KR20150137673A - Expansion Method of Tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

An expansion method of a tunnel according to the present invention is an expansion method of a tunnel to form an expanded tunnel by expanding the section of an existing tunnel, comprising the steps of: conducting preliminary reinforcement using a mobile support frame (MSF) having a plate, which can move forward and backward in an excavating direction and is integrally assembled; removing the lining of the excavation surface of the existing tunnel, provided by the preliminary reinforcement, and excavating the excavation surface; moving the MSF forward if the excavation is started, and conducting the excavation again; and forming the expanded tunnel by repeating the forward movement of the MSF and excavation.

Description

Expansion Method of Tunnel

The present invention relates to a tunnel extension construction method for expanding the width or height of existing tunnels when a tunnel is formed on the soil foundation.

In the tunnel, which is one of the underground structures, the necessity of the use due to the population growth and the increase of the population density and the urban aesthetic and space utilization is increasing. At present, there are problems such as deterioration of the community and deterioration of facilities.

As another urban underground structure, the electric power area is also required to have a larger space in the electric power area for the introduction of electric power and insulation installation for the insulation and cooling system to increase the amount of electric power, .

In order to cope with the high temperature generated by the installation of the high voltage cable, the demand of the cooling facility is required and the fire extinguishing facility is also needed for the purpose of disaster prevention. Since the size of existing electric power facilities can not accommodate these facilities, it is necessary to secure space.

In order to solve the problems and meet the requirements of the underground structures such as the tunnels and electric power tunnels, it is necessary to install new underground structures or to widen existing underground structures.

However, installing new tunnels will result in land acquisition, paper purchase costs, new construction of connections and destruction of the underground environment.

The widening of underground structures can save the period of securing alternative sites by reusing existing sites and solve the problem of purchase cost when buying paper. In addition, it can prevent the socioeconomic loss caused by the suspension of the use of the urban infrastructure during the construction because the existing facilities can be continuously used in the widening construction as well as the useful utilization of the existing resources.

However, the widening of underground structures in Korea has no construction examples and the technology for construction is insufficient.

In addition, the widening of the domestic area is lacking in diversity and technical power of the data, and it is necessary to develop appropriate technology for the domestic ground.

When the enlargement of the section is carried out for the aging of the underground structure, the fall of the underground structure and the enlargement of the facility, the method of removing the underground structure from the upper surface and installing the facility, and the non - have.

In the case of the construction method, it is possible to make construction on some sections of the urban area because it is a method that affects the ground facilities such as congestion on the ground road. On the contrary, the non-construction method is performed all underground.

Therefore, when expanding underground structures in downtown areas where electric power facilities, public and subway facilities are concentrated, it is necessary to apply construction methods appropriate to the characteristics of urban areas.

Although pre-reinforcement and support techniques have been developed during the construction of general tunnels, there is a lack of technology and data compared to future technology demands in the construction of underground structures. The construction of the wideness should be approached with different technology from the new tunnel in the pre-reinforcement and the ground support construction due to the narrow working space due to the maintenance of the retained water inside the existing tunnel and the operation of the tunnel during construction.

Tunnel pre-reinforcement method is a technique related to tunnel widening using pre-reinforced structures and structures for widening of underground structures such as power tunnel and tunnel. In tunnel pre-reinforcement method, a tunnel-forming structure is installed in the excavation part to prevent collapse during excavation when constructing road tunnel. Pipe Roof Method, Messer Shield Method, Fore Poling Method and so on are available as existing methods for excavation after installation of such structures. The pipe loop method is a method of forming a loop by pushing a steel pipe by the end reinforcement method before excavation to prevent subsidence and collapse of the ground due to excavation. The Method Shield method is suitable for the construction of electric power areas and communal areas in the city area and the subway railway boxes. A steel girder is formed on the section of the excavation, and a message plate is arranged on the upper and side surfaces of the steel girder. The forepilling method, which is also referred to as forfilling, is applied to reinforcement applications suitable for low-toe-height low-pitched shafts. It is a method to form a loop by inserting a steel pipe horizontally or drilling 10 ~ 20 상 upstream of a tunnel before excavation. Among these existing methods, grouting uses hardening of the excavated part due to inflow of grouting solution into the ground, which makes it difficult to construct and causes problems of soil contamination and cutting soil treatment.

Accordingly, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of reinforcing a tunnel surrounding reinforced concrete ground by inserting a tunnel reinforced steel plate in a widening construction through pre-reinforcement using a structure for reinforcement of a tunnel and excavating the excavated surface formed of a steel plate, And a method of extending the tunnel.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel extension construction method for extending a cross section of an existing tunnel to form an extended tunnel, the tunnel extension construction method comprising a movable type support The method of claim 1, further comprising: pre-reinforcing the tunnel using a mobile support frame (MSF); performing excavation on the excavated surface of the existing tunnel after pre-reinforcement; Advancing the support frame (MSF) and performing the excavation again, and repeating advancing and excavating the movable support frame (MSF) to form the extended tunnel.

Wherein performing the re-excavation comprises:

The step of advancing the movable support frame (MSF), the step of installing a strong beam at a place left after the movable support frame is advanced, and the step of forming a toothed wall between the strong beam and the strong beam.

In addition, the movable support frame (MSF) has a plate attached to the outer wall,

Wherein the plate is coupled to a plate latch in a groove formed in the plate,

The plate latch may include a pannel type or an arch type.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the pre-reinforcement method using a mobile support frame (MSF) can be used to construct underground structures such as a power tunnel or a cofferdam tunnel in a shallow layer, It is possible to prevent accidents such as heavy ground collapse and co-occurrence, thereby preventing ground settlement.

It is possible to merge and apply other support methods for stabilizing the ground in tunnel construction. This parallel process has the advantage that the ground reinforcement effect can be increased even if the ground is very unstable.

In addition, independent excavation surfaces are formed according to the movement of the movable support frame (MSF) and the pressing of the plate. In this case, as the concrete that is not hardened during grouting is introduced into the excavation surface by its own weight It is also possible to prevent an accident that the excavation surface is hardened and difficult to excavate.

As described above, when the construction according to the embodiment of the present invention is repeated, the risk of accident is reduced due to the simplicity of the process by repeatedly pushing and pushing the plate, moving the mobile support frame (MSF) , The technology is not complicated, the engineer can adapt quickly, and rapid construction is possible.

1 is a front perspective view of a tunnel to be widened according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a front view of a tunnel to be widened according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a perspective view showing an excavation procedure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an exemplary view illustrating the removal of a lining and the press-in of a plate in the vertical direction of the tunnel in order to secure a cross section of a widened cross section according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a view showing an example of a pre-reinforcement through a section securing direction plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary view showing a pre-reinforcement and a mobile support frame (MSF) installation by pressing a plate in the direction of a tunnel moving direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an exemplary view of pushing and pushing a mobile support frame (MSF) after excavation in FIG. 6; FIG.
8 is a view showing an integral assembly of a plate as a part of a Mobile Support Frame (MSF) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view showing an example of construction for advancing the excavation as repetition of pre-reinforcement according to the embodiment of the present invention and movement of a mobile support frame (MSF) after press-fitting and excavation of a plate for advancing after excavation.
FIG. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a tunnel expansion construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

Throughout the specification, when an element is referred to as "comprising ", it means that it can include other elements as well, without excluding other elements unless specifically stated otherwise.

Also, the terms of " part ", "... module" in the description mean units for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software.

Hereinafter, a tunnel expansion construction method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front perspective view of a tunnel to be widened according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of a tunnel to be widened according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a view illustrating the removal of the lining and the press-in of the plate in the direction perpendicular to the tunnel proceeding for ensuring the cross section of the widened cross section according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a cross- FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of pre-reinforcement through a securement direction plate and FIG. 6 is a view showing an example of a pre-reinforcement by pushing in a plate in the direction of the tunnel moving direction and a pre- FIG. 7 is an exemplary view illustrating a mobile support frame (MSF) propulsion and plate press-fitting after excavation in FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a mobile support frame according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fra FIG. 9 is a view showing an integral assembly of a plate as a part of the MSF, and FIG. 9 is a view showing a preforming process in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, Support Frame, MSF) as a repetition of movement of excavation forward.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the method of extending the tunnel is a method of extending the width or height of the existing tunnel when the tunnel is formed on the ground. In particular, the present invention relates to a structure for reinforcement of a tunnel, and a widening construction through excavation after pre-reinforcement using such a structure. That is, reinforcing the ground around the excavation by inserting the tunnel reinforcing steel plate, and excavating the excavation surface formed by the steel plate to extend the tunnel section.

The characteristics of underground structures can be applied to shallow tunnels at the top of the tunnel, or if the ground is weak and the asymmetry is not formed, and the technology for pre-reinforcement using structurally safe steel plates is used.

If the underground structures and internal facilities are maintained so that the existing underground structures can be continuously operated and used during the construction of the tunnel during the tunnel construction, and if the ground subsidence is expected to occur at the excavation site, Or when the paper is weak and the asymmetry is not formed. Under these conditions, a structurally safe steel plate can be installed to resist surface settlement during excavation, which will facilitate smooth tunnel construction.

Widening of the tunnel can be done by spreading the cross section of the existing tunnel in some direction. Among these, it is appropriate to perform pre-reinforcement and excavation in order to secure the bearing capacity without being limited to the specific widening construction method.

However, it is difficult to apply the existing tunnel reinforcement method due to the narrow work space. Therefore, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the mobile support frame , MSF). Pre-reinforcement of the tunnel is performed by press-fitting a plate on the movable support frame (MSF) for pre-reinforcement in the direction of the excavation surface of the movable support frame (MSF).

At the edge of the movable support frame (MSF), a plate capable of advancing and retracting in the pushing direction is integrally assembled. The plate is press-fitted in the pushing direction from the movable support frame MSF to form the pre-reinforcement. The length and indenting order of the steel plate can be applied to anticipate the excavation and the ground stability, and the standard can be presented for functional stability.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to construct the tunnel after the stabilization of the ground during the widening of the tunnel, and to perform the tunnel excavation even in the narrow working space where the conventional tunnel reinforcement method is difficult to apply.

1 and 2 show a common tunnel 10 among general underground structures.

Particularly, FIG. 2 shows a section of the tunnel tunnel 10 in FIG. 1 as a box-like structure. In the embodiment of the present invention, the tunnel tunnel 10 is subject to widening.

When an existing underground structure is expanded, problems such as disintegration during the excavation of the ground to be enlarged and collapse during the operation of the facility cause settlement of the ground surface. In urban areas, roads or buildings are located on the upper surface of underground structures such as electric power gates and communal areas, so the settlement must be considered as essential in construction. In the embodiment of the present invention, preliminary reinforcement is performed as a ground stabilization operation for this purpose. The MSF 30 is preliminarily reinforced to extend the tunnel 10 and the plate 20 assembled in the movable support frame MSF 30 is press- do. Here, the movable support frame (MSF) 30 is assembled in the existing tunnel.

Referring to Fig. 3, the securing of the widened section and the order of the excavation progression direction are shown. In order to secure the widening section of the tunnel 10 in the direction of advance (②), it is excavated in the direction perpendicular to the direction of advance (①) to secure the widened section, and then to advance the direction (②).

Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a construction example in which pre-reinforcement is performed to secure a widened section from the existing tunnel 10. A portion of the lining at the position where the plate 20 is to be press-fitted is partially removed, and then the plate 20 is press-fitted. The press-fitted plate 20 reinforces the upper surface of the excavation surface to enable excavation. Thus, the lining is removed and excavation proceeds.

5 and 6 illustrate a direction and an embodiment in which the plate 20 is press-fitted in the movable support frame (MSF) 30 installed in the existing tunnel 11 for pre-reinforcement.

Referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, after the widened section is formed as the section of the tunnel 10, the section is pushed in the direction of travel of the tunnel. Tunnel direction excavation is a method similar to tunnel excavation in the vertical direction, in which a plate 20 assembled in a movable support frame (MSF) 30 is press-fitted in the traveling direction of the tunnel 10, Excavate the surface. Then, the cross section of the existing tunnel 11 is expanded to form the extended tunnel 13.

As a condition that the ground can be stabilized, the press-in procedure of the plate 20 is determined and press-fitted. In the initial indentation, the movable support frame (MSF) 30 itself can be used as a reaction wall.

Referring to FIG. 7, preliminary reinforcement and excavation through a plate 20 and advancement of a movable support frame (MSF) 30 are repeated to construct a tunnel. When the vertical tunnel excavation for forming the wider section is completed, a strong beam (or lattice support) 40 is installed to stabilize the excavated surface. Thus, it is possible to prevent collapse of the gravel after moving the movable support frame (MSF) 30. A soil wall (50) is formed of various materials such as wood between the steel girder (40) and the steel girder (40) to prevent the ingress of the soil into the tunnel.

The size of the movable support frame (MSF) 30 described above is set so as to be assembled in the existing tunnel 11. The movable support frame (MSF) 30 is constructed so as to withstand the loads of the ground surface of the upper surface layer and other loads (such as vehicle loads on the road) with structural and material rigidity.

The plate latch 21 shown in FIG. 8A is assembled to the plate 20 shown in FIG. 8B and is mounted on the outer wall of the movable support frame MSF 30 Respectively.

At this time, the assembled plate (20) moves only before and after the direction of the press-in blade, and movement is restrained in the other direction such as left and right. The laterally assembled plates 20 are independently movable.

Referring to FIG. 8 (b), the plate 20 has an inner wall surface along the wide surface thereof. The inner surface of the inner wall surface of the plate 20 has an indentation There is a groove. The plate latch 21 shown in FIG. 8A has a core that can be inserted into the groove of the plate 20, and a plate (not shown) 20 and a plate latch 21 are combined. Then, as shown in Fig. 8 (d), pivoting is performed in the direction of the arrow.

At this time, an outer wall of the movable support frame (MSF) 30 to which the plate 20 and the plate latch 21 are to be assembled is fixed to the upper surface of the movable support frame MSF 30 It can be anywhere.

In addition, the plate latch 21 can be of an arch type as shown in FIG. 8 (e) in addition to a pannel type.

In particular, the movable support frame (MSF) 30 may be a rail, a wheel, a chain type, or the like for mobility.

Plate (20) In case of ground that is difficult to reinforce the ground by indentation, it is excavated after stabilizing the surface of the surface such as chemical liquid injection to prevent subsidence of the surface layer due to the ingress of the soil.

A device having a large force such as a hydraulic pressure is used to press the plate 20. In this case, a size suitable for a narrow work space generated by existing tunnels is appropriate.

9 (a), the movable support frame MSF 30 is advanced as shown in FIG. 9 (b), and then the movable support frame MSF 30 is advanced as shown in FIG. 9 (c) As shown in Fig.

When the plate 20 is press-fitted, the movable support frame (MSF) 30 can be moved in the excavation direction by using the plate 20 as a fixed position. do. As the movable support frame (MSF) 30 advances, the plate 20 and the movable support frame (MSF) 30 become the same as the initial shape before the press fitting. This allows you to repeat the above steps.

A series of processes of the tunnel expansion construction method according to the embodiment of the present invention are shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 10, the tunnel extension construction method includes a plate press-in process P1, an internal excavation and MSF forward process P3, a finishing process P5, and an enlarged underground structure operation S119. Lt; / RTI >

According to the plate press-in process P1, when the plate is press-fitted as a pre-reinforcement for excavation, the lining of the existing tunnel is partially removed (S101). When the concrete lining is removed at the position where the plate is to be pressed, the plate is pre-reinforced by pressing the plate (S103). Through the plate, it is possible to achieve both the upper and side portions for forming the surface to be excavated (S105) when the tunnel is advanced in the vertical direction for forming the wider section.

At this time, the press-in of the plate is a device having a large force such as a hydraulic machine, and any device capable of being press-fitted into the soil sand is possible. Plate blades have corners to reduce resistance when press-in.

According to the internal digging and moving support frame (MSF) advancement process (P3), if the reinforcement is performed after the lining and the rebar cutting, the lining of the excavation surface is removed and the excavation surface excavation is performed (S107). The depth of penetration is influenced by the pre-reinforcement depth. The excavation depth is appropriate for each type of ground excavated to such a depth that the ground does not flow out.

When the plate is pressed and the digging is continued for a predetermined depth or more, the plate is fixed at the position where the plate is inserted, and the plate latch and the movable supporting frame MSF are advanced (S109). At the same time as the forward movement, the movable support frame (MSF) moves and remains, thereby stabilizing the excavation surface through the steel girder (S111). That is, a gap between a steel girder and a steel girder can be formed by various materials such as wood (S111) to prevent the inflow of the soil into the tunnel.

When the movable support frame MSF advances, the plates and the plate latches are combined with each other before plate-pressing for pre-reinforcement, so that after the pre-reinforcement-excavation repetition construction step S113, It is possible.

The excavation proceeds through repetition of the above procedure. If the ground before excavation is very unstable, the ground stabilization can be carried out by an auxiliary method such as pre-reinforcement and chemical solution injection.

After the completion of the excavation or completion of the final excavation, the lining of the tunnel is formed through the reinforcement and concrete work from the excavation completion point (S115).

Removal of the sidewall lining of existing tunnels during excavation can be removed from the existing tunnels, from the widened tunnels, or from the direction of the excavation. During the excavation, removal of the existing tunnels does not cause structural deformation of existing tunnels. Can be installed.

If the size of the cross section of the tunnel is required to be larger than the size of the movable support frame (MSF), additional excavation is carried out at the lower part of the widened section to secure the required section size.

Existing tunnel facilities (power facilities in case of electric power facilities) can be operated / suspended during construction. In case of continuous operation, protective packaging and protector are installed to prevent damages and pollution caused by construction equipment or excavated soil.

The MSF can be of the Box type or the Arch type and the plate and the plate latch can be of the panel type (panel type) according to the movable type of supporting frame type (MSF type) type, and arch type.

As described above, when the tunnel width is reached, an internal facility is installed (S117) and an underground structure is operated (S119).

The embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only by the apparatus and method, but may be implemented through a program for realizing the function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, It belongs to the scope of right.

Claims (3)

A tunnel extension construction method for expanding a cross section of an existing tunnel to form an extended tunnel,
Reinforcing using a mobile support frame (MSF) in which a plate capable of advancing and retreating in a pushing direction is integrally assembled,
Removing the lining on the excavation surface of the existing tunnel secured through the pre-reinforcement, and then performing excavation surface excavation;
Advancing the mobile support frame (MSF) and performing excavation once the excavation proceeds, and
Repeating advancing and excavation of the movable support frame (MSF) to form the extended tunnel
The tunnel extension method comprising: The method according to claim 1,
Wherein performing the re-excavation comprises:
Advancing the movable support frame (MSF)
Installing a steel girder in a position where the movable support frame is moved forward, and
Forming a toothed wall between the strong beating beam and the strong beating beam
The tunnel extension method comprising: 3. The method of claim 2,
The movable support frame (MSF) has a plate attached to the outer wall,
Wherein the plate is coupled to a plate latch in a groove formed in the plate,
Wherein the plate latch includes a pannel type or an arch type.

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