KR20150028439A - Natural flowing type crude oil loading and unloading apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a gravity flow-type loading and unloading apparatus. The gravity flow-type loading and unloading apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a loading and unloading tank arranged on the sea, and unloading crude oil from a crude oil carrier or loading the crude oil in the crude oil carrier using a siphon principle; and a tank elevation part having one side coupled to the seabed, and having the other side coupled to the loading and unloading tank and elevating the loading and unloading tank. The gravity flow-type loading and unloading apparatus using a pump with a minimum capacity is capable of loading and unloading the crude oil while floating on the sea.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a natural loading type loading / unloading apparatus,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-propelled type unloading device, and more particularly, to a self-propelled type unloading device capable of dropping crude oil using a siphon principle.

Crude oil mined offshore is transported to the landfill via oil tankers. In terms of size, tankers are the largest vessels that can pass through the Panama Canal, Panamass, which is about 70,000 tons, and 100,000 tons of vessels are called Apaparamas. The largest ship capable of passing through the Suez Canal is Suez Max, which is about 150,000 tons. Vessels up to 300,000 tons are called "very large croute oil carriers (VLCCs)" and over 300,000 tons of vessels are called "ultra large oil carriers". Tankers have also been enlarged to reduce the cost per ton of as much cargo as possible.

Unlike ordinary cargo ships, tankers have a special dock structure and various cargo handling facilities. All of these facilities are intended for the transport and unloading of liquid cargo, as well as safety equipment to prevent fire and explosion. Crude oil tankers have a large number of cargo tanks and ballast tanks on board.

Cargo oil is loaded into a cargo tank located in the center, and ballast is in principle only loaded on segregated ballast tanks located in the Yangyang. Such a structure has an advantage that marine pollution can be minimized because it is possible to prevent leakage of oil even when the outer plate is damaged due to collision and to voyage by separating ballast tank at the time of colli- sion voyage.

In addition, various kinds of pipes are installed in the oil tanker, and the most important one is the cargo oil pipe. Cargo oil pipes are usually called cargo lines or cargo pipes and are concentrated on the deck, in the tank and in the pump room.

The cargo line is arranged longitudinally on the bottom of the tank and has a suction main pipe connecting the pump and the suction branch pipe, a suction branch pipe arranged transversely to the bottom of the tank and connecting the suction main pipe and the bell mouth, and longitudinally arranged on the deck A vertically lifting pipe connecting the lifting pipe to the manifold, a vertical lifting pipe connecting the pump discharging side to the deck-side discharging pipe, a vertical pipe connecting the main suction pipe on the deck, and a vertical pipe connecting the cargo line to the on- Manifold < / RTI >

The crude oil stored in the tanker arrives at the offshore oil refinery and is transported to the crude oil storage tank through the cargo handling facility. SPM (Single Point Mooring) or Jetty is used to unload crude oil from the tanker.

The double SPM is a circular facility with a diameter of about 15 meters. It is firmly fixed to the sea floor by mooring anchors and anchor chains, and connected to a subsea pipeline leading to the land to supply crude oil to the land storage tank.

Specifically, when an oil tanker arrives, a floating hose connected to the SPM is connected to the tanker pipe to unload the crude oil from the oil tanker, and the unloaded crude oil is stored and stored in a land storage tank through a submarine pipeline installed on the sea floor.

Underwater hose is installed at the bottom of the SPM to connect the submarine pipeline to the submarine pipeline to transport crude oil unloaded from the tanker by the SPM. Thus, crude oil unloaded from tanker by SPM is sent to subsea pipeline through underwater hose.

On the other hand, a plurality of cargo pumps are provided in the pump room of the oil tanker, and the crude oil stored in the cargo tank by the operation of the cargo pump is transferred to the SPM. Since the cargo pump has to pump a large amount of viscous crude oil, the capacity and size must be large, which increases the cost of purchasing the cargo pump and occupies a large installation space. In addition, a large amount of electric power is required to drive the cargo pump. Furthermore, the conventional SPM can be used only for unloading of crude oil due to its structure, and it can be used for loading and there is a disadvantage in that there is a limit of use.

The above-described technical structure is a background technique for assisting the understanding of the present invention, and does not mean the prior art widely known in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2013-062743 (Hyundai Heavy Industries, Ltd.) 2013. 06. 13.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a self-lifting and unloading device using a minimum capacity pump, which can float not only the unloaded but also the unloaded crude oil.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic cargo handling system, comprising: a red loading / unloading tank provided at sea for unloading crude oil from a crude oil carrier using a siphon principle or loading crude oil into the crude oil carrier; And a tank lifting unit having one side coupled to the seabed and the other side connected to the red loading / unloading tank to lift / lower the red loading / unloading tank.

The foregoing red loading tank includes a tank main body in which crude oil is stored; A first siphon member which is provided in the tank main body and transfers the crude oil stored in the crude oil carrier to the tank main body by a siphon principle or transfers the crude oil stored in the tank main body to the crude oil carrier; And a second siphon member which is provided in the tank main body and transfers the crude oil stored in the tank main body to the submarine piping installed on the seabed by the siphon principle or transfers the crude oil supplied through the submarine piping to the inside of the tank main body .

The ballast tank may be provided with a ballast tank and the ballast tank may be provided with a ballast pump for pumping the ballast water stored in the ballast tank to the outside of the redocking tank when the ballasting tank is deballasting.

The red loading tank may further include a control valve provided in at least one of the first siphon member and the second siphon member to control the dropping capacity of the crude oil.

The tank elevating portion includes a main body fixed to the sea floor; A lower support part slidably supported on the main body, an upper support part coupled to the upper loading / unloading tank, and a plurality of bars hingeably connected to be folded in an X-shape; And a lifting and lowering driving member provided on the main body to lift the connecting support.

A guide member for slidably supporting a lower end of the connection support may be provided in the body.

The tank lifting unit includes: at least one column member having a lower end fixed to the sea floor; A drive motor provided on the column member to move the lifting tank up and down; And a connecting member for connecting the load / unloading tank and the driving motor.

The loading / unloading tank is provided with a plurality of rollers, an upper end of the column member protrudes above the sea surface, and an indicator lamp may be provided at the upper end.

At least one of the above-mentioned unloading tank, the crude oil carrier, and the above-mentioned unloading tank and the underwater pipe may be connected by a flexible hose.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a red loading / unloading tank provided at a sea level and using a siphon principle to load / unload crude oil, wherein the red loading / unloading tank has an inlet port for receiving crude oil from the crude oil discharge port And the outlet of the crude oil is disposed higher than the crude oil inlet of the crude oil carrier at the time of dropping the crude oil.

The embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the siphon operation of the crude oil by applying the siphon principle to the loading and unloading process of the crude oil so as to drop the crude oil using the minimum capacity pump, It is possible to provide an unloading device.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state where a natural-gravity type loading and unloading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to a crude oil carrier and a sea floor pipe.
2 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing a tank lifting part employed in the self-lifting type lifting device shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a state where crude oil is unloaded to a red loading / unloading tank using the self-draining type loading / unloading apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a state in which crude oil is dripped into a crude oil carrier using the natural-gravity type cargo handling device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a self-lifting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

In order to fully understand the present invention, operational advantages of the present invention, and objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. Like reference symbols in the drawings denote like elements.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state where a natural-gravity type loading and unloading apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is connected to a crude oil carrier and a subsea pipe, FIG. 2 is a schematic view Fig. 2 is a side cross-sectional view schematically showing the tank elevating portion.

As shown in these drawings, the self-propelled lifting device 1 according to the present embodiment is provided in the ocean, and unloads crude oil from the crude oil carrier C using the siphon principle, And a tank lifting unit 200 coupled to the underside and coupled to the upper and lower loading and unloading tanks 100 to raise and lower the loading and unloading tank 100 do.

1, the red loading / unloading tank 100 is connected to the crude oil carrier C and the bottom pipe P by a flexible hose FH and is lifted or lowered by the tank lifting / ) Is used to unload the crude oil from the crude oil carrier C or to load the crude oil with the crude oil carrier C using the siphon principle.

The principle of siphon is the principle that the liquid in two different heights flow down by the difference of atmospheric pressure. That is, in this embodiment, if the crude oil inlet port position of the red loading tank 100 is lower than the crude oil discharge port position of the crude oil carrier C, the crude oil can be unloaded to the red loading tank 100 by the siphon principle.

1, the height h of the oil level of the crude oil stored in the outlet of the crude oil carrier C and the crude oil carrier C is greater than the height h of the oil carrier of the crude oil carrier C, When the height H of the crude oil stored in the tank 100 or the height of the inner bottom of the red loading and unloading tank 100 is lower than the height H of the crude oil stored in the tank 100, When the crude oil is filled, the crude oil can be unloaded from the crude oil tanker to the unloading tank 100 by the siphon principle.

When the height of the crude oil discharge port of the red loading tank 100 is higher than the oil inlet height of the crude oil carrier C, the crude oil can be dropped from the red loading tank 100 to the crude oil carrier C by the above-

1, the red loading / unloading tank 100 includes a tank main body 110 disposed in the ocean and storing crude oil, and a tank main body 110 disposed in the tank main body 110, A first siphon member 120 for transferring the crude oil stored in the crude oil carrier C to the tank main body 110 by the siphon principle or for transferring the crude oil stored in the tank main body 110 to the crude oil carrier C, The crude oil supplied to the main body 110 by the siphon principle is transferred to the submarine piping P installed on the sea floor or the crude oil supplied through the submarine piping P to the inside of the tank main body 110 And a control valve 140 provided on at least one of the first siphon member 120 and the second siphon member 130 to control the dropping capacity of the crude oil.

The tank body 110 is disposed below the sea surface when the crude oil is unloaded from the crude oil carrier C and is lowered by the tank lifting unit 200 to be connected to the crude oil tanker 110. [ (See FIG. 3), and when the crude oil is dripped by the crude oil carrier C, it is lifted and raised by the tank lifter 200 to be located at a position higher than the crude oil carrier C (see FIG. 4) do.

In addition, a plurality of ballast tanks (not shown) may be provided in the tank body 110, and the tank body 110 may be lifted or lowered by ballasting or deballasting of a plurality of ballast tanks. have. That is, when unloading the crude oil from the crude oil carrier C, it is possible to lower the tank main body 110 by balancing a plurality of ballast tanks (ballast water is filled in the ballast tank) and drop the crude oil into the crude oil carrier C The plurality of ballast tanks may be dewaxed (the water in the ballast tanks is drained) to raise the tank body 110 to a certain height.

In this embodiment, a ballast pump (not shown), a pipe (not shown), and a valve (not shown) may be provided in the ballast tank to de-ballast the plurality of ballast tanks.

1, the first siphon member 120 is provided in the tank main body 110 and is used as a crude oil inlet when the crude oil is unloaded from the crude oil carrier C, It is used as a crude oil outlet.

In this embodiment, the first siphon member 120 may be joined to the tank body 110 in the manner of a bolt or a welded joint, and may be a pipe having an "a" shape as shown in Fig. Also, in this embodiment, the first siphon member 120 is made of a corrosion-resistant material which is exposed to seawater and can prevent corrosion due to salt.

1, the second siphon member 130 is provided in the tank main body 110 and is used as a crude oil outlet when supplying crude oil to the submarine piping P, It is used as a crude oil inlet.

In the present embodiment, the second siphon member 130 may be bolted or welded to the tank body 110 like the first siphon member 120, and may be a pipe having a " .

Meanwhile, in the present embodiment, an aberration is provided in at least one of the first siphon member 120 and the second siphon member 130, and the energy generated by the rotation of the aberration when the crude oil is completely loaded and unloaded is converted into electric energy It can also be used.

As shown in FIG. 1, the control valve 140 is provided in each of the first siphon member 120 and the second siphon member 130 to control the amount of crude oil to be loaded and unloaded.

In this embodiment, the control valve 140 may be a remote control valve operated by an electric signal transmitted from the crude oil carrier C, and may be provided to only one of the first siphon member 120 and the second siphon member 130 .

As shown in FIG. 1, the tank lifting unit 200 is provided between the red loading tank 100 and the sea floor, and serves to raise and lower the red loading tank 100 so that the siphon principle can be applied to the present embodiment.

When the crude oil is unloaded from the crude cargo carrier C to the red loading / unloading tank 100, the red loading / unloading tank 100 is lowered so that it is below the sea surface below the crude oil carrier C When the crude oil is dropped into the crude oil carrier C, the load / unload tank 100 is raised to a position higher than the crude oil carrier C (see FIG. 4).

In the present embodiment, ballasting or de-balusting of the above-described ballast tank can be performed at the same time when the red loading tank 100 is lifted or lowered.

2, the tank lifting unit 200 includes a main body 210 fixed to the sea bed, and a lower side fixed to the main body 210, The upper part of the connection support 220 is slidably coupled to the lower loading tank 100 and has a plurality of bars hinged to be hingedly connected to each other. (Not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, the main body 210 can be fixed to an undersea by an anchor or the like, and the main body 210 can be disposed on the coast because the red loading / unloading tank 100 is disposed along the coast. The main body 210 can be made of a corrosion resistant material that can be prevented from corrosion by seawater and a long slit 220 is formed on the ceiling of the main body 210 so that the connection support 220 is moved left and right with reference to FIG. ).

2, the lower end of the connection support 220 is slidably supported by a guide member 211 such as a rod provided inside the main body 210, and an upper end of the connection support 220 is connected to a lower end of the tank main body 110 And the tank body 110 is lifted and lowered.

In the present embodiment, since the end portions of the plurality of bars are hingedly coupled to each other, when the external force is applied by the elevation driving member 230, the connection support 220 may be folded or folded to lift the tank body 110 .

Also, in this embodiment, the connection support 220 may be coupled to the tank body 110 through the connection plate 240, as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the elevation driving member 230 is provided at each end of the connection support 220 to move the connection support 220 in the left and right directions with reference to FIG. 2 so that the connection support 220 is folded or unfolded .

In this embodiment, the elevation driving member 230 may be a cylinder type, the cylinder may be operated by hydraulic pressure or air pressure, and an air supply source or a hydraulic pressure supply source may be provided inside the body 210.

Hereinafter, the operating state of the present embodiment will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 3 and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a view schematically showing a state where crude oil is unloaded to a red loading / unloading tank using the self-draining type loading / unloading apparatus shown in FIG.

In order to unload the crude oil from the crude cargo carrier C to the red cargo tank 100 using the siphon principle, the height h of the red cargo tank 100 (see FIG. 1) (H, see Figure 1).

This height can be adjusted by driving the tank lifting unit 200 and ballasting or dibaling of the red loading tank 100.

3, when the height of the red loading / unloading tank 100 is arranged to be lower than the height of the crude cargo carrier C, a cargo pump (not shown) installed on the crude cargo carrier C is operated, The flexible hose FH connecting the carrier C and the red loading / unloading tank 100 is filled with crude oil. When the flexible hose FH is filled with crude oil, the crude oil stored in the crude oil carrier C is supplied to the unloading tank 100 by the siphon principle.

When the crude oil is supplied to the inside of the red loading tank 100, a pump installed inside the red loading tank 100 is operated to connect the red loading hose FH connecting the red loading tank 100 and the sea floor pipe P with crude oil Fill it. When the flexible hose FH is filled with crude oil, the crude oil supplied to the unloading tank 100 by the siphon principle can be supplied to the depot in the land. In this embodiment, a pump installed inside the red loading / unloading tank 100 may be provided in the second siphon member 130.

On the other hand, when the distance from the land is long, a transfer pump may be provided on an intermediate line of the submarine pipeline P or a submarine pipeline P immediately adjacent to the land, thereby smoothly transferring the crude oil.

FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing a state in which crude oil is dripped into a crude oil carrier using the natural-gravity type cargo handling device shown in FIG. 1;

3, the height of the red loading and unloading tank 100 must be higher than the height of the crude cargo ship C in order to unload the crude oil from the red loading tank 100 to the crude cargo ship C, as opposed to the case of FIG.

This height adjustment can be done by tank lifting part 200, dibutering of red loading tank 100, ballasting of crude oil carrier C, and so on.

4, when the height of the red loading / unloading tank 100 is adjusted to be higher than the height of the crude cargo carrier C, the pump provided in the red loading / unloading tank 100 is operated, The flexible hose FH connecting the carrier C is filled with crude oil. When the flexible hose FH is filled with crude oil, the crude oil stored in the unloading tank 100 can be supplied to the crude oil carrier C by the siphon principle.

On the other hand, the crude oil supplied from the land to the red loading tank 100 is supplied by the pumping power in the crude oil reservoir on land, so that the siphon principle does not need to be applied.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a self-lifting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

The natural descending type grave loading device 1a according to the present embodiment further includes a plurality of rollers 150 in the red loading tank 100a and the tank elevating portion 300 is fixed in the form of a column on the seabed, There is a difference from the above-described embodiment in that the tank 100a is raised and lowered.

5, a plurality of rollers 150 are provided on the side wall of the tank body 110 so as to facilitate the lifting and lowering of the tank body 110 .

The tank lifting unit 300 includes at least one column member 310 having a lower end fixed to the seabed, a driving motor 320 provided on the column member 310 to lift the lifting tank 100a, A housing 340 disposed at an upper end of the at least one column member 310 to isolate the driving motor 320 from the outside and a housing 340 And a display lamp 350 provided in the display unit 350 to display the position of the column member 310. [

In this embodiment, the connecting member 330 includes a wire or the like, and this embodiment can support and moor the lifting and lowering tank 100a with the pillar member 310, It has the advantage of being able to work more reliably.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, the siphon principle is applied to the crude unloading process of the crude oil so that the crude oil can be loaded using the minimum capacity pump, and the crude oil can be loaded not only unloaded but also loaded .

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

1,1a: Natural descending type unloading device 100,100a: Red unloading tank
110: tank body 120: first siphon member
130: second siphon member 140: control valve
150: roller 200, 300: tank lift
210: main body 220: connection support
230: lifting drive member 240: connecting plate
310: column member 320: drive motor
330: connecting member 340: housing
350: Indicator light C: Crude oil carrier
FH: Flexible hose

Claims (10)

An unloading tank provided in the ocean and unloading crude oil from a crude oil carrier using a siphon principle or loading crude oil into the crude oil carrier; And
Wherein the one side portion is coupled to the seabed and the other side portion is connected to the red loading / unloading tank to raise / lower the red loading / unloading tank. The method according to claim 1,
The above-
A tank body in which crude oil is stored;
A first siphon member which is provided in the tank main body and transfers the crude oil stored in the crude oil carrier to the tank main body by a siphon principle or transfers the crude oil stored in the tank main body to the crude oil carrier; And
And a second siphon member which is provided in the tank main body and transfers the crude oil stored in the tank main body to the submarine piping installed on the seabed by the siphon principle or transfers the crude oil supplied through the submarine piping to the inside of the tank main body A self-contained lifting device. The method according to claim 1,
The ballast tank is provided in the above-mentioned unloading tank,
Wherein the ballast tank is provided with a ballast pump for pumping the ballast water stored in the ballast tank to the outside of the redocking tank when deballasting. The method of claim 2,
The above-
Further comprising a control valve provided on at least one of the first siphon member and the second siphon member to control the dropping capacity of the crude oil. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the tank-
A body fixed to the seabed;
A lower support part slidably supported on the main body, an upper support part coupled to the upper loading / unloading tank, and a plurality of bars hingeably connected to be folded in an X-shape; And
And a lifting and lowering driving member provided on the main body for lifting and lowering the connecting support. The method of claim 5,
And a guide member for supporting the lower end of the connection support so as to be slidable is provided in the main body. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the tank-
At least one post member to which the lower end is fixed to the seabed;
A drive motor provided on the column member to move the lifting tank up and down; And
And a connecting member for connecting the load / unload tank and the drive motor. The method of claim 7,
Wherein the plurality of rollers are provided in the red loading / unloading tank,
Wherein an upper end of the column member protrudes above the sea surface and an indicator lamp is provided at the upper end. The method according to claim 1,
Wherein at least one of the crude cargo tank, the crude cargo tank, and the crude cargo tank and the bottom pipe is connected by a flexible hose. And a red loading / unloading tank provided on the sea for loading / unloading the crude oil using the siphon principle. In the loading / unloading tank, since the inlet of the crude oil is lower than the crude oil discharge port of the crude oil carrier when the crude oil is unloaded, Is disposed higher than the crude oil inlet of the crude oil carrier.

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