KR20150102732A - 양이온 투과성 배리어를 이용하여 다중-성분 솔더를 전기 화학적으로 증착하기 위한 방법들 - Google Patents
양이온 투과성 배리어를 이용하여 다중-성분 솔더를 전기 화학적으로 증착하기 위한 방법들 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20150102732A KR20150102732A KR1020150028235A KR20150028235A KR20150102732A KR 20150102732 A KR20150102732 A KR 20150102732A KR 1020150028235 A KR1020150028235 A KR 1020150028235A KR 20150028235 A KR20150028235 A KR 20150028235A KR 20150102732 A KR20150102732 A KR 20150102732A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- processing
- processing fluid
- ion
- electrolyte
- ions
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 192
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 31
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 395
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 305
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 157
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 159
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 159
- -1 gold ion Chemical class 0.000 claims description 156
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 127
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910001432 tin ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001451 bismuth ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001449 indium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 193
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 89
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 52
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 52
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 51
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 39
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 38
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 38
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 31
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 28
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Ag].[Sn] QCEUXSAXTBNJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 13
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 6
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001453 nickel ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel(2+) Chemical compound [Ni+2] VEQPNABPJHWNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229960001484 edetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen atom Chemical compound [H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- JWVAUCBYEDDGAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Bi] JWVAUCBYEDDGAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013626 chemical specie Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000779 depleting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005137 deposition process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000866 electrolytic etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000969 tin-silver-copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MDAXKAUIABOHTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane Chemical compound C1CNCCNCCCNCCNC1 MDAXKAUIABOHTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYKLZUPYJFFNRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypiperidin-2-one Chemical compound OC1CCCNC1=O RYKLZUPYJFFNRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bipyridyl Chemical group N1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 ROFVEXUMMXZLPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L Copper gluconate Chemical class [Cu+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O OCUCCJIRFHNWBP-IYEMJOQQSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000544 Gore-Tex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006370 Kynar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910020836 Sn-Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020988 Sn—Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O Chemical compound [Cu+3].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RAOSIAYCXKBGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PSMFTUMUGZHOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N [In].[Sn].[Bi] Chemical compound [In].[Sn].[Bi] PSMFTUMUGZHOOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXYGHKTWVGLQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sb].[Cu].[Sn] Chemical compound [Sb].[Cu].[Sn] FXYGHKTWVGLQJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBERGKKSQZCNAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Sn].[Bi].[Zr] Chemical compound [Sn].[Bi].[Zr] ZBERGKKSQZCNAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- KVBYPTUGEKVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3-diol;formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 KVBYPTUGEKVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorous acid Chemical class OCl=O QBWCMBCROVPCKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001860 citric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009918 complex formation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- YSAVZVORKRDODB-WDSKDSINSA-N diethyl tartrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)OCC YSAVZVORKRDODB-WDSKDSINSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEBCWEDRGPSHQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropyl tartrate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)OC(C)C XEBCWEDRGPSHQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVRATXCXJDHJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(=O)OC PVRATXCXJDHJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M gold monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Au] JVPLOXQKFGYFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRCZENKQCOSNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-H gold(3+);trisulfite Chemical compound [Au+3].[Au+3].[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O SRCZENKQCOSNAI-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003642 hunger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pb] LQBJWKCYZGMFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanesulfonate group Chemical class CS(=O)(=O)[O-] AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J methanesulfonate;tin(4+) Chemical compound [Sn+4].CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O.CS([O-])(=O)=O AICMYQIGFPHNCY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium(2+) Chemical compound [Pd+2] MUJIDPITZJWBSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005289 physical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005373 porous glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MKWYFZFMAMBPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium feredetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Fe+3].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O MKWYFZFMAMBPQK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- ZWZLRIBPAZENFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium;gold(3+);disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Au+3].[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O ZWZLRIBPAZENFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical class NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical class [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KRZKNIQKJHKHPL-UHFFFAOYSA-J tripotassium;gold(1+);disulfite Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[Au+].[O-]S([O-])=O.[O-]S([O-])=O KRZKNIQKJHKHPL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/002—Cell separation, e.g. membranes, diaphragms
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28158—Making the insulator
- H01L21/28167—Making the insulator on single crystalline silicon, e.g. using a liquid, i.e. chemical oxidation
- H01L21/28194—Making the insulator on single crystalline silicon, e.g. using a liquid, i.e. chemical oxidation by deposition, e.g. evaporation, ALD, CVD, sputtering, laser deposition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/60—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of tin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/12—Semiconductors
- C25D7/123—Semiconductors first coated with a seed layer or a conductive layer
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/194,591 US20150247251A1 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2014-02-28 | Methods for electrochemical deposition of multi-component solder using cation permeable barrier |
US14/194,591 | 2014-02-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20150102732A true KR20150102732A (ko) | 2015-09-07 |
Family
ID=53946088
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020150028235A KR20150102732A (ko) | 2014-02-28 | 2015-02-27 | 양이온 투과성 배리어를 이용하여 다중-성분 솔더를 전기 화학적으로 증착하기 위한 방법들 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20150247251A1 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20150102732A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN104878420A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG10201500966QA (zh) |
TW (1) | TW201533279A (zh) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2020045367A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-28 | 2020-03-05 | 学校法人工学院大学 | 金属膜形成用組成物の製造方法、金属膜の製造方法、金属膜、金属膜積層体及び金属膜形成用組成物の製造装置 |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5893886A (ja) * | 1981-11-30 | 1983-06-03 | Tokuyama Soda Co Ltd | 電気メツキ方法 |
US8236159B2 (en) * | 1999-04-13 | 2012-08-07 | Applied Materials Inc. | Electrolytic process using cation permeable barrier |
US7195702B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2007-03-27 | Taskem, Inc. | Tin alloy electroplating system |
JP5184308B2 (ja) * | 2007-12-04 | 2013-04-17 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | めっき装置及びめっき方法 |
CN101476150B (zh) * | 2008-12-29 | 2013-09-04 | 广州电器科学研究院 | 一种电镀Sn-Cu合金的装置及其方法 |
US9404194B2 (en) * | 2010-12-01 | 2016-08-02 | Novellus Systems, Inc. | Electroplating apparatus and process for wafer level packaging |
JP5876767B2 (ja) * | 2012-05-15 | 2016-03-02 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | めっき装置及びめっき液管理方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-02-28 US US14/194,591 patent/US20150247251A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2015
- 2015-02-03 TW TW104103618A patent/TW201533279A/zh unknown
- 2015-02-06 SG SG10201500966QA patent/SG10201500966QA/en unknown
- 2015-02-27 CN CN201510089333.0A patent/CN104878420A/zh active Pending
- 2015-02-27 KR KR1020150028235A patent/KR20150102732A/ko unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SG10201500966QA (en) | 2015-09-29 |
CN104878420A (zh) | 2015-09-02 |
TW201533279A (zh) | 2015-09-01 |
US20150247251A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US8961771B2 (en) | Electrolytic process using cation permeable barrier | |
US8123926B2 (en) | Electrolytic copper process using anion permeable barrier | |
US20060189129A1 (en) | Method for applying metal features onto barrier layers using ion permeable barriers | |
US7846306B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for improving uniformity in electroplating | |
US7628898B2 (en) | Method and system for idle state operation | |
KR101674790B1 (ko) | 전기 도금 셀, 그리고, 금속 피막 및 그 제조 방법 | |
TWI657168B (zh) | 用以保持鎳電鍍浴中之ph値的設備與方法 | |
US8262871B1 (en) | Plating method and apparatus with multiple internally irrigated chambers | |
US10954604B2 (en) | Methods and apparatuses for electroplating nickel using sulfur-free nickel anodes | |
KR101769720B1 (ko) | 전기화학 증착 장치 및 그 안의 화학작용을 제어하는 방법 | |
TW201246293A (en) | Electroplating apparatus and process for wafer level packaging | |
US7794573B2 (en) | Systems and methods for electrochemically processing microfeature workpieces | |
US8128791B1 (en) | Control of electrolyte composition in a copper electroplating apparatus | |
US20140299476A1 (en) | Electroplating method | |
US20040065543A1 (en) | Insoluble electrode for electrochemical operations on substrates | |
US20040026255A1 (en) | Insoluble anode loop in copper electrodeposition cell for interconnect formation | |
US9234293B2 (en) | Electrolytic copper process using anion permeable barrier | |
US20140246324A1 (en) | Methods for electrochemical deposition of multi-component solder using cation permeable barrier | |
US20060144712A1 (en) | Systems and methods for electrochemically processing microfeature workpieces | |
US8268155B1 (en) | Copper electroplating solutions with halides | |
KR20150102732A (ko) | 양이온 투과성 배리어를 이용하여 다중-성분 솔더를 전기 화학적으로 증착하기 위한 방법들 | |
US20150299882A1 (en) | Nickel electroplating systems having a grain refiner releasing device | |
US20060260946A1 (en) | Copper electrolytic process using cation permeable barrier | |
US20060163072A1 (en) | Electrolytic process using anion permeable barrier |