KR101449691B1 - Offshore platform using guide pile and method of installing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A marine platform using a guide file and an installation method thereof are disclosed. An offshore platform according to one aspect of the present invention comprises: a platform suspended on the sea; At least one guide file mounted perpendicularly to the platform, the guide file guiding vertical movement of the platform floated on the sea; And a base structure installed on the sea floor to fix the guide pile. According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of installing a maritime platform, the method comprising: towing a platform floating on a marine platform having at least one guide file to an installation position; Lowering the guide file and fixing the guide file to a base structure installed on the sea floor; And allowing the platform to move freely in a direction perpendicular to the guide pile so that the platform floating on the sea moves freely in the vertical direction along the guide pawls fixed to the base structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an offshore platform using a guide file,

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a marine platform using a guide pile for storing liquefied gas, various fluids, and various functions, and a method for installing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to a marine platform for storing and supplying liquefied natural gas And a sea platform capable of receiving the water, and a method of installing the sea platform.

Liquefied natural gas, such as liquefied natural gas, has attracted much attention as an alternative fuel due to oil prices and various environmental problems. In general, natural gas is obtained from a geological, an underground oil layer, etc., in the form of a pure gas or an associated gas provided in accordance with oil. Recently, natural gas is also being supplied from shale sediments. The gas may be conveyed in a pressurized state in a pipeline or pressure vessels. However, the most common method is to transport in liquefied form to a ship, rail or road. Liquefaction under atmospheric pressure requires cooling to approximately -163 ° C or less. In general, treatment and liquefaction processes can be performed not only on special offshore terminals but also on recently developed floating liquefaction terminals (LNG-FPSO). The transferred LNG will be "re-gasified" on land terminals or floating (FSRU) or fixed sea terminals that receive it.

Transport of liquefied natural gas is required not only for export but also for import terminals. There is a tendency to build a large transshipment terminal on the sea for various reasons. In future, a special terminal capable of supplying LNG to the front end as a clean fuel of a marine engine may be required. This may require an entirely new infrastructure as an LNG supply terminal capable of supplying LNG fuel to each vessel at major ports and shuttle fuel tanks. For safety and other advantages, it may be advantageous that the fuel terminal is located on the sea outside the port as described above.

Until now, marine LNG terminal has mainly been constructed with GBS structure (gravity based structure). As the name suggests, such a structure is seated on the seafloor and is not floated by its own weight. Since the gas is a light cargo, the GBS structure is usually made of heavy concrete and may have ballasted or piled in order not to float further. This method is particularly troublesome in coastal areas where tides are large because the buoyancy changes greatly with changes in tides. Another problem is that the unit price of GBS structure increases sharply as water depth increases. Deep depth and tide changes also make the installation task more difficult. It is therefore clear that other technical solutions to these problems are needed.

The present invention provides a marine platform using a guide file having both technical advantages of a floating type floating terminal and a fixed type terminal and a method of installing the same.

According to an aspect of the present invention, At least one guide file mounted perpendicularly to the platform, the guide file guiding vertical movement of the platform floated on the sea; And a base structure which is installed on the sea floor and on which the guide piles are fixed.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method comprising: towing a platform suspended at sea with at least one guide file to an installation location; Lowering the guide file and fixing the guide file to a base structure installed on the sea floor; And allowing the platform to move freely in a direction perpendicular to the guide pile so that the platform floated on the sea is free to move in a vertical direction along the guide pile fixed to the base structure An installation method may be provided.

The marine platform and its installation method according to the embodiments of the present invention can provide both the technical advantages of the floating terminal and the fixed terminal through the guide file fixed to the platform and the base structure floated on the sea.

That is, the technical advantages of the floating terminal make it possible to use the marine platforms in areas that are easy to move and install and where the tide changes are significant. In areas where tsunamis can occur, special protective measures such as a blue attenuation barrier may be provided for the offshore platform, or it may be possible to move to a separation and safety zone. In addition, since the installation is relatively easy and the marine platform is not moved in the horizontal direction, the shipping line or the shuttle line can safely and conveniently berth on the marine platform.

1 is a plan view schematically illustrating a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side view schematically illustrating a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a plan view schematically illustrating a base structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a side view schematically illustrating a base structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 is a side view schematically illustrating a base structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an operation diagram illustrating the fabrication of a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is an operational view illustrating launching and towing through immersion of a dry dock of a marine platform in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
8 is an operational view illustrating pile-fixing of an offshore platform in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
9 is an operational view illustrating release of a marine platform in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an operation diagram showing installation completion and use state of a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 is a plan view schematically illustrating a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a side view schematically illustrating a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the marine platform 100 according to the present embodiment may include a platform 110 and a guide file 130.

The platform 110 may form the overall appearance of the marine platform 100. The platform 110 may include a liquefied gas storage tank 120 and a guide pile 130, which will be described later. Although not shown, the platform 110 may be provided with facilities for bidding a liquefied gas transportation vessel, a gas supply facility for transporting liquefied gas, and the like.

The platform may be equipped with a system for storing, loading, or processing hydrocarbons such as liquefied gas or crude oil. In this case, the maritime platform can be used as an LNG bunkering terminal, an LNG-FSRU, a FPSO, or the like. The platform may also be equipped with a desalination system. In this case, the offshore platform can be used as a seawater desalination plant. The platform may also be equipped with a storage or loading system for cargo. In this case, the maritime platform can be used as a mobile harbor. In addition to the above examples, various types of systems may be provided in the platform depending on the use thereof. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, a case where a liquefied gas storage tank is provided on a platform and a maritime platform is used as an LNG bunkering terminal will be exemplified.

On the other hand, the platform 110 is formed to float on the sea. That is, the marine platform 100 according to the present embodiment can be formed as a terminal of a type that the platform 110 floats on the sea and can be moved by a tugboat or the like.

At this time, the platform 110 may be formed of at least one of steel, high-strength concrete and water-tightly coated lightweight concrete. Waterproof coated lightweight concrete can be formed by sandwich panel structure by watertight coating both sides of lightweight concrete. Alternatively, the sandwich panel may be formed by making outer skins with a material such as steel and casting the concrete into the skins. In this case, the skins can function not only as structural reinforcements for concrete but also as watertight barriers. In addition, the above water-tight coating may include a polymer coating in which the inside and the outside of the lightweight concrete are coated with a polymer such as epoxy.

The liquefied gas storage tank 120 may be mounted to the platform 110. The liquefied gas storage tank 120 may be manufactured with the platform 110, or may be manufactured separately from the platform 110 and mounted on the platform 110. A plurality of liquefied gas storage tanks 120 may also be mounted on the platform 110. In the case of this embodiment, a total of five liquefied gas storage tanks 120 are mounted on the platform 110. However, the number and the capacity of the liquefied gas storage tanks 120 to be mounted may be changed as needed, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples.

The liquefied gas may be stored in the heat-treated liquefied gas storage tank 120. At this time, the stored liquefied gas may include at least one of liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and natural gas liquid (NGL). When the stored liquefied gas is a liquefied gas at a very low temperature, the liquefied gas storage tank 120 may be provided with a heat insulating means. For example, in the case where liquefied natural gas is stored, the liquefied gas storage tank 120 may be provided with insulation means made of INVAR or stainless steel, heat insulation made of plywood or polyurethane foam, or the like.

The guide file 130 may be mounted to the platform 110 to guide the vertical movement of the platform 110. More specifically, the guide pawls 130 may extend in the vertical direction and may be mounted perpendicularly to the platform 110. The lower end of the guide file 130 may be piled on the undersurface. Alternatively, the lower end of the guide file 130 may be fixed to the sea floor through a base structure 140, which will be described later. The underside base structure 140 is intended to provide a fast and safe installation and to provide enhanced strength and stability against long-term horizontal loads acting on the hull according to waves or current. The guide file 130 guides the vertical movement of the platform 110 floating on the sea while the lower end thereof is fixed to the sea floor or the base structure 140.

Meanwhile, a plurality of guide files 130 may be mounted on the platform 110. In the present embodiment, a total of twelve guide files 130 are mounted on both sides of the platform 110. FIG. However, the number of the guide files 130 may be increased or decreased as necessary, and is not limited to the above example.

The plurality of guide files 130 may be spaced a predetermined distance along the longitudinal direction of the platform 110. In addition, the plurality of guide files 130 may be disposed on both sides of the platform 110 so as to correspond to each other. In this embodiment, six guide files 130 are disposed on both sides of the platform 110, respectively.

The plurality of guide files 130 may be disposed at predetermined intervals along the longitudinal direction of the platform 110. In addition, the plurality of guide files 130 may be arranged to face each other on both sides of the platform 110. In this embodiment, six guide pawls 130 are mounted on both sides of the platform 120, respectively.

In addition, a file sliding portion 111 may be formed on the platform 110 to mount the guide file 130. A plurality of file sliding parts 111 may be formed. In this embodiment, six file sliding portions 111 are formed on both sides of the platform 110 so as to correspond to the guide file 130, respectively.

The file sliding part 111 fixed to the platform 110 and disposed outside the platform 110 can perform a function of holding the platform 110 to the guide file 130 on a horizontal plane. At the same time, the file sliding portion 111 can allow vertical movement along the tide or wave. The attachment of the file sliding portion 110 to the outside of the platform 110 facilitates replacement of old or damaged parts. This design may also enable complete separation of the entire platform 110 during emergency isolation in situations such as repair in a yard or tsunamis.

However, as another embodiment, the file sliding portion 111 may be disposed in the platform 110.

3 is a plan view schematically illustrating a base structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a side view schematically illustrating a base structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3 and 4, the base structure 140 may be installed on the seabed before the platform 110 is moved to the installation location. Subsoil soil in the local area needs to be prepared by planarization. After the base structure 140 is lowered to the installation position, the fixing file 141 may be ramming down and fixed to the underside. The fixed file 141 may also be clamped to the base structure 140 by the clamping device 141a after it has been clamped. The fixing file 141 prevents the base structure 140 from moving and ensures sufficient strength and horizontal supporting force.

After the fixing process of the base structure 140 through the fixing file 141, the cover stones layer or the thick gravel layer 10 surrounds the base structure 140 and the bottom surface between the bottom surface and the base structure 140 And dropped on top of it. A rock cover layer or coarse gravel layer may protect foundations containing the base structure 140 or surface soil from corrosion caused by local flow conditions, currents, large waves, and the like. The size and weight of each rock or gravel in the rock cover or gravel layer (10) should be sufficient to withstand fluid drag or lift off.

The guide file 130 may be lowered to the corresponding opening of the base structure 140 and then secured to the base structure 140 by the pile mounting portion 142. A file mount 142 may be formed for securing to the base structure 140. The file mounting portion 142 may include stiff guide tubes 142. The reinforcing guide tube 142 may extend in the vertical direction. The lower end of the guide file 130 may be inserted into the reinforcing guide tube 142 and the lower end thereof may be fixed to the base structure 140 by being installed and fixed to the base structure 140. Further, a plurality of reinforcing guide tubes 142 may be formed. The plurality of reinforcing guide tubes 142 may be formed to correspond to the plurality of guide piles 130 mounted on the platform 110.

In this embodiment, a total of twelve guide filings 130 are provided, and a total of twelve reinforced guide tubes 142 are provided in the base structure 140. In this case,

5, in another embodiment, the base structure 140 may include an additional stiffening structure 143. As shown in FIG. In this case, the reinforcing guide tube 142 may be supported by the additional reinforcing structure 143. Therefore, the structural strength of the reinforcing guide tube 142 can be increased. Further, for application in deep sea environments, the base structure 140 may extend to a sufficient height above the seabed.

In addition, although not shown, the marine platform 100 according to the present embodiment may further include a ballast tank.

The ballast tank may be formed on one side of the platform 110, and a plurality of ballast tanks may be formed as needed. The ballast tank can control the balance of the platform 110 through the inflow and outflow of seawater. For example, the ballast tanks may be used to maintain the length or width balance of the platform 110 when the amount of storage of each liquefied gas storage tank 120 is different. In addition, the ballast tank may be used to adjust the draft of the floating platform 110 at sea to reduce the buzzing of the platform 110 due to the blues or the like.

Hereinafter, a method of installing a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 is an operation diagram illustrating the fabrication of a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the installation method of the marine platform according to the present embodiment may include a manufacturing step. In the manufacturing stage, the platform 110 having the liquefied gas storage tank 120 and the guide pile 130 can be manufactured. Since the liquefied gas storage tank 120, the guide pile 130, and the platform 110 have been described above, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

Meanwhile, the liquefied gas storage tank 120 may be manufactured together with the platform 110 or may be manufactured separately from the platform 110 and then mounted on the platform 110. For example, when a spherical tank of a moss type known as a liquefied gas storage tank 120 is applied, the liquefied gas storage tank 120 is manufactured separately from the platform 110, Or may be mounted on the platform 110 in a skid in mode. On the other hand, when a membrane type known as the liquefied gas storage tank 120 is applied, the liquefied gas storage tank 120 may be manufactured together with the platform 110 in the process of manufacturing the platform 110.

On the other hand, the manufacturing steps can be performed in a dry dock on the land. That is, the marine platform 100 according to the present embodiment is configured such that the liquefied gas storage tank 120, the platform 110, and the guide pile 130 are completely manufactured in the dry dock onshore, Can be moved. Therefore, marine work can be minimized. In addition, since the production work is carried out in the dry dock on the land, the production is easy and the advantage of the land working can be fully utilized.

However, if necessary, the manufacturing steps may be performed at sea. For example, the fabrication steps may be performed in a floating dock in the sea, and are not limited to dry docks on the land.

Figure 7 is an operational view illustrating launching and towing through immersion of a dry dock of a marine platform in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 7, the installation method of the marine platform according to the present embodiment may include a launching step. At the launching stage, the manufactured platform 110 floats on the sea. More specifically, when the platform 110 is manufactured to an intended extent, the gate and gate are opened and the seawater is introduced into the dock, thereby causing the platform 110 to float on the sea.

Meanwhile, the installation method of the marine platform according to the present embodiment may include a towing step. In the towing step, after the launching step, the platform 110 is moved to the installation position. In this process, the platform 110 floats on the sea and is guided to the installation location by one or more tugboats 20 or the like.

In this case, the guide file 130 may be moved to the upper side of the platform 110. Preferably, the launching and towing steps may be performed in a state where the guide file 130 does not protrude below the line bottom of the platform 110. This is to reduce the draft of the platform 110 during the towing process and to prevent grounding due to the guide pawls 130 while the platform 110 floats and is moved by the tugboat 20 or the like. to be.

A vertical movement unit may be used for vertical movement or fixation of the guide file 130. That is, the guide file 130 can be moved upwardly from the platform 110 by a vertical moving part, such as a rack and pinion system, . ≪ / RTI >

8 is an operational view illustrating pile-fixing of an offshore platform in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, the method of installing the marine platform according to the present embodiment may include a file fixing step. In the file fixing step, an operation of fixing the guide file 130 to the substructure and the sea floor can be performed. More specifically, when the platform 110 is delivered to the installation position, the guide pile 130 is lowered. In this process, the guide file 130 can be lowered through the vertical moving part such as the above-described rack-pinion system. When the guide file 130 descends to the sea floor, the guide file 130 is guided by the reinforcing guide tube 142 provided in the base structure 140 and mounted on the reinforcing guide tube 142. In this way, the lower end of the guide pile 130 is fixed or fastened to the base structure 140.

In this case, the installation method of the marine platform according to the present embodiment may further include a base installing step of installing the base structure 140. In the base mounting step, the base structure 140 can be made and installed. The base mounting step may be performed with the towing step or may be performed prior to the towing step. More preferably, the base mounting step may be performed prior to the file fixing step of fixing the guide pile 130 to the base structure 140.

The base structure 140 may be manufactured on land or in the sea and the installation of the base structure 140 may include a series of operations for moving the base structure 140 and installing the base structure 140 on the sea floor. In addition, the installation of the base structure 140 may include a series of operations for fixing the base structure 140 to the sea floor through the fixing file 141.

Meanwhile, when the base structure 140 is installed on the sea floor as described above, the guide pile 130 is fastened to the base structure 140 and fixed to the sea floor.

9 is an operational view illustrating release of a marine platform in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 9, the method of installing the marine platform according to the present embodiment may include a releasing step. Since the guide file 130 is fixed to the base structure 140 and the undersurface, a typical approach is to separate the outer file sliding portion 111 from the platform 110, The terminal may be pulled or pushed between the two.

When the guide file 130 is released from the platform 110, the platform 110 may float on the sea. Further, the lower end of the guide pile 130 is fixed to the base structure 140, so that the vertical pile can be maintained. In addition, the platform 110 may be moved in a vertical direction along the guide file 130. [ That is, the heave motion of the floating platform 110 at the sea can be guided by the guide file 130. In addition, the width or longitudinal motion of the platform 110 may be limited to a predetermined degree.

That is, the reciprocal motion (Surge) or the rotational motion (Roll) of the longitudinal axis, the reciprocal motion (Sway) or the rotational motion (Pitch) of the transverse axis can be limited to a predetermined degree. As a result, only 6 of the 6 degrees of freedom motion are left unrestricted. The rotational motion (Yaw) of the vertical axis can also be limited to a predetermined degree. The constraint effect on the five degrees of freedom may vary depending on the actual geometric connection structure between the guide file 130 and the platform 110 or the flexibility of the guide file 130 itself.

As a result, in the above case, due to the guide file 130, the platform 110 mainly repeats only vertical or depthwise reciprocation (Heave). In particular, the platform 110 can be freely moved up and down according to the tide. Therefore, the marine platform 100 according to the present embodiment can easily berthing or mooring a transportation line, a shuttle line, or the like. Also, sloshing in the liquefied gas storage tank 120 can be reduced because the platform 110 repeats only reciprocating motion in the vertical direction, thereby preventing breakage of the liquefied gas storage tank 120 .

FIG. 10 is an operation diagram showing installation completion and use state of a marine platform according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 10, the installed marine platform 100 is properly positioned at a predetermined position for operation. The liquefied gas can be loaded or unloaded from the sea platform 100 provided with the transportation line 30 for transporting the liquefied gas at the supply site or the shuttle line 40 for transporting the liquefied gas to the customer, unloading, transportation and so on. As described above, since the shaking motion of the platform 110 is strongly restricted by the guide file 130, the marine platform 100 according to the present embodiment can be mounted on the ship 30, the shuttle line 40, .

On the other hand, when the transportation line 30 or the shuttle line 40 is bound to the sea platform 100, the platform 110, the transportation line 30 and the shuttle line 40 of the sea platform 100 move together in the vertical direction So that they can all be bound to the same horizontal position. Therefore, it is preferable that the guide file 130 is designed not only for the loads of the platform 110 and the liquefied gas storage tank 120, but also for the load caused by the transportation line 30 or one or more shuttle lines 40.

As described above, the marine platform and the installation method thereof according to the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to the technical advantages of the floating terminal and the fixed terminal through the platform 110 floating on the sea and the guide file 130 fixed on the sea floor Can be provided.

That is, the technical advantages of the floating terminal make it easy to move and install, and can be applied in areas where the tide changes. In addition, if an emergency such as a tsunami occurs or if repair is required, the terminal can be moved from the installation location. For example, in the marine platform 100 of this embodiment, by separating the file attaching portion 111, to which the guide file 130 is fastened, from the platform 110, . On the other hand, due to the technical advantages of the stationary terminal, mooring is easy, and ships and shuttle ships can easily berth.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, many modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The present invention can be variously modified and changed by those skilled in the art, and it is also within the scope of the present invention.

100: marine platform 110: platform
120: liquefied gas storage tank 130: guide pile
140: base structure

Claims (14)

A platform installed to float on the sea;
A plurality of guide files mounted perpendicularly to the platform, the guide files guiding vertical movement of the platform floating on the sea; And
And a base structure installed on the sea floor to fix the plurality of guide piles,
Wherein the platform is formed of a lightweight concrete that is horizontally restricted in motion by the plurality of guide piles and autonomously moves along the plurality of guide piles in accordance with the swinging of the sea surface in a vertical direction,
Wherein each guide file is mounted on the platform so as to be movable in a direction perpendicular to the platform,
The base structure includes at least one file mounting portion fixed to the sea floor by at least one fixing file and to which the guide file is mounted, and the file mounting portion includes a marine platform including a stiff guide tube, . The method according to claim 1,
The platform comprises:
A marine platform on which at least one of a liquefied gas storage, loading or processing system, a hydrocarbon storage, loading or processing system, a cargo storage or loading system is mounted. The method of claim 2,
The liquefied gas,
A marine platform comprising at least one of liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and natural gas liquid (NGL). delete delete The method according to claim 1,
Wherein the guide file is mounted on opposite sides of the platform opposite to each other. delete delete The method according to claim 1,
The base structure includes:
A marine platform further comprising an additional reinforcement structure to extend a predetermined height above the seabed surface to increase the bearing capacity against the horizontal force in deep sea environment applications. The method according to claim 1,
And one or more ballast tanks formed on the platform. A plurality of file attaching portions to which a guide file is mounted, wherein each of the file attaching portions is provided with a reinforcing guide tube;
Towing a platform formed of a waterproof concrete coated with lightweight concrete with the plurality of guide piles floating on the sea to an installation position;
Lowering the plurality of guide files and fixing the guide files to the respective file mounting portions of the base structure; And
The platform moves in the horizontal direction and the horizontal movement of the platform floating on the sea is restricted by the plurality of guide files while the platform floating on the sea moves along the plurality of guide files So as to allow autonomous motion in a vertical direction. The method of claim 11,
And covering the base structure and the surrounding area with gravel or rock to protect and prevent submarine corrosion. The method of claim 11,
And releasing some of the plurality of guide files from the platform or the base structure for inspection, repair or replacement of each guide file. The method of claim 11,
And releasing all of the plurality of guide files from the platform or the base structure for movement of the platform.

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