault ring to another stator pole and through the corresponding rotor bar.

The control circuit turns off the current to the stator poles A1, A2 and actuates the stator poles at the 315 and 135 [deg.] Positions C1, C2. Programmable control circuits and mechanisms are known in the art and are readily available. The rotor bar D slightly offset from the stator poles C1, C2 is then rotated and rotated counterclockwise by the immediately activated N and S stator poles C1, C2. When the rotor bar D aligns with the stator poles Cl and C2 and reaches a new position, the control circuit turns off the current and turns on the current at the 0 and 180 ° stator pole positions E1 and E2 , So that the rotor bar F is pulled in the counterclockwise direction. In each case, as in the case of the horizontal rotor bar B and the stator poles Al, A2, the high magnetoresistance present between the two actuated stator poles is precisely aligned with the stator poles . By electrically actuating the stator poles in a counterclockwise direction, the rotor bar is caused to rotate in a counterclockwise direction to produce motor operation. Of course, the direction of operation (and hence the rotation) can be reversed.

As noted above, a significant advantage of the switch reluctance motor is that the motor does not require a permanent magnet (as in a DC brushless motor). Therefore, it is simple and economical to construct and operate in an environment containing dirty or ferromagnetic dust particles. However, the switch magnetoresistive motor requires the control circuit to operate the stator poles at the correct time, which is complicated and requires rotor position feedback, such as an optical sensor or other suitable method. In addition, the switch magnetoresistive motor tends to make noise while the opposite stator poles are turned on and off, which oscillates at the audible frequency due to the alternating on / off of applying a periodic force on the stator ring.

An improved switch reluctance motor designed to handle these defects is described below. In many embodiments, the improved motor includes a modified flux path as shown in FIG. The rotor is the rotor ring 200 and rotates within the stator ring 210. The rotor ring includes a plurality of rotor poles (202) positioned on an outer circumference. The stator ring includes a plurality of ferromagnetic stator poles 212 that can be actuated by magnetic coils 214 around the poles to temporarily create N poles and monopole magnets. The opposite stator poles do not work together as a pair; Instead, the N pole and the S pole are created by operating the stator poles with the same area of the stator ring. As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the reduced magnetic flux path passes from one operated pole through a short distance on the stator ring to another stator pole, and through the rotor ring and through two corresponding rotors Move through the pole.

An example of the operation of the improved switch magnetoresistive motor is as follows. The stator poles H are operated by their corresponding coils to produce N electromagnets, and the stator poles I are similarly operated to produce the S electromagnets. The rotor poles F and G align with the stator poles H and I, respectively, as the magnetic circuit flows between them. The path with reduced magnetoresistance in the rotor ring A is indicated by the arrow J while the path at the stator ring D is indicated by the arrow K. [ This actuation of the stator pair is repeated around the stator ring so that a number of low magnetoresistive magnetic circuits (15 in this configuration) can be created at the periphery of the motor. The stator pole electromagnet pairs are arranged to cross the N and S orientations around the ring.

The control circuit turns off the current to the stator poles H, I (and the other activated stator pole pair around the ring) and activates the stator poles N, O. This attracts the rotor poles L and M to align with the stator poles N and O as shown in Fig. 6 and forms the poles L, N, M, O, Thereby forming a new low-resistance path through the portion. Note that a new low magnetoresistive magnetic circuit is created around the motor with the operation of a similar stator pair.

This movement of the rotor attracts the rotor poles (P, O) to a position where they are sequentially pulled to align the rotor poles (P, Q) with the stator poles (H, I) when the stator poles are restarted. This describes a two-phase switch magnetoresistive motor with (H, I) operation having a first phase and (N, O) operation having a second phase. In this configuration, one stator pole is actuated one at a time (i. E. There is an unactuated stator pole between each actuated stator pole in the activated pair). Note that the motor may also have a three-phase configuration or more, depending on the distance of the poles and the operating timing.

Fig. 7 shows an example of a three-phase switch magnetoresistive motor, in which three pairs of stator pairs are operated in sequence. Each third stator pole is activated simultaneously (ie there are two unactuated stator poles between each activated stator pole in the activated pair).

The central region R can be a mechanical support for the rotor ring and includes a non-ferromagnetic material such as, but not limited to, aluminum, brass, carbon fiber, or other suitable material. It helps to position the rotor in the correct position relative to the stator poles and to provide rotation about the shaft passing through the center of the rotor assembly.

The number of rotor and stator poles can vary. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, there are 30 stator poles on the inner circumference of the stator ring, and 45 rotor poles are located on the outer circumference of the rotor ring. Each number may vary, as shown in Figure 7, where there are 60 rotor poles and 36 stator poles. There is a combination of a plurality of stator poles and rotor poles that can be configured to work using a circular flux path in the rotor as shown in Fig. The number of stator poles and rotor poles as disclosed herein is the same as the example of three configurations.

This design will allow a very simple drive system in which a single phase variable frequency AC signal drives the motor. The ability to drive this motor with a single-phase AC signal does not limit the choice of arranging the stator and rotor poles to drive a stator pole electromagnet with 1, 2, or 3-phase AC.

This configuration can be driven by a single phase AC signal of either a sine wave, a square wave, or any other suitable wave by alternating the stator poles. The stator poles (H, N, I, O) constitute the complete set of electrical 360 ° cycles of the motor. The 360 ° electrical cycle of the motor is the rotor rotational angle at which the entire electrical cycle is completed and the electrical operation repeats itself. In the motor design as shown in Fig. 4, there is a full 360 [deg.] Electric cycle at 24 [deg.] Rotator ring rotation. This means that there are 15 cycles of 360 ° electrical rotation in the rotor ring rotation of 360 °. The four stator poles allow the full cycle of two phases to operate on the rotor pole. The motor will operate with the operation of the stator poles H and I of the N-S polarity and then operate with the subsequent operation of the stator poles N and O of the N-S polarity. In a suitable sequence, the rotor ring will rotate in a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation with only four stator poles sequentially crossing between the two sets of stator poles. This improved design of the switch magnetoresistive motor thus permits a partial population of poles for the stator ring. Switch magnetoresistive motors in the prior art do not have this function.

Another application of this design is to function as a switch magnetoresistive stepper motor. 4, the rotor poles F and G are aligned with the stator poles H and I, and the rotor poles L and M are pulled to align with the stator poles N and O, It is in a losing position. If the current at the stator poles H and I is DC, the rotor will be held in one fixed position. When the DC current at the stator poles H and I is turned off and the DC current is applied to the stator poles N and O, the rotor will rotate and stop in a counterclockwise direction of 4 °. With appropriate distance, geometry of the rotor and stator poles, and proper application of precisely timed electrical current, this switch magnetoresistive motor can function as a stepper motor as well as a speed change motor.

Although Figures 4 and 5 illustrate the radial flux path, the present invention has other possible configurations in which the flux path does not pass through the entire path of the rotor or rotor bar. For example, Figure 2 shows a switch magnetoresistive motor with an axial flux configuration. The rotor pole in this embodiment is a magnet steel and not a permanent magnet (which represents a significant advantage for a DC brushless design as described herein at any location).

The improved switch reluctance motor design described above is particularly well suited for high torque applications, including (but not limited to) low rpm (e.g., below about 2000 rpm) including wheel hub motors. The rpm is low because the motor drives directly to the wheels. A high starting torque is preferable.

The noise produced by the improved switch reluctance motor design according to the present invention will be less than the conventional design. The force acting on the stator will always be constant since the attractive magnetic force between the operated stator pole and the corresponding rotor pole is not completely zero due to the manner in which the motor operates. This will reduce the tendency to oscillate in the stator ring.

Accordingly, the embodiments and examples described herein are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative of the best mode contemplating principles of the invention and its practical application, so that those skilled in the art can best utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is to be understood that the invention has been chosen and described for the purpose of illustration. Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described, they should not be construed as being exclusive. There are a number of variations that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims (16)

Stator rings with internal circumference;
A plurality of stator poles located on said inner circumference, said stator poles being operated by a magnetic coil such that said stator poles are electromagnets;
A rotor ring positioned within the stator ring and having an outer periphery; And
A plurality of rotor poles positioned on an outer periphery of the rotor, the rotor poles being in close proximity to the stator poles;
/ RTI >
The low reluctance flux path is formed through a pair of stator poles and adjacent rotor poles when a pair of stator poles is activated;
Wherein the low magnetoresistance flux path is formed by passing through a portion of the stator ring between a pair of stator poles and passing through a portion of the rotor ring between the pair of rotor poles. . The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the low magnetoresistance flux path does not pass through the center of the rotor. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the low magnetoresistance flux path does not pass through the diameter of the rotor. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a two-phase motor. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a three-phase motor. The switch magnetoresistive motor of claim 1, wherein the actuation of the pair of stator poles pulls the pair of rotor poles to align with the stator poles. The switch magnetoresistive motor of claim 1, wherein the pairs of stator poles are sequentially operated to rotate the rotor ring. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a variable-speed motor. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a stepper motor. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is a wheel hub mounted motor on the vehicle. The switch magnetoresistive motor of claim 1, wherein the rotor ring is disposed on a non-ferromagnetic mechanical support at the center of the rotor ring. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, characterized by having 45 rotor poles and 30 stator poles. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 12, wherein every other stator pole is operated at a specific time. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein there are 60 rotor poles and 36 stator poles. 15. A switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 14, wherein every third stator pole is operated at a specific time. The switch magnetoresistive motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is driven by a single-phase variable frequency AC signal.

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