KR20150074914A - Manufacturing method for grain non-oriented electrical steel and grain non-oriented electrical steel manufactured by the method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a manufacturing method for a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having low iron loss and high magnetic flux density and a non-oriented electrical steel manufactured by the same. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the manufacturing method for a non-oriented electrical steel sheet includes: a step of manufacturing a slab composed of 1.0-4.0 wt% of silicone (Si), 0.1-0.4 wt% of carbon (C), a remaining amount of iron (Fe), and impurities; a step of reheating, hot-rolling, and cold-rolling the slab; and a step of decarbonization-annealing the slab in a finishing annealing process. The decarbonization-annealing is carried out in a ferritic-austenitic phase change temperature range of a slab having the above composition to make the percentage of a cube-fiber texture be higher than the same of a γ- fiber texture.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet and a non-oriented electrical steel sheet produced by the method. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001]

More particularly, the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having both excellent magnetic flux density and iron loss and a non-oriented electrical steel sheet produced by the method.

The non-oriented electrical steel sheet is a soft magnetic material having excellent magnetic properties in the rolling direction as well as the rolling direction consisting of crystal grains mainly having a crystal orientation of {100} < uvw >, namely a so-called cube-fiber orientation.

The non-oriented electrical steel sheet is rolled to a final thickness of usually 0.15 to 0.50 mm through slab heating, hot rolling, hot-rolled sheet annealing, and cold rolling, followed by a final continuous annealing process. In the thus produced non-oriented electrical steel sheet, the fraction of the cube-fiber crystal grains favorable to magnetism is usually within 20 to 30%, so that the magnetic flux density and the iron loss have excellent characteristics at the same time.

That is, when a resistivity increasing material is added in a large amount to lower the iron loss, the magnetic flux density becomes low. In order to produce a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having both magnetic flux density and iron loss at the same time, it is necessary to promote the formation of crystal grains in the cube-fiber aggregate structure in the steel sheet and to suppress the formation of grains in the γ-fiber aggregate structure unfavorable to magnetism.

Prior Art 1: Korean Patent No. 10-0294352 Prior Art 2: Korean Patent No. 10-0797895 Prior Art 3: Korean Patent No. 10-1203791

Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a non-oriented electrical steel sheet which is improved in productivity by omitting the annealing process of the hot-rolled steel sheet and has both excellent magnetic flux density and iron loss, and a non-oriented electrical steel sheet produced by the method.

(Si), 0.1 to 0.4% by weight of carbon (C), the balance iron (Fe), and the balance iron A slab containing other unavoidable impurities is produced, and then the slab is reheated, subjected to hot rolling and cold rolling, and then subjected to decarburization annealing in the final finishing annealing process. The decarburization annealing is carried out in the ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature range of the slab having the above composition, so that the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is higher than that of the y-fiber aggregate structure.

The slab may have a silicon to carbon content ratio (Si / C) of 7.5 to 10.

The decarburization annealing can be carried out at a temperature of 850 캜 to 1000 캜 and a mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen. The decarburization annealing can be performed in a wet atmosphere at a dew point temperature of 70 ° C or lower. The decarburization annealing can be carried out in a temperature range of 900 ° C to 950 ° C for not longer than 5 minutes.

The slab heating temperature may be between 1100 ° C and 1350 ° C.

The fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure may be 42% or more, and the fraction of the y-fiber aggregate structure may be 6% or less.

The non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises 1.0 to 4.0% by weight of silicon (Si), 0.1 to 0.4% by weight of carbon (C), the balance iron (Fe), and other inevitable impurities The slab is reheated, subjected to hot rolling and cold rolling, and then subjected to decarburization annealing in the final finishing annealing step. The decarburization annealing is carried out in a ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature range of the slab having the above composition The fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is higher than that of the y-fiber aggregate structure.

In the above-described slab composition, the content ratio of silicon to carbon (Si / C) may be 7.5 to 10. The fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure may be 42% or more, and the fraction of the y-fiber aggregate structure may be 6% or less.

In an electric steel sheet, the crystal grains may have columnar microstructures. The microstructure of the penetration type is 90% or more, the width of the crystal grains is 200 μm or less, and the size of the crystal grains is 0.5 t (t is the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet).

According to this embodiment, by dispersing the surface crystal grains into the inside by decarburization annealing, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in both iron loss and magnetic flux density can be obtained by increasing the cube- Can be manufactured.

1 is a cross-sectional photograph of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet produced by the method of this embodiment.
2 is a photograph of an ODF (Orientation Distribution Fuction) of a through-type microstructure.
FIG. 3 is a photograph showing microstructure and ODF analysis according to changes in texture during decarburization annealing. FIG.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention.

The method of manufacturing the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment includes steps of reheating the slab, cold-rolling the hot-rolled steel sheet after the hot-rolling process, forming the desired thickness, and decarburizing and annealing at the final annealing.

The slabs include 1.0 to 4.0 wt% silicon (Si), 0.1 wt% to 0.4 wt% carbon (C), the balance iron (Fe), and other unavoidable impurities. The decarburization annealing is performed in a humidified atmosphere of a mixed gas of hydrogen and nitrogen at a dew point temperature of 70 ° C or lower. At this time, the decarburization annealing is performed at a temperature where austenite single phase or a composite phase of ferrite and austenite is present to grow ferrite grains on the surface.

Here, the slab preferably has a silicon to carbon content ratio (Si / C) of 7.5 to 10. When the content ratio of silicon to carbon is within this range, it is easy to satisfy the ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature range and it is advantageous to form a cube-fiber aggregate structure favorable to magnetism.

The inventors of the present application conducted cold-rolling of a hot-rolled sheet containing an appropriate amount of silicon and carbon so as to have a phase transformation temperature of 850 ° C to 1000 ° C, and then subjected to a decarburization annealing process in the final annealing step to form a γ- Is found to be suppressed and a large number of grains having a cube-fiber aggregate structure favorable to magnetism are found.

In this embodiment, decarburization annealing is preferably carried out at 900 ° C to 950 ° C, and the slab contains the optimum silicon and carbon content at which the ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature becomes the decarburization annealing temperature on the low-temperature component. Therefore, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment exhibits excellent magnetic flux density and iron loss by increasing the fraction of crystal grains having a cube-fiber aggregate structure while suppressing the γ-fiber aggregate structure as much as possible.

In the present embodiment, it is preferable that the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is 42% or more and the fraction of the γ-pyrazide aggregate structure is 6% or less.

Here, the y-fiber aggregate structure is a (111) <uww> aggregate structure with a deviation of 15 degrees and the cube-fiber aggregate structure is a (100) <uww> aggregate structure with a deviation of 15 degrees.

Hereinafter, the reason for limiting the composition ratio of the slab will be described.

[Silicone: 1.0% by weight to 4.0% by weight]

Silicon lowers the magnetic anisotropy of the electrical steel sheet material and increases the resistivity, thereby lowering the iron loss. If the silicon content is less than 1.0% by weight, the reduction of the resistivity is not so large, and the iron loss is reduced. If the silicon content is more than 4.0% by weight, the brittleness is increased.

[Carbon: 0.1% by weight to 0.4% by weight]

The carbon is added by controlling the carbon content according to the silicon content so that the ferrite and austenite phase transformation temperatures are in the range of 900 캜 to 1000 캜. When the carbon content is 0.1% by weight and 0.26% by weight, respectively, silicon is added in an amount of 2.0% by weight and the phase transformation temperature is maintained at about 1000 ° C. In order to lower the phase transformation temperature to 900 ° C, To 0.4% by weight. The carbon content in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet that has been manufactured is less than 20 ppm.

The process conditions will be described below.

The slab having the above composition can be reheated in a heating furnace at a temperature of 1100 to 1350 ° C. The heated slab is hot rolled to form a hot rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 2.0 mm to 3.0 mm. If the heating temperature of the slab is too low, the hot rolling can not be performed well. On the contrary, if the heating temperature is too high, the hot-rolled structure is coarsened and the magnetic properties are adversely affected.

Since the content of carbon black is high in the composition of the slab described above, there is no problem even if the slab temperature is elevated to 1150 to 1350 캜 higher than usual conditions in terms of refinement of the hot-rolled structure. In view of workability of hot rolling, . After the hot rolling, the hot-rolled sheet annealing step is omitted, and the hot-rolled sheet is cold-rolled immediately once to produce a cold-rolled sheet having a final thickness of 0.15 mm to 0.35 mm.

The final finishing annealing process of a general anti-static electrical steel sheet is carried out in a dry gas atmosphere for the formation and growth of crystal grains. However, in this embodiment, in order to quickly remove the? -Fiber structure unfavorable to magnetism during the process of rapidly diffusing the ferrite grains formed on the surface, it is preferable to carry out decarburization annealing in a temperature range of 850 to 1000 占 폚 and a wet gas atmosphere having a dew point temperature of 70 占 폚 or less Process is carried out.

The temperature range of the decarburization annealing is preferably in the range of 900 ° C. to 950 ° C., which corresponds to the phase transformation temperature of ferrite and austenite in the slab composition according to an embodiment of the present invention, and may be performed for 5 minutes or less.

[Experiment 1]

A slab containing silicon and carbon in a range of 1.0 wt% to 3.0 wt%, and 0.05 wt% to 0.30 wt%, respectively, and containing the balance iron and other unavoidable impurities, is heated at a temperature of 1200 DEG C, Rolled and cold-rolled at a reduction ratio of 85% without annealing the hot-rolled steel sheet to produce a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.35 mm. The cold-rolled sheet was further subjected to recrystallization at a temperature of 900 DEG C for 150 seconds in a wet mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen, and decarburization annealing was performed in the final annealing process.

Table 1 shows the conditions of Experiment 1 and the fractions of the cube-fiber aggregate structure and the γ-fiber aggregate structure.

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the iron loss and the magnetic flux density are changed by a difference in the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure and the fraction of the? -Fiber aggregate structure depending on the content of silicon and carbon. That is, it can be seen that the magnetic properties are excellent when the phase transformation ratio is maintained within an appropriate range by carbon as the austenite forming element and silicon as the ferrite forming element.

In Examples 1 to 5, the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure was higher and the fraction of the γ-fiber aggregate structure was lower than that of Comparative Example 1. Further, in Examples 2, 3 and 4, in which the silicon / carbon content ratio was in the range of 7.5 to 10 among Examples 1 to 5, the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure was higher than 42% It can be confirmed that the fraction is 6% or less. Therefore, the silicon / carbon content ratio in the slab of this embodiment can satisfy the range of 7.5 to 10.

[Experiment 2]

The slab containing 2.0% by weight of silicon, 0.2% by weight of carbon, the balance iron and other unavoidable impurities was heated at a temperature of 1200 DEG C, hot-rolled to a thickness of 2.3 mm and cold- rolled at a reduction of 85% Cold rolled steel sheets were produced. The cold-rolled sheet was further subjected to final annealing for 150 seconds in a mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen (dew point temperature: 60 占 폚) in a temperature range of 850 占 폚 to 1050 占 폚 to carry out recrystallization and decarburization annealing.

As shown in Table 2, in Examples 6, 7, 8 and 9, in which the final decarburization annealing temperature was in the range of 850 to 1000 占 폚, the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure was higher than that of the comparative example and the fraction of? It can be confirmed that it is lowered. Further, in Examples 6 and 7, in which the final decarburization annealing temperature is 900 ° C to 950 ° C, the? -Fiber bonded structure is suppressed and the cube-fiber aggregate structure is well developed. In Examples 6 and 7, the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is higher than 49%, and the fraction of the? -Fiber bonded structure is 4%.

1 is a cross-sectional photograph of a non-oriented electrical steel sheet produced by the method of this embodiment. Referring to FIG. 1, the non-oriented electrical steel sheet according to the present embodiment has a columnar microstructure different from a normal recrystallized structure.

This is because grain growth occurs after the decarburization and recrystallization are first performed on the surface during the final annealing at the final annealing, while decarburization occurs later in the inside, and since the amount of decarburization is small and carbon remains, mainly small grains are formed. That is, the ferrite grains formed during the decarburization process on the surface are grown while corroding the fine crystal grains while the decarburization proceeds, so that they have through-type microstructure.

Further, as can be seen from Fig. 1, in the non-oriented electrical steel sheet of this embodiment, at least 90% of the grains have a grain size of less than 200 mu m in width and 0.5 t in thickness (t is the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet).

2 is a photograph of an ODF (Orientation Distribution Fuction) of a through-type microstructure. In the experiment of FIG. 2, a hot-rolled sheet containing 2 wt% of silicon and 0.2 wt% of carbon and having a ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature of about 950 DEG C was used. In the nonoriented electrical steel sheet of the embodiment in which the decarburization annealing was performed immediately after the hot-rolled sheet annealing step was omitted after the hot-rolling, it was confirmed that the through-type microstructure strongly developed the (100) < uvw >

FIG. 3 is a photograph showing microstructure and ODF analysis according to changes in texture during decarburization annealing. FIG. Referring to FIG. 3, it can be seen that surface layer grains, which are mainly (100) <011> orientations, grow while encroaching internal tissues in which fine recrystallization occurs in a strong γ-fiber structure. 2 and 3, the core structure containing a large amount of carbon and having a small grain size is corroded by the large crystal grains formed on the surface thereof through the decarburization process, Able to know.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, Of course.

Claims (12)

Slabs A slab comprising 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% silicon (Si), 0.1 wt% to 0.4 wt% carbon (C), the balance iron (Fe), and other unavoidable impurities is prepared and then the slab is reheated Hot rolling and cold rolling are performed, and then decarburization annealing is performed in the final finishing annealing step,
Wherein the decarburization annealing is carried out in a ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature range of a slab having the above composition so that the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is higher than that of the y-fiber aggregate structure. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the slab has a silicon to carbon content ratio (Si / C) of 7.5 to 10. 3. The method of claim 2,
Wherein the decarburization annealing is performed at a temperature of 850 캜 to 1000 캜 and a mixed gas atmosphere of hydrogen and nitrogen. The method of claim 3,
Wherein the decarburization annealing is performed in a wet atmosphere at a dew point temperature of 70 DEG C or less. 5. The method of claim 4,
Wherein the decarburization annealing is performed in a temperature range of 900 ° C to 950 ° C for 5 minutes or less. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Wherein the slab heating temperature is in a range of 1100 ° C to 1350 ° C. The method according to claim 6,
Wherein the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is 42% or more, and the fraction of the? -Fibre aggregate structure is 6% or less. A slab containing 1.0 wt% to 4.0 wt% silicon (Si), 0.1 wt% to 0.4 wt% carbon (C), the balance iron (Fe), and other unavoidable impurities is prepared and then the slab is reheated , Hot rolling and cold rolling, and then performing decarburization annealing in a final finishing annealing step. The decarburization annealing is carried out in a ferrite-austenite phase transformation temperature range of the slab having the above composition, so that the fraction of the cube- - a non-oriented electrical steel sheet having a higher fraction of the fiber texture. 9. The method of claim 8,
Wherein the content ratio of silicon to carbon (Si / C) is 7.5 to 10 in the slab composition. 10. The method of claim 9,
Wherein the fraction of the cube-fiber aggregate structure is at least 42%, and the fraction of the? -Fibre aggregate structure is at most 6%. 11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10,
The electric steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the grain has a columnar microstructure. 12. The method of claim 11,
Wherein the microstructure of the through-hole is 90% or more, the width of the crystal grains is 200 占 퐉 or less, and the grain size is 0.5t (t is the thickness of the non-oriented electrical steel sheet).

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