KR20150010016A - Organic electroluminescent device - Google Patents
Organic electroluminescent device Download PDFInfo
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- KR20150010016A KR20150010016A KR20130083982A KR20130083982A KR20150010016A KR 20150010016 A KR20150010016 A KR 20150010016A KR 20130083982 A KR20130083982 A KR 20130083982A KR 20130083982 A KR20130083982 A KR 20130083982A KR 20150010016 A KR20150010016 A KR 20150010016A
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- 0 *c(cc1)ccc1N(C(C1CC=C2C=C3)=CC=C(C=C4)C1=C2C4=C3N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 Chemical compound *c(cc1)ccc1N(C(C1CC=C2C=C3)=CC=C(C=C4)C1=C2C4=C3N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 0.000 description 7
- RSUYVMYVNOTQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1c(cccc2)c2c(-c2c(ccc(-c3cc(-c4cccc5c4[o]c4c5cccc4)ccc3)c3)c3ccc2)c2c1cccc2 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1c(cccc2)c2c(-c2c(ccc(-c3cc(-c4cccc5c4[o]c4c5cccc4)ccc3)c3)c3ccc2)c2c1cccc2 RSUYVMYVNOTQRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBDVAJZJDGEDMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1c(cc2)ccc2C#N)c2ccccc2N1c1ccc(cc2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1ccccc1)c1cc(C#N)ccc1 Chemical compound CC(C)(C1c(cc2)ccc2C#N)c2ccccc2N1c1ccc(cc2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1ccccc1)c1cc(C#N)ccc1 VBDVAJZJDGEDMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSEJRQLHCCVAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1c2ccccc2)c(cc(cc2)C#N)c2N1c1ccc(cc2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccn1 Chemical compound CC(C)(C1c2ccccc2)c(cc(cc2)C#N)c2N1c1ccc(cc2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccn1 RSEJRQLHCCVAIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXHQATQDKXZQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1c2ccccc2)c(cc(cc2)C#N)c2N1c1ccc(cc2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1cccnc1)C1=CCCC=C1 Chemical compound CC(C)(C1c2ccccc2)c(cc(cc2)C#N)c2N1c1ccc(cc2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1cccnc1)C1=CCCC=C1 MXHQATQDKXZQAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUMHVDWSNPZDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C1)c2c3c4c1ccc(N(C(CCC=C1)=C1F)c1ccccc1)c4ccc3ccc2-c(cc1)ccc1N1C2C=CC=CC2(C)CC1 Chemical compound CC(C1)c2c3c4c1ccc(N(C(CCC=C1)=C1F)c1ccccc1)c4ccc3ccc2-c(cc1)ccc1N1C2C=CC=CC2(C)CC1 AUMHVDWSNPZDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUWOAJPIRJHUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CC(C1C2C=C3)=CC=C2N(CC2)c4c2cccc4)c2c1c3ccc2N(c1ccc(C)cc1)c1ccc(C)cc1 Chemical compound CC(CC(C1C2C=C3)=CC=C2N(CC2)c4c2cccc4)c2c1c3ccc2N(c1ccc(C)cc1)c1ccc(C)cc1 WUWOAJPIRJHUHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MQTNRSBGQAQFRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CC=C1)C(C)(CC2)C1N2c1ccc(CC2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1cc(F)cc(F)c1)c1cc(F)cc(F)c1 Chemical compound CC(CC=C1)C(C)(CC2)C1N2c1ccc(CC2)c3c1ccc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1cc(F)cc(F)c1)c1cc(F)cc(F)c1 MQTNRSBGQAQFRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRQNSKNUVCTGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(CC=C1)C(CC2)C1(C)N2C1=CCC(C)(C=C2)C3=C1C(C)Cc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1cc(C)cc(C)c1)C1=CC(C)(C)CC(C)=C1 Chemical compound CC(CC=C1)C(CC2)C1(C)N2C1=CCC(C)(C=C2)C3=C1C(C)Cc(cc1)c3c2c1N(c1cc(C)cc(C)c1)C1=CC(C)(C)CC(C)=C1 SRQNSKNUVCTGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MITLNNQJQNBIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cc1cc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(c3c4cc5)ccc4N(c4ccccc4)c4cc(C)cc(C)c4)c3c5cc2)cc(C)c1 Chemical compound Cc1cc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(c3c4cc5)ccc4N(c4ccccc4)c4cc(C)cc(C)c4)c3c5cc2)cc(C)c1 MITLNNQJQNBIFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPCHNZDCUARXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)cc2c1NCCC2 Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)cc2c1NCCC2 YPCHNZDCUARXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUBIGQKOGCAEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c(cc1)ccc1C#N)c1c(ccc2cccc(cc3)c22)c2c3cc1 Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c(cc1)ccc1C#N)c1c(ccc2cccc(cc3)c22)c2c3cc1 CUBIGQKOGCAEBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYPLUOKCGMJRAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1cc(-c2ccccc2)cc(-c2ccccc2)c1)c1c(ccc(c2c3cc4)ccc3N(CCC3)c(cc5)c3cc5C#N)c2c4cc1 Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1cc(-c2ccccc2)cc(-c2ccccc2)c1)c1c(ccc(c2c3cc4)ccc3N(CCC3)c(cc5)c3cc5C#N)c2c4cc1 XYPLUOKCGMJRAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAZJLFVQKFDAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c(cc1)c(C=CC(C23)C=C4)c2c1C=CC3=C4N(c1ccccc1)c(cc1)ccc1C#N Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c(cc1)c(C=CC(C23)C=C4)c2c1C=CC3=C4N(c1ccccc1)c(cc1)ccc1C#N PAZJLFVQKFDAJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVLWDYYYVWTSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c1c(ccc2ccc(-c3cc(-[n]4c(cccc5)c5c5c4cccc5)ccc3)c(cc3)c22)c2c3cc1 Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c1c(ccc2ccc(-c3cc(-[n]4c(cccc5)c5c5c4cccc5)ccc3)c(cc3)c22)c2c3cc1 GVLWDYYYVWTSMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZECVIZOLJWMLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c1c(ccc2cccc(cc3)c22)c2c3cc1 Chemical compound N#Cc(cc1)ccc1N(c1ccccc1)c1c(ccc2cccc(cc3)c22)c2c3cc1 JZECVIZOLJWMLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VJMVICKPPDYDLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc1cc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(c3c4cc5)ccc4Br)c3c5cc2)ccc1 Chemical compound N#Cc1cc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(c3c4cc5)ccc4Br)c3c5cc2)ccc1 VJMVICKPPDYDLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIMCLPPRTWBGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc1cccc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(c3c4cc5)ccc4-[n]4c6ccccc6cc4-c4ccccc4)c3c5cc2)c1 Chemical compound N#Cc1cccc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(c3c4cc5)ccc4-[n]4c6ccccc6cc4-c4ccccc4)c3c5cc2)c1 LIMCLPPRTWBGQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZZLUKAEAMFEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N#Cc1cccc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(cc3)c4c(cc5)c3N(CCCc3c6)c3ccc6C#N)c4c5cc2)c1 Chemical compound N#Cc1cccc(N(c2ccccc2)c2c(ccc(cc3)c4c(cc5)c3N(CCCc3c6)c3ccc6C#N)c4c5cc2)c1 QZZLUKAEAMFEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQDUJRSDELKITF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oc(c(-c1cc2cccc(-c3c(cccc4)c4c(-c4ccccc4)c4c3cccc4)c2cc1)c(c(O)c1O)O)c1O Chemical compound Oc(c(-c1cc2cccc(-c3c(cccc4)c4c(-c4ccccc4)c4c3cccc4)c2cc1)c(c(O)c1O)O)c1O NQDUJRSDELKITF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VWXCROUBVSJYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N c(cc1)ccc1-c1c(cccc2)c2c(-c2c(ccc(-c3c4[nH]c(cccc5)c5c4ccc3)c3)c3ccc2)c2c1cccc2 Chemical compound c(cc1)ccc1-c1c(cccc2)c2c(-c2c(ccc(-c3c4[nH]c(cccc5)c5c4ccc3)c3)c3ccc2)c2c1cccc2 VWXCROUBVSJYKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09K11/00—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials
- C09K11/06—Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent materials containing organic luminescent materials
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 도판트 화합물 및 호스트 화합물을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising a dopant compound and a host compound.
표시 소자 중, 전기 발광 소자(electroluminescence device: EL device)는 자체 발광형 표시 소자로서 시야각이 넓고 콘트라스트가 우수할 뿐만 아니라 응답속도가 빠르다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 1987년 이스트만 코닥(Eastman Kodak)사는 발광층 형성용 재료로서 저분자인 방향족 디아민과 알루미늄 착물을 이용하고 있는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 처음으로 개발하였다[Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913, 1987].Among the display elements, electroluminescence devices (EL devices) are self-luminous display devices having a wide viewing angle, excellent contrast, and fast response speed. In 1987, Eastman Kodak Company developed an organic electroluminescent device using an aromatic diamine and an aluminum complex having low molecular weight as a light emitting layer forming material [Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913, 1987].
유기 전계 발광 소자는 액정 디스플레이(LCD)에 비해 원가 및 재료비를 절감할 수 있으며, 시야각이 넓고, 명암비가 우수하며, 응답속도가 빠른 장점이 있다. 유기 전계 발광 소자는 최초 개발 이후 효율을 80배 이상, 수명을 100배 이상 향상시키는 급격한 기술발전을 이루어 왔다.Organic electroluminescent devices can reduce cost and material cost compared to liquid crystal displays (LCDs), have wide viewing angles, excellent contrast ratio, and fast response times. Organic electroluminescent devices have undergone dramatic technological advances that have improved efficiency by more than 80 times and lifetimes by more than 100 times.
또한, 유기 전계 발광 소자는 디스플레이의 대형화가 유리하여 40인치 유기 전계 발광 소자 패널이 발표되는 등 대형화가 급속하게 진행되고 있다. 그러나, 대형화를 위해서는 소자의 수명 향상 및 발광 효율의 증대가 수반되어야 한다.In addition, the organic electroluminescent device is advantageous in large-sized display, and a 40-inch organic electroluminescent device panel has been announced, and the size of the organic electroluminescent device is rapidly increasing. However, in order to increase the size, it is necessary to improve the lifetime of the device and increase the luminous efficiency.
유기 전계 발광 소자의 수명 향상을 위하여는 소자의 구동시 발생하는 줄열(Joule heat)로 인해 재료가 결정화되는 것을 방지하여야 한다. 따라서, 전자의 주입 및 이동성이 우수하며, 전기화학적 안정성이 높은 유기 화합물에 대한 개발이 필요하다.In order to improve the lifetime of the organic electroluminescent device, it is necessary to prevent crystallization of the material due to joule heat generated when the device is driven. Therefore, it is necessary to develop organic compounds having excellent electron injection and mobility and high electrochemical stability.
한편, 유기 전계 발광 소자의 발광 효율을 결정하는 가장 중요한 요인은 발광 재료이다. 발광 재료는 발광 메커니즘에 따라 일중항 상태의 엑시톤을 이용하는 형광과 삼중항 상태를 이용하는 인광으로 나눌 수 있는데, 대체적으로, 인광을 이용하는 유기 전계 발광 소자는 수명이 짧다는 단점이 있어 현재까지도 형광 재료가 널리 사용되고 있다.On the other hand, the most important factor determining the luminous efficiency of an organic electroluminescent device is a light emitting material. The light emitting material can be divided into fluorescence using a singlet state exciton and phosphorescent light using a triplet state depending on a light emitting mechanism. Generally, an organic electroluminescent device using phosphorescence has a short life, Widely used.
또한, 발광 재료로서 호스트/도판트 시스템을 사용할 수 있다. 발광 재료로서 하나의 물질만 사용하는 경우 분자간 상호 작용에 의하여 최대 발광 파장이 장파장으로 이동하고 색순도가 떨어지거나 발광 감쇄 효과로 소자의 효율이 감소되는 문제가 발생한다. 호스트/도판트 시스템은 색순도를 증가시키고 에너지 전이를 통한 발광 효율과 안정성을 증가시키는 측면에서 유리하다.Further, a host / dopant system can be used as a light emitting material. When only one material is used as the light emitting material, there arises a problem that the maximum light emission wavelength shifts to a long wavelength due to intermolecular interaction, the color purity drops, or the efficiency of the device decreases due to the light emission attenuation effect. A host / dopant system is advantageous in terms of increasing color purity and increasing luminescence efficiency and stability through energy transfer.
청색 형광 호스트 재료의 경우, 이데미쓰 고산의 4,4'-비스(2,2'-디페닐비닐)-1,1'-비페닐(DPVBi) 이후로 많은 재료들이 개발되어 상업화되어 있으며, 이데미쓰 고산의 청색 재료 시스템과 코닥의 디나프틸안트라센, 테트라(t-부틸)페릴렌 시스템 등이 알려져 있으나, 소자에서 보다 좋은 특성을 나타낼 수 있는 청색 형광 호스트 재료를 개발하기 위하여 현재에도 많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다.In the case of blue fluorescent host materials, many materials have been developed and commercialized since 4,4'-bis (2,2'-diphenylvinyl) -1,1'-biphenyl (DPVBi) in Idemitsu Kosan The blue material system of Mitsubosan Corporation, the dinaphthylanthracene system and the tetra (t-butyl) perylene system of Kodak are known, but many researches have been made to develop a blue fluorescent host material which can exhibit better characteristics in the device .
형광성 도판트로서는 요구되는 발광색에 맞게 아민계 화합물, 방향족 화합물, 트리스(8-퀴놀리노레이트)알루미늄 착체 등의 킬레이트 착체, 쿠마린 유도체, 테트라페닐부타디엔 유도체, 비스스티릴아릴렌 유도체, 옥사디아졸 유도체 등의 화합물을 선택할 수 있다.Examples of the fluorescent dopant include an amine compound, an aromatic compound, a chelate complex such as a tris (8-quinolinolate) aluminum complex, a coumarin derivative, a tetraphenylbutadiene derivative, a bistyrylarylene derivative, an oxadiazole derivative Can be selected.
한편, 기존의 도판트 화합물과 호스트 화합물을 함유하는 발광재료를 유기 전계 발광 소자에 적용하는 경우, 발광 효율, 전력 효율 및 작동 수명 측면 등에서 만족스럽지 못한 문제점을 나타내었다. 특히, 우수한 수명 특성을 가지면서 청색 발광을 나타내는 발광층을 얻는 데 어려움이 있었다.On the other hand, when a conventional light emitting material containing a dopant compound and a host compound is applied to an organic electroluminescent device, the organic electroluminescent device has a disadvantage in terms of luminous efficiency, power efficiency, and operating life. Particularly, it has been difficult to obtain a light emitting layer exhibiting blue light emission with excellent lifetime characteristics.
본 발명의 목적은 첫째, 기판 상의 양극과 음극 사이에 유기물층이 삽입된 유기 전계 발광 소자에 있어서, 상기 유기물층이 호스트 화합물 하나 이상과 도판트 화합물 하나 이상이 함유된 발광층을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제공하는 것이며,An object of the present invention is firstly to provide an organic electroluminescent device in which an organic material layer is interposed between a cathode and a cathode on a substrate, wherein the organic material layer comprises an organic electroluminescent device comprising at least one host compound and at least one dopant compound, In addition,
둘째, 뛰어난 발광효율, 우수한 색순도, 낮은 구동전압 및 양호한 구동수명을 갖는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제공하는 것이다.
Second, an organic electroluminescent device having excellent luminescent efficiency, excellent color purity, low driving voltage and good driving life is provided.
상기의 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 하기 화학식 1로 표시되는 1종 이상의 호스트 화합물 및 하기 화학식 2 로 표시되는 1종 이상의 도판트 화합물을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an organic electroluminescent device comprising at least one host compound represented by the following general formula (1) and at least one dopant compound represented by the following general formula (2).
[화학식 1][Chemical Formula 1]
상기 화학식 1에서,In Formula 1,
R1 내지 R18은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 할로겐, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C3-C30)사이클로알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C30)알콕시, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, -SiR31R32R33, 시아노 또는 하이드록시이거나; R1 내지 R5 및 R14 내지 R18은 인접한 치환체와 연결되어 (3-30 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 스피로 구조를 형성할 수 있으며, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 질소, 산소 및 황으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자로 대체될 수 있고;R 1 to R 18 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C 3 -C 30) cycloalkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) unsubstituted (3-30 membered) heteroaryl, -SiR 31 R 32 R 33, cyano or hydroxy, or; R 1 to R 5 and R 14 to R 18 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring of (3-30 member) An atom may form a spiro structure and the carbon atom of the ring formed may be replaced by one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur;
R31 내지 R33은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 할로겐, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴이며;R 31 to R 33 each independently represent hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 30) aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted ) Heteroaryl;
Ar1 및 Ar2는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30원)헤테로아릴이거나; Ar1 및 Ar2는 인접한 치환체와 연결되어 (3-30 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 스피로 구조를 형성할 수 있으며, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 질소, 산소 및 황으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자로 대체될 수 있고, 단, Ar1 및 Ar2가 동시에 수소는 아니며;Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 30) aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted (3-30 membered) heteroaryl; Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring of (3-30 membered), and the carbon atoms of the ring formed form a spiro structure And the carbon atoms of the ring formed may be replaced by one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur provided that Ar 1 and Ar 2 are not simultaneously hydrogen;
상기 헤테로아릴은 B, N, O, S, P(=O), Si 및 P로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자를 포함한다.The heteroaryl includes at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, P (= O), Si and P.
[화학식 2](2)
상기 화학식 2에서,In Formula 2,
Ar3은 치환 또는 비치환된 파이렌이고;Ar 3 is substituted or unsubstituted pyrene;
L은 단일결합, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴렌, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴렌이며;L is a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted (3-30 membered) heteroarylene;
Ar4 및 Ar5은 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30원)헤테로아릴이거나; Ar4 및 Ar5가 질소 원자와 함께 연결되어 (3-30 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소원자는 질소, 산소 및 황으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자로 대체될 수 있고;Ar 4 and Ar 5 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted (3-30 membered heteroaryl); Ar 4 and Ar 5 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to form a (3-30 membered) substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring, and the carbon atoms of the ring formed may be nitrogen, Lt; / RTI > may be replaced by one or more heteroatoms selected from sulfur;
n은 1 내지 3의 정수이며, n이 2 이상인 경우, 각각의 는 동일하거나 상이할 수 있다.
n is an integer of 1 to 3, and when n is 2 or more, May be the same or different.
본 발명에 따른 유기 전계 발광 소자는 특정 도판트 화합물과 호스트 화합물의 조합을 함유함으로써 소자가 뛰어난 발광효율, 우수한 색순도, 낮은 구동전압 및 양호한 구동수명을 나타내는 장점이 있다.
The organic electroluminescent device according to the present invention has an advantage of exhibiting excellent luminous efficiency, excellent color purity, low driving voltage and good driving life by containing a combination of a specific dopant compound and a host compound.
이하에서 본 발명을 더욱 상세히 설명하나, 이는 설명을 위한 것으로 본 발명의 범위를 제한하는 방법으로 해석되어서는 안 된다.The present invention will now be described in more detail, but this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
본 발명은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 1종 이상의 호스트 화합물 및 상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 1종 이상의 도판트 화합물을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent device comprising at least one host compound represented by the general formula (1) and at least one dopant compound represented by the general formula (2).
상기 화학식 1 및 2로 표시되는 화합물에 대해 보다 구체적으로 설명하면 다음과 같다.The compounds represented by the formulas (1) and (2) will be described in more detail as follows.
본 발명에 기재되어 있는 "알킬"의 구체적인 예로서, 메틸, 에틸, n-프로필, 이소프로필, n-부틸, 이소부틸 및 tert-부틸 등이 있다. 본원에서 "알케닐"의 구체적인 예로서, 비닐, 1-프로페닐, 2-프로페닐, 1-부테닐, 2-부테닐, 3-부테닐, 2-메틸부트-2-에닐 등이 있다. 본원에서 "알키닐"의 예로서, 에티닐, 1-프로피닐, 2-프로피닐, 1-부티닐, 2-부티닐, 3-부티닐, 1-메틸펜트-2-이닐 등이 있다. 본원에서 "시클로알킬"의 예로서, 시클로프로필, 시클로부틸, 시클로펜틸, 시클로헥실 등이 있다. 본원에서 "(3-7 원) 헤테로시클로알킬"은 환 골격 원자수가 3 내지 7개이고, B, N, O, S, P(=O), Si 및 P로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자, 바람직하게는 O, S 및 N에서 선택되는 하나 이상의 헤테로원자를 포함하는 시클로알킬을 의미하고, 예를 들어, 테트라히드로푸란, 피롤리딘, 티올란, 테트라히드로피란 등이 있다. 본원에서 "아릴(렌)"은 방향족 탄화수소에서 유래된 단일환 또는 융합환계 라디칼을 의미하고, 예로서 페닐, 비페닐, 터페닐, 나프틸, 비나프틸, 페닐나프틸, 나프틸페닐, 플루오레닐, 페닐플루오레닐, 벤조플루오레닐, 디벤조플루오레닐, 페난트레닐, 페닐페난트레닐, 안트라세닐, 인데닐, 인다닐, 트리페닐레닐, 피레닐, 테트라세닐, 페릴레닐, 크라이세닐, 나프타세닐, 플루오란테닐 등이 있다. 본원에서 "(3-30 원) 헤테로아릴(렌)"은 환 골격 원자수가 3 내지 30개이고, B, N, O, S, P(=O), Si 및 P로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자를 포함하는 아릴기를 의미한다. 헤테로원자수는 바람직하게는 1 내지 4개이고, 단일 환계이거나 하나 이상의 벤젠환과 축합된 융합환계일 수 있으며, 부분적으로 포화될 수도 있다. 또한, 본원에서 상기 헤테로아릴(렌)은 하나 이상의 헤테로아릴 또는 아릴기가 단일 결합에 의해 헤테로아릴기와 연결된 형태도 포함한다. 상기 헤테로아릴의 예로서, 푸릴, 티오펜일, 피롤릴, 이미다졸릴, 피라졸릴, 티아졸릴, 티아디아졸릴, 이소티아졸릴, 이속사졸릴, 옥사졸릴, 옥사디아졸릴, 트리아진일, 테트라진일, 트리아졸릴, 테트라졸릴, 푸라잔일, 피리딜, 피라진일, 피리미딘일, 피리다진일 등의 단일 환계 헤테로아릴, 벤조푸란일, 벤조티오펜일, 이소벤조푸란일, 디벤조푸란일, 디벤조티오펜일, 벤조이미다졸릴, 벤조티아졸릴, 벤조이소티아졸릴, 벤조이속사졸릴, 벤조옥사졸릴, 이소인돌릴, 인돌릴, 인다졸릴, 벤조티아디아졸릴, 퀴놀릴, 이소퀴놀릴, 신놀리닐, 퀴나졸리닐, 퀴녹살리닐, 카바졸릴, 페녹사진일, 페난트리딘일, 벤조디옥솔릴 등의 융합 환계 헤테로아릴 등이 있다. 본원에서 "할로겐"은 F, Cl, Br 및 I 원자를 포함한다.Specific examples of the "alkyl" described in the present invention include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butyl. Specific examples of the "alkenyl" herein include vinyl, 1-propenyl, 2-propenyl, 1-butenyl, 2-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 2-methylbut-2-enyl and the like. Examples of "alkynyl" herein include ethynyl, 1-propynyl, 2-propynyl, 1-butynyl, 2-butynyl, 3-butynyl, 1-methylpent-2- Examples of "cycloalkyl" herein include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and the like. The term " (3-7 member) heterocycloalkyl "as used herein refers to a heterocycloalkyl group having 3 to 7 ring skeletal atoms and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, P (= O) Preferably one or more heteroatoms selected from O, S and N, and includes, for example, tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine, thiolane, tetrahydropyran and the like. As used herein, "aryl" refers to a single ring or fused ring radical derived from an aromatic hydrocarbon and includes, for example, phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, naphthyl, binaphthyl, phenylnaphthyl, naphthylphenyl, Wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, , Crycenyl, naphthacenyl, fluoranthenyl and the like. The term "(3-30) heteroaryl (phenylene)" used herein refers to a heteroaryl group having 3 to 30 ring skeletal atoms and one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, P Quot; means an aryl group containing an atom. The number of heteroatoms is preferably 1 to 4, and may be a monocyclic ring system or a fused ring system condensed with at least one benzene ring, and may be partially saturated. In addition, the heteroaryl (phenylene) also includes a heteroaryl group in which at least one heteroaryl or aryl group is linked to a heteroaryl group by a single bond. Examples of such heteroaryls include furyl, thiophenyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, isothiazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, triazinyl, tetrazinyl , Monocyclic heteroaryl such as triazolyl, tetrazolyl, furanzyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl and pyridazinyl, benzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, isobenzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, di Benzoimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzoisothiazolyl, benzooxazolyl, isoindolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, Fused heterocyclic heteroaryl such as norbornyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, carbazolyl, phenoxaphyl, phenanthridinyl, benzodioxolyl and the like. As used herein, "halogen" includes F, Cl, Br, and I atoms.
또한, 본 발명에 기재되어 있는 "치환 또는 비치환"이라는 기재에서 '치환'은 어떤 작용기에서 수소 원자가 다른 원자 또는 다른 작용기 (즉, 치환체)로 대체되는 것을 뜻한다. 상기 화학식 1 및 2의 R1 내지 R18, R31 내지 R33, Ar1 내지 Ar5, 및 L에서 치환 (C1-C30)알킬, 치환 (C3-C30)사이클로알킬, 치환 (C1-C30)알콕시, 치환 (C6-C30)아릴, 치환 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, 치환 파이렌, 치환 (C6-C30)아릴렌, 치환 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴렌의 치환체는 각각 독립적으로 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C30)알킬, 할로겐으로 치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알콕시, (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 중수소로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C3-C30)시클로알킬, (5-7 원)헤테로시클로알킬, 트리(C1-C30)알킬실릴, 트리(C6-C30)아릴실릴, 디(C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C1-C30)알킬디(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C2-C30)알케닐, (C2-C30)알키닐, 시아노, 모노 또는 디(C1-C30)알킬아미노, 모노 또는 디(C6-C30)아릴아미노, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴아미노, 디(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, 디(C1-C30)알킬보로닐, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, (C6-C30)아르(C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴, 카르복실, 니트로 및 히드록시로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것을 의미하고, 각각 독립적으로 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C6)알킬, 할로겐으로 치환된 (C1-C6)알킬, (C1-C6)알콕시, (C6-C15)아릴, 중수소로 치환된 (C6-C15)아릴, (5-15 원)헤테로아릴, (C6-C15)아릴로 치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴, (C1-C6)알킬(C6-C15)아릴로 치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴, 트리(C1-C6)알킬실릴, 트리(C6-C15)아릴실릴, (C1-C6)알킬디(C6-C15)아릴실릴, 시아노, (C1-C6)알킬(C6-C15)아릴 및 히드록시로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것이 바람직하다.Further, in the phrase "substituted or unsubstituted" described in the present invention, "substituted" means that a hydrogen atom is replaced with another atom or another functional group (ie, a substituent) in a certain functional group. Substituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, substituted (C 3 -C 30) cycloalkyl, substituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, or substituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl in R 1 to R 18 , R 31 to R 33 , Ar 1 to Ar 5 , (C6-C30) aryl, substituted (3-30 membered heteroaryl, substituted pyrene, substituted (C6-C30) arylene and substituted (3-30 membered heteroarylene) substituents are each independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium (C6-C30) alkoxy substituted by halogen, (C1-C30) alkyl, (C1-C30) alkyl substituted by halogen, (C6-C30) aryl (C6-30 aryl), (C6-30 aryl), (3-30 membered heteroaryl, 3-30 membered heteroaryl substituted by (C6-30) aryl, (C3-C30) cycloalkyl, (5-7 membered) heterocycloalkyl, tri (C1-C30) alkylsilyl, tri (C6-C30) arylsilyl (C1-C30) alkylsilyl, (C2-C30) alkenyl, (C2-C30) alkynyl, cyano, Mono or di (C1-C30) alkylamino, (C1-C30) alkylamino, di (C6-C30) arylamino, di- (C1-C30) alkyl, (C6-C30) arylcarbonyl, (C6-C30) aryl (C 1 -C 6) alkyl, (C 1 -C 6) alkoxy, (C 6 -C 15) aryl, or deuterium optionally substituted with halogen Substituted with (C6-C15) aryl, (5-15) heteroaryl, (5-15) heteroaryl substituted with (C6-C15) aryl, (C6-C15) arylsilyl, tri (C6-C15) arylsilyl, (C1-C6) ) Alkyl (C6-C15) aryl, and hydroxy.
상기 화학식 1에서, 상기 R1 내지 R18은 바람직하게는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 할로겐, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C10)알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (5-20 원)헤테로아릴이거나; R1 내지 R5는 인접한 치환체와 연결되어 (5-20 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리는 스피로 구조를 형성할 수 있으며; 더욱 바람직하게는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C6)알킬, (C6-C15)아릴, 또는 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴이거나; R1 내지 R5는 인접한 치환체와 연결되어 (5-15 원)의 메틸 또는 페닐로 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리는 스피로 플루오렌 구조를 형성할 수 있다.In Formula 1, R 1 to R 18 are each preferably independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C 1 -C 10) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 20) Or unsubstituted (5-20 membered) heteroaryl; R 1 to R 5 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring of (5-20) atoms, and the ring formed may form a spiro structure ; More preferably each independently is hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, (CrC6) alkyl, (C6-C15) aryl, or (5-15 member) heteroaryl; R 1 to R 5 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring substituted or unsubstituted with methyl or phenyl (5-15 membered), and the ring formed may be spirofluorene Structure can be formed.
상기 화학식 1에서, 상기 Ar1 및 Ar2는 바람직하게는 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (5-20 원)헤테로아릴이고, 더욱 바람직하게는 각각 독립적으로 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C6)알킬, (C6-C15)아릴, (5-15 원)헤테로아릴, 또는 (C1-C6)알킬(C6-C15)아릴로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C18)아릴; 또는 (C6-C15)아릴로 치환 또는 비치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴이다.In the above formula (1), Ar 1 and Ar 2 are preferably each independently a substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 20) aryl or a substituted or unsubstituted (5-20) heteroaryl, more preferably (C6-C15) aryl optionally substituted with (C1-C6) alkyl, (C6-C15) aryl, (5-15 membered heteroaryl, or C6-C18) aryl; Or (5-15 membered) heteroaryl which is unsubstituted or substituted by (C6-C15) aryl.
상기 화학식 2에서, 상기 Ar3은 바람직하게는 (C1-C6)알킬, (C6-C15)아릴, 중수로로 치환된 (C6-C15)아릴, (C6-C15)아릴로 치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴, (C1-C6)알킬(C6-C15)아릴로 치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴로 치환 또는 비치환된 파이렌이다.In the above formula (2), Ar 3 is preferably (C 5 -C 15) aryl substituted with (C 6 -C 15) aryl, (C 6 -C 15) aryl substituted with (5-15 membered) heteroaryl substituted by (C1-C6) alkyl, (C6-C15) aryl or (C1- C6) alkyl.
상기 Ar3은 하기 구조에서 선택되는 것이 바람직하다.It is preferable that Ar 3 is selected from the following structures.
상기 화학식에서, 상기 A는 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C30)알킬, 할로겐으로 치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알콕시, (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 중수소로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C3-C30)시클로알킬, (5-7 원)헤테로시클로알킬, 트리(C1-C30)알킬실릴, 트리(C6-C30)아릴실릴, 디(C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C1-C30)알킬디(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C2-C30)알케닐, (C2-C30)알키닐, 시아노, 모노 또는 디(C1-C30)알킬아미노, 모노 또는 디(C6-C30)아릴아미노, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴아미노, 디(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, 디(C1-C30)알킬보로닐, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, (C6-C30)아르(C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴, 카르복실, 니트로, 및 히드록시이고; m은 0 내지 4의 정수이며, 바람직하게는 상기 A는 (C1-C6)알킬, (C6-C15)아릴, 중수소로 치환된 (C6-C15)아릴, (C6-C15)아릴로 치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴, 또는 (C1-C6)알킬(C6-C15)아릴로 치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴이다.Wherein A is selected from the group consisting of deuterium, halogen, (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, (C 1 -C 30) alkyl substituted by halogen, (C 1 -C 30) alkoxy, (C 6 -C 30) (3-30) heteroaryl substituted with (C6-C30) aryl, (C6-C30) aryl substituted with deuterium, (C6-30) (C3-C30) cycloalkyl, (5-7 membered) heterocycloalkyl, tri (C1-C30) alkylsilyl, (C2-C30) arylsilyl, di (C1-C30) alkyl (C6-C30) arylsilyl, (C1- (C6-C30) arylamino, di (C6-C30) alkylamino, mono or di (C6-C30) arylamino, (C1-C30) alkylcarbonyl, (C1-C30) alkylcarbonyl, di (C1-C30) alkylboronyl, Alkyl (C6-C30) aryl, carboxyl, nitro, and hydroxy; m is an integer from 0 to 4, preferably A is (C6-C15) aryl substituted by (C6-C15) aryl, (C6-C15) aryl substituted by 5-15 membered heteroaryl, or (5-15 membered) heteroaryl substituted by (C1-C6) alkyl (C6-C15) aryl.
상기 화학식 2에서, 상기 L은 바람직하게는 단일결합, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴렌이고; 더욱 바람직하게는 단일결합, 또는 (C1-C6)알킬로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C15)아릴렌이다.In Formula 2, L is preferably a single bond or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C20) arylene; More preferably a single bond or (C6-C15) arylene substituted or unsubstituted with (C1-C6) alkyl.
상기 화학식 2에서, 상기 Ar4 및 Ar5는 바람직하게는 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴이거나, Ar4 및 Ar5가 질소 원자와 함께 연결되어 (5-20 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고; 더욱 바람직하게는 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C6)알킬, 할로겐으로 치환된 (C1-C6)알킬, (C1-C6)알콕시, (C6-C15)아릴, 트리(C1-C6)알킬실릴, 트리(C6-C15)아릴실릴, (C1-C6)알킬디(C6-C15)아릴실릴, 시아노 또는 히드록시로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C18)아릴렌; 또는 (C6-C15)아릴로 치환 또는 비치환된 (5-15 원)헤테로아릴이거나, Ar4 및 Ar5가 질소 원자와 함께 연결되어 (5-15 원)의 할로겐, 시아노, (C1-C6)알킬, 또는 (C6-C15)아릴로 치환 또는 비치환된 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있다.In the general formula (2), Ar 4 and Ar 5 are preferably each independently substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 20) aryl, or Ar 4 and Ar 5 are linked together with a nitrogen atom to form a A substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic group or an aromatic ring; (C1-C6) alkoxy, (C6-C15) aryl, tri (C1-C6) alkylsilyl, tri (C6-C15) arylsilyl, (C6-C18) alkylthi (C6-C15) arylsilyl, (C6-C18) arylene substituted or unsubstituted with cyano or hydroxy; Or (C6-C15) aryl, or aryl substituted or unsubstituted (5-15 membered) heterocycloalkyl with, Ar 4 and Ar 5 is halogen, cyano, (C1- of connected together with the nitrogen atom (5-15 W) C6) alkyl, or (C6-C15) aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring.
상기 Ar4 및 Ar5가 질소 원자와 함께 연결되어 고리를 형성하는 경우, 하기의 고리를 형성할 수 있다.When Ar 4 and Ar 5 are linked together with a nitrogen atom to form a ring, the following ring can be formed.
상기 화학식 1의 화합물은 보다 구체적으로 하기의 화합물로 예시될 수 있으나, 하기 화합물이 본 발명을 한정하는 것은 아니다.The compound of formula (1) may be more specifically exemplified by the following compounds, but the following compounds do not limit the invention.
상기 화학식 2의 화합물은 보다 구체적으로 하기의 화합물로서 예시될 수 있으나, 하기 화합물이 본 발명을 한정하는 것은 아니다.The compound of formula (2) may be more specifically exemplified as the following compounds, but the following compounds are not intended to limit the invention.
본 발명에 따른 화학식 1 및 2의 화합물은 당업계에 공지된 합성 방법에 의해 제조할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 하기 반응식 1 및 2에 나타난 바와 같이 제조될 수 있으며, 하기의 제조방법이 화학식 1 및 2의 화합물을 제조하는 방법을 한정하는 것은 아니며, 하기의 제조방법의 변형은 당업자에게 자명할 것이다.The compounds of formulas (1) and (2) according to the present invention can be prepared by synthetic methods known in the art. For example, it can be prepared as shown in the following Schemes 1 and 2, and the following production methods do not limit the method of preparing the compounds of the formulas (1) and (2) will be.
구체적으로, 본 발명에 따른 유기 전계 발광 소자는 제1전극; 제2전극; 및 상기 제1전극 및 제2전극 사이에 개재되는 1층 이상의 유기물층을 가지며, 상기 유기물층은 발광층을 포함하고, 상기 발광층은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 1종 이상의 호스트 화합물 및 상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 1종 이상의 도판트 화합물의 조합을 포함한다.Specifically, the organic electroluminescent device according to the present invention includes a first electrode; A second electrode; And at least one organic compound layer sandwiched between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the organic compound layer comprises a light emitting layer, wherein the light emitting layer comprises at least one host compound represented by Formula 1, and 1 ≪ / RTI > combinations of more than two species of dopant compounds.
상기 제1전극과 제2전극 중 하나는 애노드이고 다른 하나는 캐소드일 수 있다. 상기 유기물층은 정공 주입층, 정공 전달층, 전자 전달층, 전자 주입층, 계면층(interlayer) 및 정공 차단층에서 선택되는 1층 이상을 더 포함할 수 있다. One of the first electrode and the second electrode may be an anode and the other may be a cathode. The organic material layer may further include at least one layer selected from a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer, an interlayer and a hole blocking layer.
상기 발광층의 의미는 발광이 이루어지는 층으로서 단일 층일 수 있으며, 또한 2개 이상의 층이 적층된 복수의 층일 수 있다. 이 때 발광층은 또한 전자 및 정공의 주입 및 수송 그리고 발광의 역할을 수행할 수 있다. 상기 발광층의 도판트와 호스트 전체에 대하여 도판트를 17 중량% 미만으로 도핑함이 바람직하다.The light emitting layer may be a single layer as a light emitting layer, or may be a plurality of layers in which two or more layers are stacked. At this time, the light emitting layer can also play the role of injection and transport of electrons and holes and light emission. The dopant of the light emitting layer and the host are preferably doped with less than 17 wt% of the dopant.
본 발명의 다른 양태에 의하면, 본 발명은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 하나 이상의 호스트 화합물 및 상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 하나 이상의 도판트 화합물의 호스트/도판트 조합을 제공한다. 또한, 본 발명은 상기 호스트/도판트 조합을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제공한다.According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a host / dopant combination of at least one host compound represented by Formula 1 and at least one dopant compound represented by Formula 2. The present invention also provides an organic electroluminescent device comprising the host / dopant combination.
본 발명은 추가의 양태로, 상기 화학식 1 로 표시되는 하나 이상의 호스트 화합물 및 상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 하나 이상의 도판트 화합물의 조합을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 재료 및 상기 재료를 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제공한다. 상기 재료는 화학식 1의 화합물 및 화학식 2의 화합물의 조합만으로 이루어질 수 있고, 유기 전계 발광 재료에 포함되는 통상의 물질들을 추가로 포함할 수도 있다.The present invention provides, in a further aspect, an organic electroluminescent material comprising a combination of at least one host compound represented by Formula 1 and at least one dopant compound represented by Formula 2, and an organic electroluminescent device comprising the above- to provide. The material may be composed of only the combination of the compound of Formula 1 and the compound of Formula 2, and may further include common materials included in the organic electroluminescent material.
본 발명은 또 다른 추가의 양태로, 본 발명은 상기 화학식 1로 표시되는 하나 이상의 호스트 화합물 및 상기 화학식 2로 표시되는 하나 이상의 도판트 화합물의 조합을 함유하는 유기물층을 제공한다. 상기 유기물층은 복수의 층을 포함하며, 상기 도판트 화합물과 상기 호스트 화합물은 동일한 층에 포함될 수도 있고, 각각 서로 다른 층에 포함될 수도 있다. 또한, 본 발명은 상기 유기물층을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제공한다.In another aspect, the present invention provides an organic material layer containing a combination of at least one host compound represented by Formula 1 and at least one dopant compound represented by Formula 2. The organic material layer includes a plurality of layers, and the dopant compound and the host compound may be included in the same layer or may be included in different layers, respectively. The present invention also provides an organic electroluminescent device including the organic material layer.
본 발명의 유기 전계 발광 소자는 유기물층이 화학식 1의 호스트 화합물 및 화학식 2의 도판트 화합물의 조합을 포함하고, 이와 동시에 아릴아민계 화합물 또는 스티릴아릴아민계 화합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 화합물을 포함할 수 있다.In the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention, the organic layer includes a combination of the host compound represented by the formula (1) and the dopant compound represented by the formula (2), and at the same time, at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an arylamine compound or a styrylarylamine compound .
또한, 본 발명의 유기 전계 발광 소자에 있어서, 유기물층에 화학식 1의 호스트 화합물 및 화학식 2의 도판트 화합물의 조합 이외에 1족, 2족, 4주기, 5주기 전이금속, 란탄 계열 금속 및 d-전이 원소의 유기 금속으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 하나 이상의 금속 또는 착체 화합물을 더 포함할 수도 있고, 나아가 상기 유기물층은 추가로 포함되는 하나 이상의 발광층 및 전하생성층을 더 포함할 수 있다.In addition, in the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention, in addition to the combination of the host compound represented by the formula (1) and the dopant compound represented by the formula (2) in the organic compound layer, group 1, group 2, group 4, group 5 transition metal, The organic layer may further include at least one light-emitting layer and a charge-generating layer, which are further included.
또한, 본 발명의 상기 유기 전계 발광 소자는 본 발명의 화합물 이외에 당업계에 알려진 청색, 적색 또는 녹색 발광 화합물을 포함하는 발광층 하나 이상을 더 포함함으로써 백색 발광을 할 수 있다. 또한, 필요에 따라, 황색 또는 오렌지색 발광층을 더 포함할 수도 있다.In addition, the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention may emit white light by further including at least one light emitting layer containing a blue, red or green light emitting compound known in the art, in addition to the compound of the present invention. Further, if necessary, it may further include a yellow or orange light emitting layer.
본 발명의 유기 전계 발광 소자에 있어서, 한 쌍의 전극의 적어도 한쪽의 내측 표면에, 칼코제나이드(chalcogenide)층, 할로겐화 금속층 및 금속 산화물층으로부터 선택되는 1층(이하, 이들을 "표면층"이라고 지칭함) 이상을 배치하는 것이 바람직하다. 구체적으로는, 발광 매체층 측의 양극 표면에 규소 및 알루미늄의 금속의 칼코제나이드(산화물을 포함한다)층을, 또한 발광매체층 측의 음극 표면에 할로겐화 금속층 또는 금속 산화물층을 배치하는 것이 바람직하다. 이것에 의해 구동의 안정화를 얻을 수 있다. 상기 칼코제나이드의 바람직한 예로는 SiOX(1≤X≤2), AlOX(1≤X≤1.5), SiON 또는 SiAlON 등이 있고, 할로겐화 금속의 바람직한 예로는 LiF, MgF2, CaF2, 불화 희토류 금속 등이 있으며, 금속 산화물의 바람직한 예로는 Cs2O, Li2O, MgO, SrO, BaO, CaO 등이 있다.In the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention, one layer (hereinafter referred to as a "surface layer") of a chalcogenide layer, a metal halide layer and a metal oxide layer is formed on at least one inner surface of a pair of electrodes ) Or more. Concretely, it is preferable to dispose a halogenated metal layer or a metal oxide layer on the surface of the anode on the side of the light emitting medium layer and on the surface of the cathode on the side of the light emitting medium layer, with a chalcogenide (including oxide) layer of a metal of silicon and aluminum Do. Thus, stabilization of the drive can be obtained. Preferable examples of the chalcogenide include SiO X (1? X ? 2), AlO x (1? X ? 1.5), SiON or SiAlON. Preferred examples of the halogenated metal include LiF, MgF 2 , CaF 2 , Rare-earth metals, etc. Preferred examples of the metal oxides include Cs 2 O, Li 2 O, MgO, SrO, BaO, CaO and the like.
또한, 본 발명의 유기 전계 발광 소자에 있어서, 이렇게 제조된 한 쌍의 전극의 적어도 한쪽의 표면에 전자 전달 화합물과 환원성 도판트의 혼합 영역 또는 정공 전달 화합물과 산화성 도판트의 혼합 영역을 배치하는 것도 바람직하다. 이러한 방식에 의해 전자 전달 화합물이 음이온으로 환원되므로 혼합 영역으로부터 발광 매체에 전자를 주입 및 전달하기 용이해진다. 또한, 정공 전달 화합물은 산화되어 양이온으로 되므로 혼합 영역으로부터 발광 매체에 정공을 주입 및 전달하기 용이해진다. 바람직한 산화성 도판트로서는 각종 루이스산 및 억셉터(acceptor) 화합물을 들 수 있고, 바람직한 환원성 도판트로는 알칼리 금속, 알칼리 금속 화합물, 알칼리 토류 금속, 희토류 금속 및 이들의 혼합물을 들 수 있다. 또한 환원성 도판트층을 전하생성층으로 사용하여 두 개 이상의 발광층을 가진 백색 유기 전계 발광 소자를 제조할 수 있다.Further, in the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention, a mixed region of the electron transfer compound and the reducing dopant, or a mixed region of the hole transport compound and the oxidative dopant, may be disposed on at least one surface of the pair of electrodes thus manufactured desirable. In this way, since the electron transfer compound is reduced to an anion, it becomes easy to inject and transfer electrons from the mixed region to the light emitting medium. Further, since the hole transport compound is oxidized and becomes a cation, it becomes easy to inject and transport holes from the mixed region into the light emitting medium. Preferred oxidizing dopants include various Lewis acids and acceptor compounds, and preferred reducing dopants include alkali metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, rare earth metals, and mixtures thereof. Also, a white organic electroluminescent device having two or more light emitting layers can be manufactured using a reducing dopant layer as a charge generating layer.
본 발명의 유기 전계 발광 소자의 각층의 형성은 진공증착, 스퍼터링, 플라즈마, 이온플레이팅 등의 건식 성막법이나 스핀 코팅, 침지 코팅(dip coating), 플로우 코팅 등의 습식 성막법 중의 어느 하나의 방법을 적용할 수 있다.The formation of each layer of the organic electroluminescent device of the present invention may be performed by a dry film formation method such as vacuum deposition, sputtering, plasma or ion plating, or a wet film formation method such as spin coating, dip coating or flow coating Can be applied.
습식 성막법의 경우, 각 층을 형성하는 재료를 에탄올, 클로로포름, 테트라하이드로퓨란, 디옥산 등의 적절한 용매에 용해 또는 분산시켜 박막을 형성하는데, 그 용매는 각 층을 형성하는 재료가 용해 또는 분산될 수 있고, 성막성에 문제가 없는 것이라면 어느 것이어도 된다.In the case of the wet film formation method, a thin film is formed by dissolving or dispersing a material forming each layer in an appropriate solvent such as ethanol, chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc., And it may be any thing that does not have a problem in the tabernacle.
이하에서, 본 발명의 상세한 이해를 위하여 본 발명의 대표 화합물을 들어 본 발명에 따른 화합물, 이의 제조방법 및 소자의 발광특성을 설명하나, 이는 단지 그 실시 양태를 예시하기 위한 것일 뿐, 본 발명의 범위를 한정하는 것은 아니다.
Hereinafter, for a detailed understanding of the present invention, the compounds according to the present invention, the preparation method thereof and the luminescent characteristics of the device are described for the representative compounds of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. It is not intended to limit the scope.
[[ 실시예Example 1] 화합물 H-26의 제조 1] Preparation of compound H-26
화합물 1-2의 제조Preparation of Compound 1-2
화합물 1-1 (25 g, 0.157 mol) 및 HCl (10 %, 840 mL)을 플라스크에 넣고 0℃에서 교반한 후, NaNO2 (11.6 g, 0.168 mol)를 H2O 85 mL에 녹여 반응 혼합물에 첨가하고 20분 간 0℃에서 교반하였다. KI (52 g, 0.314 mol)를 H2O 165 mL에 녹여서 반응 혼합물에 첨가하고 0℃에서 3시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 에틸아세테이트(EA)로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 1-2 (10.2 g, 24 %)를 얻었다.Compound 11 (25 g, 0.157 mol) and HCl (10%, 840 mL) were placed in a flask and stirred at 0 ° C. NaNO 2 (11.6 g, 0.168 mol) was dissolved in 85 mL of H 2 O, And stirred at 0 < 0 > C for 20 min. KI (52 g, 0.314 mol) was dissolved in 165 mL of H 2 O and added to the reaction mixture, which was stirred for 3 hours at 0 ° C. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with ethyl acetate (EA). The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator, and the residue was purified by column to obtain Compound 1-2 (10.2 g, 24% .
화합물 1-4의 제조Preparation of compounds 1-4
화합물 1-2 (9.2 g, 0.034 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 1-3 (11 g, 0.037 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (2.0 g, 0.001 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 51 mL), EtOH 51 mL 및 톨루엔 100 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 1-4 (9.5 g, 70 %)를 얻었다.Compound 1-2 (9.2 g, 0.034 mol) is put into a flask, compound 1-3 (11 g, 0.037 mol) , Pd (PPh 3) 4 (2.0 g, 0.001 mol), K 2 CO 3 (2 M, 51 mL), 51 mL of EtOH and 100 mL of toluene were added, and then the reaction mixture was heated to 120 DEG C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The organic layer was purified by column to obtain Compound 1-4 (9.5 g, 70%).
화합물 1-5의 제조Preparation of compounds 1-5
화합물 1-4 (9.5 g, 0.024 mol) 및 MC 200 mL를 플라스크에 넣고 반응 혼합물을 0℃에서 20분 간 교반한 후, 트리에틸아민 (10 mL, 0.072 mol)를 반응 혼합물에 첨가하였다. 이후, 트리플루오로메탄술폰산 무수물(OTf2) (5.1 mL, 0.031 mol)를 혼합물에 첨가하고 실온에서 6시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물에 4 M HCl를 첨가한 후, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 1-5 (8.0 g, 63 %)를 얻었다.Compound 1-4 (9.5 g, 0.024 mol) and 200 mL of MC were placed in a flask and the reaction mixture was stirred at 0 ° C for 20 minutes before triethylamine (10 mL, 0.072 mol) was added to the reaction mixture. Then, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (OTf 2 ) (5.1 mL, 0.031 mol) was added to the mixture and stirred at room temperature for 6 hours. After the reaction was completed, 4 M HCl was added to the mixture, and the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator, , 63%).
화합물 compound H-26H-26 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 1-5 (8.0 g, 0.015 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 1-6 (2.0 g, 0.016 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (1.0 g, 0.001 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 22 mL), EtOH 22 mL 및 톨루엔 50 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-26 (3.1 g, 45 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 1-5 (8.0 g, 0.015 mol) were placed in the flask, the compound 1-6 (2.0 g, 0.016 mol) , Pd (PPh 3) 4 (1.0 g, 0.001 mol), K 2 CO 3 (2 M, 22 mL), EtOH (22 mL) and toluene (50 mL) were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator, and the residue was purified by column to obtain 3.1 g (45%) of compound H-26 .
[[ 실시예Example 2] 화합물 H-47의 제조 2] Preparation of compound H-47
실시예 1의 화합물 1-5 (3.7 g, 0.007 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 2-1 (2.7 g, 0.007 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (465 mg, 0.0004 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 11 mL), EtOH 11 mL 및 톨루엔 22 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-47 (3.3 g, 78 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 2-1 (2.7 g, 0.007 mol), Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 (465 mg, 0.0004 mol), K 2 CO 3 (0.007 mol) were added to a flask in the same manner as in Example 1 2 M, 11 mL), 11 mL EtOH and 22 mL toluene, the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain a compound H-47 (3.3 g, 78%).
[[ 실시예Example 3] 화합물 H-48의 제조 3] Preparation of compound H-48
실시예 1의 화합물 1-5 (3.7 g, 0.006 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 3-1 (1.3 g, 0.006 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (350 mg, 0.0003 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 10 mL), EtOH 10 mL 및 톨루엔 20 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-48 (1.8 g, 48 %)를 얻었다.
Examples of the compound 1 1-5 (3.7 g, 0.006 mol ) were placed in the flask, the compound 3-1 (1.3 g, 0.006 mol) , Pd (PPh 3) 4 (350 mg, 0.0003 mol), K 2 CO 3 ( 2 M, 10 mL), 10 mL EtOH and 20 mL toluene, the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain a compound H-48 (1.8 g, 48%).
[[ 실시예Example 4] 화합물 H-45의 제조 4] Production of compound H-45
실시예 1의 화합물 1-5 (4.0 g, 0.007 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 4-1 (1.6 g, 0.008 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (462 mg, 0.0004 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 11 mL), EtOH 11 mL 및 톨루엔 22 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-45 (1.7 g, 43 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 4-1 (1.6 g, 0.008 mol), Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 (462 mg, 0.0004 mol) and K 2 CO 3 (0.005 mol) were added to a flask. 2 M, 11 mL), 11 mL EtOH and 22 mL toluene, the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The solvent was distilled off to obtain a compound H-45 (1.7 g, 43%).
[[ 실시예Example 5] 화합물 H-49의 제조 5] Preparation of compound H-49
실시예 1의 화합물 1-5 (3.0 g, 0.005 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 5-1 (1.5 g, 0.006 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (330 mg, 0.0002 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 9 mL), EtOH 9 mL 및 톨루엔 22 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-49 (2.0 g, 60 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 5-1 (1.5 g, 0.006 mol), Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 (330 mg, 0.0002 mol), K 2 CO 3 (0.005 mol) were added to a flask. 2 M, 9 mL), EtOH (9 mL) and toluene (22 mL) were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain a compound H-49 (2.0 g, 60%).
[[ 실시예Example 6] 화합물 H-1의 제조 6] Preparation of compound H-1
화합물 6-1 (5.4 g, 0.010 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 1-6 (1.4 g, 0.011 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (580 mg, 0.0005 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 15 mL), EtOH 15 mL 및 톨루엔 30 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-1 (3.3 g, 73 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 6-1 into a (5.4 g, 0.010 mol) in a flask compound 1-6 (1.4 g, 0.011 mol) , Pd (PPh 3) 4 (580 mg, 0.0005 mol), K 2 CO 3 (2 M, 15 mL), 15 mL of EtOH and 30 mL of toluene were added, and then the reaction mixture was heated to 120 DEG C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was rinsed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed by a rotary evaporator. The solvent was distilled off to obtain a compound H-1 (3.3 g, 73%).
[[ 실시예Example 7] 화합물 H-19의 제조 7] Preparation of compound H-19
실시예 6의 화합물 6-1 (4.0 g, 0.007 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 4-1 (1.6 g, 0.008 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (462 mg, 0.0004 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 11 mL), EtOH 11 mL 및 톨루엔 22 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-19 (2.7 g, 67 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 4-1 (1.6 g, 0.008 mol), Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 (462 mg, 0.0004 mol) and K 2 CO 3 (0.004 mol) were placed in a flask. 2 M, 11 mL), 11 mL EtOH and 22 mL toluene, the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The residue was purified by column chromatography to obtain Compound H-19 (2.7 g, 67%).
[[ 실시예Example 8] 화합물 H-20의 제조 8] Preparation of compound H-20
실시예 6의 화합물 6-1 (3.0 g, 0.005 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 5-1 (1.8 g, 0.008 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (330 mg, 0.0003 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 10 mL), EtOH 10 mL 및 톨루엔 20 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-20 (1.5 g, 47 %)를 얻었다.
Example 6 Compound 6-1 (3.0 g, 0.005 mol) were placed in the flask of the compound 5-1 (1.8 g, 0.008 mol), Pd (PPh 3) 4 (330 mg, 0.0003 mol), K 2 CO 3 ( 2 M, 10 mL), 10 mL EtOH and 20 mL toluene, the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The solvent was distilled off to obtain a compound H-20 (1.5 g, 47%).
[[ 실시예Example 9] 화합물 H-21의 제조 9] Preparation of compound H-21
실시예 6의 화합물 6-1 (3.0 g, 0.005 mol)을 플라스크에 넣고 화합물 2-1 (2.2 g, 0.006 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (346 mg, 0.0003 mol), K2CO3 (2 M, 10 mL), EtOH 10 mL 및 톨루엔 20 mL를 첨가한 후 반응 혼합물을 120℃로 가열시키고, 8시간 교반하였다. 반응이 끝나고, 혼합물을 증류수로 씻어주고 EA로 추출한 뒤 유기층을 MgSO4로 건조시킨 후 회전 증발기로 용매를 제거한 후 컬럼으로 정제하여 화합물 H-21 (2.2 g, 65 %)를 얻었다.
Compound 2-1 (2.2 g, 0.006 mol), Pd (PPh 3 ) 4 (346 mg, 0.0003 mol) and K 2 CO 3 (0.005 mol) were placed in a flask. 2 M, 10 mL), 10 mL EtOH and 20 mL toluene, the reaction mixture was heated to 120 < 0 > C and stirred for 8 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was washed with distilled water and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was removed using a rotary evaporator. The solvent was distilled off to obtain a compound H-21 (2.2 g, 65%).
[[ 실시예Example 10] 화합물 D-8의 제조 10] Preparation of compound D-8
1,6-디브로모피렌 (5 g, 13.8 mmol), 디페닐아민 (5.8 g ,34.2 mmol), Pd(OAc)2 (0.16 g, 0.71 mmol) 및 NaOtBu (6.7 g, 69.7 mmol)을 혼합한 후, 진공 상태와 질소 분위기 상태로 만들었다. 그리고 반응 혼합물에 P(t-Bu)3 (1 mL, 2.0 mmol)및 톨루엔 80 mL을 넣고 120℃에서 5시간 환류 교반하였다. 반응 종결 후, EA와 증류수를 이용하여 추출하고 EA/MeOH로 재결정하여 화합물 D-8 2.5 g (9.3 mmol, 30 %)을 얻었다.
(5 g, 13.8 mmol), diphenylamine (5.8 g, 34.2 mmol), Pd (OAc) 2 (0.16 g, 0.71 mmol) and NaOtBu (6.7 g, 69.7 mmol) were mixed with 1,6-dibromopyran After that, it was made into a vacuum state and a nitrogen atmosphere state. To the reaction mixture, P (t-Bu) 3 (1 mL, 2.0 mmol) and toluene (80 mL) were added and the mixture was refluxed at 120 ° C for 5 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction mixture was extracted with EA and distilled water, and recrystallized with EA / MeOH to obtain 2.5 g (9.3 mmol, 30%) of compound D-8 .
[[ 실시예Example 11] 화합물 D-9의 제조 11] Preparation of compound D-9
화합물 D-9는 1,6-디브로모피렌과 4-(페닐아미노)벤조니트릴을 사용하여 화합물 D-8과 동일한 방법으로 합성하여 4 g (수율: 50 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-9 was synthesized in the same manner as compound D-8 using 1,6-dibromopyrene and 4- (phenylamino) benzonitrile to obtain 4 g (yield: 50%).
[[ 실시예Example 12] 화합물 D-10의 제조 12] Preparation of compound D-10
화합물 D-10은 6-브로모-N,N-디페닐피렌-1-아민과 N-페닐-4-(트리페닐실릴)아닐린을 사용하여 화합물 D-8과 동일한 방법으로 합성하여 5.6 g (수율: 40 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-10 was synthesized in the same manner as Compound D-8 using 6-bromo-N, N-diphenylpyran-1 -amine and N-phenyl-4- (triphenylsilyl) aniline to give 5.6 g Yield: 40%).
[[ 실시예Example 13] 화합물 D-21의 제조 13] Preparation of compound D-21
플라스크에 1,6-디브로모피렌 (13 g, 0.068 mol), 4-(페닐아미노)벤조니트릴 (52 g, 0.144 mol), Cu (7.6 g, 0.12 mol), Cs2CO3 (54 g, 0.167 mol) 및 18-Crown-6 (2.1 g, 0.008 mol)을 넣고, 1,2-디클로로벤젠 300 mL로 녹인 후 190℃에서 12시간 동안 환류교반시켰다. 반응이 끝나고, 증류 장치로 1,2-디클로로벤젠을 제거한 후, EA로 유기층을 추출하고 마그네슘 설페이트를 이용하여 잔여 수분을 제거한 뒤 컬럼으로 분리하여 화합물 6-1 (15.5 g, 50 % )을 얻었다.A flask 1,6-di-bromo fur Len (13 g, 0.068 mol), 4- ( phenylamino) benzonitrile (52 g, 0.144 mol), Cu (7.6 g, 0.12 mol), Cs 2 CO 3 (54 g , 0.167 mol) and 18-Crown-6 (2.1 g, 0.008 mol) were dissolved in 300 mL of 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and the mixture was refluxed and stirred at 190 ° C for 12 hours. After the reaction was completed, the 1,2-dichlorobenzene was removed by a distillation apparatus, and the organic layer was extracted with EA. After removing residual water using magnesium sulfate, the product was separated into a column to obtain Compound 6-1 (15.5 g, 50%) .
플라스크에 얻어진 화합물 6-1 (6 g, 0.012 mol), 3-(9H-카바졸-9-일)페닐 보론산 (5.4 g, 0.019 mol), Pd(PPh3)4 (732 mg, 0.63 mmol) 및 K2CO3 (5.2 g, 0.036 mol)를 넣고 톨루엔 40 mL, EtOH 20 mL 및 H2O 20 mL를 넣어 녹인 후 120℃에서 7시간 동안 교반하였다. 그리고, H2O 를 천천히 넣어 반응을 종결시킨 후, EA로 유기층을 추출하고 마그네슘 설페이트를 이용하여 잔여 수분을 제거한 뒤 건조시키고 컬럼으로 분리하여 화합물 D-21 (4 g, 50 %)을 얻었다.
The compound obtained in flasks 6-1 (6 g, 0.012 mol) , 3- (9H- carbazol-9-yl) phenylboronic acid (5.4 g, 0.019 mol), Pd (PPh 3) 4 (732 mg, 0.63 mmol ) And K 2 CO 3 (5.2 g, 0.036 mol) were dissolved in 40 mL of toluene, 20 mL of EtOH and 20 mL of H 2 O, and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C for 7 hours. After the reaction was terminated by slowly adding H 2 O, the organic layer was extracted with EA, and the residue was dried with magnesium sulfate, dried and separated into a column to obtain a compound D-21 (4 g, 50%).
[[ 실시예Example 14] 화합물 D-25의 제조 14] Preparation of compound D-25
화합물 D-25는 화합물 6-1과 9-페닐-9H-카바졸-3-일 보론산을 사용하여 화합물 D-21과 동일한 방법으로 합성하여 1.9 g (수율: 30 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-25 was synthesized in the same manner as Compound D-21 , using Compound 6-1 and 9-phenyl-9H-carbazole-3-ylboronic acid to give 1.9 g (Yield: 30%).
[[ 실시예Example 15] 화합물 D-32의 제조 15] Preparation of compound D-32
1,6-디브로모피렌 (10 g, 27.8 mmol), 인돌린 (6.9 mL, 61.1 mmol), 팔라듐아세테이트 (318 mg, 1.4 mmol), 트리-t-부틸포스핀 (0.7 mL, 2.8 mmol) 및 세슘카보네이트 (27 g, 83.3 mmol)을 톨루엔에 녹인 후, 24시간 동안 120℃에서 환류 교반시켰다. 반응이 끝난 후, EA로 추출하고 증류수로 씻어주었다. 황산마그네슘으로 건조하고 감압 증류하였다. 컬럼 분리하여 화합물 D-32 (5 g, 41 %)을 얻었다.
T-butylphosphine (0.7 mL, 2.8 mmol), palladium acetate (318 mg, 1.4 mmol), 1,6-dibromopyran (10 g, 27.8 mmol), indoline And cesium carbonate (27 g, 83.3 mmol) were dissolved in toluene and refluxed at 120 ° C for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was extracted with EA and washed with distilled water. Dried over magnesium sulfate and distilled under reduced pressure. The column was separated to obtain a compound D-32 (5 g, 41%).
[[ 실시예Example 16] 화합물 D-88의 제조 16] Preparation of compound D-88
화합물 16-1의 제조Preparation of Compound 16-1
3-아미노벤조니트릴 (50 g, 423 mmol), 아이오도벤젠 (39 mL, 352 mmol), 팔라듐(II)아세테이트(Pd(OAc)2) 3.9 g, 트리-t-부틸포스핀 (P(t-Bu)3) 8.5 mL 및 Cs2CO3 228 g을 톨루엔 1000 mL에 넣고 120℃에서 24시간 동안 교반시켰다. 반응이 완료된 후, 천천히 실온으로 냉각한 뒤 H2O를 넣고 EA로 추출하였다. 유기층을 Na2SO4로 건조시킨 뒤 농축하고 컬럼 분리하여 화합물 16-1 (70 g, 85 %)을 얻었다.3-amino-benzonitrile (50 g, 423 mmol), iodo-benzene (39 mL, 352 mmol), palladium (II) acetate (Pd (OAc) 2) 3.9 g, tree -t- butylphosphine (P (t -Bu) 3 ) and 228 g of Cs 2 CO 3 were added to 1000 mL of toluene, and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C for 24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the reaction mixture was slowly cooled to room temperature, and H 2 O was added thereto, followed by extraction with EA. The organic layer was dried over Na 2 SO 4 , concentrated, and then subjected to column separation to obtain Compound 16-1 (70 g, 85%).
화합물 16-2의 제조Preparation of Compound 16-2
화합물 16-1 (8 g, 41 mmol), 1,6-디브로모피렌 (30 g, 83 mmol), Cu 4.8 g 및 Cs2CO3 34 g을 1,2-디클로로벤젠 400 mL에 넣고 200℃에서 19시간 동안 교반시켰다. 교반이 완료된 후, H2O를 천천히 가하여 반응을 종결시킨 후 실온으로 냉각한 뒤 H2O를 넣고 EA로 추출하였다. 유기층을 Na2SO4로 건조시킨 뒤 농축하고 컬럼 분리하여 화합물 16-2 (12 g, 60 %)을 얻었다.Dibromophene (30 g, 83 mmol), Cu (4.8 g) and Cs 2 CO 3 ( 34 g) were added to 400 mL of 1,2-dichlorobenzene, and 200 Lt; 0 > C for 19 hours. After completion of the stirring, H 2 O was slowly added to terminate the reaction. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, and H 2 O was added thereto and extracted with EA. The organic layer was dried with Na 2 SO 4 concentrated and the separation column to obtain the title compound 16-2 (12 g, 60%) .
화합물 compound D-88D-88 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 16-2 (5 g, 10 mmol) 및 1,2,3,4-테트라하이드로퀴놀린 1.6 mL를 혼합하고, 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-88 (3.8 g, 69 %)을 얻었다.
Compound 16-2 (5 g, 10 mmol) and 1.6 mL of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline were mixed and the compound D-88 (3.8 g, 69%) was obtained in the same manner as the compound 16-1, ≪ / RTI >
[[ 실시예Example 17] 화합물 D-149의 제조 17] Preparation of compound D-149
화합물 17-1의 제조Preparation of Compound 17-1
4-이소부티릴벤조니트릴 (6.2 g, 35.7 mmol) 및 페닐하이드라진 (3.8 g, 35.7 mmol)을 아세트산 120 mL에 넣고 80℃에서 3시간 동안 교반시켰다. 혼합물을 냉각시킨 뒤, 1,2-디클로로에탄 120 mL를 넣고 나트륨 트리아세톡시보로하이드라이드(NaBH(OAc)3) (9.8 g, 46.6 mmol)을 조금씩 넣어주었다. 상온으로 30분 교반 후 H2O를 넣고EA로 추출하였다. 유기층을 Na2SO4로 건조시키고 농축하고 컬럼 분리하여 화합물 17-1 (5.3 g, 60 %)을 얻었다.4-Isobutyrylbenzonitrile (6.2 g, 35.7 mmol) and phenylhydrazine (3.8 g, 35.7 mmol) were added to 120 mL of acetic acid and stirred at 80 ° C for 3 hours. After cooling the mixture, 120 mL of 1,2-dichloroethane was added, and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (NaBH (OAc) 3 ) (9.8 g, 46.6 mmol) was added little by little. After stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes, H 2 O was added and extracted with EA. The organic layer is dried over Na 2 SO 4 and concentrated, and the separation column to yield the compound 17-1 (5.3 g, 60%) .
화합물 compound D-149D-149 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 16-2 (5 g, 10 mmol) 및 화합물 17-1 (2.5 g, 20 mmol)을 혼합하고 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-149 (4.5 g, 70 %)을 얻었다.
Compound 16-2 (5 g, 10 mmol) and compound 17-1 (2.5 g, 20 mmol) were mixed and compound D-149 (4.5 g, 70%) was obtained in the same manner as for the synthesis of compound 16-1.
[[ 실시예Example 18] 화합물 D-98의 제조 18] Preparation of compound D-98
화합물 18-1의 제조Preparation of Compound 18-1
2,4-디브로모-6-플루오로아닐린 (25g, 92.9 mmol), 페닐보론산 (34 g, 278 mmol), 테트라키스(트리페닐포스핀)팔라듐(Pd(PPh3)4) (10 g, 9.29 mmol) 및 K2CO3 (64 g, 464 mmol)을 톨루엔 300 mL, 에탄올(EtOH) 100 mL 및 H2O 100 mL의 혼합용액에 넣어 녹인 후 120℃에서 7시간 동안 교반하였다. 반응 후 H2O 를 천천히 넣어 반응을 종결시킨 후 EA 로 유기층을 추출하고 Na2SO4를 이용하여 건조시키고 칼럼으로 분리하여 화합물 18-1 (20 g)을 얻었다.2,4-di-bromo-6-fluoro-aniline to the parent (25g, 92.9 mmol), phenylboronic acid (34 g, 278 mmol), tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium (Pd (PPh 3) 4) (10 g, 9.29 mmol) and K 2 CO 3 (64 g, 464 mmol) were dissolved in a mixed solution of 300 mL of toluene, 100 mL of ethanol (EtOH) and 100 mL of H 2 O and the mixture was stirred at 120 ° C. for 7 hours. After the reaction, H 2 O was added slowly to terminate the reaction. The organic layer was extracted with EA, dried over Na 2 SO 4 , and then separated into a column to obtain Compound 18-1 (20 g).
화합물 18-2의 제조Preparation of Compound 18-2
화합물 18-1 (30 g, 113.9 mmol) 및 아이오도벤젠 (19.3 g, 94 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물18-2 (23 g, 72 %)을 얻었다.Compound 18-2 (23 g, 72%) was obtained in the same manner as the compound 16-1 using the compound 18-1 (30 g, 113.9 mmol) and iodobenzene (19.3 g, 94 mmol).
화합물 18-3의 제조Preparation of Compound 18-3
화합물 18-2 (10 g, 29.4 mmol) 및 1,6-디브로모피렌 (21 g, 58 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-2의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 18-3 (2.2 g, 12 %)을 얻었다.Compound 18-3 (2.2 g, 12%) was obtained in the same manner as the compound 16-2 using compound 18-2 (10 g, 29.4 mmol) and 1,6-dibromopyrene (21 g, ).
화합물 compound D-98D-98 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 18-3 (5 g, 8 mmol) 및 인돌린 (1 mL, 9.6 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 D-88의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-98 (1 g, 43 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-98 (1 g, 43%) was obtained in the same manner as in the synthesis of the compound D-88, using the compound 18-3 (5 g, 8 mmol) and indoline (1 mL, 9.6 mmol).
[[ 실시예Example 19] 화합물 D-153의 제조 19] Preparation of compound D-153
화합물 19-3 (5 g, 8 mmol) 및 1,2,3,4-테트라히드로퀴놀린-6-카보니트릴 (1.5 g, 9.6 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 D-88의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-153 (1 g, 40 %)을 얻었다.
Compound 19-3 (5 g, 8 mmol) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-carbonitrile (1.5 g, 9.6 mmol) by using the compound in the same manner as in Synthesis of Compound D-88 D -153 (1 g, 40%).
[[ 실시예Example 20] 화합물 D-147의 제조 20] Preparation of compound D-147
화합물 20-1의 제조Preparation of Compound 20-1
화합물 A (3 g, 8.6 mmol) 및 1,6-디브로모피렌 (6.2 g, 17.2mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-2의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 20-1 (4 g, 60 %)을 얻었다.Compound 20-1 (4 g, 60%) was reacted with Compound A (3 g, 8.6 mmol) and 1,6-dibromopyrrene (6.2 g, 17.2 mmol) in the same manner as in the synthesis of Compound 16-2 .
화합물 compound D-147D-147 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 20-1 (4 g, 6.4 mmol) 및 1,2,3,4-테트라히드로퀴놀린-6-카보니트릴 (1.2 g, 7.7 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-147 (2.2 g, 50 %)을 얻었다.
Compound 20-1 (4 g, 6.4 mmol) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-carbonitrile (1.2 g, 7.7 mmol) by using the compound in the same manner as in Synthesis of Compound 16-1 D -147 (2.2 g, 50%).
[[ 실시예Example 21] 화합물 D-148의 제조 21] Preparation of compound D-148
화합물 21-2 (6 g, 12.6 mmol) 및 2-페닐-1H-인돌 (3 g, 15.2 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-148 (2 g, 50 %)을 얻었다.
148 (2 g, 50%) was prepared in the same manner as the compound 16-1 using the compound 21-2 (6 g, 12.6 mmol) and 2-phenyl-1H-indole (3 g, 15.2 mmol) ≪ / RTI >
[[ 실시예Example 22] 화합물 D-150의 제조 22] Preparation of compound D-150
화합물 22-1의 제조Preparation of Compound 22-1
2-메틸-1-페닐프로판-1-온 (15.7 mL, 104 mmol) 및 페닐하이드라진 (15 g, 104 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 17-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 22-1 (12 g, 52 %)을 얻었다.Compound 12-1 (12 g, 10 mmol) was treated in the same manner as the compound 17-1 using 2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-l-one (15.7 mL, 104 mmol) and phenylhydrazine (15 g, 52%).
화합물 22-2의 제조Preparation of Compound 22-2
디페닐아민 (8 g, 47.3 mmol) 및 1,6-디브로모피렌 (34 g, 94.6 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-2의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 22-2 (10.6 g, 50 %)을 얻었다.Compound 22-2 (10.6 g, 50%) was obtained in the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 16-2, using diphenylamine (8 g, 47.3 mmol) and 1,6-dibromopyrene (34 g, 94.6 mmol) ≪ / RTI >
화합물 compound D-150D-150 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 22-1 (3.1 g, 13.9 mmol) 및 화합물 22-2 (7.5 g, 16.7 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-150 (12 g, 52 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-150 (12 g, 52%) was obtained in the same manner as the compound 16-1 using the compound 22-1 (3.1 g, 13.9 mmol) and the compound 22-2 (7.5 g, 16.7 mmol).
[[ 실시예Example 23] 화합물 D-144의 제조 23] Preparation of compound D-144
화합물 22-1 (3.1 g, 13.9 mmol) 및 화합물 16-2 (6 g, 12.7 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-144 (1.5 g, 20 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-144 (1.5 g, 20%) was obtained in the same manner as the compound 16-1 using the compound 22-1 (3.1 g, 13.9 mmol) and the compound 16-2 (6 g, 12.7 mmol).
[[ 실시예Example 24] 화합물 D-143의 제조 24] Preparation of compound D-143
화합물 24-1의 제조Preparation of Compound 24-1
2-메틸-1-페닐프로판-1-온 (15 g, 101 mmol) 및 p-시아노페닐히드라진 (17.1 g, 101 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 17-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 24-1 (7.5 g, 30 %)을 얻었다.1-one (15 g, 101 mmol) and p-cyanophenylhydrazine (17.1 g, 101 mmol) in the same manner as in the synthesis of the compound 17-1, the compound 24-1 (7.5 g, 30%).
화합물 compound D-143D-143 의 제조Manufacturing
화합물 24-1 (2.5 g, 10.1 mmol) 및 화합물 16-2 (5 g, 10.6mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-143 (1.25 g, 20 %)을 얻었다.
Compound D-143 (1.25 g, 20%) was obtained in the same manner as the compound 16-1 using the compound 24-1 (2.5 g, 10.1 mmol) and the compound 16-2 (5 g, 10.6 mmol).
[[ 실시예Example 25] 화합물 D-164의 제조 25] Preparation of compound D-164
화합물 16-2 (6.3 g, 13.3 mmol) 및 1,2,3,4-테트라히드로퀴놀린-6-카보니트릴 (2 g, 12.6 mmol)을 사용하여 화합물 16-1의 합성과 똑같은 방법으로 화합물 D-164 (5.4 g, 78 %)을 얻었다.
Compound 16-2 (6.3 g, 13.3 mmol) and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6-carbonitrile (2 g, 12.6 mmol) to give the compound in the same manner as in the synthesis of compound 16-1, using the D -164 (5.4 g, 78%).
상기 실시예 1 내지 25의 방법을 이용하여 유기 전기 발광 소자용 호스트 화합물 H-1 내지 H-62 및 도판트 화합물 D-1 내지 D-184를 제조하였으며, 하기 표 1에 제조된 도판트 화합물들의 수율(%), MS/EIMS, UV(nm) 및 PL(nm)을 나타내었다.
Host compounds H-1 to H-62 and dopant compounds D-1 to D-184 for organic electroluminescent devices were prepared using the methods of Examples 1 to 25, and the dopant compounds Yield (%), MS / EIMS, UV (nm) and PL (nm).
[표 1][Table 1]
[소자 [device 제조예Manufacturing example 1] 본 발명에 따른 유기 1] The organic 전계Field 발광 화합물을 이용한 Using a luminescent compound OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
본 발명의 발광 재료를 이용한 구조의 OLED 소자를 제조하였다. 우선, OLED 용 글래스(삼성-코닝사 제조)로부터 얻어진 투명전극 ITO 박막(15Ω/□)을, 트리클로로에틸렌, 아세톤, 에탄올, 증류수를 순차적으로 사용하여 초음파 세척을 실시한 후, 이소프로판올에 넣어 보관한 후 사용하였다. 다음으로 진공 증착 장비의 기판홀더에 ITO 기판을 장착한 후, 진공 증착장비 내의 셀에 N1,N1'-([1,1'-비페닐]-4,4'-디일)비스(N1-(나프탈렌-1-일)-N4,N4-디페닐벤젠-1,4-디아민)을 넣고 챔버 내의 진공도가 10-6 torr에 도달할 때까지 배기시킨 후, 셀에 전류를 인가하여 증발시켜 ITO 기판 위에 60 nm 두께의 정공주입층을 증착하였다. 이어서, 진공 증착 장비 내의 다른 셀에 N,N'-비스(α-나프틸)-N,N'-디페닐-4,4'-디아민을 넣고, 셀에 전류를 인가하여 증발시켜 정공주입층 위에 20 nm 두께의 정공전달층을 증착하였다. 정공주입층, 정공전달층을 형성시킨 후, 그 위에 발광층을 다음과 같이 증착시켰다. 진공 증착 장비 내의 한쪽 셀에 호스트로서 본원 발명의 화합물 H-26을 넣고, 또 다른 셀에는 도판트로서 본원 발명의 화합물 D-9를 각각 넣은 후, 두 물질을 다른 속도로 증발시켜 도판트와 호스트 전체에 대하여 도판트를 3중량%의 양으로 도핑함으로써 상기 정공전달층 위에 30 nm 두께의 발광층을 증착하였다. 이어서 상기 발광층 위에 한쪽 셀에 2-(4-(9,10-디(나프탈렌-2-일)안트라센-2-일)페닐)-1-페닐-1H-벤조[d]이미다졸을 넣고, 또 다른 셀에는 리튬 퀴놀레이트를 각각 넣은 후, 두 물질을 다른 속도로 증발시켜 한 물질에 대한 다른 물질을 30 내지 70중량%의 양으로 도핑함으로써 30 nm의 전자전달층을 증착하였다. 이어서 전자주입층으로 리튬 퀴놀레이트를 2 nm 두께로 증착한 후, 다른 진공 증착장비를 이용하여 Al 음극을 150 nm의 두께로 증착하여 OLED 소자를 제조하였다. 재료 별로 각 화합물은 10-6 torr하에서 진공 승화 정제하여 사용하였다.An OLED device having a structure using the light emitting material of the present invention was prepared. First, a transparent electrode ITO thin film (15? /?) Obtained from a glass for OLED (manufactured by Samsung Corning) was ultrasonically cleaned using trichlorethylene, acetone, ethanol and distilled water sequentially and stored in isopropanol Respectively. Next, an ITO substrate was mounted on a substrate holder of a vacuum deposition apparatus, and N 1 , N 1 ' - ([1,1'-biphenyl] -4,4'-diyl) bis 1 - (naphthalene- 1 -yl) -N 4 , N 4 -diphenylbenzene-1,4-diamine) was added and the chamber was evacuated until the degree of vacuum reached 10 -6 torr. And evaporated to deposit a 60 nm thick hole injection layer on the ITO substrate. Subsequently, N, N'-bis (α-naphthyl) -N, N'-diphenyl-4,4'-diamine was added to another cell in the vacuum vapor deposition apparatus, Lt; RTI ID = 0.0 > 20 nm < / RTI > A hole injecting layer and a hole transporting layer were formed, and then a light emitting layer was deposited thereon as follows. The compound H-26 of the present invention was added as a host to one cell in a vacuum vapor deposition apparatus and the compound D-9 of the present invention was added as a dopant to another cell. Then, the two substances were evaporated at different rates, A light emitting layer with a thickness of 30 nm was deposited on the hole transport layer by doping the dopant in an amount of 3 wt%. Then, 2- (4- (9,10-di (naphthalen-2-yl) anthracen-2-yl) phenyl) -1-phenyl-1H- benzo [d] imidazole was placed in one cell on the above- The other cells were charged with lithium quinolate, and then the two materials were evaporated at different rates to deposit an electron transport layer of 30 nm by doping another material for one material in an amount of 30 to 70 wt%. Then, lithium quinolate was deposited to a thickness of 2 nm as an electron injecting layer, and an Al cathode was deposited to a thickness of 150 nm using another vacuum vapor deposition apparatus to produce an OLED device. Each compound was purified by vacuum sublimation under 10 -6 torr.
그 결과, 72.2 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 2020 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 169 시간이었다.
As a result, a current of 72.2 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue light emission of 2020 cd / m < 2 > The half-time was 169 hours.
[소자 [device 제조예Manufacturing example 2] 본 발명에 따른 유기 2] The organic 전계Field 발광 화합물을 이용한 Using a luminescent compound OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
발광재료로서 호스트에는 H-1, 도판트에는 화합물 D-9를 사용한 것 외에는 소자 제조예 1과 동일한 방법으로 OLED 소자를 제조하였다.An OLED device was produced in the same manner as in the Device Production Example 1 except that H-1 was used as a host material and D-9 was used as a dopant.
그 결과, 73.9 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 2020 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 162시간이었다.
As a result, a current of 73.9 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue light emission of 2020 cd / m < 2 > was confirmed. The half-time was 162 hours.
[소자 [device 제조예Manufacturing example 3] 본 발명에 따른 유기 3] The organic 전계Field 발광 화합물을 이용한 Using a luminescent compound OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
발광재료로서 호스트에는 H-45, 도판트에는 화합물 D-9를 사용한 것 외에는 소자 제조예 1과 동일한 방법으로 OLED 소자를 제조하였다.An OLED device was manufactured in the same manner as in the Device Production Example 1 except that H-45 was used as a host material and D-9 was used as a dopant.
그 결과, 76.2 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 2020 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 165시간이었다.
As a result, a current of 76.2 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue light emission of 2020 cd / m < 2 > The half-time was 165 hours.
[소자 [device 제조예Manufacturing example 4] 본 발명에 따른 유기 4] The organic 전계Field 발광 화합물을 이용한 Using a luminescent compound OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
발광재료로서 호스트에는 H-49, 도판트에는 화합물 D-9를 사용한 것 외에는 소자 제조예 1과 동일한 방법으로 OLED 소자를 제조하였다.An OLED device was produced in the same manner as in the Device Production Example 1 except that H-49 was used as a host material and D-9 was used as a dopant.
그 결과, 77.2 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 2140 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 164시간이었다.
As a result, a current of 77.2 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue light emission of 2140 cd / m < 2 > The half-time was 164 hours.
[소자 [device 제조예Manufacturing example 5] 본 발명에 따른 유기 5] The organic 전계Field 발광 화합물을 이용한 Using a luminescent compound OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
발광재료로서 호스트에는 H-48, 도판트에는 화합물 D-9를 사용한 것 외에는 소자 제조예 1과 동일한 방법으로 OLED 소자를 제조하였다.An OLED device was manufactured in the same manner as in the Device Production Example 1 except that H-48 was used as a host material and D-9 was used as a dopant.
그 결과, 73.6 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 1890 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 170시간이었다.
As a result, a current of 73.6 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue luminescence of 1890 cd / m < 2 > was confirmed. The half-life time was 170 hours.
[소자 [device 제조예Manufacturing example 6] 본 발명에 따른 유기 6] The organic 전계Field 발광 화합물을 이용한 Using a luminescent compound OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
발광재료로서 호스트에는 H-20, 도판트에는 화합물 D-9를 사용한 것 외에는 소자 제조예 1과 동일한 방법으로 OLED 소자를 제조하였다.An OLED device was manufactured in the same manner as in the Device Production Example 1 except that H-20 was used as a host material and D-9 was used as a dopant.
그 결과, 72.1 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 1890 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 178시간이었다.
As a result, a current of 72.1 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue light emission of 1890 cd / m < 2 > The half-time was 178 hours.
[[ 비교예Comparative Example 1] 종래의 발광 재료를 이용한 1] Using conventional light emitting materials OLEDOLED 소자 제조 Device Manufacturing
발광재료로서 호스트에는 하기 화합물 R-1, 도판트에는 화합물 D-9를 사용한 것 외에는 소자 제조예 1과 동일한 방법으로 OLED 소자를 제조하였다.An OLED device was prepared in the same manner as in the Device Production Example 1 except that the following compound R-1 was used as a host material and D-9 was used as a dopant.
그 결과, 67.6 mA/cm2의 전류가 흘렀으며, 1890 cd/m2의 청색발광이 확인되었다. 반감 시간은 146시간이었다.As a result, a current of 67.6 mA / cm < 2 > flowed and blue light emission of 1890 cd / m < 2 > was confirmed. The half-time was 146 hours.
이상에서 살펴본 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 호스트와 도판트의 조합을 포함하는 유기 전계 발광 소자는 우수한 전류특성을 유지하면서 향상된 수명 특성을 나타냄을 확인할 수 있다.As described above, it can be confirmed that the organic electroluminescent device including the combination of the host and the dopant according to the present invention exhibits improved lifetime characteristics while maintaining excellent current characteristics.
Claims (8)
[화학식 1]
상기 화학식 1에서,
R1 내지 R18은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 할로겐, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C3-C30)사이클로알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C30)알콕시, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, -SiR31R32R33, 시아노 또는 하이드록시이거나; R1 내지 R5 및 R14 내지 R18은 인접한 치환체와 연결되어 (3-30 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 스피로 구조를 형성할 수 있으며, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 질소, 산소 및 황으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자로 대체될 수 있고;
R31 내지 R33은 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 할로겐, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴이며;
Ar1 및 Ar2는 각각 독립적으로 수소, 중수소, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30원)헤테로아릴이거나; Ar1 및 Ar2는 인접한 치환체와 연결되어 (3-30 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 스피로 구조를 형성할 수 있으며, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소 원자는 질소, 산소 및 황으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자로 대체될 수 있고, 단, Ar1 및 Ar2가 동시에 수소는 아니며;
상기 헤테로아릴은 B, N, O, S, P(=O), Si 및 P로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자를 포함한다.
[화학식 2]
상기 화학식 2에서,
Ar3은 치환 또는 비치환된 파이렌이고;
L은 단일결합, 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴렌, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴렌이며;
Ar4 및 Ar5은 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (3-30원)헤테로아릴이거나; Ar4 및 Ar5가 질소 원자와 함께 연결되어 (3-30 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있고, 상기 형성된 고리의 탄소원자는 질소, 산소 및 황으로부터 선택된 하나 이상의 헤테로원자로 대체될 수 있고;
n은 1 내지 3의 정수이며, n이 2 이상인 경우, 각각의 는 동일하거나 상이할 수 있다.
1. An organic electroluminescent device comprising at least one host compound represented by the following formula (1) and at least one dopant compound represented by the following formula (2).
[Chemical Formula 1]
In Formula 1,
R 1 to R 18 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C 3 -C 30) cycloalkyl, alkoxy, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) unsubstituted (3-30 membered) heteroaryl, -SiR 31 R 32 R 33, cyano or hydroxy, or; R 1 to R 5 and R 14 to R 18 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring of (3-30 member) An atom may form a spiro structure and the carbon atom of the ring formed may be replaced by one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur;
R 31 to R 33 each independently represent hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 30) aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted ) Heteroaryl;
Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently hydrogen, deuterium, substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 30) aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted (3-30 membered) heteroaryl; Ar 1 and Ar 2 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring of (3-30 membered), and the carbon atoms of the ring formed form a spiro structure And the carbon atoms of the ring formed may be replaced by one or more heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur provided that Ar 1 and Ar 2 are not simultaneously hydrogen;
The heteroaryl comprises at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of B, N, O, S, P (= O), Si and P.
(2)
In Formula 2,
Ar 3 is substituted or unsubstituted pyrene;
L is a single bond, substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) arylene, or substituted or unsubstituted (3-30 membered) heteroarylene;
Ar 4 and Ar 5 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C30) aryl, or substituted or unsubstituted (3-30 membered heteroaryl); Ar 4 and Ar 5 may be joined together with the nitrogen atom to form a (3-30 membered) substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring, and the carbon atoms of the ring formed may be nitrogen, Lt; / RTI > may be replaced by one or more heteroatoms selected from sulfur;
n is an integer of 1 to 3, and when n is 2 or more, May be the same or different.
상기 화학식 1 및 2의 R1 내지 R18, R31 내지 R33, Ar1 내지 Ar5, 및 L에서 치환 (C1-C30)알킬, 치환 (C3-C30)사이클로알킬, 치환 (C1-C30)알콕시, 치환 (C6-C30)아릴, 치환 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, 치환 파이렌, 치환 (C6-C30)아릴렌, 치환 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴렌의 치환체는 각각 독립적으로 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C30)알킬, 할로겐으로 치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알콕시, (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 중수소로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C3-C30)시클로알킬, (5-7 원)헤테로시클로알킬, 트리(C1-C30)알킬실릴, 트리(C6-C30)아릴실릴, 디(C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C1-C30)알킬디(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C2-C30)알케닐, (C2-C30)알키닐, 시아노, 모노 또는 디(C1-C30)알킬아미노, 모노 또는 디(C6-C30)아릴아미노, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴아미노, 디(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, 디(C1-C30)알킬보로닐, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, (C6-C30)아르(C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴, 카르복실, 니트로 및 히드록시로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 1종 이상인 것인 유기 전계 발광 소자.
The method according to claim 1,
Substituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, substituted (C 3 -C 30) cycloalkyl, substituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl, or substituted (C 1 -C 30) alkyl in R 1 to R 18 , R 31 to R 33 , Ar 1 to Ar 5 , (C6-C30) aryl, substituted (3-30 membered heteroaryl, substituted pyrene, substituted (C6-C30) arylene and substituted (3-30 membered heteroarylene) substituents are each independently selected from the group consisting of deuterium (C6-C30) alkoxy substituted by halogen, (C1-C30) alkyl, (C1-C30) alkyl substituted by halogen, (C6-C30) aryl (C6-30 aryl), (C6-30 aryl), (3-30 membered heteroaryl, 3-30 membered heteroaryl substituted by (C6-30) aryl, (C3-C30) cycloalkyl, (5-7 membered) heterocycloalkyl, tri (C1-C30) alkylsilyl, tri (C6-C30) arylsilyl (C1-C30) alkylsilyl, (C2-C30) alkenyl, (C2-C30) alkynyl, cyano, Mono or di (C1-C30) alkylamino, (C1-C30) alkylamino, di (C6-C30) arylamino, di- (C1-C30) alkyl, (C6-C30) arylcarbonyl, (C6-C30) aryl Wherein the organic electroluminescent element is at least one selected from the group consisting of organic electroluminescent elements.
Ar1 및 Ar2는 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (5-20 원)헤테로아릴인 것인 유기 전계 발광 소자.
The method of claim 1, wherein in Formula 1 R 1 to R 18 each independently represent hydrogen, deuterium, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted (C1-C10) alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C20) aryl, or Substituted or unsubstituted (5-20 membered) heteroaryl; R 1 to R 5 may be connected to adjacent substituents to form a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent or polycyclic alicyclic or aromatic ring of (5-20) atoms, and the ring formed may form a spiro structure ;
Ar 1 and Ar 2 are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C20) aryl, or a substituted or unsubstituted (5-20 membered) heteroaryl.
L은 단일결합, 또는 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴렌이며;
Ar4 및 Ar5는 각각 독립적으로 치환 또는 비치환된 (C6-C20)아릴이거나, Ar4 및 Ar5가 질소 원자와 함께 연결되어 (5-20 원)의 치환 또는 비치환된 단일환 또는 다환의 지환족 또는 방향족 고리를 형성할 수 있는 것인 유기 전계 발광 소자.
2. The compound according to claim 1, wherein Ar 3 in the formula (2) is (5- (C 1 -C 6) alkyl) (5-15 membered) heteroaryl substituted with (C1-C6) alkyl, (C6-C15) aryl, (C1-C6) alkyl or
L is a single bond, or a substituted or unsubstituted (C6-C20) arylene;
Ar 4 and Ar 5 are each independently substituted or unsubstituted (C 6 -C 20) aryl, or Ar 4 and Ar 5 are connected together with the nitrogen atom to form a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic An alicyclic group or an aromatic ring of a ring.
상기 A는 중수소, 할로겐, (C1-C30)알킬, 할로겐으로 치환된 (C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알콕시, (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, 중수소로 치환된 (C6-C30)아릴, (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴로 치환된 (3-30 원)헤테로아릴, (C3-C30)시클로알킬, (5-7 원)헤테로시클로알킬, 트리(C1-C30)알킬실릴, 트리(C6-C30)아릴실릴, 디(C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C1-C30)알킬디(C6-C30)아릴실릴, (C2-C30)알케닐, (C2-C30)알키닐, 시아노, 모노 또는 디(C1-C30)알킬아미노, 모노 또는 디(C6-C30)아릴아미노, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴아미노, 디(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, 디(C1-C30)알킬보로닐, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴보로닐, (C6-C30)아르(C1-C30)알킬, (C1-C30)알킬(C6-C30)아릴, 카르복실, 니트로, 및 히드록시이고;
m은 0 내지 4의 정수이다.
The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein Ar 3 in Formula 2 is selected from the following structures.
Wherein A is substituted by deuterium, halogen, (C1-C30) alkyl, (C1-C30) alkyl substituted by halogen, (C1- C30) alkoxy, (C6-C30) aryl, (C6-C30) aryl substituted by deuterium, (3-30) heteroaryl, (3-30) heteroaryl substituted by (C6- (C3-C30) cycloalkyl, (5-7 membered) heterocycloalkyl, tri (C1-C30) alkylsilyl, tri (C6-30) (C2-C30) arylsilyl, di (C1-C30) alkyl (C6-C30) arylsilyl, (C1- (C6-C30) arylamino, di (C6-C30) arylboronyl (C1-C30) alkylamino, mono- or di (C1-C30) alkylcarbonyl, (C1-C30) alkylcarbonyl, (C1-C30) alkylcarbamoyl, C30) aryl, carboxyl, nitro, and hydroxy;
m is an integer of 0 to 4;
2. The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein Ar < 4 > and Ar < 5 > in the formula (2) together with the nitrogen atom form a ring selected from the following structures.
The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 1 is selected from the following structures.
The organic electroluminescent device according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by Formula 2 is selected from the following structures.
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