KR20150143392A - Fire retardant and preservative treatment method of wood - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for flame-retardant and antiseptic treatments of timber, capable of achieving excellent workability and high efficiency in flame retardance and rotproof, by permeating mixed liquid of flame-retardant antiseptic agents, containing both antiseptic chemicals and a phosphorous flame-retardant liquid, into timber at high pressure. The method for treating the timber with the flame-retardant antiseptics includes: a step for conducting a vacuum exhaustion of timber, wherein the timber is inserted into a vacuum chamber in order to eliminate moisture and debris; a step for fully charging the flame-retardant antiseptic liquid to the vacuum chamber and pressurizing the flame-retardant antiseptic liquid at pressures of 8-25 kgf/cm^2 for predetermined time, thereby immersing flame-retardant antiseptic liquid; a step for dehydrating the flame-retardant antiseptic liquid, by exhausting and vacuuming the timber immersed with the flame-retardant antiseptic liquid; a step for naturally drying the timber wherein the flame-retardant antiseptic liquid is dehydrated, for predetermined time in shade; and a step for drying the naturally dried timber at temperatures of 50-80°C for 2-4 days after being inserted to a drying machine. The flame-retardant antiseptic liquid includes an inorganic phosphorous flame retardant liquid having 0-5 of viscosity and an antiseptic liquid, combined at ratios of 50-130:1 by weight, and any one from 2-5% by weight of ethyl- or ethylene. The inorganic phosphorous flame retardant liquid can be any one or more among triethyl phosphate, ammonium phosphate, and ammonium polyphosphate, while the antiseptic liquid can be any one or more among 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DAC), didecyldimethylammonium adipate (DDAA), and paraben.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to wood flame retardant and preservative treatment method,

More particularly, the present invention relates to a flame retardant preservative treatment method for wood, and more particularly, to a flame retardant preservative comprising a phosphorus-based flame retardant solution and a preservative agent, impregnating (penetrating) , And high-efficiency flame retarding and preservation is achieved by vacuum exhaust and high-pressure penetration.

In general, wood, plywood, medium-density fiberboard, and paper are widely used as furniture and building interior materials. Wood is decomposed into wood or wood gas by heating, and inflammable wood gas is oxidized, burning the building in an instant, causing damage to property and human life. Therefore, effective flame retarding and flame retarding treatment are required.

BACKGROUND ART [0002] Wood-related flame retardant compositions consist of a halogen-based flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a mixture of an inorganic flame retardant and a polymer, and are coated on the surface of the donor body.

The conventional flame retardant or flameproofing composition imparts flame retardancy by forming a flame retardant coating on the surface of the wood. In the formation of the flame retardant coating film, the absorption of the flame retardant composition is extremely small in the coated body and the drying speed of the coating film is very slow, There is a problem that the coating film is cracked when left for a long time. In order to solve such a problem, a two-pack type paint having a high curing speed is used and a volatile substance such as a thinner is used as a diluent, thereby causing indoor air pollution and the like.

In addition, the conventional flame retardant or flame retardant agent is a type of paint which relatively thick film is formed to delay the spread of flames during a fire, and when a certain flame retardant is applied to the surface of wood, after a predetermined period of time, There is a problem that condensation occurs, and condensation is hardened to cause whitening.

Korean Patent No. 10-644770 discloses a transparent flame retardant coating composition having improved flame retardancy, and a chlorine rubber resin, a phenolic resin, a polyester resin, chlorinated paraffin, and an organic solvent are used. The resin has a problem in that it contains a large amount of toxic compounds such as wastewater and paraffin harmful to the human body in the organic solvent.

Examples of the method for imparting flame retardancy to a combustible material include a method of adding a flame retardant additive in a material production process such as a fiber spinning process or a panel or sheet extrusion process, a method of attaching a flame retardant sheet to the surface of wood, However, in the case of the flame-retardant sheet, the flame-retardant sheet is deteriorated when it is exposed to a certain temperature over a certain period of time, resulting in a failure to exhibit flame retardancy. In addition, There is a problem that flame retardancy is lost in the early stage of fire because the flame retardant material is applied only about 1 to 3 mm from the surface or the surface of the wood.

In addition, since the wood preservative treatment and the flame retardant treatment are separately performed, the workability is deteriorated, and it takes a lot of time, and the cost is increased.

Korean Registered Patent No. 10-1230386 (entitled " Dimensional stability of wood and method for improving flame retardancy, 2013 02. 06. Patent disclosure) Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 10-2011-0094006 (entitled "Phosphorus Flame Retardant and Application Field Therefor," published on Aug. 19, 2011) Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1092621 (Title: Wood preservative composition, December 13, 2011)

An object of the present invention is to provide a flame retardant preservative treatment method for wood which is excellent in workability by simultaneously impregnating and impregnating wood with a flame retardant liquid containing a preservative agent and a phosphorus flame retardant solution at high pressure.

A method of treating a flame retardant wood according to the present invention comprises the steps of injecting a vacuum chamber so as to remove air, moisture and foreign substances in wood, and evacuating the flame-retardant preservative liquid; the method comprising the steps of: impregnating the flame retardant liquid with a pressure of f / cm < 2 > for a predetermined period of time; dewatering the flame retardant liquid by evacuating the wood impregnated with the flame retardant liquid; And drying the dried naturally dried wood at a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C. for 2 to 4 days by adding the naturally dried wood to a dryer, the method comprising the steps of: Further comprising the step of improving impregnation efficiency while ultrasonic vibration is applied to the flame-retardant preservative liquid and the wood by the ultrasonic vibrator, wherein the flame-retardant preservative liquid comprises an inorganic phosphorus-based flame retardant having a viscosity of 0 to 5 And the mixture is mixed at a weight ratio of 50 to 130: 1, and any one of ethyl or ethylene at a weight ratio of 2 to 5% is further mixed. The inorganic phosphorus flame retardant solution is selected from the group consisting of triethyl phosphate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate And the preservative solution is at least one selected from the group consisting of 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DAC), didecyldimethylammonium adipate (DDAA) .

Since the surface tension of the flame retardant preservative is further reduced by ethyl or ethylene, the penetration power (impregnation force) of the flame retardant preservative is further improved and the timber drying time can be further reduced.

The present invention relates to a flame retardant and a flame retardant which are obtained by impregnating and impregnating a flame retardant liquid with a preservative agent and a phosphorus-based flame retardant solution into a wood at a high pressure, Flame retarding and preservation are achieved.

The present invention relates to a flame retardant treatment agent which is excellent in flame retardancy effect of wood by the flame retardant treatment with a phosphorus flame retardant solution and is free from the release of formaldehyde due to the broad sterilizing ability of the preservative agent and has excellent biodegradability, There is little effect.

The present invention prevents the infestation and parasitic propagation of fungi, termites, and moths by preservative (preservative), effectively sterilizes and controls various fungal fungi including surface contaminants generated from wood, Thereby preventing the deterioration of the merchandise value caused by the above.

The flame retardant preservative according to the present invention is an inorganic phosphorus flame retardant which is excellent in thermal stability and is formed of an inorganic material that does not cause environmental problems, and is environmentally friendly and has an effect of maintaining the inherent characteristics of wood.

In the present invention, the flame retardant preservative solution is an inorganic flame retardant agent in which an organic binder is not used and has a viscosity of about 0 to 5, so that the surface tension is very low as compared with a conventional flame retardant agent (organic binder) whose viscosity is maintained at 3,000 to 8,000, And when the flame retardant preservative liquid and / or wood is vibrated by an ultrasonic wave or an ultrasonic vibrator to be described later, the permeability of the flame retardant preservative liquid is more excellent.

The present invention has the effect of maintaining the flame retardancy even if it is exposed to a certain temperature over a certain temperature since the surface of the wood as well as the inner cellulose is evenly impregnated.

Since the flame retardant and the preservative remain in the interior of the wood, the flame retardant and the preservative are not coated on the surface of the wood. Therefore, It is a very useful invention that has the effect of controlling the temperature and humidity through the cellulosic, and can take advantage of the characteristics including the natural aroma of the wood.

1 is a process diagram showing an example of the present invention.
2: Comparative photograph of the drying state shown as an example of the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, the same components as in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals as possible, and detailed descriptions of known configurations and functions are omitted so as not to obscure the gist of the present invention. May be different from what is actually implemented with the schematized drawings in order to easily describe the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a process drawing showing an example of the present invention. The prepared wood is put into a vacuum chamber equipped with a vacuum facility, and then evacuated for a predetermined time to discharge moisture, air, impurities, etc. contained in the wood surface and inside the wood (Step S1). The inorganic phosphorus flame retardant, the preservative solution, or the inorganic phosphorus flame retardant, the preservative solution and the ethyl are mixed at a predetermined ratio to produce a flame retardant preservative liquid having a flame retardant and antiseptic function in the vacuum chamber (Step S2). When the flame-retardant preservative liquid is evenly penetrated or impregnated into the surface of the wood and the cellulose in the interior thereof (step S3), a part of the flame-retardant preservative impregnated in the wood is dehydrated ), The dehydrated wood is taken out of the vacuum chamber and naturally dried in a shade (S5), and then heated and dried at a predetermined temperature in a drying chamber for a predetermined time (S6 ), The flame-retardant liquid impregnated into the wood preservative to the high-pressure, dehydrated, dried at the same time the flame-retardant and anti-corrosion treatment is attained and workability is excellent, it achieved a high efficiency of the flame retardant and anti-corrosion by the high-pressure infiltration.

In the present invention, a manufacturing process of a wood having a flame retardant and a preservative function will be exemplified as follows.

Example

1. Wood preparation

The wood is restrained to a predetermined size, and then the surface is processed so as to maintain the characteristics of the wood such as the ring, the knot, and the wood result. The water content of the wood is preferably about 19% or less, for example, 10 to 19%. If it is lower than the above range, the impregnation amount of the flame retardant preservative is insufficient to deteriorate the flame retardant preservative function. Waste is produced and the impregnation time and drying time are delayed.

2. Flame retardant Preservative  Ready

A flame retardant preservative is prepared by mixing phosphorus flame retardant and preservative in a weight ratio of 50 to 130: 1. The flame-retardant antiseptic liquid of the present invention has a small surface tension and permeability of several times or more (for example, three times or more) than conventional medicinal materials, thereby reducing the pressing pressure and shortening the pressing time. The surface tension causes the surface to bubble and the permeability is greatly reduced.)

In the present invention, ethyl or ethylene may be further included. That is, the surface tension of the flame retardant preservative solution is further reduced by mixing ethyl or ethylene at a weight ratio of 2 to 5% to the flame retardant preservative solution to further improve the penetration power (impregnation power) of the flame retardant preservative solution, .

On the other hand, conventional flame retardants using organic binders such as acrylic binders are maintained at a viscosity of 3,000 to 8,000 and have a large surface tension. However, the flame retardant preservative of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant, 5, the surface tension is significantly lower than that of the conventional flame retardant, so that the permeability of the flame retardant preservative is excellent and the permeability of the flame retardant preservative is further improved by vibrating the flame retardant preservative and / or wood with an ultrasonic wave or an ultrasonic vibrator described later.

The phosphorus flame retardant may be divided into an inorganic and an organic type. In the present invention, at least one or more of inorganic phosphorus flame retardants such as triethyl phosphate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate which are environmentally friendly and capable of maintaining the characteristics of wood Or a mixture thereof.

The ammonium phosphate, ammonium polyphosphate and the like are particulate, and triethyl phosphate is a liquid phase. Of course, when the particulate inorganic phosphorus flame retardant is mixed with water and stirred appropriately, it becomes liquid or water-soluble.

The preservative (or preservative) to be mixed with the phosphorus flame retardant of the present invention can be exemplified by KEIPANG KF-110E (trade name) manufactured by Kagoshin Industries Co., Ltd. The pH stability is 4 to 10 and the thermal stability is 70 ° C , Has a wide range of fungicidal properties, has no formaldehyde emission, is excellent in biodegradability, and has little environmental impact.

The preservative (preservative) prevents fungus, termites, moths from infestation and parasitic propagation of wood, is also used as cutting oil / paint / adhesive, and other various aqueous solution products.

It is also effective for various mold fungi including surface contaminants generated from wood. It is a very effective medicine for building materials, especially for landscaping, furniture, interior decoration, etc. Decreasing the value of the product due to discoloration caused by microorganisms in wood products, It is also a medicine to prevent mold.

The preservative solution prevents surface contaminants of wood and lumber, prevention of wood-borne fungus, blue-tinting bacteria that occur during the rainy season, and black mold bacteria, and 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (At least one of IPBC, KEIPANG KF-110E), didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC, KCI, DDAC 75KC), didecyldimethylammonium adipate (DDAA) One or more substances (active active ingredient), or mixtures thereof.

The preservative solution is completely dissolved in water and diluted by dipping or spraying.

3. Vacuum chamber  input

A plurality of surface-processed woods are put into a vacuum chamber equipped with a vacuum system, and the wood is stacked and received so that the woods do not come into contact with each other by using spacing means such as a mountain stand to efficiently impregnate Prepare.

4. Wood vacuum exhaust

When the wood is put into the vacuum chamber, the inside of the vacuum chamber is evacuated for a predetermined time by using a vacuum system to evacuate and remove moisture, air and impurities contained in the wood surface and inside the wood (cellulose) So that the preservative liquid can effectively penetrate into the interior of the wood or the cellulose of the wood.

That is, if moisture, air, impurities, or the like remain in the wood, penetration of the flame retardant preservation liquid is difficult, but the injection or penetration of a sufficient amount of the flame retardant preservative into the wood is excellent by the vacuum exhaust, and uniform penetration is achieved .

5. Flame Retardant Antiseptic  High pressure injection and Impregnation

Using a high-pressure impregnator, the vacuum-exhausted wood is impregnated with a flame retardant liquid at a pressure of 8 to 25 kgf / cm 2 for a predetermined time to uniformly penetrate the interior of the wood. Appropriate pressures are selected according to species, thickness, density, characteristics, and the like.

The characteristics of the wood, for example, can be increased up to 25 kgf / cm 2 for some species which are not easy to impregnate, but there may be external damage to the wood due to flame retardancy, semi-fireproofing,

The flame retardant preservative according to the present invention has a small viscosity and surface tension, and permeability is several times higher than that of conventional medicinal materials, thereby reducing the pressing pressure and shortening the pressing time and improving the productivity. On the other hand, in the case of conventional flame retardant liquid, the surface tends to be foamed due to the surface tension, and the permeability greatly deteriorates.

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a drying comparison. The left side of the photograph is treated with the flame retardant of the present invention, and the surface thereof is almost dried in a state of being dried for 2 hours. On the right side of the photograph, a conventional flame retardant such as an organic binder is used. And then dried for 2 hours, and even after drying for 2 hours, it is found that the drying is significantly reduced by the surface tension.

In the present invention, when 2 to 5% by weight of ethyl or ethylene is mixed in the flame-retardant preservative solution, drying time of the wood is further shortened by evaporation action by ethyl.

6. Wood Vacuum exhaust  And dehydration

The flame retardant preservative used for impregnation is recovered so as to be reused, and then the inside of the vacuum chamber is evacuated by using a vacuum facility, so that the flame retardant preservative that remains excessively on the surface of the wood and in the cellulose is mixed with a certain ratio, %, It is possible to induce quick drying while maintaining the flame retardancy, the anticorrosiveness and / or the anticorrosiveness.

The reason why the pressurization-exhaustion is repeated in the present invention is to increase the permeability of the flame-retardant preservative solution, and the dehydration by the vacuum exhaust method is dehydrated even more easily.

7. Wood natural drying

Allow to dry naturally for several hours in a well-ventilated shade to remove flame retardant preservatives from the wood surface. The timber can be further reduced in drying time by tilting the flame retardant liquid so that it falls well or falls down.

8. Heating and drying of wood

And then dried in a dryer at a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C for 2 to 4 days to be completely dried to solidify the flame retardant liquid remaining inside the wood in a state of sticking to the cellulose surface of the wood so that the wood is flame- Because it is inorganic, no natural coating is formed and the natural characteristics of natural wood are maintained.

8. Wood processing

The finished wood is subjected to flame-retardant treatment through louver processing and so on so that it can be used as a product.

9. Packing and Delivery

The flame-retardant treated wood is packed, stored, and / or shipped in predetermined units.

In the present invention, when impregnating the flame retardant preservative solution, the impregnation efficiency of the flame retardant preservative solution can be further improved by providing an ultrasonic vibrator inside the vacuum chamber and vibrating the pressurized and impregnated flame retardant liquid and wood by ultrasonic waves.

Ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic vibrator refer to vibrations of 20,000 Hz or more out of the actual audible frequency in the range of 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz. When ultrasonic waves are irradiated in water, a phenomenon that minute vibrations that can not be counted occur and disappear When the resonance occurs repeatedly, the vibration of the bubbles generates a micro-current, and the material agitating action occurs. When the resonance disappears, the energy is expanded to several hundred thousand to several million times, and the pressure and temperature of the bubbles rise Micro-thermal and dispersive actions promote physical / chemical reactions in the medium.

In the present invention, this phenomenon is repeated 20,000 ~ 2,000,000 (20kHz ~ 2MHz) revolutions per second, so that the flame retardant preservative solution resonates and the surface tension is further lowered, and further penetrates into the pores between the wood cells, Is further improved.

The ultrasonic vibrator may be installed inside the vacuum chamber so that the flame retardant preservative liquid and / or wood may be vibrated, and the preservative liquid and / or wood are mainly vibrated by using the buffering means.

Since the flame retardant preservative of the present invention is an inorganic flame retardant solution which is harmless to the human body, it is eco-friendly that pollution of indoor air is prevented, and prevention of infestation and parasitic propagation of mold, termite and moth is prevented and various fungi Fungi are also effectively sterilized and controlled, and degradation of the product value due to discoloration caused by microorganisms is prevented.

The water-soluble flame-retardant preservative of the present invention has a high water absorption rate and is formed finely so that it can maintain the temperature and humidity control function inherent in wood and maintain natural wood aroma, and is free from whitening and yellowing, It has anti-freezing function.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example only and is not to be taken by way of limitation, It is self-evident to those of ordinary skill.

Claims (1)

A step of filling the vacuum chamber with a flame-retardant preservative liquid, and then applying pressure to the vacuum chamber at a pressure of 8 to 25 kgf / cm < 2 > for a predetermined period of time, A step of dewatering the flame retardant preservative liquid by evacuating the wood impregnated with the flame retardant preservative liquid; naturally drying the dehydrated wood of the flame retardant preservative liquid for a predetermined period of time on a sound paper; Drying the mixture at a temperature of 50 to 80 ° C. for 2 to 4 days, the method comprising the steps of:
Further comprising the step of improving the impregnation efficiency while ultrasonic vibration is applied to the flame retardant preservative liquid and the wood by the ultrasonic vibrator installed in the vacuum chamber,
The flame retardant preservative solution is prepared by mixing an inorganic phosphorus flame retardant having a viscosity of 0 to 5 and a preservative solution at a weight ratio of 50 to 130: 1, further mixing any one of ethyl or ethylene at a weight ratio of 2 to 5%
Wherein the inorganic phosphorus flame retardant is at least one of triethyl phosphate, ammonium phosphate and ammonium polyphosphate,
Wherein the preservative is at least one of 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), didecyldimethylammonium chloride (DAC), didecyldimethylammonium adipate (DDAA) Of flame retardant.

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