KR20160120413A - Light guide plate, optical sheet and backlight unit - Google Patents

Light guide plate, optical sheet and backlight unit Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160120413A
KR20160120413A KR1020150049301A KR20150049301A KR20160120413A KR 20160120413 A KR20160120413 A KR 20160120413A KR 1020150049301 A KR1020150049301 A KR 1020150049301A KR 20150049301 A KR20150049301 A KR 20150049301A KR 20160120413 A KR20160120413 A KR 20160120413A
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KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
light
metal nanoparticles
guide plate
light guide
quantum dots
Prior art date
Application number
KR1020150049301A
Other languages
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이창희
박명진
정희영
송형준
권용원
이연경
Original Assignee
서울대학교산학협력단
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 서울대학교산학협력단 filed Critical 서울대학교산학협력단
Priority to KR1020150049301A priority Critical patent/KR20160120413A/en
Publication of KR20160120413A publication Critical patent/KR20160120413A/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013—Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight

Abstract

The present invention relates to a light guide plate, to an optical sheet, and to a backlight unit. According to an embodiment, the light guide plate includes multiple quantum dots; and multiple metal nano-particles arranged to be spaced apart from the quantum dot. The present invention increases light efficiency.

Description

Light guide plate, optical sheet and backlight unit. {Light guide plate, optical sheet and backlight unit}

The embodiment relates to a light guide plate.

An embodiment relates to an optical sheet.

An embodiment relates to a backlight unit.

As the information society develops, the demand for display devices for displaying images is increasing in various forms. A flat panel display device including a thin liquid crystal display (LCD), a plasma display (PDP) or an organic electroluminescent device (OLED) which is thinner and lighter than a conventional cathode ray tube display (CRT) has been actively researched and commercialized . Of these, liquid crystal display devices are widely used today because of their advantages of miniaturization, light weight, thinness, and low power driving.

In recent years, studies have been actively carried out to apply the present invention to a liquid crystal display device using the luminescence properties of a quantum dot (QD). The quantum dots are semiconductor materials having a crystal structure of a size of several nanometers, which is smaller than the Bohr exciton radius.

Although there are a large number of electrons in the quantum dot, the number of free electrons is limited to about 1 to 100. As a result, the energy level of the electrons in the quantum dot becomes discontinuous. As a result, the quantum dots have electrical and optical characteristics different from bulk semiconductors forming a continuous band.

For example, since the quantum dots vary in energy level according to their sizes, the bandgap can be adjusted by simply changing the size. That is, the quantum dot can control the emission wavelength by adjusting the size. This means that the emission color can be easily controlled by adjusting the size of the quantum dot.

Therefore, studies are underway to apply quantum dots to the light guide plate of the liquid crystal display device, to convert light from the light source into plane light, and to change the light emission wavelength to irradiate the liquid crystal panel. However, the light guide plate including the quantum dot has a problem of optical efficiency.

The embodiment provides a light guide plate, an optical sheet and a backlight unit for improving light efficiency.

A light guide plate according to an embodiment includes: a plurality of quantum dots; And a plurality of metal nanoparticles spaced apart from the quantum dots.

An optical sheet according to an embodiment includes: a plurality of quantum dots; And a plurality of metal nanoparticles spaced apart from the quantum dots.

A backlight unit according to an embodiment includes a light source; A light guide plate for converting light from the light source into plane light; And an optical sheet for diffusing the surface light from the light guide plate, wherein at least one of the light guide plate and the optical sheet includes a plurality of quantum dots and a plurality of metal nanoparticles.

The metal nanoparticles may cause a surface plasmon phenomenon.

The metal nanoparticles may have a diameter of 20 nm to 200 nm.

The average distance between the plurality of quantum dots and the metal nanoparticles may be 1 nm to 1000 nm.

The metal nanoparticles may be uniformly distributed in an area ratio of 1% to 5%.

The metal nanoparticles may be formed of silver.

The light guide plate and the optical sheet may have quantum dots that convert light to different wavelengths.

The metal nanoparticles may have a spherical shape, a hexagonal shape, or a tetrapod shape.

The optical sheet may include a diffusion sheet, and the plurality of quantum dots and the plurality of metal nanoparticles may be formed on the diffusion sheet.

The light guide plate according to the embodiment can improve the light efficiency by causing a surface plasmon phenomenon through a plurality of quantum dots and a plurality of metal nanoparticles.

The optical sheet according to the embodiment can improve the light efficiency by causing a surface plasmon phenomenon through a plurality of quantum dots and a plurality of metal nanoparticles.

1 is an exploded perspective view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.
3 is a view showing the diffusion effect of light according to the wavelength of each metal nanoparticle material.
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventive concept. Other embodiments falling within the scope of the inventive concept may readily be suggested, but are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

The same reference numerals are used to designate the same components in the same reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.

1 and 2, the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment includes a liquid crystal display panel 10 for displaying an image, a liquid crystal display panel 10 disposed below the liquid crystal display panel 10, And a backlight unit 20 for providing light.

The liquid crystal display device further includes a top case 1 surrounding the top edge of the liquid crystal display panel 10 and coupled with the backlight unit 20, A guide panel 18 coupled to the backlight unit 20, and a bottom cover 70 for accommodating the backlight unit 20.

The liquid crystal display panel 10 includes a color filter substrate 11, a thin film transistor substrate 12 and a liquid crystal layer (not shown) interposed between the color filter substrate 11 and the thin film transistor substrate 12.

The top case 1 may have a central region opened along the edge region of the liquid crystal display panel 10. The top case 10 supports the liquid crystal display panel 10 and protects the liquid crystal display panel 10 from an external impact.

The guide panel 18 may be formed in a shape in which a central region is opened. The guide panel 18 is formed with a central area opened so that light from the backlight unit 20 can be transmitted to the liquid crystal display panel 10.

The printed circuit board 15 may be positioned on the edge of the liquid crystal display panel 10. The printed circuit board 15 may include a gate printed circuit board for supplying gate signals to the gate lines and a data printed circuit board for supplying data voltages to the data lines. Although not shown, the gate printed circuit board and the data printed circuit board may be integrally formed.

A plurality of flexible circuit boards 13 may be formed between the gate printed circuit board and the data printed circuit board and the liquid crystal display panel 10. The printed circuit board 15 may be connected to the gate lines and the data lines of the liquid crystal display panel 10 through the plurality of flexible circuit boards 13. The gate printed circuit board may be connected to the gate line of the liquid crystal display panel 10 through the flexible circuit board 13 and the data printed circuit board may be connected to the liquid crystal display panel 10). ≪ / RTI >

The backlight unit 20 may include an optical sheet 30, a light guide plate 40, a light emitting diode package 50, a light source printed circuit board 51 and a reflector 60.

The light emitting diode package 50 may be mounted on the light source printed circuit board 51. The light emitting diode package 50 receives a voltage through the light source printed circuit board 51 and outputs light. The light emitting diode package 50 may emit light to the light guide plate 40.

The light guide plate 40 converts light received from the light emitting diode package 50 into surface light and transmits the light to the liquid crystal display panel 10 through the optical sheet 30.

The light guide plate 40 may convert the characteristics of the light emitted from the light emitting diode package 50 and transmit the converted light to the liquid crystal display panel 10. The light guide plate 40 can change the wavelength of incident light.

The light guide plate 40 may include a plurality of quantum dots 81 and a plurality of metal nanoparticles 83.

The quantum dot 81 means a particle of a predetermined size having a quantum confinement effect as a light emitting nanoparticle. The quantum dot 81 is a semiconductor crystal having a size of several nanometers (nm) formed through a chemical synthesis process, and converts the wavelength of light injected from the light emitting diode package 50 and emits the light.

At this time, the emission wavelength varies according to the size of the quantum dot 81, so that all colors of visible light can be emitted. For example, the diameter R1 of the quantum dot 81 may be 1 nm to 20 nm.

Particularly, when the quantum dot 81 has a size smaller than the Bohr radius of an exciton formed by electrons and holes excited by light, electricity or the like, a quantum isolation effect is generated and the quantum dot 81 has a sparsely energized energy level And the size of the energy gap is changed. Further, the charge is localized within the quantum dot 81, resulting in a high luminous efficiency.

Further, the quantum dots 81 may have a single layer or a multi-layer structure in the form of a core-shell. Each layer of the quantum dot 81 may be formed of a material selected from the group consisting of CdS, CdO, CdSe, CdTe, Cd 3 P 2 , Cd 3 As 2 , ZnS, ZnO, ZnSe, ZnTe, MnS, MnO, MnSe, MnTe, MgO, , CaO, CaS, CaSe, CaTe , SrO, SrS, SrSe, SrTe, BaO, BaS, BaSe, BaTE, HgO, HgS, HgSe, HgTe, Hg1 2, AgI, AgBr, Al 2 O 3, Al 2 S 3, Al 2 Se 3 , Al 2 Te 3 , Ga 2 O 3 , Ga 2 S 3 , Ga 2 Se 3 , Ga 2 Te 3 , In 2 O 3 , In 2 S 3 , In 2 Se 3 , In 2 Te 3 , SiO 2, GeO 2, SnO 2 , SnS, SnSe, SnTe, PbO, PbO 2, PbS, PbSe, PbTe, AlN, AlP, AlAs, AlSb, GaN, GaP, GaAs, GaSb, GaInP 2, InN, InP, InAs , InSb, In 2 S 3 , In 2 Se 3 , TiO 2 , BP, Si, Ge, and combinations thereof.

The quantum dot 81 can obtain light of various wavelengths according to the quantum size effect. That is, various colors including red, green, and blue can be easily obtained depending on the size of the quantum dot 81.

Since the quantum dot 81 having such a quantum isolation effect has excellent color purity, light having excellent optical characteristics can be obtained. In addition, the quantum dot 81 has an extinction coefficient of 100 to 1000 times larger than that of a general dye and has a high quantum yield, so that strong fluorescence can be generated.

In addition, the quantum dot 81 has a different fluorescent wavelength depending on the particle size, unlike a general fluorescent dye. Accordingly, light of various colors can be realized by adjusting the size of the quantum dot 81, so that light of various colors can be easily obtained by using a single light source according to the quantum dot 81 to be used.

For example, when the light emitting diode package 50 outputs blue light, the light guide plate 40 may convert the incident blue light into green light or red light. That is, the blue light incident from the light emitting diode package (50) is transmitted through the light guide plate (40) in a red light having a wavelength range of about 630 nm to about 660 nm, or a red light having a wavelength range of about 520 nm to about 560 nm As shown in FIG. Specifically, the wavelength of blue light is converted into the wavelength of red light by the red quantum dot, and the wavelength of blue light is converted into the wavelength of green light by the green quantum dot.

Thus, the blue light emitted without being converted and the green light and the red light converted by the light guide plate 40 can be combined to form white light. Therefore, the white light having excellent optical characteristics is incident on the liquid crystal display panel 10. [

The metal nanoparticles 83 may be disposed in a region adjacent to the quantum dot 81. The metal nanoparticles 83 may be disposed in a region adjacent to the quantum dot 81 to cause surface plasmon resonance.

The surface plasmon is a surface electromagnetic wave generated at an interface between a thin metal thin film and a dielectric, and is generated by charge density oscillation of electrons occurring at the surface of the metal thin film when light of a specific wavelength enters the metal thin film It is known. Electromagnetic waves generated by surface plasmon resonance are evanescent waves with very strong intensity but short effective distance. The wavelength of light for causing surface plasmon resonance may vary depending on the material of the metal thin film, for example. For example, silver (Ag) causes surface plasmon resonance in relatively short blue and green wavelength bands, and gold (Au) can cause surface plasmon resonance in a relatively long red wavelength band. In addition, the wavelength of light to cause surface plasmon resonance can be influenced by the refractive index of the dielectric and the size and shape of the metal thin film.

The light incident from the light emitting diode package 50 is incident on the metal nanoparticles 83 of the light guide plate 40 so that strong electromagnetic waves are generated by surface plasmon resonance and the electromagnetic waves reach the quantum dots 81 , The quantum dot 81 is excited again by the electromagnetic wave to emit light additionally. Thereby, the light efficiency of the light guide plate 40 can be improved.

The diameter (R2) of the metal nanoparticles 83 may be 20 nm to 200 nm. The light efficiency may be increased when the metal nanoparticles 83 have a diameter of 20 nm to 200 nm. When the metal nanoparticles 83 are formed to have a diameter of 200 nm or less, the incident light and the resonance phenomenon may occur and the light efficiency may be increased.

When the diameter (R 2) of the metal nanoparticles (83) is less than 20 nm, the light absorption of the particles per se is increased compared to the surface plasmon phenomenon caused by the particles, and the efficiency is lowered. When the diameter (R2) of the metal nanoparticles (83) is more than 200 nm, the amount of emission decreases due to scattering of the metal nanoparticles (83) rather than the amount of light emitted by the surface plasmon phenomenon.

The average distance d between the plurality of quantum dots 81 and the metal nanoparticles 83 may be 1 nm to 1000 nm. If the average distance d between the plurality of quantum dots 81 and the metal nanoparticles 83 is more than 1000 nm, the surface plasmon phenomenon does not occur and the light efficiency can not be improved.

The plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be uniformly distributed in the light guide plate 40. The plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be distributed in a ratio of 1% to 5% with respect to the area of the light guide plate 40. When the number of the metal nanoparticles 83 is less than 1%, the increase in optical efficiency due to the plasmon phenomenon is reduced. When the number of the metal nanoparticles 83 is more than 5%, the metal nano- The amount of light absorption by the particles 83 increases and the light efficiency can be reduced. Accordingly, the light efficiency can be increased by forming the plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 at a ratio of 1% to 5%.

The plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be formed of silver, gold, aluminum, and copper. Preferably, the plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be formed of silver or aluminum. More preferably, the plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be formed of silver.

As shown in FIG. 3, when a plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 is silver or aluminum, a diffusion effect of light having a blue light wavelength is remarkably exhibited. Particularly, when the metal nanoparticles 83 are formed of silver, A diffusion effect of light occurs. Therefore, when the plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 are formed of silver, the light efficiency may increase.

The metal nanoparticles 83 may have a spherical shape, a hexagonal shape, or a tetrapod shape.

The optical sheet 30 is positioned between the light guide plate 40 and the liquid crystal display panel 10 to diffuse and condense the light from the light guide plate 40 and transmit the light to the liquid crystal display panel 10. The optical sheet 30 may include a prism sheet, a diffusion sheet, or the like.

An upper reflective sheet 19 may be formed on the lower surface of the guide panel 18. The upper reflective sheet 19 can reflect light from the LED package 50 toward the bottom surface of the bottom cover 70, thereby enabling light to be recycled, thereby improving light efficiency.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment.

The liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that quantum dots and metal nanoparticles are formed on the optical sheet instead of the light guide plate. Therefore, in describing the second embodiment, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same components as those of the first embodiment, and a detailed description thereof is omitted.

Referring to FIG. 4, the liquid crystal display according to the second embodiment includes a liquid crystal display panel 10 for displaying an image, a liquid crystal display panel 10 disposed below the liquid crystal display panel 10, The backlight unit 20 includes a backlight unit 20.

The backlight unit 20 may include an optical sheet 30, a light guide plate 40, a light emitting diode package 50, a light source printed circuit board 51 and a reflector 60.

The optical sheet 30 can diffuse and condense light from the light guide plate 40 and transmit the light to the liquid crystal display panel 10. The optical sheet 30 may convert the characteristics of light incident from the light guide plate 40 and transmit the converted light to the liquid crystal display panel 10.

The optical sheet 30 may include a plurality of quantum dots 81 and a plurality of metal nanoparticles 83. The plurality of quantum dots 81 convert the wavelength of light transmitted from the light guide plate 40 and transmit the converted wavelengths to the liquid crystal display panel 10 and the plurality of metal nano- So that surface plasmon resonance can be caused and the light efficiency can be improved.

The optical sheet 30 may include a prism sheet and a diffusion sheet. The plurality of quantum dots 81 and the plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be formed in a diffusion sheet.

When the light emitting diode package 50 outputs blue light, the light guide plate 40 transmits blue light to the optical sheet 30 through the surface light, and the optical sheet 30 converts the blue light into red light or green light Converted white light, which is a combination of blue light, red light and green light, can be transmitted to the liquid crystal display panel 10.

Although not shown, the plurality of quantum dots 81 and the plurality of metal nanoparticles 83 may be formed on both the optical sheet 30 and the light guide plate 40. When a plurality of quantum dots 81 and metal nanoparticles 83 are formed on the optical sheet 30 and the light guide plate 40, the optical sheet 30 and the light guide plate 40 may have quantum dots 81 of different sizes . Thus, the optical sheet 30 and the light guide plate 40 can output lights having different wavelengths.

For example, the light guide plate 40 may include a green quantum dot, and the optical sheet 30 may include a red quantum dot. The green quantum dots of the light guide plate 40 convert the blue light from the light emitting diode package 50 into green light and the red quantum dots of the optical sheet 30 convert the blue light from the light guide plate 40 into red light. . Thus, the liquid crystal display panel 10 may be combined with blue, green, and red light to emit white light.

At this time, the metal nanoparticles 83 included in the optical sheet 30 and the light guide plate 40 cause a surface plasmon phenomenon, thereby improving the light efficiency.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such modifications or variations are within the scope of the appended claims.

1: Top cover
10: liquid crystal display panel
13: Flexible circuit board
15: printed circuit board
18: Guide panel
20: Backlight unit
30: Optical sheet
40: light guide plate
50: Light emitting diode package
51: Light source printed circuit board
60: reflector
70: Bottom cover
81: Quantum dot
83: metal nanoparticles

Claims (17)

A plurality of quantum dots; And
And a plurality of metal nanoparticles spaced apart from the quantum dots. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles cause a surface plasmon phenomenon. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles have a diameter of 20 nm to 200 nm. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the average distance between the plurality of quantum dots and the metal nanoparticles is 1 nm to 1000 nm. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in an area ratio of 1% to 5%. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles are formed of silver. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles have a spherical shape, a hexagonal shape, or a tetrapod shape. A plurality of quantum dots; And
And a plurality of metal nanoparticles spaced apart from the quantum dots. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles cause a surface plasmon phenomenon. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles have a diameter of 20 nm to 200 nm. 9. The method of claim 8,
And the average distance between the plurality of quantum dots and the metal nanoparticles is 1 nm to 1000 nm. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles are uniformly distributed in an area ratio of 1% to 5%. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles are formed of silver. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the metal nanoparticles have a spherical shape, a hexagonal shape, or a tetrapod shape. Light source;
A light guide plate for converting light from the light source into plane light; And
And an optical sheet for diffusing the surface light from the light guide plate,
Wherein at least one of the light guide plate and the optical sheet comprises a plurality of quantum dots and a plurality of metal nanoparticles. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the light guide plate and the optical sheet have quantum dots that convert light to different wavelengths. 16. The method of claim 15,
Wherein the optical sheet includes a diffusion sheet,
Wherein the plurality of quantum dots and the plurality of metal nanoparticles are formed on the diffusion sheet.
KR1020150049301A 2015-04-07 2015-04-07 Light guide plate, optical sheet and backlight unit KR20160120413A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10359663B2 (en) * 2016-10-11 2019-07-23 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. High-luminance display apparatus
WO2021010545A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 경북대학교 산학협력단 Gold nanoparticle-phosphor hybrid material and method for preparing same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10359663B2 (en) * 2016-10-11 2019-07-23 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. High-luminance display apparatus
WO2021010545A1 (en) * 2019-07-17 2021-01-21 경북대학교 산학협력단 Gold nanoparticle-phosphor hybrid material and method for preparing same
CN114127224A (en) * 2019-07-17 2022-03-01 庆北大学校产学协力团 Gold nanoparticle-phosphor hybrid substance and preparation method thereof

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