KR20150124308A - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solar cell module. An example of the solar cell module of the present invention comprises: a front glass substrate; multiple solar cells disposed in the back of the front glass substrate; a back sheet disposed in back of the multiple solar cells. The back sheet comprises: an insulating bottom layer disposed closely to the back of the multiple solar cells; an insulating protection film disposed in back of the bottom layer by performing a moisture-proof function; a heat radiation sheet disposed between the bottom layer and the protection film. Furthermore, a first opening portion is formed in the heat radiation sheet and a second opening portion is formed to overlap the first opening portion in the bottom layer and the protection film, and the size of the first opening portion is larger than the size of the second opening portion.

Description

Solar cell module {SOLAR CELL MODULE}

The present invention relates to a solar cell module.

Recently, as energy resources such as oil and coal are expected to be depleted, interest in alternative energy to replace them is increasing, and solar cells that produce electric energy from solar energy are attracting attention.

Typical solar cells have a semiconductor portion that forms a p-n junction by different conductive types, such as p-type and n-type, and electrodes connected to semiconductor portions of different conductivity types, respectively.

When light enters the solar cell, electrons and holes are generated in the semiconductor, and the generated electrons and holes are moved toward the n-type semiconductor and the p-type semiconductor by the p-n junction, respectively. The transferred electrons and holes are collected by the different electrodes connected to the p-type semiconductor portion and the n-type semiconductor portion, respectively, and the electrodes are connected by a wire to obtain electric power.

These solar cells are made of solar cell modules in the form of panels connected in series or in parallel to obtain desired output.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module.

An example of a solar cell module according to the present invention includes a front glass substrate; A plurality of solar cells arranged on the rear surface of the front glass substrate; And a rear sheet disposed on a rear surface of the plurality of solar cells, wherein the rear sheet has an insulating base layer disposed closest to a rear surface of the plurality of solar cells; An insulating protective film disposed on a rear surface of the base layer and performing a moisture-proof function; And a heat radiation sheet disposed between the base layer and the protection film, wherein a first opening is formed in the heat radiation sheet, a second opening is formed in the base layer and the protection film at positions overlapping the first opening, and the size of the first opening is Is larger than the size of the second opening.

Here, the end of the heat-radiating sheet at the portion where the first opening is formed may be spaced inward by a predetermined distance from the end of the base layer or the protection film formed with the second opening.

Specifically, when the rear sheet is viewed in a plan view, the rim line of the first opening may be located outside the rim line of the second opening.

Further, it may further comprise a conductive ribbon drawn from the plurality of solar cells to the rear surface of the rear sheet through the first and second openings. The conductive ribbon may be spaced apart from the heat-radiating sheet.

For example, the distance from the conductive ribbons in the first and second openings to the heat-radiating sheet may be greater than the distance from the conductive ribbon located in the first and second openings to the base layer or the protective film.

In addition, the outer edge of the outer edge of the heat-radiating sheet may be spaced inward by a predetermined distance from the edge of the outer edge of the base layer or the protective layer.

Further, an insulating sealing part for preventing the inflow of moisture from the outside can be further formed outside the outer frame of the heat-radiating sheet.

Here, the insulating sealing portion may be further formed in the first opening through which the conductive ribbon passes.

Here, the heat-radiating sheet may include at least one of a metal material, graphite, graphene, or a metal alloy.

Also, the base layer may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a polymer series, and the protective film may include at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), fluorine-based resin, or silicone resin .

Further, the insulating sealing portion may include at least one of an insulating resin or polyisobutylene.

The solar cell module according to the present invention is configured such that the heat-radiating sheet provided on the rear sheet is not in contact with the ribbon of the solar cell module, thereby further improving the efficiency of the solar cell module or simplifying the manufacturing process.

1 is a view for explaining an example of a solar cell module according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module of FIG. 1. FIG.
Figs. 3A to 3C are views for explaining a first embodiment of the back sheet shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.
4A to 4C are views for explaining a second embodiment of the back sheet shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.
5 is a view for explaining a third embodiment of the rear sheet shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly illustrate the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by like reference characters throughout the specification.

In the drawings, the thickness is enlarged to clearly represent the layers and regions. When a layer, film, region, plate, or the like is referred to as being "on" another portion, it includes not only the case directly above another portion but also the case where there is another portion in between. Conversely, when a part is "directly over" another part, it means that there is no other part in the middle. Also, when a part is formed as "whole" on the other part, it means not only that it is formed on the entire surface (or the front surface) of the other part but also not on the edge part.

1 is a view for explaining an example of a solar cell module 100 according to the present invention.

1, a solar cell module 100 according to the present invention includes a plurality of solar cells 10, an interconnector 20 for electrically connecting a plurality of solar cells 10 to each other, A front transparent substrate 40 disposed on the sealing material 30a toward the light receiving surface of the solar cells 10, a sealing material 30 (EVA: Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) And a back sheet 50 disposed on the lower side of the sealing material 30b toward the opposite side of the light receiving surface.

The front transparent substrate 40 is made of tempered glass or the like having high transmittance and excellent breakage prevention function. At this time, the tempered glass may be a low iron tempered glass having a low iron content. The front transparent substrate 40 may be embossed to improve the light scattering effect.

The encapsulant 30 includes an upper encapsulant 30a and a lower encapsulant 30b and is disposed at the upper and lower portions of the solar cells 10, (10), filled in the space between the solar cells (10), and cured through heat treatment. Such an encapsulant 30 prevents corrosion due to moisture penetration and protects the solar cell 10 from impact. The encapsulant 30 may be made of a material such as ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA).

1, an upper encapsulant 30a is formed between the solar cells 10 and the upper encapsulant 30a. However, when a thin-film solar cell having a pin structure is used, the upper encapsulant 30a 30a may be omitted.

The plurality of solar cells 10 function to convert incident solar energy into electrical energy. Each of the plurality of solar cells 10 includes at least a first impurity, and the semiconductor substrate 10 such as a silicon wafer And an emitter section (not shown) including a second impurity for forming a pn junction with a semiconductor substrate (not shown).

Here, the first impurity of the semiconductor substrate may be a trivalent element such as boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In) or the like when the semiconductor substrate has a p-type conductivity type.

The second impurity of the emitter portion may be a pentavalent element such as phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) or the like when the emitter portion has an n-type conductivity type.

Conversely, when the semiconductor substrate is of the n-type conductivity type, the first impurity may be a pentavalent element such as phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), etc., and the emitter portion may have a p- , The second impurity in the emitter portion may be a trivalent element such as boron (B), gallium (Ga), indium (In) or the like.

As described above, the solar cell of the solar cell module 100 according to the present invention suffices to form a pn junction between the semiconductor substrate and the emitter section, and the emitter section may be disposed on the front surface or the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate, May be crystalline silicon or amorphous silicon.

In addition, a thin film solar cell having a p-i-n structure in which a p-type semiconductor layer, an i-type intrinsic semiconductor layer, and an n-type semiconductor layer are sequentially arranged can also be used. Such a solar cell is merely an example, and the light may be formed differently from the one shown in the drawing by including a solar cell that converts electricity into electricity.

The back sheet 50 protects the solar cells 10 from the external environment by preventing the penetration of moisture from the rear surface of the solar cells 10. Such a backsheet 50 may have a multi-layer structure such as a layer preventing moisture and oxygen penetration, a layer preventing chemical corrosion.

The interconnector 20 functions to electrically connect the solar cells 10 to each other, and is formed of an electrically conductive material.

Although not shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of solar cells connected in series by the interconnector 20 are disposed on the rear surface of the solar cell module 100, and a conductive ribbon (not shown) 60) (not shown).

The front transparent substrate 40, the sealing material 30, the plurality of solar cells, and the rear sheet 50 shown in FIG. 1 are formed by a single solar cell module 100 thermally bonded by a lamination process, .

2 is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module 100 of FIG.

The cross section of the solar cell module 100 thermocompressed by the lamination process may be as shown in FIG.

In this case, the interconnector 20 for connecting a plurality of solar cells in series is shown as being connected to the front and rear surfaces of the respective solar cells. Alternatively, in the case where the solar cell is a back-contact type solar cell, May be connected only to the rear surface of the solar cell.

2, the power generated by the plurality of solar cells in the solar cell module 100 thermocompressed by the lamination process is transmitted to the outside of the solar cell module 100 through the ribbon 60. [ . Here, the conductive ribbon 60 may be formed by coating a metal core such as copper or silver with a solder material such as tin (Sn).

At this time, a junction box (not shown) for collecting electric power of the solar cell module 100 can be disposed on the rear surface of the solar cell module 100, and the ribbon 60 is also placed in the PSB portion as shown in FIG. .

At this time, the ribbon 60 may pass through the rear sheet 50 and be connected to a junction box (not shown).

Here, the ribbon 60 may be formed with an insulating base layer 51, a protective film 55, and a heat-radiating sheet 53.

Here, the insulating base layer 51 may be placed most in contact with the rear surface of a plurality of solar cells. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, it may be located at the innermost side of the cross section of the back sheet 50.

The base layer 51 may be formed of an insulating material, for example, at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and a polymer series. The outer layer of the base layer 51 may have various functionalities Layers can be placed.

The protective film 55 is disposed on the rear surface of the base layer 51 and may be formed of an insulating material and may be formed of at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), fluorine- .

The protective film 55 may function to secure the weather resistance and withstand voltage of the solar cell module 100. In addition, the protective layer 55, together with the base layer 51 described above, may perform a moisture-proof function to prevent moisture from penetrating into the inside of the solar cell module 100.

The heat-radiating sheet 53 may be disposed between the base layer 51 and the protective film 55. The heat-radiating sheet 53 may transfer heat generated when the solar cell module 100 is operated to the outside to discharge heat of the solar cell module 100.

The heat-radiating sheet 53 may be formed of a conductive material, for example, at least one of a metallic material, graphite, a graphene, and a metal alloy.

The openings through which the ribbon 60 passes may be formed in the base layer 51, the protective film 55 and the heat-radiating sheet 53. At this time, the heat-radiating sheet (not shown) 53 are connected to each other, the solar cell module 100 is not insulated and current can leak to the outside.

However, in order to prevent such a problem, the present invention can prevent this problem by forming an opening larger than the opening formed in the base layer 51 or the protective film 55 in the heat-radiating sheet 53. More specifically, it is as follows.

3A to 3C are diagrams for explaining a first embodiment of the backsheet 50 shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.

3A is an exploded perspective view of the base layer 51, the protective film 55 and the heat radiation sheet 53 provided on the back sheet 50. FIG. 3B is an exploded perspective view of the base layer 51, the protective film 55 and the heat radiation sheet 53, Fig. 3C is a cross-sectional view along line CS1-CS1 of Fig. 3B.

3A, the base sheet 51, the protective sheet 55, and the heat-radiating sheet 53 may be formed by bonding together the base sheet 51, the protective sheet 51, 55 and the position of the outer end of the heat-radiating sheet 53 may be the same.

The first opening OP3 may be formed in the base layer 51 and the protective film 55 may be formed in the heat dissipation sheet 53 at a position where the first opening OP3 overlaps the first opening OP3.

The conductive ribbon 60 shown in FIG. 2 can be drawn from the plurality of solar cells to the rear surface of the rear sheet 50 through the first and second openings OP1, OP3, and OP5.

At this time, the size (i.e., area) of the first opening OP3 formed in the heat-radiating sheet 53 is larger than the size of the second openings OP1 and OP5 formed in the base layer 51 and the protective film 55 .

For example, the lateral width of the first opening OP3 may be between 100 mm and 200 mm, and the longitudinal width of the first opening OP3 may be between 60 mm and 100 mm.

In addition, the positions of the first opening OP3 and the second openings OP1 and OP5 may be formed at a portion between the rear central portion and the edge of the solar cell module. This is because when the solar cell module is driven, the central portion has a relatively higher calorific value than the edge portion, and the structural stability of the module is relatively low when an opening is formed at the edge of the solar cell module.

3B, when the base layer 51, the protective film 55 and the heat radiation sheet 53 are bonded together, the plane positions of the second openings OP1 and OP5 are positioned in the first opening OP3 There is. That is, when the rear sheet 50 is viewed in a plan view, the rim line of the first opening OP3 may be located outside the rim line of the second opening OP1, OP5.

Therefore, since the second openings OP1 and OP5 are located in the first opening OP3, a gap of Dx or Dy may be formed between the first opening OP3 and the second openings OP1 and OP5.

3C, the widths WOP1 and WOP5 of the second openings OP1 and OP5 of the base layer 51 and the protective film 55 are set to be equal to or greater than the widths W1 and W2 of the base layer 51 and the protective film 55, The end of the heat radiation sheet 53 may be positioned within the width WOP3 of the first opening OP3 of the seat 53 and the second opening OP1 and OP5 may be formed at the portion where the first opening OP3 is formed May be spaced inwardly by a predetermined distance (Dx) from the ends of the base layer (51) or the protective film (55).

In one example, the predetermined distance Dx may be determined between approximately 1 mm and 30 mm.

2 can be spaced apart from the heat-radiating sheet 53 and the first and second openings OP1, OP3, and OP5 can be spaced apart from the heat-radiating sheet 53. Therefore, when the backsheet 50 is viewed from above, The distance from the conductive ribbon 60 to the heat radiation sheet 53 may be larger than the distance from the conductive ribbon 60 to the base layer 51 or the protection film 55. [

The first opening OP3 of the heat-radiating sheet 53 may be formed before the back sheet 50 is manufactured and may be formed in the second opening portions OP1 and OP5 of the base layer 51 and the protective film 55, May be formed by attaching a conductive ribbon 60 in the manufacturing process of the solar cell module 100 and piercing a part of the base layer 51 and the protective film 55 with the conductive ribbon 60.

In the solar cell module 100 according to the present invention, the heat-radiating sheet 53 including the conductive material in the back sheet 50 through which the conductive ribbon 60 passes is covered with the base layer 51 or the protective film 55 The conductive ribbons 60 and the heat-radiating sheet 53 can be prevented from coming into contact with each other and short-circuited.

In addition, since the structure of the back sheet 50 can be formed in advance, any other process for preventing the short circuit between the conductive ribbon 60 and the back sheet 50 during the manufacturing process of the solar cell module 100 is added The manufacturing process of the solar cell module 100 can be further simplified.

Figs. 4A to 4C are views for explaining a second embodiment of the backsheet 50 shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig.

4B is an exploded perspective view of the base layer 51, the protective film 55 and the heat radiating sheet 53 provided on the back sheet 50. FIG. 4B is an exploded perspective view of the base layer 51, the protective film 55, Fig. 4C is a cross-sectional view taken along line CS2-CS2 of Fig. 4B.

In the following Figs. 4A to 4C, the parts different from the first embodiment are mainly described, and the description of the same parts is omitted.

4A to 4C, the second embodiment of the backsheet 50 has a structure in which the outer rim end of the heat-radiating sheet 53 is spaced from the outer rim end of the base layer 51 or the protective layer 55 by a predetermined distance Dx ').

In addition, an insulating sealing portion for preventing the inflow of moisture from the outside may further be located in the space outside the outer frame of the heat-radiating sheet 53.

4B, the space between the base layer 51 and the protective film 55, that is, the edge of the base layer 51 or the edge of the protective film 55, is formed in the space outside the outer rim of the heat radiation sheet 53, To Dx 'in the inner space. At this time, the size of Dx 'may be less than about 20 mm.

Such an insulating sealing portion can insulate the heat-radiating sheet 53 from a frame (not shown) that surrounds the rim portion of the solar cell module 100, and can prevent moisture inflow.

Such an insulating sealing portion may be formed to include at least one of an insulating resin or polyisobutylene.

In addition, such an insulating sealing portion can also be formed in the first opening OP3 of the heat radiation sheet 53 as well. More specifically, it is as follows.

5 is a view for explaining a third embodiment of the backsheet 50 shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. In the following FIG. 5, parts different from those of the first and second embodiments will be mainly described, and description of the same parts will be omitted.

The insulating sealing portion may be formed in the first opening OP3 through which the conductive ribbon 60 passes as well as the space outside the outer frame of the heat radiation sheet 53. [ 5, it may be further formed in the space between the base layer 51 and the protective film 55 in the region of the first opening OP3 of the heat-radiating sheet 53. As shown in FIG.

In this case, the insulation between the conductive ribbon 60 and the heat-radiating sheet 53 passing through the first opening OP3 can be more reliably ensured.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, Of the right.

Claims (13)

Front glass substrate;
A plurality of solar cells disposed on a rear surface of the front glass substrate; And
And a rear sheet disposed on a rear surface of the plurality of solar cells,
The rear sheet
An insulating base layer disposed closest to the rear surface of the plurality of solar cells;
An insulating protective film disposed on a rear surface of the base layer and performing a moisture-proof function; And
And a heat radiation sheet disposed between the base layer and the protection film,
A first opening is formed in the heat radiation sheet, a second opening is formed in the base layer and the protection film at a position overlapping the first opening,
Wherein a size of the first opening is larger than a size of the second opening. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein an end of the heat-radiating sheet at a portion where the first opening is formed is spaced inwardly by a predetermined distance from an end of the base layer or the protective film on which the second opening is formed. The method according to claim 1,
When the rear sheet is viewed in a plan view,
And a rim of the first opening is located outside the rim line of the second opening. The method according to claim 1,
And a conductive ribbon extending from the plurality of solar cells to the rear surface of the rear sheet through the first and second openings. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the conductive ribbon is spaced apart from the heat-radiating sheet. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein a distance from the conductive ribbon located at the first and second openings to the heat radiation sheet is larger than a distance from the conductive ribbon located at the first and second openings to the base layer or the protection film. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the outer edge of the outer edge of the heat dissipation sheet is spaced inward by a predetermined distance from the edge of the outer edge of the base layer or the protective layer. 8. The method of claim 7,
And an insulating sealing part for preventing the inflow of moisture from the outside is further formed outside the outer frame of the heat-radiating sheet. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the insulating sealing portion is further formed in a first opening through which the conductive ribbon passes. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the heat-radiating sheet comprises at least one of a metallic material, graphite, graphene, or a metal alloy. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the base layer comprises at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a polymer series. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the protective film comprises at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a fluorine-based resin, and a silicone resin. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the insulating sealing portion comprises at least one of an insulating resin or polyisobutylene.

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