KR20160048234A - Aluminum alloy having excellent thermal conductivity for automobile cylinder head and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Aluminum alloy having excellent thermal conductivity for automobile cylinder head and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20160048234A
KR20160048234A KR1020140143887A KR20140143887A KR20160048234A KR 20160048234 A KR20160048234 A KR 20160048234A KR 1020140143887 A KR1020140143887 A KR 1020140143887A KR 20140143887 A KR20140143887 A KR 20140143887A KR 20160048234 A KR20160048234 A KR 20160048234A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
thermal conductivity
cylinder head
aluminum alloy
automobile cylinder
present
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KR1020140143887A
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Korean (ko)
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이경문
백홍길
박현달
민병호
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현대자동차주식회사
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Publication of KR20160048234A publication Critical patent/KR20160048234A/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

An aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head excellent in thermal conductivity and a manufacturing method thereof are introduced.
A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity according to the present invention comprises the steps of: 1.5 to 3.0 wt% of Cu, 2.0 to 4.0 wt% of Si, 0.35 to 0.7 wt% of Mg, 0.5 to 2.0 wt% Casting using a steel containing 0.4 to 1.0 wt% of Fe, 0.31 to 0.5 wt% of Mn, 1.0 to 3.0 wt% of Ni, and the balance of Al and other unavoidable impurities, aging at 160 to 200 DEG C for 5 hours or more .

Description

Technical Field [0001] The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having an excellent thermal conductivity and a manufacturing method thereof,

The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity and a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having improved thermal conductivity and a manufacturing method thereof.

Generally, when the vehicle is driven, the engine temperature rises in accordance with the explosion in the combustion chamber, and the engine temperature is controlled not to exceed a certain level by using the cooling water.

Normally, the bottom temperature of the cylinder head rises to about 200 ° C due to explosion in the combustion chamber. This causes a knocking phenomenon, and improvement of the thermal conductivity of the head material is also considered as an element for preventing the knocking phenomenon.

Generally, the cylinder head is manufactured using an AC2B alloy, which is an Al-Si-Cu alloy, and is manufactured through a T7 heat treatment process.

The presently used AC2B component content is 3.0 to 4.0 wt% of Cu, 5.5 to 6.5 wt% of Si, 0.1 wt% of Mg, 1.0 wt% of Zn, 1.0 wt% of Fe, 0.6 wt% of Mn, 0.6 wt% of Ni, , Ti: 0.2 wt% or less, Pb: 0.2 wt% or less, Sn: 0.1 wt% or less, Cr: 0.2 wt% or less, and the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities.

In recent years, as the required performance of the engine has increased, both the gasoline engine and the cylinder head of the diesel engine have been manufactured using a gravity casting method capable of taking the structure precisely. The cylinder head manufactured by this method has improved strength and dimensional stability A T7 heat treatment is performed.

When a product having a complicated shape such as a cylinder head is made into a cast product, the speed and time of solidification vary, and there is a difference in the structure and composition of each part. If the structure and composition are different, there is a difference in properties , Which is modified through heat treatment.

T7 heat treatment is a heat treatment for the main purpose of dimensional stability at high temperature. It is carried out in the order of high temperature sintering treatment ---> quenching ---> aging ---> air cooling, Aging treatment is carried out.

On the other hand, in the case of the material heat-treated with AC2B at T7, it has a thermal conductivity of about 150 W / mK at room temperature and about 175 W / mK at 200 ° C.

However, although the cylinder head is manufactured using the material heat treated with AC2B at T7, it is essential to develop a material having improved thermal conductivity than AC2B T7 material in order to prevent the knocking phenomenon and to improve the fuel efficiency of the vehicle.

It should be understood that the foregoing description of the background art is merely for the purpose of promoting an understanding of the background of the present invention and is not to be construed as adhering to the prior art already known to those skilled in the art.

Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2004-0095437 (November 15, 2004)

Disclosure of the Invention The present invention has been made in order to solve such conventional problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head, which has improved thermal conductivity of an aluminum alloy used for an automobile cylinder head to reduce knocking, The purpose of the method is to provide.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity, comprising the steps of: 1.5 to 3.0 wt% of Cu; 2.0 to 4.0 wt% of Si; 0.35 to 0.7 wt% : 0.5 to 2.0 wt%, Fe: 0.4 to 1.0 wt%, Mn: 0.31 to 0.5 wt%, Ni: 1.0 to 3.0 wt%, the balance being Al and other unavoidable impurities, And aging treatment at 200 DEG C for 5 hours or more.

And the steel is cooled and cast at a rate of 30 DEG C / s or higher.

In order to achieve the above object, the aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head excellent in thermal conductivity according to the present invention comprises 1.5 to 3.0 wt% of Cu, 2.0 to 4.0 wt% of Si, 0.35 to 0.7 wt% of Mg, A steel containing 0.4 to 1.0 wt% of Fe, 0.4 to 1.0 wt% of Fe, 0.31 to 0.5 wt% of Mn, 1.0 to 3.0 wt% of Ni or less and the balance of Al and other unavoidable impurities, Time aging treatment.

And the steel is cooled and cast at a rate of 30 DEG C / s or higher.

The aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head excellent in thermal conductivity of the present invention has a thermal conductivity of 165 W / mK or more at room temperature and 175 W / mK or more at 200 캜, a yield strength of 220 MPa or more, a tensile strength of 270 MPa or more and an elongation of 1.0% .

According to the present invention, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy for automobile cylinder head is improved, and the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy is improved by about 15% or more compared to the conventional alloy.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a view showing a bottom temperature distribution according to thermal conductivity of a cylinder head blank;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of increasing and decreasing the addition amount of elements on the thermal conductivity,
3 is a graph showing thermal conductivity characteristics of an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity according to the present invention,
4 is a graph showing the results of heat treatment of the material of the present invention at 160 ° C for 5 hours,
Fig. 5 is a graph showing changes in thermal conductivity when Si: 4.3 wt% and Cu: 3.2 wt%
6 is a graph showing a change in thermal conductivity when Si: 4.3 wt%, Cu: 3.2 wt%, and Ni: 2.2 wt%
7 is a view showing a change in mechanical properties according to a cooling rate of a commercial material,
FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in mechanical properties according to the cooling rate of the present invention. FIG.

Hereinafter, an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention and its manufacturing method will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity according to the present invention comprises the steps of: 1.5 to 3.0 wt% of Cu, 2.0 to 4.0 wt% of Si, 0.35 to 0.7 wt% of Mg, 0.5 to 2.0 wt% Casting using a steel containing 0.4 to 1.0 wt% of Fe, 0.31 to 0.5 wt% of Mn, 1.0 to 3.0 wt% of Ni, and the balance of Al and other unavoidable impurities, aging at 160 to 200 DEG C for 5 hours or more .

Hereinafter, the reasons for limiting the numerical value of the steel used in the method for manufacturing an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having an excellent thermal conductivity of the present invention will be described.

Cu is added in the range of 1.5 to 3.0 wt%.

Copper is an element that generates a precipitation phase of the Al 2 Cu series to improve the strength. When the amount is less than 1.5 wt%, the effect of improving the strength is insignificant. When the amount exceeds 3.0 wt%, the strength is increased. There is an increase in copper solubility in the aluminum matrix as the copper content increases.

Si is added in the range of 2.0 to 4.0 wt%.

When the content of silicon is more than 4.0 wt%, the thermal conductivity is reduced to less than 150 W / mk. Therefore, the upper limit should not exceed 4.0 wt%. When the content is less than 2.0 wt% Should be added in a controlled manner within the above-mentioned range.

Ni is added in the range of 1.0 to 3.0 wt%.

Nickel serves to improve the strength of the material by forming a crystallized and precipitated phase of the Al 3 Ni series, and to prevent the casting composition from lowering due to the Si reduction. When the content is less than 1.0 wt%, nickel contributes to the improvement of strength And the addition of more than 3.0 wt% reduces the elongation of the material and reduces the thermal conductivity to less than 150 W / mk. Therefore, the addition amount of nickel is in the range of 1.0 to 3.0 wt% .

Fe is added in the range of 0.4 to 1.0 wt%.

When iron is added in an amount of less than 0.4 wt%, the effect of improving the strength is insignificant. When iron is added in an amount exceeding 1.0 wt%, the proportion of the iron-based intermetallic phase is increased and the elongation of the material is lowered When a problem occurs, its content should be adjusted within the range of 0.4 ~ 1.0wt%.

Mg and Zn are added to ensure the strength of the material according to the copper content limit. Manganese should be added in the range of 0.31 ~ 0.5wt%, and zinc should be added in the range of 0.5 ~ 2.0wt%.

When the manganese content is less than 0.31 wt%, the effect on securing the strength of the material is insignificant. If the manganese content is more than 0.5 wt%, the thermal conductivity and elongation of the material decrease.

When zinc is added in an amount of less than 0.5 wt%, the effect on securing strength of the material is insignificant, and when it is added in an amount exceeding 2.0 wt%, the thermal conductivity and elongation of the material decrease.

The method for producing an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head excellent in thermal conductivity of the present invention is characterized in that a steel having the composition described above is cast and aged at 160 to 200 ° C for 5 hours or more.

There is a difference in thermal conductivity between AC2B-T7 material (heat-treated material) and A319H material which is the same mass-production material but not heat-treated.

At room temperature, the thermal conductivity is 144W / mk for AC2B-T7 material, 132W / mk for A319H material and 204 ° C for AC2B-T7 material around spark plug, while 210 ° C for A319H material Respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lower surface temperature distribution according to the thermal conductivity of the cylinder head material was 217 ° C for a thermal conductivity of 150 W / mk, 209 ° C for a 165 W / mk, and 202 ° C for a 180 W / mk.

Meanwhile, in order to secure the main constituent, the present invention is not limited to the one in which nickel is added in order to solve the casting problem due to the decrease of the silicon content, instead of reducing the content of silicon whose thermal conductivity decreases as the addition amount increases. .

As shown in FIG. 2, nickel is the most suitable element for replacing silicon since nickel has the smallest influence on the thermal conductivity by increasing or decreasing the addition amount as compared with other elements.

3 is a graph showing thermal conductivity characteristics of an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity according to the present invention.

The AC2B-T7 material has a thermal conductivity of 144W / mK at 25 ° C, 150W / mK at 162 ° C, and 175W / mK at 175 ° C. As shown in FIG. 3, It can be confirmed that it has an improved thermal conductivity.

In the present invention, the thermal conductivity is improved by 15% compared to the conventional AC2B-T7 material through heat treatment, and the heat treatment is performed at an aging temperature of 160 to 200 ° C. for 5 hours or more to improve thermal conductivity.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a result of heat treatment of the material of the present invention at 160 ° C. for 5 hours, wherein the thermal conductivity is improved by 15%.

On the other hand, when the content of silicon, copper and nickel is increased, the high temperature thermal conductivity does not satisfy the target property of 200 W / mk or more.

(AC2B-T7) heat treatment condition because it is necessary to increase the heat treatment time in order to reduce the amount of solid content in the base and increase the precipitation phase in the case of increasing the amount of copper and nickel, Therefore, its content is limited.

As the silicon increases, the thermal conductivity of the material decreases as described above, so it is limited to 4 wt% or less.

As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, when the content of silicon, copper, and nickel is out of the content range of the present invention, thermal conductivity is lowered.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes in mechanical properties according to the cooling rate according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a graph showing changes in mechanical properties according to the present invention. In FIG. 8, the size of a Dendrite Arm Spacing It is necessary to secure a tensile property equal to that of ash. In the present invention, the steel is cooled at a rate of 30 DEG C / s to secure a mechanical strength equivalent to that of a commercial material.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following claims It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

Claims (5)

, Ni: 0.5 to 2.0 wt%, Fe: 0.4 to 1.0 wt%, Mn: 0.31 to 0.5 wt%, Ni: 0.5 to 2.0 wt%, Cu: 1.5 to 3.0 wt%, Si: 2.0 to 4.0 wt% : 1.0 to 3.0 wt%, the remainder being cast using a steel containing Al and other unavoidable impurities, and aging at 160 to 200 DEG C for 5 hours or more. Gt;
The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the steel is cooled and cast at a rate of 30 DEG C / s or higher.
, Ni: 0.5 to 2.0 wt%, Fe: 0.4 to 1.0 wt%, Mn: 0.31 to 0.5 wt%, Ni: 0.5 to 2.0 wt%, Cu: 1.5 to 3.0 wt%, Si: 2.0 to 4.0 wt% : Aluminum alloy for automobile cylinder head having excellent thermal conductivity, manufactured by casting a steel containing 1.0 to 3.0 wt% of the remainder and Al and other unavoidable impurities at a temperature of 160 to 200 DEG C for 5 hours or more.
The method of claim 3,
Characterized in that the steel is cooled and cast at a rate of 30 DEG C / s or higher, and an aluminum alloy for an automobile cylinder head excellent in thermal conductivity.
The method of claim 3,
MK or higher at room temperature and 175 W / mK or higher at 200 ° C,
An aluminum alloy for an automotive cylinder head excellent in thermal conductivity, having a yield strength of 220 MPa or more, a tensile strength of 270 MPa or more, and an elongation of 1.0% or more.



KR1020140143887A 2014-10-23 2014-10-23 Aluminum alloy having excellent thermal conductivity for automobile cylinder head and manufacturing method thereof KR20160048234A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10501828B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-12-10 Hyundai Motor Company Aluminum alloy for cylinder head and method of manufacturing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10501828B2 (en) 2016-11-10 2019-12-10 Hyundai Motor Company Aluminum alloy for cylinder head and method of manufacturing the same

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