KR20150144306A - Fire retardant and waterproof treatment method of wood - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for flame-retardant and waterproof treatment of timber, capable of achieving excellent workability and high efficiency in flame retardance and water resistance, by permeating mixed liquid of flame-retardant waterproof agents, containing both waterproof chemicals and phosphorous flame-retardant liquid, into timber at high pressure. The method for flame-retardant and waterproof treatment of timber includes: a step for conducting a vacuum exhaustion of timber, wherein the timber is inserted into a vacuum chamber in order to eliminate moisture and foreign substances from the inside of the timber; a step for fully charging flame-retardant waterproof liquid to the vacuum chamber and pressurizing the flame-retardant waterproof liquid at pressures of 8-25 kgf/cm^2 for a predetermined time, thereby immersing the flame-retardant waterproof liquid; a step for dehydrating the flame-retardant waterproof liquid, by exhausting and vacuuming the timber immersed with the flame-retardant waterproof liquid; a step for naturally drying the timber, wherein the flame-retardant waterproof liquid is dehydrated, for predetermined time in the shade; and a step for completely drying the naturally dried timber at temperatures of 50-80°C for 2-4 days after inserting the timber into a drying machine. The flame-retardant waterproof liquid includes inorganic phosphorous flame retardant liquid having the viscosity of 0-5 and waterproof liquid, combined at a ratio of 5-15:1 by weight; and any one from 2-5% by weight of ethyl or ethylene. The inorganic phosphorous flame retardant liquid can be any one among triethyl phosphate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium polyphosphate, while the waterproof liquid can be either one from a non-acetic silicone sealant or a moisture-cure silicone adhesive, thus achieving both flame retardance and water resistance.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to wood flame retardant and waterproof treatment methods,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a flame retardant waterproofing treatment method for wood, and more particularly to a wood flame retardant waterproofing treatment method of wood flame retardant waterproofing treatment, which comprises a flame retardant waterproofing liquid mixed with a waterproofing agent and a phosphorus flame retardant solution, So that flame retarding and waterproofing of highly efficient wood can be achieved by vacuum exhaust and high pressure penetration.

In general, wood, plywood, medium-density fiberboard, and paper are widely used as furniture and building interior materials. Wood is decomposed into wood or wood gas by heating, and inflammable wood gas is oxidized, burning the building in an instant, causing damage to property and human life. Therefore, effective flame retarding and flame retarding treatment are required.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] Wood-related flame retardant compositions consist of a halogen-based flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a mixture of an inorganic flame retardant and a polymer, and are coated on the surface of the donor body.

The conventional flame retardant or flameproofing composition imparts flame retardancy by forming a flame retardant coating on the surface of the wood. In the formation of the flame retardant coating film, the absorption of the flame retardant composition is extremely small in the coated body and the drying speed of the coating film is very slow, There is a problem that the coating film is cracked when left for a long time. In order to solve such a problem, a two-pack type paint having a high curing speed is used and a volatile substance such as a thinner is used as a diluent, thereby causing indoor air pollution and the like.

In addition, conventional flame retardant or flame retardant agent forms a relatively thick film by coating type to delay the spreading of flames during a fire, and when some flame retardant liquid is applied to the surface of wood, after a predetermined period of time, As a result, dew condensation occurs, and when condensation hardens, whitening occurs.

Korean Patent No. 10-644770 discloses a transparent flame retardant coating composition having improved flame retardancy, and a chlorine rubber resin, a phenolic resin, a polyester resin, chlorinated paraffin, and an organic solvent are used. The resin has a problem in that it contains a large amount of toxic compounds such as wastewater and paraffin harmful to the human body in the organic solvent.

Examples of the method for imparting flame retardancy to a combustible material include a method of adding a flame retardant additive in a material production process such as a fiber spinning process or a panel or sheet extrusion process, a method of attaching a flame retardant sheet to the surface of wood, However, in the case of the flame-retardant sheet, the flame-retardant sheet is deteriorated when it is exposed to a certain temperature over a certain period of time, resulting in a failure to exhibit flame retardancy. In addition, There is a problem that flame retardancy is lost in the early stage of fire because the flame retardant material is applied only about 1 to 3 mm from the surface or the surface of the wood.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1230386 (Title of Invention: Dimensional stability of wood and method for improving flame retardancy, Registration Announcement on Mar. 02, 2013) Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2011-0094006 (entitled "Phosphorus flame retardant and its application field therefor, registered on Aug. 19, 2011) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1092621 (Title: Wood preservative composition, December 13, 2011)

An object of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant waterproofing treatment method of wood which is excellent in workability by achieving flame retardant and waterproofing treatment simultaneously by infiltrating and infiltrating a flame retardant waterproofing liquid mixed with a waterproofing agent and a phosphorus flame retardant solution into a wood at a high pressure.

The flame retardant waterproofing treatment method of wood according to the present invention comprises the steps of injecting a vacuum chamber to remove air, moisture and foreign matter from the inside of the wood to evacuate the flame retardant waterproofing liquid, filling the vacuum chamber with the flame- / Cm < 2 > for a predetermined time, dewatering the flame retardant waterproofing liquid by evacuating the wood impregnated with the flame retardant waterproofing liquid, naturally drying the dewatered wood of the flame retardant waterproofing solution for a predetermined period of time And a step of putting the naturally dried wood into a dryer and completely drying the wood at a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C for 2 to 4 days, the method comprising:

Further comprising the step of improving the impregnation efficiency while ultrasonic vibration is applied to the flame retardant waterproofing liquid and the wood by the ultrasonic vibrator provided in the vacuum chamber, wherein the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is a mixture of an inorganic phosphorus flame retardant having a viscosity of 0 to 5 and a water- : 1, and the mixture is further mixed with 2 to 5% by weight of either ethyl or ethylene. The inorganic phosphorus-based flame retardant is any one of triethylphosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate, Type silicone sealant or a moisture-curable silicone adhesive, and is characterized in that flame-retarding and water-proofing are simultaneously carried out.

In the present invention, the surface tension of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is further reduced by mixing ethyl or ethylene at a weight ratio of 2 to 5% to the flame retardant waterproofing liquid, so that the penetration power of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is further improved and the drying time of the wood is further reduced .

The present invention provides flame retardant and waterproofing treatments by impregnating and impregnating a flame retardant waterproofing liquid mixed with a waterproofing agent and a phosphorus flame retardant liquid into a wood at a high pressure to achieve excellent workability and achieving high efficiency flame retarding and waterproofing by high pressure penetration have.

The present invention is not only excellent in flame-retarding effect of wood by flame-retarding treatment with a phosphorus flame retardant solution, but also has an effect of waterproofing and / or repelling wood by a waterproofing agent.

The flame retardant waterproofing liquid of the present invention is an inorganic phosphorus flame retardant which is excellent in thermal stability and is formed of an inorganic material that does not cause environmental problems, and is environmentally friendly and has an effect of maintaining the inherent characteristics of wood.

In addition, in the case of conventional flame retardant, since the viscosity (viscosity) and the surface tension are large, bubbles are generated on the surface of the wood and the permeability is largely lowered, but the viscosity and surface tension are small.

The flame retardant waterproofing liquid of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant which does not use an organic binder and has a viscosity of about 0 to 5, and has a surface tension of 3 times or more lower than that of a conventional flame retardant (using an organic binder) whose viscosity is maintained at 3,000 to 8,000, And when the flame retardant waterproofing liquid and / or wood is vibrated by an ultrasonic wave or an ultrasonic vibrator to be described later, the permeability of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is further excellent.

The present invention has the effect of maintaining the flame retardancy even if it is exposed to a certain temperature over a certain temperature since the surface of the wood as well as the inner cellulose is evenly impregnated.

Since the flame retardant and the waterproofing agent remain in the interior of the wood to remain, the flame retardant and the waterproofing agent are not coated on the surface, and the flame retardant and the water repellent agent are not coated on the surface. It is a very useful invention that has the effect of controlling the temperature and humidity through cellulosity which is an empty space, and can take advantage of properties including natural fragrance of wood.

1 is a process diagram showing an example of the present invention.
2: Comparative photograph of the drying state shown as an example of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, the same components as in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals as possible, and detailed descriptions of known configurations and functions are omitted so as not to obscure the gist of the present invention. May be different from what is actually implemented with the schematized drawings in order to easily describe the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a process drawing showing an example of the present invention. The prepared wood is put into a vacuum chamber equipped with a vacuum facility, and then evacuated for a predetermined time to discharge moisture, air, impurities, etc. contained in the wood surface and inside the wood And the residual amount of the inorganic phosphorus flame retardant and the water repellent agent or inorganic phosphorus flame retardant is mixed with the waterproofing liquid and ethyl at a predetermined ratio and the flame retardant waterproofing liquid having the flame retardant and waterproof function is injected into the vacuum chamber at a high pressure (Step S2). When the flame retardant waterproofing liquid penetrates evenly to the surface of the wood and the cellulose in the interior thereof (step S3), a part of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid impregnated in the wood is dehydrated (step S4) After the wood is taken out of the vacuum chamber and naturally dried in the shade (S5), the wood is heated and dried at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time in the drying chamber system).

According to the present invention, the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is impregnated, dewatered and dried at high pressure in the wood to achieve flame retardance and waterproofing treatment at the same time, so that workability is excellent and flame retardancy and waterproofing with high efficiency are achieved by high pressure penetration.

In the present invention, a manufacturing process of wood having a flame retardant and waterproof function will be described as follows.

Example

1. Wood preparation

The wood is restrained to a predetermined size, and then the surface is processed so as to maintain the characteristics of the wood such as the ring, the knot, and the wood result. The water content of the wood is preferably about 19% or less, for example, 10 to 19%. If it is lower than the above range, the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is insufficiently impregnated and the flame retardant waterproofing function is lowered. And impregnation time and drying time are delayed.

2. Preparation of flame retardant waterproofing liquid

A flame retardant waterproofing liquid is prepared by mixing phosphorus flame retardant solution and waterproofing solution at a weight ratio of 5 to 15: 1. The flame retardant waterproofing liquid of the present invention has a small surface tension and permeability that is more than three times that of conventional medicines. Accordingly, not only the pressing pressure can be reduced but also the pressing time is shortened and productivity is improved. The bubbles cause the permeability to drop significantly.)

In the present invention, ethyl or ethylene may be further included. That is, the surface tension of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is further reduced by mixing ethyl or ethylene at a weight ratio of 2 to 5% to the flame retardant waterproofing liquid, so that the penetration power (flotation power) of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is further improved and the drying time of the wood is further reduced have.

On the other hand, conventional flame retardants using organic binders such as acrylic binders maintain a viscosity of 3,000 to 8,000 and have a large surface tension. However, the flame retardant waterproofing liquid of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant which does not use an organic binder, The surface tension is 3 times or more lower than that of the conventional flame retardant, and thus the permeability of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is excellent. When the flame retardant waterproofing liquid and / or wood are vibrated by the ultrasonic wave or ultrasonic vibrator described later, the permeation resistance of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is better.

Examples of the phosphorus flame retardant include inorganic phosphorus and organic phosphorus. In the present invention, inorganic phosphorus flame retardants such as triethyl phosphate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate, which are environmentally friendly and capable of maintaining the characteristics of wood, can be exemplified .

The ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and the like are particulate, and triethyl phosphate is a liquid phase. Of course, when the particulate inorganic phosphorus flame retardant is mixed with water and stirred appropriately, it becomes liquid or water-soluble.

The waterproofing liquid to be mixed with the phosphorus flame retardant of the present invention is water-soluble or liquid silicone which is well soluble in water. The characteristics of silicon waterproofing agent are applied to plastics industry, hard coating and automobile industry by using heat resistance, lubrication and low surface tension peculiar to silicon. In addition, silicone products are used in construction industry, industrial use, And is effective as a general-purpose gloss, releasing agent and softening agent.

The silicone is exemplified by the product name "SHM2163" of Hansol E & C Co., Ltd. The silicone oil is a water-soluble silicone oil which is soluble in water and has a solid content of 60% Etc., and can be diluted to an appropriate concentration. The silicone has various properties such as low surface tension, water repellency, defoaming property, lubricity and the like, and is particularly useful as a water repellent agent because of its low surface tension and excellent penetration into wood.

The silicone effectively removes bubbles that degrade work efficiency and yield by the defoaming agent, and can be used in various fields such as high temperature and low temperature, water-soluble and non-water-soluble, smoke and acid solution Lt; / RTI >

The silicone is a multi-purpose sealant, which is a non-acetic acid one-component product with little irritating odor and little corrosion, and is excellent in weather resistance, durability, waterproofing and water repellency, and can be a wetting silicone adhesive or a moisture-curable silicone adhesive.

3. Vacuum chamber  input

A plurality of surface-processed woods are put into a vacuum chamber equipped with a vacuum system, and are stacked and stored so that the woods do not come into contact with each other by using spacing means such as a mountain stand, so that the flame retardant waterproofing agent can be impregnated do.

4. Wood Vacuum exhaust

When the wood is put into the vacuum chamber, the inside of the vacuum chamber is evacuated for a predetermined time by using a vacuum system to evacuate and remove moisture, air and impurities contained in the wood surface and inside the wood (cellulose) The waterproofing liquid can be effectively infiltrated into the interior of the wood or the cellulose interior of the wood.

That is, if moisture, air, impurities, or the like remain in the interior of the wood, permeation of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is difficult, but the injection or penetration of a sufficient amount of the flame retardant waterproofing agent into the interior of the wood is excellent by the vacuum exhaustion and uniform penetration is achieved.

5. High pressure injection of flame retardant Impregnation

Using a high pressure impregnator, the fire-retardant waterproofing liquid is impregnated to the inside of the wood uniformly at a pressure of 8 to 25 kgf / cm 2 for a predetermined time. Appropriate pressures are selected according to species, thickness, density, characteristics, and the like.

The characteristics of the wood, for example, a kind of wood which is not easy to impregnate, can be pressurized up to 25 kgf / ㎠, but there may be external damage of the wood depending on flame retardancy, semi-fireproofing, waterproofing and water repellency.

The flame retardant waterproofing liquid of the present invention has a small viscosity and surface tension, and permeability is three times or more of that of conventional medicines. Accordingly, not only is it possible to reduce the pressing pressure, but also the pressing time is shortened and productivity is improved. On the other hand, in the case of conventional flame retardant liquid, the surface tends to be foamed due to the surface tension, and the permeability greatly deteriorates.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a drying comparison. The left side of the photograph is treated with a flame retardant of the present invention and then dried for 2 hours, while the surface is almost dried. On the right side of the photograph, a conventional flame retardant such as an organic binder is used and the viscosity is 3,000 to 8,000 After drying for 2 hours and drying for 2 hours, it is found that drying is significantly reduced by the surface tension even after drying.

In the present invention, when 2 to 5% by weight of ethyl or ethylene is mixed in the flame retardant waterproofing solution, drying time of the wood is further shortened by evaporation action by ethyl.

6. Wood Vacuum exhaust  And dehydration

The flame retardant waterproofing solution used for impregnation is recovered so as to be reused, and then the inside of the vacuum chamber is evacuated by using a vacuum system, so that the flame retardant waterproofing solution which remains excessively on the surface of the wood and in the cellulose is maintained at a certain ratio, for example, 8 to 15% By dewatering, it is possible to induce quick drying while maintaining flame retardancy, waterproofness and / or waterproofness.

The reason why the pressurization-exhaustion is repeated in the present invention is to increase permeability of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid, and dehydration by the vacuum exhausting method is to dehydrate evenly more easily.

7. Wood natural drying

Allow to dry naturally for several hours in a well-ventilated shade to remove flame retardant waterproofing material on the wood surface. The wood can be further reduced in drying time by tilting the flame retardant liquid so that it falls or falls well.

8. Heating and drying of wood

The flame-retardant water-retaining solution remaining in the wood solidifies to the surface of the cellulose of the wood by solidifying the wood by putting it in a dryer and heating it at a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C for 2 to 4 days to complete the flame-retarding and water- The coating film is not formed and the inherent characteristics of the natural wood are maintained.

8. Wood processing

Finished wood is processed by flame retardant waterproofing process such as louver making to be used as a product.

9. Packing and Delivery

The flame-retarded waterproofed wood is packed, stored, and / or shipped in predetermined units.

In the present invention, when the flame retardant waterproofing liquid is impregnated, the impregnation efficiency can be further improved by providing an ultrasonic vibrator inside the vacuum chamber and vibrating the pressurized and impregnated flame retardant waterproof material and the wood by ultrasonic waves.

Ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrator refer to vibrations of 20,000 Hz or more out of the actual audible frequency in the range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. When ultrasonic waves are irradiated in water, a phenomenon that minute vibrations that can not be counted occur and disappear When the resonance occurs repeatedly, the vibration of the bubbles generates a micro-current, and the material agitating action occurs. When the resonance disappears, the energy is expanded to several hundred thousand to several million times, and the pressure and temperature of the bubbles rise Micro-thermal and dispersive actions promote physical / chemical reactions in the medium.

In the present invention, this phenomenon repeats 20,000 ~ 2,000,000 (20 kHz ~ 2 MHz) revolutions per second, so that the flame retardant water-repellent solution resonates and the surface tension is further lowered, and further penetrates into the pores between the wood cells. And further improved.

The flame retardant waterproofing liquid of the present invention is environmentally friendly because it is an inorganic flame retardant solution which is harmless to the human body and indoor air pollution is prevented.

The water-soluble flame retardant water-proofing liquid of the present invention is capable of maintaining a natural temperature and humidity control function, which is a characteristic inherent to wood, and is waterproof and water repellent, free of whitening phenomenon and yellowing phenomenon, It has moldy, anti-freezing function.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, It is self-evident to those of ordinary skill.

Claims (1)

A step of injecting a flame retardant waterproofing liquid into the vacuum chamber and then pressurizing the flame retardant waterproofing liquid at a pressure of 8 to 25 kgf / A step of dewatering the flame retardant waterproofing liquid by evacuating the wood impregnated with the flame retardant waterproofing liquid; a step of naturally drying the dehydrated wood of the flame retardant waterproofing liquid for a predetermined period of time in a sound environment; To 80 < [deg.] ≫ C for 2 to 4 days, the method comprising:
Further comprising the step of improving the impregnation efficiency while ultrasonic vibration is applied to the flame retardant waterproofing liquid and the wood by the ultrasonic vibrator provided in the vacuum chamber,
The flame retardant waterproofing liquid is prepared by mixing an inorganic phosphorus flame retardant having a viscosity of 0 to 5 and a waterproofing liquid at a weight ratio of 5 to 15: 1, further mixing any one of ethyl or ethylene at a weight ratio of 2 to 5%
Wherein the inorganic phosphorus flame retardant is any one selected from the group consisting of triethylphosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium polyphosphate,
Wherein the waterproofing liquid is any one of a sheathed-type silicone sealant and a moisture-curable silicone adhesive, and the flame-retardant and waterproofing are simultaneously treated.

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