KR20160002599A - Curved display device and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide a curved display device with improved display quality. The curved display device includes a bent first substrate, a bent second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first alignment layer, and a second alignment layer. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate, and includes liquid crystal molecules. The first alignment layer includes mutually polymerized reactive mesogens, and is provided between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The second alignment layer is provided between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The first liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment layer among the liquid crystal molecules have a first pretilt angle. The second liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment layer among the liquid crystal molecules have a second pretilt angle different from the first pretilt angle.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to a curved display device and a method of manufacturing the same. [0002] CURVED DISPLAY DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING THE SAME [

The present invention relates to a curved display device having an orientation film for orienting liquid crystal molecules and a manufacturing method thereof.

In general, a liquid crystal display device is classified into a twisted nematic liquid crystal display device, a horizontal electric field liquid crystal display device, or a vertically aligned liquid crystal display device depending on the characteristics of a liquid crystal layer.

The vertical alignment type liquid crystal display device is oriented in a predetermined direction in a state in which no electric field is applied and the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is arranged perpendicular to the substrate surface. Thus, the viewing angle is wide and the contrast ratio is large.

As a method for aligning the liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction, there are a rubbing method and a photoalignment method. In the vertically aligned liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal molecules may be aligned in a predetermined direction using a reactive mesogen.

An object of the present invention is to provide a curved display device with improved display quality.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a curved display device capable of providing a curved display device with improved display quality.

A curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may provide a first alignment liquid containing a first alignment agent and a photoinitiator on a first base substrate and curing the first alignment liquid to form a first base layer , Providing a second alignment liquid containing a second alignment agent on the second base substrate and not containing a photoinitiator, curing the second alignment liquid to form a second base layer, and forming a liquid crystal composition containing reactive mesogens Is provided between the first base substrate and the second base substrate, an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, and the first light is applied to the liquid crystal layer to react the reactive mesogens, Forming layer on the first alignment layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator may be linked or contained in the first alignment liquid in side chains in an amount of 0.001 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the first alignment agent.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, Titanocene, alpha-amonoketone, alpha -aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-aminocaproic acid, At least one of alpha-dichloro, acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether and derivatives thereof.

Each of the reactive mesogens may be selected from at least one compound of acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether, and styrene.

The step of applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer and the step of reacting the reactive mesogens by applying first light to the liquid crystal layer to form the first alignment layer on the first base layer may be performed at the same time.

A curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a first base substrate, a second base substrate facing the first base substrate, a pixel electrode provided on the first base substrate, A second base layer provided on the first base substrate, a first alignment layer provided only on the first base layer and polymerized with reactive mesogens, a second alignment layer provided on the second base substrate, A second base layer, and a liquid crystal layer provided between the first alignment-forming layer and the second base layer.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the reactive mesogens may be selected from at least one compound selected from acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether, and styrene.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first alignment layer may further comprise a photoinitiator and derivatives thereof combined with the reactive mesogens.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator and its derivatives are selected from the group consisting of benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene, alpha-aminoketone, alpha-aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, Alpha-chloro, alpha-dichloro, acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether and derivatives thereof .

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first base substrate and the second base substrate may be bent.

A curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a curved first substrate, a curved second substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a first alignment layer, and a second alignment layer. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The liquid crystal layer is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and includes liquid crystal molecules. The first alignment layer includes reactive mesogens polymerized with each other and is provided between the first substrate and the liquid crystal layer. And the second alignment film is provided between the second substrate and the liquid crystal layer. The first liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment layer among the liquid crystal molecules have a first angle of incidence. And the second liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment layer among the liquid crystal molecules have a second pre-scan square different from the first pre-scan square.

The first pre-scan angle may be 80 ° to 90 °.

The second angle of pre-scan may be 88 ° to 90 °.

The first alignment layer includes a first base layer and a first alignment layer. The first base layer is provided on the first substrate. The first alignment layer is provided in the first base layer and comprises the polymerized reactive mesogens. The first substrate may have a first radius of curvature and the second substrate may have a second radius of curvature that is different from the first radius of curvature.

The first substrate includes a first base substrate and pixel electrodes provided on the first base substrate. The second substrate includes a second base substrate; And a common electrode provided on the second base substrate and facing the pixel electrode.

The pixel electrode may include a stripe portion and a plurality of branches extending from the stripe portion.

A curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes pixels including a plurality of domains. The domains may be separated by the stem base.

The branches may extend in parallel to each other within each of the domains, and may extend in different directions for each of the domains.

The domains may include a first domain, a second domain, a third domain, and a fourth domain.

The curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention further includes a first polarizer and a second polarizer. The first polarizing plate is provided below the first substrate and has a first transmission axis. The second polarizing plate is provided on the second substrate and has a second transmission axis. The direction of the first transmission axis and the direction of the second transmission axis may be orthogonal to each other.

A display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bent first base substrate, a first alignment layer, a curved second base substrate, and a second alignment layer. The first alignment layer includes a first base layer provided on the first base substrate and a plurality of first projections provided on the first base layer. The second base substrate faces the first base substrate. The second alignment layer includes a second base layer provided on the second base substrate and a plurality of second projections provided on the second base layer. The first protrusions include first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nanometers (nm) or more and 1000 nanometers (nm) or less. The second protrusions include second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nanometers (nm) or more and 1000 nanometers (nm) or less. The first base layer includes a first overlapping region overlapping the first large protrusions and a first non-overlapping region not overlapping with the first large protrusions. The second base layer includes a second overlapping region overlapping the second large protrusions and a second non-overlapping region not overlapping with the second large protrusions. The curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the relationship represented by the following formula (1).

[Formula 1]

0 < the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the first overlapping area 4/5

The number of the second large protrusions may be smaller than the number of the first large protrusions.

The width of the second overlapping area may be smaller than the width of the second non-overlapping area.

The curved surface display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the relationship represented by the following expression (2).

[Formula 2]

0 < the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the second non-overlapping area 5/10

The width of the first overlapping region may be 3.0 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or more and 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less as compared with the unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² of the surface of the first base layer.

The second width of the overlapping area may be the second base layer surface per unit area compared to 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² 0nm ² exceeds 3.5 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or less in the.

A display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bent first base substrate, a first alignment layer, a curved second base substrate, and a second alignment layer. The first alignment layer includes a first base layer provided on the first base substrate and a plurality of first projections provided on the first base layer. The second base substrate faces the first base substrate. The second alignment layer includes a second base layer provided on the second base substrate and a plurality of second projections provided on the second base layer. The first protrusions include first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nanometers (nm) or more and 1000 nanometers (nm) or less. The second protrusions include second large projections having a particle diameter of 50 nanometers (nm) or more and 1000 nanometers (nm) or less. The first base layer includes a first overlapping region overlapping the first large protrusions and a first non-overlapping region not overlapping with the first large protrusions. The second base layer includes a second overlapping region overlapping the second large protrusions and a second non-overlapping region not overlapping with the second large protrusions. The curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the relationship represented by the following expression (3).

[Formula 3]

0 &lt; the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the first overlapping area < 1/2

The number of the second large protrusions may be smaller than the number of the first large protrusions.

The curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention has the relationship represented by the following expression (4).

[Formula 4]

0 &lt; the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the second non-overlapping area 1/10

The width of the first overlapping region may be 0.4 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or more and 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less as compared with the unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² of the surface of the first base layer.

The width of the second overlapping region may be more than 0 nm ^{2 to} 0.3 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or less as compared with the unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ^{2 of the} surface of the second base layer.

A curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a curved first substrate, a first alignment layer, a curved second substrate, and a second alignment layer. The first alignment film is provided on the first substrate and is polymerized with a photoinitiator. The second substrate faces the first substrate. The second alignment film is provided on the second substrate and faces the first alignment film. The first alignment layer comprises a first base layer, a photoinitiator polymerized with the first base layer, and reactive mesogens polymerized with the photoinitiator.

The second alignment layer may not be polymerized with the photoinitiator.

The photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene, alpha- Aminocetone, alpha-aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-dichloro, acetoacetic acid, But may include at least one of acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether and derivatives thereof.

Each of the reactive mesogens may comprise at least one of acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether and styrene and derivatives thereof.

The first alignment layer may have a structure represented by the following general formula (1) and general formula (2).

[Chemical Formula 1]

(2)

The surface of the first alignment layer may have a structure represented by the following formula (1) more than the structure of the following formula (2).

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a curved display device with improved display quality.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method of manufacturing a curved display device capable of manufacturing a curved display device with improved display quality.

1A and 1B are perspective views schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a plan view schematically illustrating one pixel of the pixels included in the curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line I-I 'in Fig.
5A is a perspective view schematically showing a first square of the first liquid crystal molecules.
And FIG. 5B is a perspective view schematically showing a second square of the second liquid crystal molecules.
6A is a perspective view schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6B is a perspective view schematically illustrating a pixel, a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer corresponding to a pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
6C is a plan view schematically showing the first alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction of FIG. 6B.
FIG. 6D is a plan view schematically showing the second alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction of FIG. 6B.
FIG. 6E is a plan view schematically showing the overlap region, the lower polarizer and the upper polarizer of the first and second alignment films when viewed in the DR3 direction of FIG. 6B.
FIG. 6F is a schematic view of a user recognizing an image displayed on a curved display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
7A is a perspective view schematically showing a curved display device according to a comparative example.
7B is a perspective view schematically showing a pixel included in a curved display device according to a comparative example, a first alignment film corresponding to a pixel, and a second alignment film.
FIG. 7C is a plan view schematically showing the first alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction in FIG. 7B. FIG.
7D is a plan view schematically showing the second alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction of FIG. 7B.
FIG. 7E is a plan view schematically showing the overlap region of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the DR3 direction in FIG. 7B. FIG.
8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
9A, 9B and 9C are sectional views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is a graph showing the content of reactive mesogens in the liquid crystal layer with and without the photoinitiator according to the first exposure.
11 is a table showing AFM images of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Fig.
12 is a table showing distribution regions of large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more in the AFM images of Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 1. Fig.
13 is a table showing distribution regions of large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more in the AFM images of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1. Fig.

The present invention is capable of various modifications and various forms, and specific embodiments are illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the text. It should be understood, however, that the invention is not intended to be limited to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention.

Like reference numerals are used for like elements in describing each drawing. In the accompanying drawings, the dimensions of the structures are shown enlarged from the actual for the sake of clarity of the present invention. The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the first component may be referred to as a second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as a first component. The singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the present application, the terms "comprises" or "having" and the like are used to specify that there is a feature, a number, a step, an operation, an element, a component or a combination thereof described in the specification, But do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Also, where a section such as a layer, a film, an area, a plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another section, it includes not only the case where it is "directly on" another part but also the case where there is another part in between. On the contrary, where a section such as a layer, a film, an area, a plate, etc. is referred to as being "under" another section, this includes not only the case where the section is "directly underneath"

1A is a perspective view schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1B is a perspective view schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1A, 1B and 2, a curved display device 10 includes a first substrate SUB1, a second substrate SUB2, and a liquid crystal layer LCL. The liquid crystal layer LCL is provided between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2.

The curved display device 10 displays an image. The curved display device 10 includes a display area DA for displaying an image and a non-display area NDA for not displaying an image.

The display area DA may have a substantially rectangular shape when viewed in the thickness direction DR3 of the curved display device 10, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The thickness direction DR3 may be the front direction of the curved display device 10 for the user.

The display area DA includes a plurality of pixel areas PXL. The pixel regions PXL may be defined by, for example, a plurality of gate lines GL and a plurality of data lines DL. The pixel regions PXL may be arranged in a matrix form. A pixel PX (see FIG. 3) may be disposed in each of the pixel regions PXL.

When viewed in the thickness direction DR3 of the curved display device 10, the non-display area NDA can surround the display area DA, for example. The non-display area NDA may be adjacent to the display area DA in a first direction DR1 and a second direction DR2 perpendicular to the first direction DR1.

The curved display device 10 may be curved with a predetermined curvature / radius of curvature. The curved display device 10 may be flexible or rigid.

The curved display device 10 may be a concave curved shape when the user looks at the curved display device 10. When the user views the image displayed on the curved surface, the user can feel improved stereoscopic feeling, immersion feeling, and sense of urgency. 1A and 1B illustrate that the curved display device 10 has a concave shape when viewed in the thickness direction DR3 of the curved display device 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this, The curved display device 10 may have a convex shape when viewed in the first direction DR1 or the second direction DR2 of the display device 10. [ The user of the curved display device 10 can view the image displayed on the curved surface.

The first substrate SUB1 may be curved. The first substrate SUB1 may have a first radius of curvature R1. The second substrate SUB2 may also be curved. And the second substrate SUB2 may have a second radius of curvature R2.

3 is a plan view schematically illustrating one pixel of the pixels included in the curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 3, one pixel is shown, and the structure of each of the remaining pixels may be similar to that of the pixel shown in Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to line I-I 'in Fig. 3 and 4 may be exaggerated and enlarged or reduced for convenience of illustration.

The curved display device 10 includes a first substrate SUB1, a first alignment layer ALN1 provided on the first substrate SUB1, a first alignment layer ALN1 provided on the first substrate SUB1, A second alignment film ALN2 provided on the second substrate SUB2 and a liquid crystal layer LCL provided between the first alignment film ALN1 and the second alignment film ALN2, .

The first substrate SUB1 includes a first base substrate BS1, a plurality of gate lines GL, a plurality of data lines DL, and a plurality of pixel regions PXL.

The first base substrate BS1 may be a polymer substrate, a plastic substrate, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or the like. The first base substrate BS1 may be a transparent insulating substrate. The first base substrate BS1 may be flexible and may be rigid.

In FIGS. 2 and 3, for convenience of description, one pixel connected to one of the gate lines GL and the data lines DL is shown. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and one gate line, one data line and a plurality of pixels may be connected, and a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines may be connected to one pixel.

The gate lines GL are formed on the first base substrate BS1 in a first direction DR1. The data lines DL are provided extending in the second direction DR2 crossing the first direction DR1 with the gate lines GL and the gate insulating film GI interposed therebetween. A gate insulating film GI is provided on the front surface of the first base substrate BS1 and covers the gate lines GL.

Each of the pixels PX includes a thin film transistor TFT, a pixel electrode PE connected to the thin film transistor TFT, and a storage electrode portion. The thin film transistor TFT includes a gate electrode GE, a gate insulating film GI, a semiconductor pattern SM, a source electrode SE, and a drain electrode DE. The storage electrode unit includes a storage line SLn extending in the first direction DR1, a first branch electrode LSLn and a second branch electrode RSLn, which branch from the storage line SLn and extend in the second direction DR2, ).

The gate electrode GE protrudes from the gate lines GL or is provided on a partial area of the gate lines GL. The gate electrode GE may be made of metal. The gate electrode GE may be made of nickel, chromium, molybdenum, aluminum, titanium, copper, tungsten, and alloys thereof. The gate electrode GE may be formed of a single film or multiple films using a metal. For example, the gate electrode GE may be a triple film in which molybdenum, aluminum, and molybdenum are sequentially laminated, or a double film in which titanium and copper are sequentially laminated. Or a single film of an alloy of titanium and copper.

The semiconductor pattern SM is provided on the gate insulating film GI. The semiconductor pattern SM is provided on the gate electrode GE via the gate insulating film GI. The semiconductor pattern SM partially overlaps with the gate electrode GE. The semiconductor pattern SM includes an active pattern (not shown) provided on the gate insulating film GI and an ohmic contact layer (not shown) formed on the active pattern. The active pattern may be formed of an amorphous silicon thin film, and the ohmic contact layer may be formed of an n + amorphous silicon thin film. The ohmic contact layer makes ohmic contact between the active pattern and the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE, respectively.

The source electrode SE is branched and provided on the data lines DL. A source electrode SE is formed on the ohmic contact layer, and a part of the source electrode SE overlaps the gate electrode GE.

The drain electrode DE is provided apart from the source electrode SE via the semiconductor pattern SM. A drain electrode DE is formed on the ohmic contact layer and a portion of the drain electrode DE is provided so as to overlap with the gate electrode GE.

The source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE may be made of nickel, chromium, molybdenum, aluminum, titanium, copper, tungsten, and an alloy containing them. The source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE may be formed of a single film or multiple films using a metal. For example, the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE may be a double film in which titanium and copper are sequentially stacked. Or a single film made of an alloy of titanium and copper.

The upper surface of the active pattern between the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE is exposed and the conductive channel is formed between the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE depending on whether a voltage is applied to the gate electrode GE conductive channel. The source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE overlap with a part of the semiconductor pattern SM in a region except for the channel portion formed separately from the source electrode SE and the drain electrode DE.

The pixel electrode PE is connected to the drain electrode DE via the protective film PSV. The pixel electrode PE partially overlaps with the storage line SLn, the first branch electrode LSLn, and the second branch electrode RSLn to form a storage capacitor.

The protective film PSV covers the source electrode SE, the drain electrode DE, the channel portion and the gate insulating film GI and has a contact hole CH exposing a part of the drain electrode DE. The passivation layer (PSV) may comprise, for example, silicon nitride or silicon oxide.

The pixel electrode PE is connected to the drain electrode DE through the contact hole CH formed in the protective film PSV. The pixel electrode PE is formed of a transparent conductive material. In particular, the pixel electrode PE is formed of a transparent conductive oxide. The transparent conductive oxide includes ITO (indium tin oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), ITZO (indium tin zinc oxide), and the like.

The pixel electrode PE includes a plurality of branches PEb extending radially from the stem PEa and the stem PEa. Some of the stripe portion PEa or the branch portions PEb are connected to the drain electrode DE through the contact hole CH.

The stem portion PEa may be provided in various shapes, and may be provided in a cross shape, for example, as one embodiment of the present invention. The branch portions (PEb) are spaced apart from each other and extend in a direction parallel to each other in the region divided by the stem portion (PEa). The distance between the neighboring branches PEb is spaced by a distance in the order of micrometers, which corresponds to means for aligning the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer LCL at a specific azimuth angle.

Each of the pixels PX may be divided into a plurality of domains DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4 by a stem PEa. The branches PEb correspond to the respective domains DM1, DM2, DM3 and DM4 and may extend in different directions for each of the domains DM1, DM2, DM3 and DM4. Although it is illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention that each of the pixels PX includes four domains, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, each of the pixels PX may include two, six, eight, Of domains.

The first alignment film ALN1 is provided on the pixel electrode PE. The first alignment layer ALN1 pre-tilts the liquid crystal molecules LC of the liquid crystal layer LCL. The first alignment film ALN1 will be described later in more detail.

The second substrate SUB2 includes a second base substrate BS2, a color filter CF, a black matrix BM and a common electrode CE. The second base substrate BS2 may be a polymer substrate, a plastic substrate, a glass substrate, a quartz substrate, or the like. The second base substrate BS2 may be a transparent insulating substrate. The second base substrate BS2 may be flexible and may be rigid.

The color filter CF is provided on the second base substrate BS2 and provides color. In an embodiment of the present invention, the color filter CF is included in the second substrate SUB2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The color filter CF may be included in the first substrate SUB1.

The black matrix BM is provided corresponding to the light shielding region of the first substrate SUB1. The light shielding region may be defined as an area where the data lines DL, the thin film transistors TFT, and the gate lines GL are formed. Since the pixel electrode PE is not normally formed in the light shielding region, the liquid crystal molecules may not be aligned and light leakage may occur. Accordingly, the black matrix BM is formed in the light shielding region to block the light leakage. In one embodiment of the present invention, the black matrix BM is included in the second substrate SUB2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The black matrix BM may be included in the first substrate SUB1.

Although not shown, an insulating layer (not shown) may be formed on the color filter CF and the black matrix BM.

The common electrode CE is provided on the second base substrate BS2 and drives the liquid crystal layer LCL by forming an electric field together with the pixel electrode PE. In an embodiment of the present invention, the common electrode CE is included in the second substrate SUB2, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The common electrode CE may be included in the first substrate SUB1. The common electrode CE may be formed of a transparent conductive material. The common electrode CE may be formed of a conductive metal oxide such as ITO (indium tin oxide), IZO (indium zinc oxide), ITZO (indium tin zinc oxide), or the like. A second alignment film ANL2 covering the common electrode CE is disposed on the second base substrate BS2. More specifically, the second alignment film ALN2 will be described later.

A liquid crystal layer (LCL) including liquid crystal molecules (LC) is provided between the first substrate (SUB1) and the second substrate (SUB2). The liquid crystal layer (LCL) is composed of a liquid crystal composition including liquid crystal molecules LC having dielectric anisotropy and reactive mesogens having a light absorption peak at a predetermined wavelength (RM in FIG. 9A).

The liquid crystal molecules LC are not particularly limited as long as they are commonly used, but may include, for example, alkenyl-based liquid crystal molecules, alkoxy-based liquid crystal molecules, and the like.

The liquid crystal molecules LC may have a negative dielectric anisotropy but are not limited thereto and may have a positive dielectric anisotropy

The reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) refer to photocurable particles, that is, photocrosslinkable low molecular weight or high molecular copolymers, which cause a chemical reaction such as a polymerization reaction when light of a specific wavelength, for example, ultraviolet light is applied. The reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) may include, for example, acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether, or styrene. The reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) may be a rod-shaped, banana-shaped, board-shaped, or disk-shaped material.

The polymerization reaction may be initiated by a photoinitiator. For example, in the case of the benzyldimethylketal-based photoinitiator, a polymerization reaction occurs when light of about 340 nm is provided, and the polymerization of the reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) is initiated by the polymerization of the photoinitiator, A chain reaction takes place. When the photoinitiator is present only on one side (the first substrate side in the embodiment of the invention), the polymerization reaction of the reactive mesogens on the side where the photoinitiator is provided (RM in Fig. 9A) Lt; / RTI &gt; of the reactive mesogens (RM of FIG. 9A). Accordingly, the first alignment layer (PTL1) can be formed only on the first base substrate (BS1) by including the photoinitiator only in the first base layer (PAL1).

5A is a perspective view schematically showing a first square of the first liquid crystal molecules. And FIG. 5B is a perspective view schematically showing a second square of the second liquid crystal molecules. Hereinafter, the first alignment film ALN1 and the second alignment film ALN2 will be described in more detail.

The first alignment layer ALN1 includes reactive mesogens (RM of FIG. 9A) polymerized with each other. Accordingly, the first alignment film ALN1 can pre-tilt the first liquid crystal molecules LC1 adjacent to the first alignment film ALN1 among the liquid crystal molecules LC of the liquid crystal layer LCL. The first liquid crystal molecules LC1 may have a first pretilt angle AN1 with respect to the first alignment layer ALN1.

5A, when the angle formed by the first straight line NL1 included in one surface of the first alignment layer ALN1 and the long axis L11 of the first liquid crystal molecules LC1 is the first angle? (AN1). The first pre-scan angle AN1 may be, for example, an average value, a representative value, or the like of the pre-scan squares of the first liquid crystal molecules LC1. The first pre-scan angle AN1 may be about 80 degrees to about 90 degrees. The first pre-scan angle AN1 may be about 80 degrees to about 89 degrees. May be greater than 80 degrees and smaller than 88 degrees so that the first pre-curvature angle AN1 differs from the second pre-curvature angle AN2 described later.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5A, the first alignment layer ALN1 includes a first base layer PAL1 provided on the pixel electrode PE and a first alignment layer PTL1 provided on the first base layer PAL1 .

The first alignment layer (ALN1) may include a structure represented by, for example, the following Chemical Formulas (1) and (2).

[Chemical Formula 1]

(2)

On the surface of the first alignment layer (ALN1), the structure of the following formula (1) may exist more than the structure of the following formula (2).

The first base layer (PAL1) is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used, and may be a polymer such as polyimide, polyamic acid, polyamide, polyamic imide, polyester, polyethylene, polyurethane or polystyrene, , And monomers of the polymers.

The first base layer PAL1 can be formed by applying a first alignment liquid on the first base substrate BS1 and then heating the first alignment liquid.

The first alignment liquid comprises a first alignment agent that is polymerized to form a first base layer (PAL1), a photoinitiator that initiates photopolymerization of the reactive mesogens (RM in Figure 9A), and a solvent.

The first alignment agent may be a monomer, a dimer, an oligomer, or the like, or a mixture thereof, of a polymer such as polyimide, polyamic acid, polyamide, polyamic imide, polyester, polyethylene, polyurethane, or polystyrene.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first alignment agent may further include additives such as an antioxidant to prevent oxidation of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the liquid crystal layer.

Compounds that can be used as photoinitiators include benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene titanocene, alpha-amonoketone, alpha-aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-dichloro (alpha -dichloro, acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether and the like.

Among the photo initiators commercially available are Irgacure ^® 651, Irgacure ^® 127, Irgacure ^® 754, Irgacure ^® 819, Irgacure ^® 784, Irgacure ^® 907, Irgacure ^® 369, Irgacure ^® 379, Irgacure ^® 2959, Irgacure ^® 369 from BASF. OXE01, Irgacure ^® OXE02 and Darocure ^® TPO.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator may be provided in an amount of 0.001 to 20 parts by weight, or 0.001 to 1 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the first alignment agent. The content of the photoinitiator may be set differently depending on the type of the photoinitiator used and the wavelength of the photo reaction initiation. For example, the photoinitiator is the case of Irgacure ^® 651 from about 0.05 parts by weight of Irgacure ^® 127 in the case of 0.1 part by weight of drug, Irgacure ^® case 754 of about 0.2 parts by weight, in the case of Irgacure ^® 819 from about 0.01 part by weight to 0.1 parts by weight About 0.11 part by weight for Irgacure ^® 784, about 0.001 part by weight to 0.1 part by weight for Irgacure ^® 907, about 0.001 part by weight to 0.1 part by weight for Irgacure ^® 369 and about 0.001 to 0.1 by Irgacure ^® 379 If the parts by weight, Irgacure ^® 2959 For the case of about 0.001 part by weight to 0.1 part by weight, Irgacure ^® OXE01 If 0.01 part by weight, Irgacure ^® OXE02 0.01 part by weight, Darocure ^® TPO may be provided with parts of 0.01 wt.

The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is ordinarily used, and it may be any one of? -Butyrolactone, ethylene glycol butyl ether and N-methylpyrrolidone, or It may be a mixed solution of at least two of the above three kinds.

The first alignment liquid is polymerized by heating, and as a result, is cured to form a first base layer (PAL1). The process of forming the first base layer PAL1 is a thermosetting process in which at least a part of the photoinitiator in which the reaction is initiated by light does not react so that at least a part of the photoinitiator remains in the first alignment film ALN1 do.

The first alignment layer PTL1 includes polymerized reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A), and is a portion of the first alignment layer ALN1 that substantially pre-tilts the liquid crystal molecules LC. The term &quot; reactive mesogen &quot; refers to photocurable particles, that is, a photocrosslinkable low molecular weight or photopolymerizable polymer. When a specific wavelength of light, for example ultraviolet light, is applied, Cause. The reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) are polymerized and partly crosslinked, and the liquid crystal molecules LC are pre-tilted to have a predetermined inclination angle with respect to one surface of the first substrate SUB1.

The reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) initiate a polymerization reaction by a photoinitiator and perform a polymerization reaction at a predetermined wavelength, and the kind thereof is not limited. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, compounds represented by the following general formula (3) can be selected.

(3)

P1-sp1-A1-sp2- (A2) m-sp3-A3-sp4-P2

Wherein P1 is a terminal group comprising 2 to 6 reactors causing polymerization reaction. The reactor may be, for example, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a vinyl-ether group, or a styrene group. P2 is a terminal group that is provided independently of P1 and comprises two to six reactors that cause a polymerization reaction. The reactor may be, for example, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a vinyl-ether group, or a styrene group. Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, and Sp4 each independently represents a single _{bond, -CH 2 -, -COO-, -CO} -CH = CH-, -COO-CH = CH-, -CH 2 OCH 2 -, and -CH ₂ O &lt; - &gt; as a spacer group. A1 and A3 is a single bond, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a thiophenyl group, and at least one polycyclic aromatic group or one kinds of -F, -Cl, -OCH ₃ and a C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups 0-10 are each independently Substituted derivatives thereof. A2 is at least one of a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a thiophenyl group, and a multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbon group, or derivatives thereof substituted with -F, -Cl, -OCH ₃ and 0 to 10 alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms . m is 1 to 4;

The reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) can form first protrusions BU1. The first protrusions BU1 may include first small protrusions SBU1 and first large protrusions LBU1.

The particle diameters of the first protrusions BU1 may be, for example, 1 nanometer (nm) or more, respectively. The average value of the particle diameters of the first projections BU1 may be 1 nm or more, and the representative value may be 1 nm or more.

The first small protrusions SBU1 and the first large protrusions LBU1 may be divided based on the particle diameter of 30 nm. For example, the first small protrusions SBU1 may have a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 30 nm. Each of the particle sizes of the first small protrusions SBU1 may be greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than 30 nm and the average value of the particle diameters of the first small protrusions SBU1 may be greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than 30 nm, May be 1 nm or more and less than 30 nm.

The first large protrusions LBU1 may have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more. The first large protrusions LBU1 may have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. Regarding the particle diameter, each of the first large protrusions LBU1 may have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and an average value of particle diameters of the first large protrusions LBU1 may be 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, And may be less than or equal to 30 nm and less than or equal to 1000 nm.

The first small protrusions SBU1 and the first large protrusions LBU1 may be divided based on the particle diameter of 50 nm. For example, the first small protrusions SBU1 may have a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 50 nm. Regarding the particle size, each of the particle diameters of the first small protrusions SBU1 may be 1 nm or more and less than 50 nm, and the average value of the particle diameters of the first small protrusions SBU1 may be 1 nm or more and less than 50 nm, May be 1 nm or more and less than 50 nm.

The first large protrusions LBU1 may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more. The first large protrusions LBU1 may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. Regarding the particle diameter, each of the first large protrusions LBU1 may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and an average value of particle diameters of the first large protrusions LBU1 may be 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, And may be less than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 1000 nm.

And the second alignment film ALN2 is provided on the common electrode CE. The second alignment film ALN2 hardly contains the reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) polymerized with each other and the second alignment film ALN2 is formed on the second alignment film ALN2 adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2 among the liquid crystal molecules LC of the liquid crystal layer LCL. Do not substantially pre-tilt the molecules LC2.

And the second liquid crystal molecules LC2 may have a second pretilt angle AN2 with respect to the second alignment film ALN2. 5B, the angle formed by the second straight line NL2 included in one surface of the second alignment layer ALN2 and the long axis L12 of the second liquid crystal molecules LC2 is defined as the second linearly polarized angle AN2 Can be defined. The second pre-casting angle AN2 is different from the first pre-casting angle AN1, and may be larger than the first pre-casting square AN1. For example, the second pretilt angle AN2 may be an average value, a representative value, or the like of the pretilt angles of the second liquid crystal molecules LC2. The second pre-warping angle AN2 may be about 88 degrees to about 90 degrees. The second prearranged angle AN2 may be greater than about 89 degrees and less than about 90 degrees. The second pre-firing angle AN2 is set to be larger than the first pre-firing angle AN1 in the range of about 88 degrees to about 90 degrees. When the first pre-firing angle AN1 is set to 80 degrees, 85 degrees, 86 degrees, 89 degrees, respectively, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the second pre-firing angle AN2 is larger than the first pre- 89.5 degrees or 90 degrees.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 5B, the second alignment layer ALN2 includes a second base layer PAL2 provided on the common electrode CE and a second alignment layer PTL2 provided on the second base layer PAL2. . The second base layer PAL2 is not particularly limited as long as it is commonly used, but may be a polymer such as a polyimide, a polyamic acid, a polyamide, a polyamic imide, a polyester, a polyethylene, a polyurethane or a polystyrene, , And monomers of the polymers.

The second base layer PAL2 is formed on the second base substrate BS2 on which the common electrodes CE and the like are formed. The second base layer PAL2 may be formed by applying a second alignment liquid on the second base substrate BS1 and then heating the second alignment liquid.

The second alignment liquid includes a second alignment agent and a solvent which are polymerized to form a second base layer (PAL2). Here, the second alignment liquid does not contain the photoinitiator contained in the first alignment liquid.

The second alignment agent may be a monomer, a dimer, an oligomer, or the like, or a mixture thereof, of a polymer such as polyimide, polyamic acid, polyamide, polyamic imide, polyester, polyethylene, polyurethane, or polystyrene.

The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is ordinarily used, and any one of γ-butyrolactone (γ-BL), ethylene glycol butyl ether (or butyl cellosolve) and N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) Or a mixed solution obtained by mixing at least two of the above three kinds.

The second alignment liquid is polymerized by heating and as a result cures to form the second base layer (PAL2).

The second orientation layer (PTL2) comprises a very small amount of polymerized reactive mesogens (RM of FIG. 9A) relative to the first orientation layer (PTL1), and even in an absolute amount, And mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A). In other words, substantially the second alignment layer (PTL2) does not contain reactive mesogens (RM of FIG. 9A) polymerized with each other. Here, "the second alignment layer PTL2 does not substantially contain the reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) polymerized with each other" means that the second orientation layer PTL2 Refers to the degree to which some of the reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) polymerized together.

The second alignment layer (PTL2) aligns the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2) so as not to have a predetermined inclination angle with respect to one surface of the second substrate (SUB2). Therefore, the second liquid crystal molecules LC2 adjacent to the second base layer PAL2 do not have a specific directionality, and can be randomly arranged on the second alignment film ALN2. The second liquid crystal molecules LC2 may be arranged to be perpendicular to the second alignment film ALN2 on the second alignment film ALN2 in a state in which no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL.

A small amount of the mutually polymerized reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) may form the second protrusions BU2. The second protrusions BU2 may include second small protrusions SBU2 and second large protrusions LBU2.

The particle diameters of the second protrusions BU2 may be, for example, 1 nm or more, respectively. The average value of the particle diameters of the second projections BU2 may be 1 nm or more, and the representative value may be 1 nm or more.

The second small protrusions SBU2 and the second large protrusions LBU2 may be divided based on the particle diameter of 30 nm. For example, the second small protrusions SBU2 may have a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 30 nm. Each of the particle diameters of the second small protrusions SBU2 may be greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than 30 nm and an average value of the particle diameters of the second small protrusions SBU2 may be greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than 30 nm, May be 1 nm or more and less than 30 nm.

The second large protrusions LBU2 may have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more. The second large protrusions LBU2 may have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. Regarding the particle size, each of the second large protrusions LBU2 may have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and an average value of particle diameters of the second large protrusions LBU2 may be 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, And may be less than or equal to 30 nm and less than or equal to 1000 nm.

The second small protrusions SBU2 and the second large protrusions LBU2 may be divided based on the particle diameter of 50 nm. For example, the second small protrusions SBU2 may have a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 50 nm. Regarding the particle size, each of the particle diameters of the second small protrusions SBU2 may be greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than 50 nm, and an average value of the particle diameters of the second small protrusions SBU2 may be greater than or equal to 1 nm and less than 50 nm, May be 1 nm or more and less than 50 nm.

The second large protrusions LBU2 may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more. The second large protrusions LBU2 may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less. Regarding the particle diameter, each of the second large protrusions LBU2 may have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, and an average value of particle diameters of the second large protrusions LBU2 may be 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, And may be less than or equal to 50 nm and less than or equal to 1000 nm.

Next, the distribution of the first protrusions BU1 on the first base layer PAL1 and the distribution of the second protrusions BU2 on the second base layer PAL2 will be described in more detail.

As mentioned above, the reactive mesogens that are polymerized with each other can form the first protrusions BU1 on the first base layer PAL1. In addition, the first protrusions BU1 may include first small protrusions SBU1 and first large protrusions LBU1. At this time, the first base layer PAL1 may include a first overlapping region overlapping the first large protrusions LBU1 and a first non-overlapping region not overlapping with the first large protrusions LBU1.

A small amount of the mutually polymerized reactive mesogens may form the second protrusions BU2 on the second base layer PAL2. Also, the second protrusions BU2 may include second small protrusions SBU2 and second large protrusions LBU2. At this time, the second base layer PAL2 may include a second overlapping region overlapping the second large protrusions LBU2 and a second non-overlapping region not overlapping with the second large protrusions LBU1.

The first overlap region and the first non-overlap region, the second overlap region, and the second non-overlap region are regions provided with large protrusions and large protrusions provided in the third direction (DR3 in FIG. 6B) By the boundary line of the non-existent region.

The width of the first overlapping region described below is determined not only by the total width of the first overlapping region on the first base layer PAL1 but also by the average value of the regions extracted based on an arbitrary unit area in the first base layer PAL1 Or a representative value. The width of the first non-overlap region may be an average value or a representative value of the regions extracted based on an arbitrary unit area in the first base layer PAL1 as well as the entire width. The width of the second overlap region and the width of the second non-overlap region may be an average value or a representative value of the regions extracted based on an arbitrary unit area in the second base layer PAL2 as well as the entire width.

Hereinafter, the case where the first large protrusions LBU1 and the second large protrusions LBU1 have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less will be described.

When the first large protrusions LBU1 and the second large protrusions LBU1 have a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, the curved surface display device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is expressed by the following formula 1 Relationships can be established.

[Formula 1]

0 &lt; Width of second overlap region / Width of first overlap region < 4/5

If the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the first overlapping area is more than 4/5, the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2 are pre-tilted, and as described below with reference to Figs. 7A to 7E, Dark parts that can not be seen can occur.

The width of the second overlapping area may be smaller than the width of the second non-overlapping area. The curved display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may have the relationship expressed by the following equation (2).

[Formula 2]

0 &lt; Width of the second overlapping area / Width of the second non-overlapping area < 5/10

When the width of the second overlap region / the width of the second non-overlap region is 5/10 or more, the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2 are pre-tilted, and as described below with reference to Figs. 7A to 7E, A dark part which can not visually recognize the light can be generated.

The width of the first overlapping region may be 3.0 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or more and 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less as compared with the unit area 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² of the surface of the first base layer (PAL 1). The less the width, the number of the first base layer (PAL1) the back surface of the surface unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² compared to 3.0 * 10 less than ⁵ nm ^2, the first large protrusions (LBU1) of the first overlapping area, the first alignment layer It is difficult for the first alignment film ALN1 to pre-tilt not only the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment film ALN1 but also the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2.

The second width of the overlap region may be a second base layer (PAL2) surface unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less than ² nm than 0 3.5 * 10 ⁵ nm ² of. If the width of the second overlapping region is larger than 3.5 * 10 ⁵ nm ^{2 as} compared with the unit area 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² of the surface of the second base layer PAL ² , the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment layer ALN 2 are pre- As described below with reference to Figs. 7A to 7E, a dark portion that can not visually recognize light can be generated.

Since the reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A) contained in the liquid crystal layer LCL are contained in the first alignment film ALN1 more than the second alignment film ALN2, the number of the second large protrusions LBU2 is smaller than the number 1 larger protrusions LBU1 than the number of the large protrusions LBU1.

Hereinafter, the case where the first large protrusions LBU1 and the second large protrusions LBU2 have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less will be described.

When the first large protrusions LBU1 and the second large protrusions LBU2 have a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less, the curved surface display device 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention can be expressed by the following formula 3 Relationships can be established.

[Formula 3]

0 &lt; Width of the second overlapping area / Width of the first overlapping area < 1/2

If the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the first overlapping area is more than 1/2, the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2 are pre-tilted so that light is emitted as shown in Figs. 7A to 7E Dark parts that can not be seen can occur.

The width of the second overlapping area may be smaller than the width of the second non-overlapping area. The curved display device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may have the relationship represented by the following expression (4).

[Formula 4]

0 &lt; Width of the second overlapping area / Width of the second non-overlapping area < 1/10

If the width of the second overlapping region / the width of the second non-overlapping region is more than 1/10, the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2 are pre-tilted, and as described later with reference to Figs. 7A to 7E, A dark part which can not be recognized can occur.

The width of the first overlapping region may be 0.4 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or more and 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less as compared with the unit area 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² of the surface of the first base layer (PAL 1). The number of the first large protrusions LBU1 is small and the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment film ALN1 as well as the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN2 are separated by the first alignment film ALN1 It is difficult to tilt.

The second width of the overlap region may be a second base layer (PAL2) of the surface unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² nm compared 0 ² exceeds 0.3 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or less. When the width of the second overlapping region is larger than 0.3 * 10 ⁵ nm ^{2 as} compared with the unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² of the surface of the second base layer PAL ² , the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film ALN 2 are pre- As described below with reference to Figs. 7A to 7E, a dark portion that can not visually recognize light can be generated.

6A is a perspective view schematically showing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6B is a perspective view schematically illustrating a pixel, a first alignment layer and a second alignment layer corresponding to a pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6C is a plan view schematically showing the first alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction of FIG. 6B. FIG. 6D is a plan view schematically showing the second alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction of FIG. 6B. FIG. 6E is a plan view schematically showing the overlap region, the lower polarizer and the upper polarizer of the first and second alignment films when viewed in the DR3 direction of FIG. 6B. FIG. 6F is a schematic view of a user recognizing an image displayed on a curved display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. 6E, the lower polarizer POL1 of the first substrate SUB1 and the upper polarizer POL2 provided on the upper portion of the second substrate SUB2 are further illustrated. Referring to FIGS. 6A to 6D, the first alignment film ALN1 includes the lower alignment areas L_AA1, L_AA2, L_AA3, L_AA4. The lower alignment areas L_AA1, L_AA2, L_AA3 and L_AA4 are formed by aligning a first lower alignment area L_AA1, a second lower alignment area L_AA2, a third lower alignment area L_AA3 and a fourth lower alignment area L_AA4 . The lower alignment areas L_AA1, L_AA2, L_AA3 and L_AA4 may overlap with and overlap the domains DM1, DM2, DM3 and DM4 in the direction DR5 opposite to the normal direction DR4 of the pixel PX.

A first lower alignment area L_AA1, a second lower alignment area L_AA2, and a third lower alignment area L_AA1 corresponding to the first domain DM1, the second domain DM2, the third domain DM3, and the fourth domain DM4, The first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) on the lower alignment area L_AA3 and the fourth lower alignment area L_AA4 are pre-tilted by reactive mesogens (RM in Fig. 9A) polymerized with each other. As the electric field is formed in the liquid crystal layer LCL, the pre-tilted liquid crystal molecules are aligned in parallel more rapidly than the liquid crystal molecules not pre-tilted. That is, they are rapidly rearranged from the vertically aligned state to the parallel orientation.

When an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL, the pre-tilted first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) are oriented in parallel in the extending direction of the branches (PEb in Fig. 3) on the first lower alignment region L_AA1 . The extension direction of the branches (PEb, see Fig. 3) may be substantially parallel to the first sub-direction D1. The first sub-direction D1 may mean the average direction of the parallel-oriented directions when the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) are aligned in parallel on the first lower alignment area L_AA1.

Similarly, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL, the pre-tilted first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) are oriented in parallel in the second sub-direction D2 on the second lower alignment area L_AA2 Direction parallel to the third sub-direction D3 on the third lower alignment area L_AA3 and parallel to the fourth sub-direction D4 on the fourth lower alignment area L_AA4. The second subdirection D2 may mean the average direction of the directions of parallel orientation when the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 of FIG. 4) are oriented in parallel on the second lower alignment area L_AA2, The subdirection D3 may mean the average direction of the directions of parallel orientation when the first liquid crystal molecules LC1 of FIG. 4 are oriented in parallel on the third lower alignment area L_AA3, (D4) may mean the average direction of parallel-oriented directions when the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) are aligned in parallel on the fourth lower alignment area L_AA4.

The second alignment film ALN2 includes upper alignment areas U_AA1, U_AA2, U_AA3, and U_AA4. The upper alignment areas U_AA1, U_AA2, U_AA3 and U_AA4 are aligned in a first upper alignment area U_AA1, a second upper alignment area U_AA2, a third upper alignment area U_AA3 and a fourth upper alignment area U_AA4 . The upper alignment areas U_AA1, U_AA2, U_AA3 and U_AA4 can overlap with and overlap the domains DM1, DM2, DM3 and DM4 in the direction DR5 opposite to the normal direction DR4 of the pixel PX.

The second alignment film ALN2 does not include the reactive mesogens substantially polymerized with each other (RM in Fig. 9A). Thus, the second liquid crystal molecules (refer to FIG. 4A) are formed on the first upper alignment region U_AA1, the second upper alignment region U_AA2, the third upper alignment region U_AA3, and the fourth upper alignment region U_AA4, LC2 are not substantially pre-tilted and are randomly provided without specific directionality.

When an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer (LCL), the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4) are randomly oriented in parallel. However, the two liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4) are parallel to the first sub-direction D1 due to the influence of the pre-tilted first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) Directionality. The degree of alignment of the first liquid crystal molecules LC1 of the first lower alignment area L_AA1 in the first sub direction D1 is defined as a first scalar value and the degree of alignment of the first liquid crystal molecules LC1 of the first liquid crystal molecules LC1 of the first lower alignment area L_AA1, When defining the degree to which the molecules LC2 are arranged in the first sub-direction D1 as a second scalar value, the second scalar value may be very small compared to the first scalar value. 4 is substantially not pre-tilted so that the rate at which the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4) are aligned on the first upper alignment area U_AA1 is equal to the speed at which the first liquid crystal molecules It is significantly slower than the rate at which the liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) are aligned in parallel. The number of the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4) oriented in parallel in the first sub-direction D1 is larger than the number of the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) aligned in the first sub- Significantly less than number.

Similarly, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL, the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4) are aligned in the second sub-direction D2 on the second upper alignment area U_AA2, Direction D3 on the fourth upper alignment area U_AA3 and in the fourth sub direction D4 on the fourth upper alignment area U_AA4.

6A to 6E, the first alignment layer ALN1 and the second alignment layer ALN2 overlap the overlap areas OVA1, OVA2 OVA3, OVA4, OVA5, and OVA6 when viewed in the third direction DR3, Respectively. The overlapping areas OVA1, OVA2 OVA3, OVA4, OVA5 and OVA6 are arranged in the first overlapping area OVA1, the second overlapping area OVA2, the third overlapping area OVA3, the fourth overlapping area OVA4, Region OVA5 and sixth overlap region OVA6.

When the electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL, the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the overlap areas OVA1, OVA2 OVA3, OVA4, OVA5 and OVA6 is the direction of the lower alignment areas L_AA1, L_AA2, L_AA3, L_AA4, (LC2 in Fig. 4) on the parallel alignment direction of the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) and the upper alignment regions U_AA1, U_AA2, U_AA3, U_AA4 on the liquid crystal molecules .

The second overlapping area OVA2 is an overlapping area of the second lower alignment area L_AA2 and the first upper alignment area U_AA1. 4) is not pre-tilted, and the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) are pre-tilted, and the second liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. (LC2 in FIG. 4) is significantly slower than the rate at which the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in FIG. 4) are aligned in parallel. The number of the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4) oriented in parallel in the second sub direction D2 is equal to the number of the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) aligned in the first sub direction D1 Lt; / RTI &gt;

Thus, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL, the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the second overlapping area OVA2 can be substantially parallel to the second subdirection D2. Similarly, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL, the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the fifth overlap region OVA5 is substantially parallel to the fourth subdirection D2.

The parallel alignment direction of the first liquid crystal molecules (LC1 in Fig. 4) in the first overlap region OVA1 is substantially the same as the parallel alignment direction of the second liquid crystal molecules (LC2 in Fig. 4). Thus, the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the first overlapping area OVA1 is substantially parallel to the first sub-direction D1. Similarly, the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the third overlapping area OVA3 is substantially parallel to the second sub-direction D2, and the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the fourth overlapping area OVA4 The direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL in the sixth overlapping area OVA6 is substantially parallel to the fourth sub direction D4.

The lower polarizer POL1 has a first transmission axis PA1 and the upper polarizer POL2 has a second transmission axis PA2. The first transmission axis PA1 and the second transmission axis PA2 are orthogonal to each other. For example, when the first transmission axis PA1 is parallel to the second direction DR2, the second transmission axis PA2 is parallel to the first direction DR1. 6E, the lower polarizer POL1 and the upper polarizer POL2 are shown to be smaller than the first alignment film ALN1 and the second alignment film ALN2 for convenience of explanation. Referring to FIGS. 6A to 6F, The first overlap area OVA1, the second overlap area OVA2, the third overlap area OVA3, the fourth overlap area OVA4, the fifth overlap area OVA5 The direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer LCL is the direction of the first transmission axis PA1 of the lower polarizer POL1 or the direction of the first transmission axis PA1 of the upper polarizer POL2 in the sixth overlap region OVA6 PA2). &Lt; / RTI &gt; Accordingly, the user USER is configured to select the first overlap area OVA1, the second overlap area OVA2, the third overlap area OVA3, the fourth overlap area OVA4, the fifth overlap area OVA5, The light passing through the region OVA 6 can be seen.

7A is a perspective view schematically showing a curved display device according to a comparative example. 7B is a perspective view schematically showing a pixel included in a curved display device according to a comparative example, a first alignment film corresponding to a pixel, and a second alignment film. FIG. 7C is a plan view schematically showing the first alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction in FIG. 7B. FIG. 7D is a plan view schematically showing the second alignment layer when viewed in the DR5 direction of FIG. 7B. FIG. 7E is a plan view schematically showing the overlap region of the first alignment film and the second alignment film in the DR3 direction in FIG. 7B. FIG.

7A to 7E, a curved display device 1000 according to a comparative example includes a first alignment layer aln1 including reactive mesogens that are polymerized with each other, and a second alignment layer including a reactive mesogen lt; / RTI &gt; The first alignment film (aln1) and the second alignment film (aln2) may contain substantially the same polymerized reactive mesogens. Thus, the first liquid crystal molecules on the first alignment film aln1 are pre-tilted and the second liquid crystal molecules on the second alignment film aln2 are also pre-tilted. The square of the first liquid crystal molecules and the square of the second liquid crystal molecules may be equal to each other.

The first liquid crystal molecules on the lower alignment regions l_aa1, l_aa2, l_aa3 and l_aa4 included in the first alignment film aln1 and the first liquid crystal molecules on the second alignment film aln2 included in the second alignment film aln2, The second liquid crystal molecules on the alignment regions u_aa1, u_aa2, u_aa3, u_aa4 are aligned in the same direction in parallel with each other. Both the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are pre-tilted, and the parallel alignment rates are similar to each other.

More specifically, when driving voltage is applied to apply an electric field, the first liquid crystal molecules on the first lower alignment area I_aa1 and the second liquid crystal molecules on the first upper alignment area u_aa1 are aligned in the first sub- And the first liquid crystal molecules on the second lower alignment area l_aa2 and the second liquid crystal molecules on the second upper alignment area u_aa2 are aligned in parallel in the second sub direction D2. The first liquid crystal molecules on the third lower alignment area I_aa3 and the second liquid crystal molecules on the third upper alignment area u_aa3 are aligned in the third sub direction D3 and the second liquid crystal molecules on the fourth lower alignment area I_aa4 The first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules on the fourth upper alignment area u_aa4 are aligned in the fourth subdirection D4 in parallel.

7D, when viewed in the third direction DR3, the first alignment film aln1 and the second alignment film aln2 have overlapping areas ova1, ova2, ova3, ova4, ova5, ova6 overlapping each other . The overlap areas ova1, ova2, ova3, ova4, ova5 and ova6 are formed in the first overlap area ova1, the second overlap area ova2, the third overlap area ova3, the fourth overlap area ova4, An overlap area ova5 and a sixth overlap area ova6.

In the case of the curved display device 1000 according to the comparative example, the first liquid crystal molecules and the second liquid crystal molecules are all pre-tilted in the second overlap region ova2. The direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer lcl in the second overlapping area ova2 is parallel to the eighth sub direction D8 which is the sum of the first sub direction D1 and the second sub direction D2. Similarly, the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer lcl in the fifth overlap region ova5 is parallel to the tenth sub-direction D10 which is the sum of the third sub-direction D3 and the fourth sub-direction D4 do.

The curved display apparatus 1000 according to the comparative example also includes the lower polarizer pol1 and the upper polarizer pol2 and is provided with the first transmission axis pa1 of the lower polarizer pol1 and the second transmission axis pa2 of the upper polarizer pol2, The transmission axes pa2 are orthogonal to each other. For example, when the first transmission axis pa1 of the lower polarizer pol1 is parallel to the second direction DR2, the second transmission axis pa2 of the upper polarizer pol2 is parallel to the first direction DR1 do. The first direction DR1 may be parallel to the eighth sub direction D8 or the tenth sub direction D10.

Therefore, in the curved display device 1000 according to the comparative example, when a driving voltage is applied and an electric field is applied, the driving voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer lcl in each of the second overlap region ova2 and the sixth overlap region ova6. The direction of the optical axis is parallel to the direction of the first transmission axis pa1 of the lower polarizer pol1 or the direction of the second transmission axis pa2 of the upper polarizer pol2.

When the direction of the first transmission axis pa1 of the lower polarizer pol1 is parallel to the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer lcl in each of the second overlap region ova2 and the sixth overlap region ova6, The light transmitted through the polarizing plate pol1 passes through the second overlapping area ova2 and the sixth overlapping area ova6 and is blocked by the second transmission axis pa2 of the upper polarizing plate pol2.

When the direction of the second transmission axis pa2 of the upper polarizer pol2 is parallel to the direction of the optical axis of the liquid crystal layer lcl in each of the second overlap region ova2 and the sixth overlap region ova6 , The light transmitted through the lower polarizer pol1 is blocked without passing through the second overlap region ova2 and the sixth overlap region ova6. Thus, the user can not visually recognize the light of the second overlapping area ova2 and the sixth overlapping area ova6.

That is, in the curved display device according to the comparative example, the first liquid crystal molecules on the lower alignment regions of the first alignment film and the second liquid crystal molecules on the upper alignment regions of the second alignment film corresponding to the lower alignment regions are in the same direction So that the user can not visually recognize the light when the first substrate and the second substrate are warped, resulting in a defective texture in the pixel.

On the contrary, the first liquid crystal molecules of the curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention described with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6F are pre-tilted by a first square, but the second liquid crystal molecules are not substantially pre- 1 &lt; / RTI &gt; square. Accordingly, even if the curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is warped, the defective texture does not occur. Accordingly, the curved display device according to the embodiment of the present invention can improve the display quality.

In a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, the use of the photoinitiator does not react, the remaining reactive mesogens are reduced, and the defects caused by the residual reactive mesogens are reduced. In addition, the photoinitiator increases the reaction rate of the reactive mesogens, thereby shortening the process time for forming the alignment film.

8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, in order to manufacture a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention, a pixel electrode or the like is formed on a first base substrate (S110), and a first base layer is formed on a first base substrate (S120). Separately, a common electrode or the like is formed on the second base substrate (S130), and a second base layer is formed on the second base substrate (S140). Then, a liquid crystal layer is interposed between the first base layer and the second base layer (S150). The liquid crystal layer contains reactive mesogens. Next, the liquid crystal layer is subjected to a first exposure (162) while an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer (161) to form an alignment layer (S160). Thereafter, the liquid crystal layer is subjected to the second exposure 170 after the electric field is removed.

9A, 9B and 9C are sectional views sequentially illustrating a method of manufacturing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1A, 1B, 2 to 8, 9A, 9B and 9C, a pixel electrode PE and the like are provided on a first base substrate BS1.

And provides a gate pattern on the first base substrate BS1. The gate pattern includes the gate lines GL and the storage electrode portion. The gate pattern may be formed using a photolithography process. A gate insulating film (GI) is provided on the gate pattern. A semiconductor pattern SM is provided on the gate insulating film GI. The semiconductor pattern SM may include an active pattern and an ohmic contact layer formed on the active pattern. The semiconductor pattern SM may be provided using a photolithography process. A data pattern is provided on the semiconductor pattern SM. The data pattern includes a data line DL, a source electrode SE, and a drain electrode DE. The data pattern may be provided using a photolithographic process. At this time, the semiconductor pattern SM and the data pattern may be provided using one half mask, a diffraction mask, or the like. A protective film (PSV) is provided on the data pattern. The protective film PSV has a contact hole CH exposing a part of the drain electrode DE and can be provided by using a photolithography process. A pixel electrode PE connected to the drain electrode DE through the contact hole CH is provided on the passivation layer PSV. The pixel electrode PE may be provided using a photolithography process.

Next, a first base layer PAL1 is provided on the first base substrate BS1. The first base layer PAL1 can be formed by applying a first alignment liquid on the first base substrate BS1 and then heating the first alignment liquid.

The first alignment liquid includes a first alignment agent that is polymerized to form a first base layer (PAL1), a photoinitiator that initiates photopolymerization of the reactive mesogens described below, and a solvent.

The first alignment agent may be a monomer, a dimer, an oligomer, or the like, or a mixture thereof, of a polymer such as polyimide, polyamic acid, polyamide, polyamic imide, polyester, polyethylene, polyurethane, or polystyrene.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the first alignment agent may further include additives such as an antioxidant to prevent the oxidation of the liquid crystal molecules LC in the liquid crystal layer (LCL).

Compounds that can be used as photoinitiators include benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene titanocene, alpha-amonoketone, alpha-aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-dichloro (alpha -dichloro, acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether and the like.

Among the photo initiators commercially available are Irgacure ^® 651, Irgacure ^® 127, Irgacure ^® 754, Irgacure ^® 819, Irgacure ^® 784, Irgacure ^® 907, Irgacure ^® 369, Irgacure ^® 379, Irgacure ^® 2959, Irgacure ^® 369 from BASF. OXE01, Irgacure ^® OXE02 and Darocure ^® TPO.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator may be provided in an amount of 0.001 to 20 parts by weight, or 0.001 to 1 part by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the first alignment agent. The content of the photoinitiator may be set differently depending on the type of the photoinitiator used and the wavelength of the photo reaction initiation. For example, the photoinitiator is the case of Irgacure ^® 651 from about 0.05 parts by weight of Irgacure ^® 127 in the case of 0.1 part by weight of drug, Irgacure ^® case 754 of about 0.2 parts by weight, in the case of Irgacure ^® 819 from about 0.01 part by weight to 0.1 parts by weight About 0.11 part by weight for Irgacure ^® 784, about 0.001 part by weight to 0.1 part by weight for Irgacure ^® 907, about 0.001 part by weight to 0.1 part by weight for Irgacure ^® 369 and about 0.001 to 0.1 by Irgacure ^® 379 If the parts by weight, Irgacure ^® 2959 For the case of about 0.001 part by weight to 0.1 part by weight, Irgacure ^® OXE01 If 0.01 part by weight, Irgacure ^® OXE02 0.01 part by weight, Darocure ^® TPO may be provided with parts of 0.01 wt.

The solvent may be any one which forms an alignment liquid by mixing with the first alignment agent and the reactive mesogens, and the kind thereof is not particularly limited. In one embodiment of the present invention, the solvent may be any one of? -Butyrolactone, ethylene glycol butyl ether and N-methylpyrrolidone, It may be a mixed solution of at least two of the three.

The first alignment liquid is polymerized by heating, and as a result, is cured to form a first base layer (PAL1). The process of forming the first base layer (PAL1) is a thermosetting process in which at least a part of the photoinitiator in which the reaction is initiated by light does not react, so that at least a part of the photoinitiator remains in the first alignment film.

The steps of providing the second substrate SUB2 will now be described.

On the second base substrate BS2, a color filter CF for displaying color is provided. A common electrode CE is provided on the color filter CF. The color filter CF and the common electrode CE may each be provided in various ways and may be provided using a photolithography process.

The second base layer PAL2 is formed on the second base substrate BS2 on which the common electrodes CE and the like are formed. The second base layer PAL2 may be formed by applying a second alignment liquid on the second base substrate BS1 and then heating the second alignment liquid.

The second alignment liquid includes a second alignment agent and a solvent which are polymerized to form a second base layer (PAL2). Here, the second alignment liquid does not contain the photoinitiator contained in the first alignment liquid.

The second alignment agent may be a monomer, a dimer, an oligomer, or the like, or a mixture thereof, of a polymer such as polyimide, polyamic acid, polyamide, polyamic imide, polyester, polyethylene, polyurethane, or polystyrene.

The solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is mixed with the second alignment agent to form the second alignment solution. In one embodiment of the present invention, the solvent is any one of? -Butyrolactone (? -BL), ethylene glycol butyl ether (or butyl cellosolve; BCS) and N-methylpyrrolidone It may be a mixed solution of at least two of the above three kinds.

The second alignment liquid is polymerized by heating and as a result cures to form the second base layer (PAL2).

9A, the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 are opposed to each other, and a liquid crystal layer LCL (liquid crystal cell) is formed as a liquid crystal composition between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2, ).

The liquid crystal layer LCL is composed of a liquid crystal composition comprising liquid crystal molecules LC having dielectric anisotropy and reactive mesogens RM having a light absorption peak at a predetermined wavelength.

The liquid crystal molecules LC may have a negative dielectric anisotropy but are not limited thereto and may have a positive dielectric anisotropy

The reactive mesogens (RM) refer to photocurable particles, that is, photocrosslinkable low molecular weight or high molecular weight copolymers, which cause a chemical reaction such as a polymerization reaction when light of a specific wavelength, for example, ultraviolet light is applied. The reactive mesogens (RM) may include, for example, acrylates, methacrylates, epoxies, oxetanes, vinyl-ethers, or styrenes. The reactive mesogens may be of rod-shaped, banana-shaped, board-shaped, or disk-shaped material.

The polymerization reaction may be initiated by a photoinitiator. For example, in the case of the benzyldimethylketal-based photoinitiator, a polymerization reaction occurs when light of about 340 nm is provided, and the polymerization of the reactive mesogens (RM) is initiated by the polymerization of the photoinitiator to form a sequential chain reaction chain reaction occurs. When the photoinitiator is present only on one side (the side of the first substrate in the embodiment of the invention), the polymerization of the reactive mesogens (RM) on the side where the photoinitiator is provided is carried out by the reactive mesomer The polymerization reaction of the glycides (RM) takes place much more quickly. Accordingly, the first alignment layer (PTL1) can be formed on the first base substrate (BS1) by including the photoinitiator only in the first base layer (PAL1).

In one embodiment of the present invention, the reactive mesogens (RM) initiate polymerization reaction by a photoinitiator and perform polymerization reaction at a predetermined wavelength, and the kind thereof is not limited. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, compounds represented by the following general formula (3) can be selected.

(3)

P1-sp1-A1-sp2- (A2) m-sp3-A3-sp4-P2

Wherein P1 is a terminal group comprising 2 to 6 reactors causing polymerization reaction. The reactor may be, for example, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a vinyl-ether group, or a styrene group. P2 is a terminal group that is provided independently of P1 and comprises two to six reactors that cause a polymerization reaction. The reactor may be, for example, an acrylate group, a methacrylate group, an epoxy group, an oxetane group, a vinyl-ether group, or a styrene group. Sp1, Sp2, Sp3, and Sp4 each independently represents a single _{bond, -CH 2 -, -COO-, -CO} -CH = CH-, -COO-CH = CH-, -CH 2 OCH 2 -, and -CH ₂ O &lt; - &gt; as a spacer group. A1 and A3 is a single bond, a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a thiophenyl group, and at least one polycyclic aromatic group or one kinds of -F, -Cl, -OCH ₃ and a C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups 0-10 are each independently Substituted derivatives thereof. A2 is at least one of a cyclohexyl group, a phenyl group, a thiophenyl group, and a multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbon group, or derivatives thereof substituted with -F, -Cl, -OCH ₃ and 0 to 10 alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms . m is 1 to 4;

Figure 10 is a graph showing the content of reactive mesogens in the liquid crystal layer with and without the photoinitiator according to the first exposure. 10, the first sample shows the case where no photoinitiator is included in both the first base layer and the second base layer, and the second and third samples show the case where the photoinitiator is contained in the first alignment film, The case where different photoinitiators are used is shown.

Referring to FIG. 10, the reactive mesogens in the liquid crystal layer cause a polymerization reaction upon exposure, thereby reducing the content in the liquid crystal layer altogether. However, in the case of the first sample not provided with the photoinitiator, the decrease in the reactive mesogen content is small as compared with the second sample or the third sample provided with the photoinitiator. This means that the reaction rate of the reactive mesogens increases when the photoinitiator is not present when the photoinitiator is present.

Table 1 below shows the decrease in the content of reactive mesogens in the liquid crystal layer with the first exposure in the presence of the photoinitiator. In Table 1 below, each photoinitiator was used differently as described below, but all other elements, including the type of reactive mesogens, remained the same. In Table 1, it can be seen that the content of reactive mesogens in the liquid crystal layer is greatly reduced as the exposure amount is increased in the presence of the photoinitiator.

Photoinitiator Applied energy Reactive mesogen content (wt%) Percentage (wt%) ppm Irgacure 127 0J 0.170 85.2 1704 10J 0.025 12.3 247 20J 0.012 6.1 123 30J 0.006 3.1 61 40J 0.005 2.5 49 50J 0.003 1.6 32 60J 0.003 1.5 30 70J Below detection limit - - Irgacure 369 0J 0.147 73.4 1468 10J 0.026 12.9 259 20J 0.011 5.6 113 30J 0.005 2.6 53 40J 0.004 2.0 39 50J 0.003 1.4 28 60J Below detection limit - - 70J Below detection limit - - Irgacure 651 0J 0.188 94.2 1885 10J 0.027 13.3 267 20J 0.013 6.3 125 30J 0.006 3.1 62 40J 0.005 2.5 50 50J 0.004 2.0 40 60J 0.004 1.8 36 70J Below detection limit - - Irgacure 819 0J 0.150 75.0 1501 10J 0.023 11.5 231 20J 0.010 5.2 105 30J 0.007 3.3 67 40J 0.004 2.0 40 50J 0.003 1.6 31 60J Below detection limit - - 70J Below detection limit - -

Referring to FIG. 10 and Table 1, since the photoinitiator is provided only in the first base layer, the polymerization rate of the reactive mesogens on the first base layer side is fast. Thus, the polymerization reaction of the reactive mesogens mainly takes place between the first base layer and the liquid crystal layer, and the polymerization reaction of the reactive mesogens between the second base layer and the liquid crystal layer occurs much less than between the first base layer and the liquid crystal layer It happens. Accordingly, the alignment layer is not substantially formed on the second base layer, and even if the alignment layer is formed, the influence on alignment of the liquid crystal molecules is weak.

Next, referring to FIG. 9B, an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal composition. The electric field can be formed by applying a voltage to the pixel electrode PE and the common electrode CE. In addition, the first light L1 is applied to the liquid crystal layer LCL in a state where an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal composition to perform the first exposure.

The first light L1 may have a longer wavelength than the second light L2 (see Fig. 9C) to be described later. The first light L1 may be light in the ultraviolet region, and in one embodiment of the present invention may have a wavelength of about 10 nm to about 400 nm. Other embodiments of the present invention may have a wavelength of from about 220 nm to about 350 nm, and in yet another embodiment may have a maximum absorption wavelength of the reactive mesogens (RM). The first light L1 may be polarized light or may be unpolarized light.

The first light (L1) according to one embodiment of the present invention can be provided in the liquid crystal composition to be about 0.1J / cm ² to about 50J / cm ² for about 30 seconds to about 200 seconds. However, the light energy and the irradiation time are not limited thereto, but may vary depending on the kind of the reactive mesogens (RM).

When the first light L1 is irradiated on the liquid crystal layer LCL, the first alignment layer PTL1 is formed on the first base layer PAL1. The polymerization of the first alignment layer (PTL1) reactive mesogens (RM) is initiated by the photoinitiator, so that the polymerization of the reactive mesogens (RM), as the photoinitiator is only provided from the first base layer The reaction mainly occurs at the interface between the first base layer (PAL1) and the liquid crystal layer (LCL) and substantially does not occur at the interface between the second base layer (PAL2) and the liquid crystal layer (LCL).

In detail, when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal molecules LC, the reactive mesogens RM are arranged substantially in the same direction as the liquid crystal molecules LC around the reactive mesogens RM. In this state, when the first light L1 is incident, the polymerization reaction of the reactive mesogens (RM) takes place in a chain reaction after the reaction of the photoinitiator occurs first. As a result, the reactive mesogens RM can be polymerized with each other by the first light L1 to form a network between the reactive mesogens RM. The reactive mesogens (RM) may combine with adjacent reactive mesogens (RM) to form side chains. Here, the reactive mesogens RM have a specific directionality along the average alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules LC because they form a network in a state in which the liquid crystal molecules LC are arranged. Accordingly, even if the electric field is removed, the liquid crystal molecules (LC) adjacent to the network have a square-angle.

Next, referring to FIG. 9C, a second light L2 having a shorter wavelength than the first light (L1 in FIG. 8B) is applied to the first exposed liquid crystal composition in a state in which the electric field is removed to perform a second exposure.

The second light L2 may be light in the ultraviolet region, and in one embodiment of the present invention may have a wavelength of about 10 nm to about 400 nm. In another embodiment of the present invention, it may have a wavelength of about 220 nm to about 350 nm. The second light L2 may be polarized light, or may be non-polarized light.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the second light L2 may be provided to the liquid crystal composition for about 10 minutes to about 90 minutes at an illuminance of about 0.05 mW / cm ² to about 0.6 mW / cm ² . However, illumination or irradiation time is not limited to this, and may vary depending on the kind of reactive mesogens (RM in FIG. 9A). In the second exposure step, the second light L2 is applied to the first alignment layer PTL1 to complete the reaction of the unreacted sites of the first alignment layer PTL1. This stabilizes the first alignment layer (PTL1).

The curved display device provided with the first alignment layer PTL1 can be manufactured by the above-described method.

The method of manufacturing a curved display device according to an embodiment of the present invention may further include the step of bending the first substrate and the second substrate in a single direction in a state where the second substrate is completely exposed. In another embodiment of the present invention, the method of manufacturing a curved display device may further include a step of bending the first substrate and the second substrate before forming the first and second base layers.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be understood that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Example

Example 1

A first base substrate was prepared, and a first base layer was formed of a first alignment liquid containing a photoinitiator on the first base substrate. A second base substrate was prepared, and a second base layer was formed with a second alignment solution not containing a photoinitiator. Providing a liquid crystal composition comprising reactive mesogens between a first base substrate and a second base substrate and providing light and an electric field to form a second alignment film comprising first large protrusions and a second alignment film comprising second large protrusions, To form an alignment film. A curved display device was formed through the above processes. # 1 and # 2 were sampled from the sample of the first alignment film of Example 1 and # 3 and # 4 were obtained from the second alignment film sample of Example 1.

Comparative Example 1

A curved display device was formed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that no photoinitiator was used when forming the first base layer. # 5 and # 6 were sampled from a sample of the first alignment film of Comparative Example 1, and # 7 and # 8 were obtained from the second alignment film sample of Comparative Example 1.

1. Measurement of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

1) AFM measurement

AFM images of # 1, # 2, # 3 and # 4 of Example 1 and # 5, # 6, # 7 and # 8 of Comparative Example 1 were measured with AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) STA-500. The measured AFM images are shown in Fig.

2) Measurement of distribution of large protrusions

① Measurement of distribution of large protrusions with particle diameters of 30 nm or more

Based on the measured AFM images, regions where first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more were distributed were measured in # 1 and # 2 of Example 1 and # 5 and # 6 of Comparative Example 1, , # 4 in Comparative Example 1, and # 7 and # 8 in Comparative Example 1, in which the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more were distributed, are shown in FIG. The first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more or the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more are shown in red in FIG. 12, and the first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more or the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more Are not shown in blue.

② Distribution of large protrusions with particle diameters of 50 nm or more

Based on the measured AFM images, regions where first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more were distributed were measured in # 1 and # 2 of Example 1 and # 5 and # 6 of Comparative Example 1, , And the regions where the second large protrusions having a particle size of 50 nm or more were distributed in # 7 and # 8 of Comparative Example 1 were measured and shown in FIG. The first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more or the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more are shown in red in FIG. 13, and the first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more or the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more Are not shown in blue.

2. Measurement results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1

1) AFM analysis of the second large protrusions and the first large protrusions

11, the shape, number, and distribution of the first large protrusions in # 5 and # 6 of Comparative Example 1 are similar to the shapes, number, and distribution of the second large protrusions in # 7 and # 8 of Comparative Example 1 . However, it can be seen that the number of the first large protrusions # 1 and # 2 in Embodiment 1 is significantly larger than the number of the second large protrusions in # 3 and # 4 in Embodiment 1.

2) Analysis of distribution of second large protrusions and first large protrusions

① Analysis of the distribution of large protrusions with diameters of 30 nm or more

Table 2 shows the area of the area where the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more are distributed and the area of the area where the first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more are distributed in the measured AFM images. The sum of the area of the first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more in each of the AFM images and the area of the area in which the first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more is not distributed is 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² . In addition, the sum of the width of the region where the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more is distributed and the width of the region where the second large protrusions having the particle diameter of 30 nm or more are not distributed in each of the AFM images is 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² .

Example 1 Width of distribution area
(Unit: nm ² ) Width of undistorted area
(Unit: nm ² ) The number of first large protrusions or second large protrusions Comparative Example 1 Width of distribution area
(Unit: nm ² ) Width of undistorted area
(Unit: nm ² ) # 3 1.489 * 10 ⁵ 8.511 * 10 ⁵ 43 # 7 8.046 * 10 ⁵ 1.954 * 10 ⁵ #4 2.605 * 10 ⁵ 7.395 * 10 ⁵ 55 #8 6.056 * 10 ⁵ 3.944 * 10 ⁵ #One 3.471 * 10 ⁵ 6.529 * 10 ⁵ 104 # 5 4.983 * 10 ⁵ 5.017 * 10 ⁵ #2 4.572 * 10 ⁵ 5.428 * 10 ⁵ 71 # 6 6.755 * 10 ⁵ 3.245 * 10 ⁵

Referring to Table 2 and FIG. 12, it can be seen that the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions in the first embodiment is smaller than the width of the distribution area of the first large protrusions. Also, in Example 1, it can be seen that the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions is smaller than the width of the area where the second large protrusions are not distributed, and the width of the distribution area of the first large protrusions is smaller than that of the first large protrusions Which is smaller than the width of the non-distributed region.

In Example 1, it can be seen that the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions / the width of the distribution area of the first large protrusions represents approximately 43/100, 32/100, 3/4, 57/100.

In Example 1, it can be seen that the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions / the width of the area where the second large protrusions are not distributed represents approximately 1/5, 17/100, 35/100, 3/10 there was.

However, it was also confirmed that the width of the distribution region of the first large protrusions in Comparative Example 1 is smaller than the width of the distribution region of the second large protrusions. The width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions in Comparative Example 1 is larger than the width of the area in which the second large protrusions are not distributed. The width of the distribution area of the first large protrusions is larger than that of the first large protrusions Which is smaller than or larger than the width of the non-existent region.

② Analysis of the distribution of large protrusions with particle diameters of 50 nm or more

Table 3 shows the area of the area where the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more are distributed and the area of the area where the first large protrusions having the particle diameter of 50 nm or more are distributed in the measured AFM images. The sum of the area of the area where the first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more is distributed and the area of the area where the first large protrusions having the particle diameter of 50 nm or more are not distributed in each of the AFM images is 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² . In addition, the sum of the width of the region where the second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more is distributed and the width of the region where the second large protrusions having the particle diameter of 50 nm or more are not distributed in each of the AFM images is 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² .

Example 1 Width of distribution area
(Unit: nm ² ) Width of undistorted area
(Unit: nm ² ) The number of the first large protrusions or the second large protrusions Comparative Example 1 Width of distribution area
(Unit: nm ² ) Width of undistorted area
(Unit: nm ² ) The number of the second large protrusions or the first large protrusions # 3 0.2374 * 10 ⁵ 9.7626 * 10 ⁵ 6 # 7 2.630 * 10 ⁵ 7.370 * 10 ⁵ 34 #4 - - #8 2.223 * 10 ⁵ 7.777 * 10 ⁵ 33 #One 0.5686 * 10 ⁵ 9.4314 * 10 ⁵ 37 # 5 1.564 * 10 ⁵ 8.436 * 10 ⁵ 19 #2 0.7318 * 10 ⁵ 9.2682 * 10 ⁵ 32 # 6 1.809 * 10 ⁵ 8.191 * 10 ⁵ 51

Referring to Table 3 and FIG. 13, it can be seen that the width of the distribution region of the second large protrusions in Example 1 is smaller than the width of the distribution region of the first large protrusions.

In Example 1, it was confirmed that the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions / the width of the distribution area of the first large protrusions represented approximately 42/100 and 32/100.

In Example 1, it was confirmed that the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions / the width of the area where the second large protrusions do not distribute is approximately 24/1000.

In the comparative example 1, the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions is smaller than the width of the distribution area of the first large protrusions. The width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions is smaller than the width of the distribution area of the second large protrusions And 3/10 of the area, respectively.

Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification, but should be defined by the claims.

10: Curved display device ALN1: First alignment film
ALN2: second alignment film SUB1: first substrate
SUB2: second substrate LCL: liquid crystal layer
LC: liquid crystal molecules RM: reactive mesogens
PAL1: first base layer PTL1: first orientation layer
PE: pixel electrode CE: common electrode

Claims (46)

Providing a first alignment liquid comprising a first alignment agent and a photoinitiator on a first base substrate and curing the first alignment liquid to form a first base layer;
Providing a second alignment liquid containing a second alignment agent on the second base substrate and not containing a photoinitiator and curing the second alignment liquid to form a second base layer;
Providing a liquid crystal layer comprising a liquid crystal composition comprising a reactive mesogen between the first base substrate and the second base substrate;
Applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer; And
And applying a first light to the liquid crystal layer to react the reactive mesogen to form a first alignment layer on the first base layer. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the photoinitiator is linked or contained in the first alignment liquid in a side chain in an amount of 0.001 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the first alignment agent. The method according to claim 1,
The photoinitiator is selected from the group consisting of benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene, alpha- Aminocetone, alpha-aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-dichloro, acetoacetic acid, A method of manufacturing a curved display device comprising at least one of acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether and derivatives thereof. The method of claim 3,
Wherein each of the reactive mesogens is selected from at least one compound selected from acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether, and styrene. The method according to claim 1,
The step of applying an electric field to the liquid crystal layer, and the step of reacting the reactive mesogen by applying first light to the liquid crystal layer to provide the first alignment layer on the first base layer, Way. 6. The method of claim 5,
And removing the electric field from the liquid crystal layer and applying a second light different from the first light to the liquid crystal layer. The method according to claim 1,
Providing a pixel electrode on the first substrate; and providing a common electrode on the second substrate, wherein the electric field is formed between the pixel electrode and the common electrode Gt; 8. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the pixel electrode includes a stem portion and a plurality of branch portions protruding from the stem portion. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the first substrate includes a plurality of pixel regions each having a plurality of domains, and the branch portions extend in different directions corresponding to the respective domains. A first base substrate;
A second base substrate facing the first base substrate;
A pixel electrode provided on the first base substrate;
A common electrode provided on the first base substrate or the second base substrate;
A first base layer provided on the first base substrate;
A first orientation-imparted layer provided on the first base layer and polymerized with a reactive mesogen;
A second base layer provided on the second base substrate; And
And a liquid crystal layer provided between the first alignment layer and the second base layer and including liquid crystal molecules. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the reactive mesogen is selected from at least one compound selected from acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether, and styrene. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the first alignment layer further comprises a photoinitiator and a derivative thereof bonded to the reactive mesogen. 13. The method of claim 12,
The photoinitiator and derivatives thereof may be selected from the group consisting of benzyl dimethyl ketal, alpha-hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene, Alpha-aminocetone, alpha-aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-dichloro, and the like. ), Acetophenone, alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether, and derivatives thereof. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the pixel electrode is provided on a first base substrate, the common electrode is provided on a second base substrate,
Wherein the pixel electrode includes a stem portion and a plurality of branch portions protruding from the stem portion. 15. The method of claim 14,
Wherein the first substrate includes a plurality of pixel regions each having a plurality of domains, and the branch portions extend in different directions corresponding to the respective domains. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment-forming layer and the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second base layer are different in angle of view. 17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment layer have a pretilt angle of 80 to 90 degrees. 18. The method of claim 17,
Wherein the liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second base layer have a pretilt angle of 88 to 90 degrees. 11. The method of claim 10,
Wherein each of the first base substrate and the second base substrate is curved. A first substrate bent;
A second substrate facing the first substrate and curved; And
And a liquid crystal layer provided between the first substrate and the second substrate and including liquid crystal molecules,
Wherein the first substrate comprises:
A first base substrate; And
And a first alignment layer provided between the first base substrate and the liquid crystal layer, the first alignment layer including reactive mesogens polymerized with each other,
The second substrate may include:
A second base substrate; And
And a second alignment layer provided between the second base substrate and the liquid crystal layer,
Wherein the first liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the first alignment layer among the liquid crystal molecules have a first pretilt angle,
And the second liquid crystal molecules adjacent to the second alignment film among the liquid crystal molecules have a second pre-alignment angle different from the first pre-alignment angle. 21. The method of claim 20,
Wherein the first pre-scan square is 80 degrees to 90 degrees. 21. The method of claim 20,
And the second angle of linear polarization is in the range of 88 degrees to 90 degrees. 21. The method of claim 20,
The first substrate has a first radius of curvature,
Wherein the second substrate has a second radius of curvature that is different from the first radius of curvature. 21. The method of claim 20,
The first substrate
Further comprising a pixel electrode provided on the first base substrate,
The second substrate
And a common electrode provided on the second base substrate and facing the pixel electrode. 25. The method of claim 24,
The pixel electrode
Line base; And
And a plurality of branches extending from the stem base. 26. The method of claim 25,
The pixel electrode
Wherein the plurality of branches are defined as a plurality of domains having different extending directions with respect to the stem. 26. The method of claim 25,
And the branches of each of the domains extend parallel to each other. 28. The method of claim 27,
The domains
The first domain, the second domain, the third domain, and the fourth domain. 21. The method of claim 20,
A first polarizer provided below the first substrate and having a first transmission axis; And
And a second polarizing plate provided on the second substrate and having a second transmission axis,
And the direction of the first transmission axis and the direction of the second transmission axis are orthogonal to each other. A bent first base substrate;
A first alignment layer including a first base layer provided on the first base substrate and a plurality of first projections provided on the first base layer;
A second base substrate opposed to the first base substrate and curved; And
A second base layer provided on the second base substrate and a plurality of second projections provided on the second base layer,
The first projections
And first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less,
The second projections
And second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 30 nm or more and 1000 nm or less,
The first base layer
A first overlapping region overlapping the first large protrusions; And
And a first non-overlapping region that does not overlap with the first large protrusions,
The second base layer
A second overlap region overlapping the second large protrusions; And
And a second non-overlapping region that does not overlap with the second large protrusions,
Wherein a relationship represented by the following formula (1) is satisfied.
[Formula 1]
0 &lt; the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the first overlapping area 4/5 31. The method of claim 30,
The number of the second large protrusions
Wherein the number of the first large protrusions is smaller than the number of the first large protrusions. 31. The method of claim 30,
The width of the second overlapping area
Overlap region is smaller than the width of the second non-overlap region. 31. The method of claim 30,
The relationship represented by the following formula (2) is established.
[Formula 2]
0 &lt; the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the second non-overlapping area 5/10 31. The method of claim 30,
The width of the first overlapping area
Wherein a surface area of the first base layer is 3.0 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or more and 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less based on a unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² . 31. The method of claim 30,
The width of the second overlapping area
The second base layer surface of the curved display unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² over 0nm ² exceeds 3.5 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or less in the. A bent first base substrate;
A first alignment layer including a first base layer provided on the first base substrate and a plurality of first projections provided on the first base layer;
A second base substrate opposed to the first base substrate and curved; And
A second base layer provided on the second base substrate and a plurality of second projections provided on the second base layer,
The first projections
And first large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less,
The second projections
And second large protrusions having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more and 1000 nm or less,
The first base layer
A first overlapping region overlapping the first large protrusions; And
And a first non-overlapping region that does not overlap with the first large protrusions,
The second base layer
A second overlap region overlapping the second large protrusions; And
And a second non-overlapping region that does not overlap with the second large protrusions,
The relationship represented by the following formula (3) is established.
[Formula 3]
0 &lt; the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the first overlapping area < 1/2 37. The method of claim 36,
The number of the second large protrusions
Wherein the number of the first large protrusions is smaller than the number of the first large protrusions. 37. The method of claim 36,
The relationship represented by the following expression (4) is established.
[Formula 4]
0 &lt; the width of the second overlapping area / the width of the second non-overlapping area 1/10 37. The method of claim 36,
The width of the first overlapping area
Wherein a surface area of the first base layer is 0.4 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or more and 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² or less as compared with a unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² . 37. The method of claim 36,
The width of the second overlapping area
The second base layer surface of the curved display unit area of 1.0 * 10 ⁶ nm ² nm compared 0 ² exceeds 0.3 * 10 ⁵ nm ² or less in the. A first substrate bent;
A first alignment layer provided on the first substrate;
A second substrate opposed to and curved from the first substrate; And
And a second alignment layer provided on the second substrate and facing the first alignment layer,
The first alignment layer
A first base layer;
A photoinitiator polymerized with the first base layer; And
And the reactive mesogens polymerized with the photoinitiator. 42. The method of claim 41,
The second alignment layer
And is not polymerized with the photoinitiator. 42. The method of claim 41,
The photoinitiator
Benzyl dimethyl ketal,? -Hydroxyketone, methylbenzoylformate, acrylophosphine oxide, titanocene, alpha-amino ketone (? -aminoketone, alpha -aminoacetophenone, oxime ester, benzophenone, phenyletone, alpha-dichloro, acetophenone, Alpha-choro, thioxanthone, benzoalkylether, and derivatives thereof. &Lt; Desc / Clms Page number 18 &gt; 42. The method of claim 41,
Each of the reactive mesogens
Acrylate, methacrylate, epoxy, oxetane, vinyl-ether and styrene, and derivatives thereof. 42. The method of claim 41,
The first alignment layer
And a structure represented by the following formula (1) and (2).
[Chemical Formula 1]

(2)

45. The method of claim 45,
On the surface of the first alignment layer
Wherein the structure of the following formula (1) is present more than the structure of the following formula (2).

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