KR20150034129A - Surface covering systems and methods for preparing such a system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is directed to a surface coating system intended for a wet floor, a roof-like surface, or other substantially flat, limited surface exposed to water and also requiring drainage, and a method for preparing such a system. The surface coating system comprises at least one plate 1, 1a (1) having a mark 2 representing a drain point and a substantially flat lower surface 3 with a first ramp towards the mark 2 and an upper surface 4 , 1b, 1c. The invention is characterized in that the first ramp has a circular shape and also has a radial gradient (a) directed towards the mark (2) from all points on the at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c). In this way, the ramps form cavities in the form of at least a part of a blunt virtual cone with the apex of the cone directed towards the plate 2 on the plate 1, 1a, 1b, 1c. This solution achieves a modular surface coating system with uniform circular ramps, starting with the installation of the drainage points / points in a certain limited space. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing such a surface coating system.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a surface coating system and a method for preparing such a system,

The present invention is generally directed to a surface covering system intended to cover a floor, roof, or other substantially flat, limited surface that may be exposed to a falling fluid and thus require drainage. The system includes a plate having a decline pre-fabricated towards the draining sewer. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing such a system.

In order to prevent other fluids such as water or oil from being collected on the surface, an inclination toward the drain hole is required. The surface may be exposed to water in the form of, for example, a flat roof, a surface on an inner yard, a warehouse, a kitchen, or a floor of a bathroom such as a shower room or laundry room, or rainwater or rainwater, Which may be in the form of other substantially flat, limited surfaces requiring drainage.

For example, a common method for achieving a slope towards the drainage point, in this case the bottom drainage, in the wetroom is to use a liquid filler to form the slope. This method has a number of disadvantages including considerable time consumption, difficulty in achieving lifting of many heavy objects by the builder, and achieving uniform slope. In some places on the floor, uneven places and reversed slopes frequently cause water puddle. It is unnecessarily difficult to place a floor clinker on the pillar treated floor because the clinker has to be cut to provide a uniform joint.

In order to simplify the construction of the surfaces requiring drainage, many systems on the market can be used which consist of one or more plates arranged on a flat surface with pre-fabricated ramps.

U.S. Patent No. 7,979,927B2 discloses that, for example, a bottom ramp is pre-fabricated starting with the installation of a drain hole and many square pre-fabricated elements are joined together by hooking them together and the ramp is milled starting from the bottom drain ) Method is disclosed. The sloped portion milled on each plate is referred to as the so-called envelope slope, i.e. it is flat and tilted towards the bottom drain. This means that the edges are formed between all milled plates. These edges complicate the laying of the clinker on the floor and are inconvenient for standing up.

EP 12 769 490 A1 discloses another previously prepared wet floor or ceiling in which many plates of the same shape as the circular sector provide a circular ramp starting from the drain. The system is found on many of the same segments as each round turn that lies around the center circular segment located above the drain. The floor is laid out starting from the drain, and then building one turn at a time outward from the room. The segment at the wall is cut into a suitable shape. Such cutting must be done in situ in the wet room. This cutting is time consuming and there will be a lot of waste that must be removed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a surface coating system comprising prefabricated building elements whereby a surface with a uniform slope towards a sufficient drainage and drainage of water can be constructed easily and quickly.

This object is achieved by a lithographic apparatus comprising at least one substantially rectangular, triangular, square, or otherwise polygonal plate with a mark indicating a drainage point, and a substantially flat bottom surface and top surface with a first ramp toward the mark Is achieved by a surface coating system intended to cover a floor, ceiling, or other substantially limited planar surface according to claim 1, The invention is characterized in that it is circular and also has a radial inclination which is directed towards the mark from all points on the at least one plate. The ramp thus forms a cavity in the plate, which has the shape of at least a portion of a blunt virtual cone with the apex of a cone directed towards the mark.

This solution achieves a surface coating system comprising at least one pre-fabricated plate having a uniform circular ramp starting from the installation of drainage points / points in a particular room. The advantage of a uniform circular ramp is that it is inclined to exactly the same amount from all points of the chamber to the drainage point on the one hand and on the other hand it provides a uniform point without the need to cut the tile It can be coated with stone or ceramics, which saves considerable time. The uniform slope also simplifies covering the surface with asphalt, roof boarding, cardboard, or felt having a felt, which is done when the surface covering system is a roof or courtyard. Thus, the installation of the drainage points determines the shape of each plate segment, and each plate segment is unique and intended for a specific limited surface. The opening serving as a drain is preferably centered on the mark for the drain point. One plate may be used as a bathroom plate, for example, as a wet plate intended for a limited space in a shower area.

According to the first embodiment, the surface covering system comprises at least two separate plates intended to be arranged side by side. At least one of the plates has a mark indicative of a drainage point, and both at least two plates have an upper surface with a first common circular ramp having a radial gradient directed toward the mark when the plates are arranged side by side.

By using at least two plates, a large modular surface covering system with a common ramp towards the bottom drain can be manufactured without the difficulty of transporting the system and laying it in place. Nevertheless, it is appropriate to use as few plates as possible for a certain limited surface.

According to one embodiment, the upper surface of at least one side edge of each plate is beveled, which provides a beveled notch in the junction that is achieved between the plates when the plates are arranged side by side.

The beveled notch may be filled with, for example, a liquid filler. If the liquid filler is placed on the upper surface of the plate as well as the junction between the plates, the separate plates become modular together as a single unit.

According to another embodiment, the second circular ramp having a second inclination greater than the first ramp of the first circular ramp is locally closest to the drain point. The second ramp with this second ramp preferably extends from the mark with a virtual circular line disposed at a distance corresponding to a radius of up to 500 mm from the mark.

By having the largest slope nearest the drainage point, a better multiple around this point is achieved locally. Local fast drains prevent water from being collected in the vicinity of the drainage point, which can be, for example, in the feet of a person using a shower in a wet room.

According to one embodiment, the grooves are disposed in the upper surface and / or the lower surface of the at least one plate. The at least two grooves may be arranged to cross each other to provide a checkered pattern. A device for heating, for example underfloor heating and / or for reinforcement, for example a reinforcing bar, can be located in at least one of the grooves. It is also possible to fill the groove with a liquid filler.

Grooves disposed on the upper surface can be used for underfloor heating and grooves disposed on the lower surface can also be used to vent moisture that may appear between the bottom floor and the surface coating system. The grooves for underfloor heating are preferably arranged in a checkered pattern that completely follows the bottom inclination. It is also possible to dispose the groove on the upper surface before the inclined portion is formed. In this embodiment, the checkered pattern does not conform to the inclination of the bottom, but is flat. If the grooves are filled with liquid filler, the heat from the underfloor heating coil is evenly distributed over the bottom since the liquid filler can lead to better heat than the plate material.

The present invention also relates to a method for preparing a surface coating system comprising at least one plate having an inclination towards a mark indicating a drain point in accordance with any of the embodiments described above, , Hot-pressing, compression-molding, or casting is prepared by at least one plate.

An advantage of the above-described method for preparing the surface coating system is that the circular ramp with uniform inclination can be prepared without any complicated manufacturing process for one or more pre-fabricated plates included in the system.

In one embodiment, the method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps.

Positioning at least one plate on the work table.

Forming a mark for at least one drainage point on at least one plate.

Determining the desired slope of the upper surface of the at least one plate directed towards the mark based on information about the desired size of the surface to which the system will be adapted, the thickness of the plate, and the location of the drain point.

Preparing the desired slope on the upper surface of at least one plate.

According to one embodiment, the ramp is machined into a circular or linear motion starting from the mark. If the ramp portion is machined into a circular or linear motion starting from a milling mark, for example by a milling machine, each bottom can be specially manufactured according to the needs of the consumer.

The mill can advantageously be programmed with a 5-axis mill. The mill is preferably programmed with information about the desired size of the surface to which the system is adapted, the thickness of the plate, and the location of the drainage point.

For example, by using a milling machine that includes a milling spindle that tilts at a desired slope and also directs the lowest point of the milling head toward the mark for the drain point, the manufacturing process can be further simplified. If a programmable 5-axis mill is used, the manufacturing process is faster and the lead time is reduced. The mill preferably has information from the programmed platform with information about the desired size of the surface to which the system is adapted, the thickness of the plate, and the intended location of the drainage point. The platform is selected according to the intended number of drainage points of the surface coating system.

In another embodiment, the method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps.

Selecting a first mold comprising an interior volume at least partially corresponding to the volume of the at least one plate;

Supplying a quantity of material corresponding to at least one plate to the mold.

According to one embodiment, the preparation of the at least one plate is accomplished by any one of any preparation methods such as hot pressing, compression molding, or casting of the at least one plate.

According to one embodiment, the selected mold is single or double, and at least comprises a surface having a desired radial negative slope (?,?) Determined in a direction away from the mark representing the drain point toward the outer edge of the mold Wherein the marking is arranged to protrude relative to the edge of the mold, i. E. The mold comprises a protruding portion with a negative slope (virtual cone) to form a circular ramp. A single mold is preferably used for casting, wherein the first mold part is used as the lower part, and the dual mold is preferably used for compression molding or hot pressing.

According to a second embodiment, the method further comprises the step of selecting at least one second mold whose internal volume corresponds to the volume of the separated second plate, which has an inclined portion in common with the second plate And supplies the material to the second mold in an amount relative to the second plate.

If compression molding or hot pressing is used as the preparation method, at least one of the mold parts can be used for the preliminary manufacture / manufacture of several plates which together constitute a surface coating system. For example, in the case of a large system comprising a square plate with one plate having a centrally located drainage point, the entire mold, both the first mold part and the second mold part, Because the multiple plates have the same inclination here. Preferably, at least four plates have the same inclination.

According to another embodiment, the outer dimension of at least one mold is the same as the outer dimension of at least one second mold.

According to another embodiment, any one of the above-described methods may be used to form a hole for a drain hole that is centered around the mark for the drainage point, and / , Which extends over the entire surface thereof.

By forming holes for the drains at the beginning of the production of the surface coating system, and possibly also for the drain pipes, etc., it is also possible to produce grooves which can also be used, for example for underfloor heating, To be run in-system when the system is installed. This otherwise reduces the amount of waste produced during the formation of the pores and during cutting. Waste produced at the factory during the manufacturing of the system can be directly accountable and can also be recycled or reused in new plates.

All parts of the above embodiments and examples can be freely combined as long as the combinations do not cause contradictions.

The invention is described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A is a plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1B shows section AA of FIG. 1A.
1C is a perspective view of the present invention according to the first embodiment.
1D shows a perspective view of the present invention in an enlarged scale.
2A is a plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2B shows section AA of Figure 2A.
Figures 3a-3c illustrate some possible shapes of a surface coating system adapted to different dimensions of the surface on which the system is intended to be adapted.
Figures 4A and 4B show a third embodiment with a cut-off for underfloor heating and / or venting.
Figures 5a, 5b and 5c show molds belonging to two different manufacturing methods.
Figures 6A-6C illustrate an alternative embodiment of a surface coating system, including a square plate.

In the following, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided. All examples are considered parts of the general description, and they can also be combined accordingly in general.

The surface coating system will be described below as a floor system for a wet room, but of course it is of course also possible to use the system for forming drains on other substantially flat limited surfaces, for example on the roof or on the courtyard.

1A-1C show a first embodiment of a floor system, which comprises a plate 1 with a mark 2 for a drainage point in the form of a bottom drain. The mark 2 may thus be the drain point / bottom drain. The mark 2 is centered on the plate 1 in this embodiment, but it may be located away from the edge of the plate, for example, at another suitable location 450 mm to 600 mm above the plate. The plate is rectangular in this embodiment, but it may be a substantially rectangular (e.g., square), triangular, square, or other polygonal shape. In addition, the term "substantially rectangular, triangular, square, or polygonal" includes different shapes or connection details disposed at the edges of the plate to allow multiple plates to be joined or joined together.

A hole will be placed in the mark 2, on which a bottom train or other drainage device is mounted. The center of the hole for the bottom drain must be in the center of the mark. The plate 1 has a substantially flat lower surface 3 and an upper surface 4 with an inclined portion directed towards the mark 2. Since the ramp is circular and also has a radial gradient (?) From all points on the at least one plate towards the mark, the ramp is shaped in at least a portion of a blunt cone with the cone vertex oriented towards the mark (2) Thereby forming a cavity in the plate (1). Because the plate has a polygonal shape, the cavity in the shape of a cone is truncated to its periphery, i.e. the straight edge of the plate ends at the circular ramp (see FIG. In Fig. 1d, the thickness of the plate has been enlarged to clarify the conical shape of the cavity.

The plate may be made of, for example, expanded polystyrene or polyamide plastic (PA), polypropylene (PP), or polyurethane (PUR) of the EPS or XPS type. In addition, the plate material may be a glass foam or any other plate material suitable for the purpose. In a further embodiment, the plate with the circular ramps can be cast from concrete or other materials suitable for casting. It is also possible to press-mold or hot-press the plate with other materials suitable for these manufacturing processes.

Plates used as part of the surface coating system are intended to be substantially flat on the bottom side and thus to lie on a flat substrate. It is advantageous to use an EPS plate with dimensions up to 1200 mm x 3000 mm with dimensions up to 600 mm x 3300 mm, but of course it is also possible to use plates with any other dimensions. For example, a square plate may be suitable for reasons of assembly.

Plates made from water impermeable materials, such as polyamide plastics (PA) or polypropylene (PP), may be desirable when they are intended to be located, for example, in a mattress or yard. The plate can thus act as a moisture barrier for the underlying floor structure, and it is also only required to seal along the wall or edge and along the junction between the plates.

Figures 2a and 2b illustrate another embodiment of the present invention wherein the floor system comprises three separate rectangular plates la, lb, < RTI ID = 0.0 > 1c. Of course, more than three plates may be used. The plates can be fastened together by glue or other fastening means, or they can be tightened side by side. The joint 5 between the plates can be sealed with some sort of sealing tape. It is also possible to place a sealing layer or steam impermeable cloth on the entire floor.

One of the plates, in this case the intermediate plate 1b (but this, of course, may also be one of the other plates 1a, 1c) has a mark 2, which in this case is a cut for the bottom drain. The holes may be milled or produced in any other way when the floor system is manufactured or when the floor is in place in the building area. The bottom surface (4) has a first circular ramp portion with a radial gradient (?) Directed towards the bottom drain mark (2). The second circular ramp having a slope (?) Greater than the slope (?) Greater than the first ramp is locally closest to the floor drain mark, preferably at a radius (r) from the middle of the drain to 500 mm. For wetting, the first radial direction gradient α is preferably in the range of 2-10 mm / m, and the second radial direction gradient β is preferably in the range of 7-20 mm / m. For other substantially flat, restricted surfaces, such as roofs and courtyards, the inclination directed toward the drain may be in a different range.

Since the bottom surface 4 is composed of several plates, in this case three, the separated plates 1a, 1b and 1c have upper surfaces 4a, 4b and 4c with a part of a common circular ramp . The intermediate plate 1b comprises a hole for the drain hole and the rounded ramp around it forms a cavity which is in the shape of a cone with its apex being directed towards the center of the hole for the bottom drain. The two outer plates 1a, 1c include inclined portions which form cavities in the plates 1a, 1c in the form of parts of a blunt cone, because one or both cones are frustrated.

Figures 3a-3c show three different bathroom floors in an irregular shape, built in a floor system according to the invention. The floor system shown in Figs. 3a-3c is all built from one or several rectangular plates 1a, 1b, 1b ', 1c, 1d and the upper floor surface has a circular ramp directed towards the bottom pool number. The outer edge of the bottom is cut into the desired shape. Regardless of how the bathroom floor looks, the cut does not have to be in situ. The plate can be specially manufactured according to the shape of the floor uniformly in the factory.

Figures 4a and 4b show an embodiment of a floor system with a machined groove 6 disposed on the upper surface 4 of the plate 1. [ The grooves are formed in a checkered pattern in this embodiment, which extends to the edge of the plate (Figure 4a) or ends slightly away from the edge (Figure 4b). The groove may be provided with a cable or tube (not shown) for underfloor heating. The underfloor heating coil is cast into place with the liquid filler. Since the grooves intersect with each other and are filled with heat dissipating the liquid filler, heat from the underfloor heating coil is uniformly distributed on the bottom.

It is also possible to arrange the grooves 6 in a checkered pattern so as to match the reinforcing devices, for example, a pre-manufactured reinforcing carpet or groove, or a separate reinforcing bar bounded to each other. If a reinforcement device is used, the overall configuration becomes stronger, and the separate plates are also held together. When the reinforcing carpet is placed in the grooves, these can be filled with, for example, a liquid filler or concrete. These grooves may, of course, be machined into the plate shown in Figs. The reinforcement thus strengthens the plate.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 4a, the edge of the plate has a bevel ring 7, which can be there from the factory, or it can be machined by a machine forming the ramp. When the plates 1a, 1b, 1c are laid side-by-side, a beveled notch appears in the joining portion 6 between the plates. This notch can be filled with, for example, a liquid filler. There may thus be a liquid filler on both the joint 6 between the plates and on the upper surface 5 of the plate. The separated plates 1a, 1b, 1c are then molded together into a single unit 1.

It is also possible to process / mill the grooves 8 on the lower surface 3 of the plate 1. [ These grooves 8 preferably extend directly over the entire lower surface 3 of the floor and also contribute to the air flow between the floor bottom and the floor system. The bottom is thus better ventilated and the risk of moisture damage is reduced.

It is also possible to arrange at least one plate at a distance from the surface to be covered with it. The distance between the floor and the plate can be used for venting or for an electric wire or water pipe.

The floor system can be manufactured by different processing / manufacturing processes.

By plastic forming in a mold having a limited internal volume or by plastic deformation of the plate by so-called hot pressing by a pressing tool formed conically under heat, for example by casting the separated plate into one or more molds It is possible to provide a plate having a circular inclined portion.

In production by casting, a single mold 9 is used, preferably with a mirror-like ramp made of steel or other suitable material. 5A, which shows a center plate with a mark / hole 2 for a bottom drain positioned centrally on the plate as a protruding cylinder. The mold 9 thus has at least one determined desired radial direction negative slope (?,?) Directed away from the frame 9a and a protruding mark 2 indicative of a drain point towards the edge located at the bottom outside of the mold, beta] of the lower frame surface 9a. The radial inclination corresponds to the inclined portion of the upper surface 4 of the plate.

In another mold intended to cast a plate to be positioned around the center plate 1b, there is no protruding portion to provide the bottom drain, but rather the ramp proceeds from all the points on the frame surface, The portion of the lower frame surface is not completely flat.

The mold is filled with concrete or other corresponding hard material with a possible additive additive in an appropriate manner. It is also possible to reinforce the plate with a reinforcing net, a reinforcing bar, or a separate needle or fiber. When the plate is completed, the upper forming surface becomes the substantially flat lower surface (3) of the plate.

It is also possible to use various materials for the plate. For example, a layer of expanded plastic may be placed on concrete that has not been fully cured, or may be adhered to it later.

In the case of production by compression molding, as shown in Figures 5b and 5c, a first part (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) surrounding the inner volume at least partially corresponding to the volume of the at least one plate 10 and the second portion 1 are used. Figure 5b shows the center plate, which also has a mark / hole (2) for the bottom drain located centrally on the plate in the form of a projecting cylinder. Figure 5c shows a triangular double mold that may be used to produce a plate having a circular ramp.

The first portion 10 of the mold has at least one determined desired radial direction negative slope alpha, beta directed away from the mark 2 indicating the drain point towards the outer edge of the mold. The second part 11 of the mold has a flat inner surface, corresponding to the substantially flat lower surface 3 of the plate. Preferably, the second part 11 of the mold can be used for the production of all the separate plates 1a to 1g. Other molds intended to cast the plate to be placed around the center plate 1b have no protrusions to provide the bottom drain but rather the ramp proceeds from all the points on the frame surface, The portion of the lower frame surface is not completely flat. The inner surface of the other mold has an inclination corresponding to the inner surface of the first mold so that a common ramp is formed.

The plate is produced by supplying a material constituting the plate to the internal volume between the first and second portions 10, 11 of the mold. When the material is cured, the first and second mold portions are separated and a finished plate having a portion of the circular ramp is also taken out.

In manufacturing by hot pressing, not shown, a pre-warmed plate of, for example, polyamide plastic (PA) or polypropylene (PP) is placed in the lower part of the shaping tool. After locating the material batch, the tool is closed and the material is pressed into the shaping space. When the material is cured, the tool is opened, and the plate having the completed circular ramp is taken out.

It is also possible to mill the inclined portion on a flat plate (not shown). If the shape of the ramp and floor is milled, it is preferably machined into a 5-axis (X, Y, Z, A, and C-axis) programmable mill with a working area of about 3300 mm x 5000 mm. The mill includes a milling spindle that can be inclined at a desired slope. The machine has an automatic tool changer and a vacuum table to keep the plate in place. The Y axis is horizontal in the longitudinal direction of the machine, the X axis is the horizontal direction transversely to the longitudinal direction of the machine, and the Z axis extends vertically. Motion around the A axis tilts the milling spindle to the desired angle and motion around the C axis rotates the spindle about its own axis.

For example, when making a wet floor having dimensions of 2700 mm x 3500 mm, i.e. 9.45 m ² , it is preferable to use three plates with dimensions of 1200 mm x 3000 mm, which are arranged side by side on the work area of the mill Is set. Depending on how many drains the room will have, many programs are stored in the computer program, and most of the bathrooms have one drain. The platform is programmed with information about the location of the drain on the floor as well as the floor size and thickness of the plate. The whet is inclined at a desired slope and its lowest point is directed towards the mark 2 forming the center of the drain. The lowest point of the mill is directed towards the mark (2) during the entire work process to form the ramp. The ramp is milled in a circular or linear motion by a flat mill, and the center point of the drain is always the starting point for the movement. When the plate has its slope, the bottom size is milled from the plate by cutting the edge. The bottom can be given a different shape at this stage (see Figures 3A-3C). Holes are also milled for floor drains and drain pipes for toilets and sinks if necessary. The plate is then marked with a corresponding mark in the accompanying drawings. The produced waste is recycled.

If the floor is to be heated under the floor, the checkered pattern can be milled on the top surface 4 of the floor, which completely follows the inclination of the floor. It is also possible to form a flat check pattern independent of the top slope of the floor, which makes it possible, for example, to use a pre-fabricated reinforcing net.

The method is aimed at each floor system specially manufactured according to the floor size, and the ordering with information on its shape and location of the floor drain.

However, it is also possible to manufacture a flexible floor system in which the plates are stacked at a special point of sale and later adapted to a particular consumer's bathroom, as follows.

A "floor sewer plate" is designed with at least two types. In one of the two types, the mark for the drain or drain is located at the center of the plate at its midpoint. In another variant, the mark for the drain or drain is located at least one-quarter of the way into the plate from one of the plate edges.

Starting from the drain hole, the adjacent plates are processed in the manner described above.

It is also possible to manufacture and assemble a flexible floor system, wherein each separate plate is manufactured in a shape having an internal volume at least partially corresponding to the volume of the at least one plate (1, 1a-1g). This circular multiple system is shown in Figures 6a-6c.

The system is constructed from a substantially square plate 1a-1g (and thus also other shapes of the plate), wherein the bottom drain or mark 2 for the drainage point is located centrally on the first plate 1b And the other plates 1a, 1c-1g continue around the first plate 1b in a radially outwardly directed pattern (see Figures 6a and 6b). The first plate 1b having a bottom drain is made in a mold. Since the bottom drain is centrally located on the first plate 1b, the radial inclination of the slopes on the other plate is the same for at least four different plates 1a, 1c-1g. These at least four additional plates are thus produced in a second mold which can be reused to form several plates. This only requires a limited amount of mold to form a flexible system with cost effective manufacturing. 6a to 6c show a maximum of seven types of plates. If necessary, the system can of course be extended to a limited number of plates.

For example, based on the size of the room and the location of the floor drain from the system of plates 1a-1g stacked and maintained at the point of sale, the end consumer or contractor may select the number of plates of each shape required to produce the floor . In the construction area, at the point of sale, or at the factory, the outer plate is cut and adapted in situ to the walls of the room (see FIG. 6C).

A major part of the present invention is to achieve a prefabricated floor with uniform circular ramps from all the points of the floor surface. The ramp starts from the point where the bottom drain is located, and the bottom is made with the least possible number of rectangular plates. In the foregoing, a floor system having one to three plates has been disclosed, but it is also possible, of course, to use more plates in the case of large floors. It is preferable that a standard size common to the plate is used during production.

Claims (19)

(1, 1a, 1b, 1c) with a mark (2) indicative of a drainage point and a first ramp at a first ramp towards the mark (2) A surface covering system intended to cover a floor, roof, or other substantially flat, limited surface, including a flat bottom surface 3 and a top surface 4;
The first inclined portion is circular and has a radial inclination a directed toward the mark 2 from all the points on the at least one plate 1, 1a, 1b and 1c, 1b, 1c, characterized in that it has at least a part of the shape of a blunt virtual cone with the cone of the pointing towards the mark (2).
The method according to claim 1,
The system comprises at least two separate plates (1a, 1b, 1c) intended to be arranged side by side, one plate (1a) having a mark (2) ) All have an upper surface (4) with a first common circular ramp having a radial gradient (?) Directed towards the mark (2) when the plates are arranged side by side.
3. The method of claim 2,
The upper surface 4 of at least one side edge of each of the plates 1a, 1b and 1c is beveled and this is achieved by the fact that the joints 6 (between the plates 1a, 1b and 1c) ) To provide a beveled notch.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
Characterized in that the second circular ramp having a second inclination (beta) greater than the first ramp (alpha) of the first circular ramp is locally closest to the mark (2) for the drainage point.
5. The method of claim 4,
Characterized in that the second ramp with an inclination (?) Extends from the mark (2) with a radius from the mark (2) to 500 mm.
6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
Characterized in that the grooves (8) are arranged in the upper surface (4) and / or the lower surface (3) of the at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c).
The method according to claim 6,
Characterized in that at least two grooves (8) are arranged crossing each other to provide a checkered pattern.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7,
Characterized in that the device for heating and / or reinforcement is intended to be located in at least one of the grooves (8).
9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8,
Characterized in that the groove (8) is intended to be filled with a liquid filler.
10. A method for preparing a surface coating system comprising at least one plate having an inclination towards a mark representing a drainage point according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
Characterized in that the preparation of the ramps on the at least one plate (1) is carried out by a manufacturing method of any of the milling, hot pressing, compression molding, or casting of the at least one plate (1).
11. The method of claim 10,
Positioning at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) on the work table,
Forming a mark (2) for at least one drainage point on at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c)
The upper part of at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) directed towards the mark (2) for the drainage point based on the desired size of the surface to which the system is adapted, the thickness of the plate, Determining a desired slope (?,?) Of the surface (4)
Preparing a desired slope (?,?) On the upper surface (4) of at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c).
12. The method of claim 11,
Characterized in that the intermediate ratio of the desired slope is achieved with a circular or linear movement starting from the mark (2) for the point of drainage.
13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 12,
Characterized in that the outer dimensions of the at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) are adapted to the desired size of the surface to which the system is to be applied after the tilted portion is prepared.
11. The method of claim 10,
Selecting a first mold comprising an internal volume at least partially corresponding to a volume of at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c)
Supplying a quantity of material corresponding to at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) to the mold.
15. The method of claim 14,
The selected molds are single or double and also indicate the drainage point towards the outer edge of the mold and the desired radial direction negative slope (α, β) determined in the direction away from the mark where the mark is projected and placed in relation to the outer edge of the mold, ≪ / RTI > wherein the at least one mold portion comprises at least one mold portion comprising a surface having a surface having a first surface and a second surface.
16. The method according to claim 14 or 15,
Selecting at least one second mold having internal volumes corresponding to the volumes of the separated second plates 1b, 1c and having inclined portions in common with the second plates,
- feeding the material to the second mold in an amount relative to the second plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c).
17. The method of claim 16,
Wherein an outer dimension of at least one mold is equal to an outer dimension of at least one second mold.
18. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 17,
And forming a hole for a drain hole in the center of the mark (2) for the drainage point.
19. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 18,
Further comprising the step of machining the grooves (8) in the upper surface (4) and / or the lower surface (3) of the at least one plate (1, 1a, 1b, 1c) And extending over the entire surface.

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