KR20160084587A

KR20160084587A - A shaftbrush motor

Info

Publication number: KR20160084587A
Application number: KR1020150000951A
Authority: KR
Inventors: 강보선
Original assignee: 나태욱
Priority date: 2015-01-06
Filing date: 2015-01-06
Publication date: 2016-07-14

Abstract

Provided is a shaft brush direct current motor having a brush mounted on the lower end surface of a rotary shaft. A stator is a coil winding. A rotor uses a magnet to increase the number of rotations and rotary power. The brush is provided on the lower end surface of the rotary shaft to reduce the radius of rotation of the brush, thereby improving power efficiency by reducing a frictional heat rate due to the rotation of the brush and extending the replacement time of the brush by reducing the wear rate of the brush. Among 12 commutator segments, six commutator segments are connected to one of positive and negative poles of a power supply, and the remaining six commutator segments are directly connected to the beginnings or ends of six coil wires. The ends or beginnings of the six coil wires, which are not connected to the commutator segments, are directly connected to one of the positive and negative poles of the power supply, which is not connected to the commutator segments, and connected to a ceramic capacitor to be connected to the commutator segments connected to the other pole of the power supply. Therefore, even though the brush passes the commutator, since current flowing through the commutator is not completely cut off, sparks do not occur to prevent noise, thereby maximizing efficiency.

Description

Axial brush DC motor. {A shaftbrush motor}

본 발명은 브러쉬를 사용한 직류모터에 관한 기술 분야이다.The present invention relates to a DC motor using a brush.

본 발명은 회전축에 정류자를 장착하여 브러쉬로 전원을 공급하여 회전자의 회전이 가능하도록 한 브러쉬를 장착한 직류모터를 배경기술로 한다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to a DC motor in which a commutator is mounted on a rotary shaft and a brush is provided to supply power to the brush to enable rotation of the rotor.

본 발명은 기존의 브러쉬를 장착한 직류모터가 그 구조상 브러쉬와 정류자와의 기계적인 접점에 의해서 전기불꽃이 일어나고, 회전소음이 크며, 브러쉬의 마모에 의한 수명이 짧은 문제점을 해결하고자 하는 과제로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is directed to solve the problem that a DC motor having a conventional brush mounted thereon is sparked by mechanical contact between the brush and the commutator due to its structure, has high rotational noise, and has a short life span due to wear of the brush .

본 발명은 상기한 기존의 브러쉬를 사용한 직류모터의 문제점을 해결하고자, 회전축 하단부 면에 브러쉬 1개를 장착하고, 정류자편은 12개가 원형을 이루도록 하여 6개의 정류자편에는 전원을 직접 연결하고, 나머지 사이사이의 정류자편에는 6개 코일군의 전선을 각각 연결하여 브러시가 지나는 정류자편이 코일에 전류를 공급할 수 있도록 하여 영구자석을 사용한 회전자석체의 회전이 가능하도록 하는 것을 과제의 해결 수단으로 한다.In order to solve the problems of the conventional DC brushless motor, one brush is mounted on the lower end surface of the rotating shaft, twelve commutator pieces are circular, and six commutator pieces are directly connected to power. And the commutator element through which the brush passes can supply current to the coil, thereby enabling rotation of the rotary magnet body using the permanent magnet.

본 발명인 축브러쉬 직류모터는 기존의 브러쉬를 사용한 직류모터의 장점인 기동토크가 크고, 인가전압에 대하여 회전특성이 직선적으로 비례하며, 입력전류에 대하여 출력토크가 직선적으로 비례하며, 가격이 저렴하다는 장점은 그대로 지니도록 하고, 단점인 전기불꽃, 회전마찰소음, 브러쉬의 수명 등의 단점을 보완하여 브러쉬를 사용한 직류모터의 효율이 극대화 되도록 하는 효과가 크다.The shaft brush DC motor according to the present invention has a large starting torque which is an advantage of a DC motor using a conventional brush, a linearly proportional rotation characteristic with respect to an applied voltage, an output torque linearly proportional to an input current, The advantage of the brushless DC motor is maximized by compensating the disadvantages of the electric spark, the rotating friction noise and the life of the brush.

제 1도는 본 발명에 따른 축브러쉬 직류모터의 측단면도.
제 2도는 본 발명에 따른 축브러쉬 직류모터의 원리도.1 is a side cross-sectional view of an axial brush DC motor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a principle view of an axial brush DC motor according to the present invention; FIG.

첨부된 도면을 착고로 하여 본 발명인 축브러쉬 모터의 구성 및 작용을 설명하면 다음과 같다.The construction and operation of the shaft brush motor of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명인 축브러쉬 모터는 원통형인 자성체 금속으로 제작한 케이스(1)의 상부에 상부덮개(2)에 상부베어링(3)을 장착한 다음, 고정나사(4)로 고정시킨 후, 절연체로 제작한 보빈(5)에 코일(6)을 감아 케이스(1) 내부면에 고정시키고, 코일고정대(7)를 삽입한 다음, 회전축(8)에는 금속의 원통형의 자석고정대(9)를 장착하여 스냅링(13)으로 고정시킨 후, 페라이트,알리코,네오듐 중 한가지를 선택한 회전자석(14)을 N극, S극, N극, S극 순으로 4극으로 고정시킨 다음, 하단면에는 1개의 직사각형의 브러쉬홈(10)을 구성시키고, 회전축(8)에 전류가 안 흐르도록 절연막(11)을 끼운 후, 하부베어링 고정홀더(15)에 하부 베어링(16)을 끼운 후, 절연막(11) 홈에 스프링(12)을 넣은 후, 탄소,동,신주,은 중 한자기를 선택하여 소재로 사용한 브러쉬(17)를 넣은 후, 절연체로 제작한 정류자 고정대(18)에 동,신주,은 중 한가지를 선택하여 소재로 제작한 정류자편(19) 12개를 측면은 절연이 되도록 하여 원형으로 구성시킨 다음, 12개중 6개는 한 개씩 띄어서 전원선(23)의 음극,양극중 한극에 직렬로 연결하고, 나머지 6개의 정류자편(19)에는 다른극을 코일전선(21)의 시작 이나 끝부분에 연결하고, 하부베어링 고정홀더(15)에 구성시킨 코일전선 연결구멍(20)을 통해 코일전선(21)을 빼낸 다음, 전원이 직렬 연결된 정류자편(19)와 코일전선(21)의 사이사이에는 세라믹콘덴서(22)를 연결하여 수간적으로 전원이 차단되어고 세라믹콘덴서(21)에 저장된 전류가 방전되어 전기불꽃이 발생되지 않도록 한 다음, 반대쪽은 정류자편(19)에 직렬 연결한 전원의 반대극의 전원선(23)에 연결하여 브러쉬(17)와 정류자편(19)이 접한 부분에 연결된 코일에만 전원이 공급되도록 하여 하부베어링고정홀더(15)를 케이스(1)내부 공간에 끼워 홀더고정나사(24)를 체결한 다음 하부덮개(25)를 덮은 후 고정나사(4)로 체결하여 완성시킨다.The shaft brush motor according to the present invention is characterized in that an upper bearing 3 is mounted on an upper lid 2 on an upper part of a case 1 made of a cylindrical magnetic metal and then fixed with a fixing screw 4, The coil 6 is wound around the bobbin 5 and fixed to the inner surface of the case 1 and the coil fixing table 7 is inserted into the bobbin 5 and then a metal cylindrical magnet fixing table 9 is mounted on the rotating shaft 8, 13, and a rotating magnet 14 having one of ferrite, alico, and neodymium is fixed to the four poles in the order of N pole, S pole, N pole, and S pole, and one rectangular The brush groove 10 is formed and the insulating film 11 is sandwiched between the rotary shaft 8 and the lower bearing fixing holder 15 and then the lower bearing 16 is inserted into the groove of the insulating film 11 After the spring 12 is inserted, a brush 17 made of carbon, copper, sinter, or silver is selected and inserted into a brush 17 made of an insulator Twelve commutator pieces (19) made of a material selected from copper, new alloy, and silver are formed on the swivel retainer (18) in a circular shape so that the side surfaces are insulated. Then, six of the 12 pieces are arranged one by one, The other six poles of the commutator element 19 are connected to the beginning or the end of the coil wire 21 and the other end of the commutator element 19 is connected to the one of the negative pole and the positive pole of the lower bearing fixed holder 15 The coil wire 21 is pulled out through the coil wire connecting hole 20 which is formed in the coil wire 21 and then the ceramic capacitor 22 is connected between the commutator wire 19 and the coil wire 21, The current stored in the high-capacitance ceramic capacitor 21 is discharged to prevent the generation of electric spark, and the other end is connected to the power line 23 of the opposite polarity of the power source connected in series to the commutator element 19, 17 and the commutator element 19 are connected to each other, The lower bearing fixing holder 15 is inserted into the inner space of the case 1 to fasten the holder fixing screw 24 and then the lower lid 25 is covered and fastened with the fixing screw 4.

상기한 바와 같이 제작한 본 발명의 축브러쉬 모터는 직사각형의 브러쉬(17)와 회전자석(14)의 위치는 제 2도에 도시한 부호26의 기존 브러쉬모터와의 회전반경의 차이와 같이 기존의 브러쉬모터와의 회전반경을 비교하였을 때, 1/2이하의 작은 회전반경으로 회전하여 브러쉬(17)의 마모율을 1/2이상으로 낮추면서, 고정코일(6)과 마주보는 위치에 있을 때, 60도 각도로 고정코일(6)과의 자기력의 반발력과 흡인력에 의해서 같이 회전하면서 회전축(8)에 회전력을 발생시키며 세라믹콘덴서(22)에 의해 전기불꽃이 발생하지 않도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 축브러쉬 직류모터이다.In the axial brush motor according to the present invention as described above, the positions of the rectangular brush 17 and the rotary magnet 14 are the same as those of the conventional brush motor shown in FIG. 2, When the turning radius of the brush 17 is compared with the turning radius of the brush 17, it is rotated at a small turning radius of 1/2 or less to lower the wear rate of the brush 17 to 1/2 or more, A rotating force is generated in the rotating shaft (8) while rotating together with a repulsive force and a attracting force of a magnetic force with the fixed coil (6) at an angle of 60 degrees, and no electric spark is generated by the ceramic capacitor (22) It is a DC motor.

1.케이스 2.상부덮개
3.상부베어링 4.고정나사
5.보빈 6.고정코일
7.코일고정판 8.회전축
9.자석고정대 10.브러쉬홈
11.절연막 12.스프링
13.스냅링 14.회전자석
15.하부베어링 고정홀더 16.하부베어링
17.브러쉬 18.정류자고정대
19.정류자편 20.전선연결구멍
21.코일전선 22.세라믹콘덴서
23.전원선 24.홀더고정나사
25.하부덮개 26.브러쉬 회전반경
27.코일에 전류 공급하는 정류자편1. Case 2. Top cover
3. Upper bearing 4. Securing screw
5. Bobbin 6. Stationary coil
7. Coil mounting plate 8. Rotor shaft
9. Magnetic holder 10. Brush groove
11. Insulating film 12. Spring
13. Snap ring 14. Rotary magnets
15. Lower bearing fixing holder 16. Lower bearing
17. Brush 18. Commutator fixture
19. Commutator section 20. Wire connection hole
21. Coil wire 22. Ceramic capacitor
23. Power line 24. Holder set screw
25. Lower cover 26. Brush rotation radius
27. A commutator that supplies current to a coil

Claims

The DC motor of the present invention is constituted such that electric energy is supplied to the six fixed coils 6 by forming the rectangular brush groove 10 on the lower end face of the rotary shaft 8 and then inserting the insulating film 11, After inserting the rectangular brush 17, twelve commutator pieces 19 are formed on the lower surface of the brush 17 in a circular shape on a commutator holding base 18 made of an insulator, And one end of the coil wire 21 is connected to the remaining six commutator segments 19 and the other end thereof is connected to the ceramic capacitor 22 to generate electric spark One of the electrodes of the ceramic capacitor 22 is connected to the power supply line 23 and fixed to the lower bearing fixing holder 15 so that the portion of the ceramic capacitor 22 which is in contact with the brush 17 and the commutator element 19, The commutator element 27 for supplying the current to the two fixed coils 6 of the six fixed coils 6 Energy is supplied by generating the electromagnetic force, the axial brush direct current motor, characterized in that to rotate the rotating magnet 14 was mounted on the rotating shaft 8 is made of a permanent magnet.

The shaft brush DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the insulating film (11) is in close contact with the surface of the rectangular groove-shaped brush groove (10), and a groove for inserting the brush (17) is formed.

The shaft brush DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the brush (17) is formed in a rectangular shape by selecting one of carbon, copper, new copper and silver.

The shaft brush DC motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the commutator element (19) is made of copper, new alloy or silver as a material and is formed to have a circular plate shape when constructed.

The shaft brush DC motor according to claim 1, wherein the rotating magnet (14) is made of ferrite, alico or neodymium magnet.