KR20140072934A - Encapsulation composition for a solarcell and preparing process fo the sheet using the same - Google Patents
Encapsulation composition for a solarcell and preparing process fo the sheet using the same Download PDFInfo
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- KR20140072934A KR20140072934A KR1020120138899A KR20120138899A KR20140072934A KR 20140072934 A KR20140072934 A KR 20140072934A KR 1020120138899 A KR1020120138899 A KR 1020120138899A KR 20120138899 A KR20120138899 A KR 20120138899A KR 20140072934 A KR20140072934 A KR 20140072934A
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- South Korea
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- weight
- solar cell
- parts
- sheet
- crown
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 15-crown-5 compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- VFTFKUDGYRBSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 15-crown-5 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCO1 VFTFKUDGYRBSAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical class C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003985 15-crown-5 derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003990 18-crown-6 derivatives Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 46
- KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(prop-2-enyl)-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound C=CCN1C(=O)N(CC=C)C(=O)N(CC=C)C1=O KOMNUTZXSVSERR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octabenzone Chemical compound OC1=CC(OCCCCCCCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QUAMTGJKVDWJEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001451 organic peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVGXBYVKFQJQGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tert-butylperoxy-2-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC=C1OOC(C)(C)C WVGXBYVKFQJQGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQOVXPHOJANJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(tert-butylperoxy)butane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(CC)OOC(C)(C)C HQOVXPHOJANJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YGFLYIFQVUCTCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexoxy 2-methylbutan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COOC(=O)OC(C)(C)CC YGFLYIFQVUCTCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWOITHKYQUJGSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-ylperoxycyclohexane Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)OOC1CCCCC1 BWOITHKYQUJGSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C(C)=C)COC(=O)C(C)=C OKKRPWIIYQTPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCCCCC(=O)OCC SHZIWNPUGXLXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DLSMLZRPNPCXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C DLSMLZRPNPCXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/159—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having more than two oxygen atoms in the ring
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/10—Metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/06—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/34—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/3467—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring having more than two nitrogen atoms in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/45—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur in the ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/48—Selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
- C08L2203/162—Applications used for films sealable films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/204—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 전기절연성이 우수한 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물 및 이를 이용한 봉지재 시트의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 자세하게는 봉지재로 사용되는 에틸렌-비닐아세테이트 공중합체에 특정한 구조의 금속이온 포집제를 첨가하여 누설전류의 발생에 의한 모듈기능저하를 억제함으로써 전기절연성이 우수하여 태양전지의 장기 안정성에 기여하는 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물 및 이를 이용한 봉지재 시트의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sealing material composition for a solar cell having excellent electrical insulation and a method for producing an encapsulating material sheet using the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer used for encapsulating material, The present invention relates to a solar cell encapsulant composition which is excellent in electric insulation and suppresses deterioration of a module function due to generation of a leakage current and contributes to long-term stability of a solar cell, and a method of manufacturing an encapsulating material sheet using the same.
최근 들어, 한정된 에너지 자원의 고갈위기를 극복하고 자연친화적으로 환경오염을 일으키지 않는 에너지로 무공해, 무소음, 무한 공급 에너지라는 이유로 태양을 이용한 태양전지가 최근 각광을 받고 있는데, 이러한 태양전지에 있어서 태양전지모듈은 광전효과를 이용하여 빛 에너지를 전기에너지로 변환시키는 반도체 소자로서, 태양전지의 이용에 있어 핵심적인 소재인데, 일반적으로 이러한 태양전지의 모듈은 유리기판, 봉지재 시트, 태양전지셀, 봉지재 시트, 백시트를 순서대로 적층한 후 가열 가압하여 봉지재 시트를 가교 경화시켜 구성성분들을 접착 일체화시킴으로써 제조한다.In recent years, solar cells using solar energy have recently come into the spotlight because of energy that does not cause environmental pollution due to environment-friendly, pollution-free, noiseless, and infinite supply energy while overcoming the exhaustion crisis of limited energy resources. A module is a semiconductor device that converts light energy into electric energy by using a photoelectric effect and is a core material in the use of solar cells. Generally, such a module of a solar cell includes a glass substrate, a sealing material sheet, A sheet, a back sheet, and a back sheet are laminated in this order, followed by heating and pressing to crosslink and cure the sealing sheet to bond and integrate the constituent components.
한편, 상기한 바와 같은 태양전지 모듈의 제작에 있어서 가장 널리 사용되는 봉지재로는 에틸렌-비닐아세테이트 공중합체가 있으며 비닐아세테이트는 일반적으로 20 내지 40%의 중량비로 사용된다. 그러나, 태양전지는 외부에서 장기간에 걸쳐 사용되기 때문에 모듈에 사용된 봉지재는 시간이 지남에 따라 UV, 열, 수분 등의 요인에 의해서 구조적인 변형을 통한 변색 등의 현상이 발생하여 궁극적으로는 모듈의 효율을 저하시킨다. 따라서, 이러한 효율 저하를 방지하기 위하여 자외선 흡수제, 산화 방지제나 열 안정제 등의 첨가제가 봉지제의 성형시에 함께 사용되어 왔다. 그러나, 이러한 부가제들의 첨가에도 불구하고 봉지재 안정성 저하에 의한 효율저하는 여전히 중요한 해결 과제로 남아있다.On the other hand, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is most widely used as an encapsulating material most widely used in manufacturing the above-described solar cell module, and vinyl acetate is generally used in a weight ratio of 20 to 40%. However, since the solar cell is used from outside for a long period of time, the encapsulant used in the module is subject to a phenomenon such as discoloration due to structural deformation due to factors such as UV, heat, and moisture over time, . Therefore, additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, and a heat stabilizer have been used together to form an encapsulant in order to prevent such deterioration of efficiency. However, despite the addition of these additives, the reduction in efficiency due to the degradation of the sealing material stability still remains as an important problem.
일반적으로 태양전지는 고전압을 얻기 위한 모듈 어레이를 통하여 약 1,000V 까지의 시스템 전압이 발생하며 모듈 간 전위차에 의한 전류의 누설이 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 과정에 의해 유리에 함유된 금속이온이 해리되어 셀 표면까지 이동하여 축적되고 이것은 지속적인 셀의 전기적 특성저하를 유발한다. 이러한 현상은 일반적으로 발전효율 감소 현상(potential induced degradation; PID)으로 알려져 있는 효율저하 현상의 원인 중의 하나로 생각되고 있으며 태양전지 모듈 설치 후에 흔히 나타나는 문제이다. 특히, 비나 이슬 등에 의해서 모듈 표면이 젖어있을 때에는 누설전류 발생이 증가하여 모듈의 성능에 심각한 저하를 가져온다. Generally, a solar cell generates a system voltage up to about 1,000 V through a module array for obtaining a high voltage, and current leakage may occur due to a potential difference between the modules. By this process, the metal ions contained in the glass dissociate and migrate to the cell surface and accumulate, which causes continuous deterioration of the electrical properties of the cell. This phenomenon is considered to be one of the causes of efficiency deterioration generally known as potential induced degradation (PID) and is a common problem after the installation of the solar cell module. Particularly, when the surface of the module is wet by rain or dew, leakage current is increased and the performance of the module is seriously degraded.
현재 태양전지 모듈의 인증시험에서도 PID 영향에 대한 정확한 평가가 이루어지지 않고 있으며 이의 해결을 위해서는 적합한 셀 개발, 모듈 어레이 시스템 개발 및 보다 절연성이 큰 소재의 사용 등이 제안되고 있으나 아직까지 적절한 해결책이 전혀 제시되고 있지 못한 실정이다.
Currently, there is no accurate evaluation of PID influence in the certification test of solar cell module. To solve this problem, development of suitable cell, development of module array system and use of material with higher insulation have been proposed. However, It is not presented.
따라서, 본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술에 있어서의 기술적 문제점을 감안하여 된 것으로, 본 발명의 주요 목적은 상기한 종래의 태양전지 봉지재로 사용되는 폴리에틸렌-비닐아세테이트에 금속이온 특히 Na+, Ca2 +을 강력하게 포집할 수 있는 금속 포집제를 첨가하여 사용함으로써 이러한 금속 이온이 유리로부터 분리되어 봉지재를 통하여 셀의 표면까지 이동하여 축적되는 것을 원천적으로 차단하여 셀에서 발생한 전류의 손실을 방지할 수 있는 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물을 제공하기 위한 것이다.Accordingly, the present invention is to be in view of the technical problems in the prior art described above, the main object of the present invention is a polyethylene which is used in the conventional solar cell encapsulating material above-ion metal vinyl acetate in particular Na +, Ca 2 + Is added to the glass to prevent the metal ions from separating from the glass and moving to the surface of the cell through the encapsulation material to prevent accumulation of electric current in the cell To provide a solar cell encapsulating material composition.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기한 우수한 특성을 가지는 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물을 사용하여 봉지재 시트를 제조하는 방법을 제공하기 위한 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an encapsulating material sheet using the encapsulating material composition for a solar cell having the above excellent properties.
본 발명은 또한 상기한 명확한 목적 이외에 본 명세서의 전반적인 기술로부터 이 분야의 통상인에 의해 용이하게 도출될 수 있는 다른 목적을 달성함을 그 목적으로 할 수 있다.
The present invention may also be directed to accomplishing other objects that can be easily derived by those skilled in the art from the overall description of the present specification, other than the above-described and obvious objects.
상기한 본원발명의 목적은, 본 발명자 등이 상술한 바와 같이 태양전지에 사용되는 저철분 강화유리는 일반적으로 소듐옥사이드(Na2O)가 10 내지 15%, 칼슘옥사이드 (CaO)가 5 내지 10% 가 함유하고 있고, 장기간의 사용, 고온, 다습의 조건에서는 금속이온이 해리되어 봉지재를 통과하여 태양전지 셀의 표면까지 이동이 가능하다는 것과, 모듈 어레이에 의한 전위차 발생으로 셀과 프레임 사이의 전류의 누설현상에 의해서 이러한 금속이온의 이동이 가속화되어 전지의 효율이 저하된다는 문제를 발생시킬 수 있기 때문에 유리로부터의 금속이온의 이동을 원천적으로 방지하는 것이 필요하다는 것과, 그리고 아울러 이 금속 이온은 봉지재 물질인 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 분자의 가수분해를 촉진하여 봉지재의 내구성을 약화시켜서 모듈의 장기 안정성을 저해하기 때문에 이의 방지를 위해서는 이 금속이온을 선택적으로 강하게 포집할 수 있는 물질을 봉지재와 함께 사용하는 것이 효과적이라는 판단에 따라서, 본 발명자들은 상기한 사실로부터 금속이온 포집 물질로서 폴리에틸렌-비닐아세테이트 공중합체 봉지재와의 상용성이 우수하여 사용에 제약이 없는 특정한 구조의 크라운에테르 화합물을 선정하여 사용한 결과 고온다습의 조건에서도 장기간 안정적으로 사용하는 것이 가능한 태양전지를 개발할 수 있게 되어 달성되었다.
The object of the present invention is to provide a low iron tempered glass for use in a solar cell as described above, which comprises 10 to 15% of sodium oxide (Na 2 O) and 5 to 10% of calcium oxide (CaO) %, And that metal ions can dissociate under long-term use, high temperature, and high humidity conditions, can move through the encapsulant to the surface of the solar cell, and that the potential difference between the cell and the frame It is necessary to prevent the migration of the metal ions from the glass because the migration of the metal ions accelerates due to the leakage of the electric current and the efficiency of the battery is lowered. It promotes the hydrolysis of the ethylene vinyl acetate molecule, which is the encapsulating material, and weakens the durability of the encapsulant, thereby reducing the long-term stability of the module. The inventors of the present invention have found that it is effective to use a substance capable of selectively and strongly collecting these metal ions together with the encapsulant in order to prevent the occurrence of the problem, It is possible to develop a solar cell which can be used stably for a long period of time under high temperature and high humidity conditions by using a crown ether compound having a specific structure which is excellent in compatibility with an encapsulant and has no particular restriction on use.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 전기절연성이 우수한 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물은;In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a sealing composition for a solar cell having excellent electrical insulation;
에틸렌비닐아세테이트 공중합 수지를 주제로 하며, 여기에 상기 수지 중량에 대해 과산화물 0.1 내지 5중량부와 금속이온 포집제 0.01 내지 5 중량부가 핵심 첨가제로 부가된 것임을 특징으로 한다.Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of peroxide and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a metal ion scavenger are added as core additives to the weight of the resin.
본 발명의 다른 구성에 따르면, 상기 금속이온 포집제는 하기 구조식에서 나타내는 것과 같은 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6 골격을 가지면서 골격에 알킬기나 아릴기가 부가 또는 융합되어 있는 크라운 에테르임을 특징으로 한다:According to another embodiment of the present invention, the metal ion trapping agent is a crown ether having an alkyl group or an aryl group added or fused to the skeleton thereof, having a 15-crown-5, 18-crown- :
여기서, A는 O, S, Se, NH 중에서 선택된 것임.Here, A is selected from O, S, Se, NH.
본 발명의 또 다른 구성에 따르면, 상기 금속이온 포집제는 유리에서 해리되는 Na+과 Ca2 +을 효과적으로 포집하도록 Na+ 이온에 대해서는 15-crown-5 화합물이, Ca2+ 이온에 대해서는 18-crown-6 화합물이 단독 또는 함께 사용되는 것임을 특징으로 한다.According to a further configuration of the invention, the metal ion scavenger is a 15-crown-5 compound for Na + and Na + ions so as to effectively capture the Ca 2 + in the glass is dissociated, with respect to the Ca 2+ ions 18 the crown-6 compound is used singly or in combination.
본 발명의 또 구성에 따르면, 상기 봉지재 조성물은 2중량부를 초과하지 않는 가교조제와 0.01 내지 3중량부의 실란화합물, 자외선흡수제 및 광안정제가 더 부가되어 배합된 것임을 특징으로 한다.According to another embodiment of the present invention, the encapsulating material composition is characterized by further comprising a crosslinking auxiliary which does not exceed 2 parts by weight and 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of a silane compound, an ultraviolet absorber and a light stabilizer.
본 발명의 또 구성에 따르면, 상기 크라운 에테르 화합물은 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6의 골격을 가지는 화합물로서 금속이온을 킬레이션하기 위해 포함된 원소가 산소, 질소, 셀레늄 또는 황인 것임을 특징으로 한다.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the crown ether compound is a compound having a skeleton of 15-crown-5 and 18-crown-6, characterized in that the element included for chelating metal ions is oxygen, nitrogen, selenium or sulfur .
상기한 다른 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 절연성이 우수한 태양전지용 봉지재 시트의 제조방법은;According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a sealing material sheet for a solar cell,
에틸렌비닐아세테이트 공중합 수지를 주제로 하며, 여기에 상기 수지 중량에 대해 과산화물 0.1 내지 5중량부와 금속이온 포집제 0.01 내지 5 중량부가 핵심 첨가제로 부가되어 조성된 봉지재 조성물을 칼렌다 또는 티-다이(T-die) 압출의 방법으로 시트로 성형하는 것임을 특징으로 한다.
Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of peroxide with respect to the weight of the resin and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a metal ion collector are added as core additives to a calender or a Ti-die T-die) is extruded into a sheet.
상기한 또 다른 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 절연성이 우수한 태양전지 모듈은;According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell module having excellent insulation characteristics.
유리기판, 봉지재 시트, 태양전지셀, 봉지재 시트, 백시트가 순서대로 적층된 후 가열 가압된 것으로, 상기 봉지재 시트는 에틸렌비닐아세테이트 공중합 수지를 주제로 하며, 여기에 상기 수지 중량에 대해 과산화물 0.1 내지 5중량부와 금속이온 포집제 0.01 내지 5 중량부가 핵심 첨가제로 부가되어 조성된 봉지재 조성물을 칼렌다 또는 티-다이(T-die) 압출의 방법으로 시트로 성형한 것임을 특징으로 한다.
Wherein the sealing material sheet is made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and the weight of the resin is about 1 to about 10 wt.% Based on the weight of the resin, wherein the sealing material sheet is formed by laminating a glass substrate, an encapsulating material sheet, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a peroxide and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a metal ion scavenger are added as a core additive, and the resulting encapsulant composition is shaped into a sheet by calendering or T-die extrusion.
상기와 같이 구성되는 본 발명의 절연성이 우수한 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물은 과산화물 및 크라운에테르를 부가하여 조성하므로 유리에서 해리되는 금속이온의 선별적 포집반응에 의하여 금속이온이 셀 표면에 적층되는 것과 봉지재 분자의 가수분해를 억제하므로 고온다습한 가혹조건 및 전위차로 인한 누설전류가 발생하는 조건에서도 셀 및 봉지재를 효과적으로 보호하여 장기간 사용시에도 태양전지 성능저하 방지 및 봉지재의 구조 및 기능을 안정하게 유지하는 봉지재 시트의 제공을 가능하게 하여 종래의 기술적 문제를 해결하였다.
The encapsulating composition for a solar cell according to the present invention having the above-described structure having the above-described constitution is obtained by addition of peroxide and crown ether, so that metal ions are deposited on the surface of the cell by the selective trapping reaction of metal ions dissociated from the glass, It prevents the hydrolysis of the molecules and protects the cells and encapsulant effectively even under conditions of high temperature and high humidity and leakage current due to potential difference. Therefore, it prevents the degradation of solar cell performance and maintains the structure and function of encapsulant stably Thereby enabling the provision of an encapsulating material sheet and solving the conventional technical problems.
이하, 본 발명을 바람직한 실시형태에 의해 더욱 자세하게 설명한다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the preferred embodiments.
본 발명의 바람직한 실시형태에 따른 절연성이 우수한 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물은 에틸렌-비닐아세테이트 수지와 아세틸기를 통한 가교반응을 진행시킬 수 있는 적당한 과산화물 및 금속이온 포집제인 크라운에테르 화합물, 그리고 부가적으로 가교조제와 실란커플링제, 자외선흡수제, 광안정제 등을 첨가하여 이루어진다.The encapsulating material composition for a solar cell according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has excellent insulating properties, and it is a suitable peroxide capable of accelerating a crosslinking reaction between an ethylene-vinyl acetate resin and an acetyl group, a crown ether compound as a metal ion collector, A silane coupling agent, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, and the like.
통상적으로, 태양전지용 모듈의 유리에서 해리되는 금속이온으로는 Na+과 Ca2+가 일반적이다. 이는 태양전지용 유리를 제조하는데 있어서 사용된 물질로부터 유래하는 것으로 일반적으로 소듐옥사이드(Na2O)가 10 내지 15%, 칼슘옥사이드 (CaO)가 5 내지 10%가 함유되어 있다. 필드에서의 장기간 사용되고 자외선 조사나 고온다습한 조건이 지속적으로 반복되기 때문에 유리에 함유된 금속이온이 해리되어 나오고 태양전지의 전위차 발생으로 인한 분극에 의하여 전류의 흐름을 통하여 모듈 내부로 이동이 지속적으로 진행된다. 금속이온은 셀 표면에 축적되어 전류누설을 통한 전기적 성능을 약화시키며, 봉지재 분자의 가수분해를 촉진하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 금속이온은 유리와 셀 사이의 가교역할을 하는 봉지재 층에서 차단하는 것이 가장 이상적이라 할 수 있다. 이러한 금속이온을 선택적으로 강하게 포집하기 위해서는 다양한 물질이 사용될 수 있고, 예를 들면 폴리아민 화합물, 폴리유기산 화합물, 폴리머캡토 화합물 및 폴리에테르 화합물 등이 있다. 이러한 화합물은 알킬 또는 아릴형 구조를 가지면서 사슬형태로 존재하거나 고리 형태로 존재한다. 그러나, 폴리아민 화합물이나 폴리유기산 화합물 또는 폴리머캡토 화합물은 봉지재와 함께 사용할 경우 봉지재를 가수분해를 촉진하여 안정성을 약화시키거나, 황변 및 냄새의 원인이 될 수 있어 태양전지 모듈에 안정적으로 사용하는데 어려움이 있다. 또한, 금속이온 포집제는 봉지재인 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트와 상용성이 우수한 물질을 사용하는 것이 효과 면에서 바람직하다. 이에 본 발명자들은 연구를 거듭한 결과 태양전지 구성 소재의 안정성에 영향을 주지 않으면서 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트와 뛰어난 상용성을 가지고 높은 금속이온 포집 효과를 가지는 물질로는 고리형의 크라운에테르 화합물이 가장 우수함을 밝혀내어 발명을 완성하게 되었다. Typically, Na + and Ca 2+ are common metal ions dissociated from the glass of a solar cell module. This is derived from the materials used in the production of solar cell glass, and generally contains 10-15% of sodium oxide (Na 2 O) and 5-10% of calcium oxide (CaO). Because it is used for a long time in the field and ultraviolet ray irradiation or high temperature and high humidity conditions are continuously repeated, the metal ions contained in the glass dissociate and the electric current flows due to the polarization caused by the potential difference of the solar cell, It proceeds. It is known that metal ions accumulate on the cell surface to weaken the electrical performance through current leakage and promote the hydrolysis of the sealant molecules. It is most ideal to block metal ions in the encapsulant layer, which acts as a bridge between the glass and the cell. In order to selectively and strongly collect these metal ions, various materials can be used, and examples thereof include polyamine compounds, poly organic acid compounds, polymer capto compounds, and polyether compounds. These compounds exist in the form of chains having an alkyl or aryl-type structure or in the form of a ring. However, a polyamine compound, a poly organic acid compound, or a polymer capped compound, when used together with an encapsulating material, promotes hydrolysis of the encapsulating material to weaken the stability, or cause yellowing and odor, There is a difficulty. In addition, it is preferable that the metal ion trapping agent is a material having excellent compatibility with ethylene vinyl acetate which is a sealing material. As a result, the inventors of the present invention have found that cyclic crown ether compounds are the most excellent substances having high compatibility with ethylene vinyl acetate and having a high metal ion trapping effect without affecting the stability of the constituent materials of the solar cell I found out that I completed my invention.
본 발명에 따르면, 적당한 금속이온 포집제를 위하여 먼저 금속이온의 크기를 일차적으로 고려하여 사용되는 크라운에테르의 종류를 선별하는 것이 바람직하다. Na+을 선택적으로 포집하는 데는 15-crown-5 골격을 가지는 화합물이 가장 적당하며, Ca2 +을 포집하는 데는 18-crown-6 골격을 가지는 화합물이 가장 적당하다. 본 발명에서 사용되는 대표적인 크라운에테르 화합물을 하기 구조식으로 나타내었지만, 이에 한정되는 것이 아니며, 하기 구조식으로 제시된 물질뿐만이 아니라 15-crown-5 또는 18-crown-6 골격을 가지면서 골격에 알킬기나 아릴기가 부가 또는 융합되어 있는 물질이 제한 없이 사용될 수 있다. According to the present invention, it is preferable to first select the type of crown ether to be used in consideration of the size of the metal ion for a suitable metal ion capturing agent. There is a compound having the 15-crown-5 framework for selectively collecting the Na +, and most suitably, for collecting There Ca 2 + a compound having the 18-crown-6 framework is most suitable. Representative crown ether compounds used in the present invention are represented by the following structural formulas, but are not limited thereto. In addition to the materials shown in the following structural formulas, alkylene or aryl groups having 15-crown-5 or 18-crown- Substances which are added or fused may be used without limitation.
상기 구조식에서, A는 O, S, Se 또는 NH임.
In the above formula, A is O, S, Se or NH.
본 발명의 다른 바람직한 실시형태에 따르면, 상기 금속이온 포집제로 사용된 크라운에테르 화합물은 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 100 중량에 대해서 0.01 내지 5 중량부를, 바람직하게는 0.1 내지 2중량부를 사용하는 것이다. 0.01 보다 적게 사용하면 충분한 포집효과를 내기가 어려우며, 5 중량부 보다 많이 사용하면 봉지재의 접착력과 경제성에서 바람직하지 않다.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crown ether compound used as the metal ion scavenger is used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of ethylene vinyl acetate. If it is used in an amount less than 0.01, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient collecting effect, and if it is used in an amount more than 5 parts by weight, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of adhesiveness and economical efficiency of the sealing material.
본 발명의 또 다른 바람직한 실시형태에 따르면, 봉지재 시트에 사용되는 유기 과산화물은 2,2-디(t-부틸퍼옥시)부탄, t-부틸-퍼옥시 아이소프로필벤젠, 1,1-디-(t-아밀퍼옥시)사이클로헥산, t-부틸 퍼옥시-2-에틸헥실 카보네이트, t-아밀(2-에틸헥실)모노퍼옥시 카르보네이트, t-부틸퍼옥시 아세테이트, t-아밀퍼옥시-2-에틸헥사노에이트, 2,5-디메틸-2,5-비스(t-부틸퍼옥시)헥산, t-부틸퍼옥시-2-에틸헥사노에이트 중에서 선택되는 1종 혹은 2종을 사용할 수 있다. According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the organic peroxide used in the encapsulant sheet is selected from the group consisting of 2,2-di (t-butylperoxy) butane, t-butylperoxyisopropylbenzene, (t-amylperoxy) cyclohexane, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexylcarbonate, t-amyl (2-ethylhexyl) monoperoxycarbonate, t-butylperoxyacetate, 2-ethylhexanoate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane, and t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate. .
상기 과산화물의 사용량은 EVA 공중합체 100 중량부에 대하여 0.1 내지 5 중량부를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. The amount of the peroxide to be used is preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the EVA copolymer.
본 발명의 또 다른 바람직한 실시형태에 따르면, 봉지재 시트에 사용되는 가교조제로는 트리알릴 아이소시아누레이트, 트리 알릴 아이소시아네이트, 트리메티롤프로판-트리-메타아크릴레이트 등을 들 수 있으며 2중량부 이내에서 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crosslinking aid used for the sealing material sheet includes triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl isocyanate, trimethylol propane-tri-methacrylate, It is preferable to use it within the above range.
본 발명에 따르면, 상기 접착 보조제로 사용될 수 있는 실란 커플링제로는 비닐기, 아크릴록시기, 메타아크릴록시기와 같은 불포화기, 아미노기, 에폭시기 등과 함께, 알콕시기와 같은 가수 분해 가능한 기를 갖는 화합물을 들 수 있다. 실란 커플링제로서 구체적으로는 비닐트리에톡시실록산, 비닐트리메톡시실록산, γ-메타아크릴록시프로필트리에톡시실록산 등이 있으며 0.01 ~ 3 중량부를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.According to the present invention, the silane coupling agent that can be used as the adhesion promoter includes a compound having a hydrolyzable group such as an alkoxy group together with an unsaturated group such as a vinyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloxy group, an amino group, an epoxy group, have. Specific examples of the silane coupling agent include vinyltriethoxysiloxane, vinyltrimethoxysiloxane and? -Methacryloxypropyltriethoxysiloxane, and it is preferable to use 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of the silane coupling agent.
본 발명의 다른 바람직한 실시형태에 따르면, 본 발명의 봉지재 시트는 상기한 바와 같이 필요에 따라 기타 각종 첨가제를 첨가할 수 있는데, 본 발명에 따라 첨가될 수 있는 상기 각종 첨가제로는, 광안정제, 자외선흡수제, 산화방지제 등을 들 수 있다.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the encapsulating material sheet of the present invention may contain other various additives as required, as described above. Examples of the various additives that can be added according to the present invention include light stabilizers, Ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, and the like.
본 발명의 다른 바람직한 실시형태에 따르면, 금속이온 포집제는 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 및 가교제로서의 유기과산화물, 가교조제, 실란커플링제, 산화방지제, 자외선흡수제 및 광안정제 등의 첨가제와 함께 배합하여 압출하여 시트로 성형하거나 시트성형 중에 단독으로 투입하여 사용할 수 있다.According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the metal ion scavenger is blended with ethylene vinyl acetate and additives such as organic peroxide as a crosslinking agent, a crosslinking aid, a silane coupling agent, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber and a light stabilizer, Or may be used alone during molding or sheet molding.
본 발명의 또 다른 바람직한 실시형태에 따르면, 본 발명의 태양전지용 봉지재 시트는 전술한 바와 같은 본 발명에 따른 봉지재 조성물을 이용하여 T-다이(die) 압출이나 캘린더공정으로 200 내지 1000mm의 두께로 가공하여 봉지재 시트를 제조할 수 있다.
According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the encapsulating material sheet for a solar cell of the present invention can be produced by a T-die extrusion or calendering process using the encapsulating material composition according to the present invention as described above to a thickness of 200 to 1000 mm To produce an encapsulating material sheet.
상기한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 태양전지용 봉지재 조성물은 적당한 크라운에테르 화합물의 선택을 통하여 유리에서 해리 전이되는 금속이온을 포집하여 셀 표면에서의 축적을 방지함은 물론 봉지재의 가수분해를 방지하여, 이러한 봉지재 조성물에 의해 제조된 시트, 그리고 이를 이용한 태양전지 모듈의 장기안정성을 우수하게 한다.
As described above, the sealing composition for a solar cell according to the present invention collects metal ions which dissociate from the glass through selection of an appropriate crown ether compound, thereby preventing accumulation on the cell surface as well as preventing hydrolysis of the sealing material , The sheet produced by the sealing composition, and the solar cell module using the same.
이하, 본 발명을 실시예 및 비교예에 의해 보다 구체적으로 설명하지만, 본 발명의 범위를 이들 실시예에 한정하기 위한 것이 아님은 물론이다.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, but it goes without saying that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
실시예 1Example 1
에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 공중합체(비닐아세테이트 함량 28중량%, 멜트 플로우 레이트 15g/10분) 100 중량부에 대해, 5-디메틸-2,5-비스(t-부틸퍼옥시)헥산(알케마사제, 루페록스 101) 1.0 중량부, 가교조제로 트리알릴 아이소시아누레이트(일본화성제, TAIC) 0.8 중량부, UV 흡수제로 2-하이드록시-4-옥틸록시벤조피논(스미토모화학사제, sumisorb 130) 0.1 중량부 및 15-crown-5 (Aldrich 사제) 1 중량부, 18-crown-6 (Aldrich사제) 1중량부를 배합하여, 직경 104mm 트윈 압출기로 110℃ 미만의 온도로 압출하여 500μm의 시트를 제조하였다.
Dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane (available from Alchemase, lupe) was added to 100 parts by weight of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (vinyl acetate content 28 wt%, melt flow rate 15 g / 10 min) 0.8 parts by weight of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a crosslinking aid, 0.1 part by weight of 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzopyrone (sumisorb 130, Sumitomo Chemical Co., 1 part by weight of 15-crown-5 (manufactured by Aldrich) and 1 part by weight of 18-crown-6 (manufactured by Aldrich) were mixed and extruded at a temperature of less than 110 ° C by a twin extruder having a diameter of 104 mm to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 500 μm .
실시예 2Example 2
에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 공중합체(비닐아세테이트 함량 28중량%, 멜트 플로우 레이트 15g/10분) 100 중량부에 대해, 5-디메틸-2,5-비스(t-부틸퍼옥시)헥산(알케마사제, 루페록스 101) 1.0 중량부, 가교조제로 트리알릴 아이소시아누레이트(일본화성제, TAIC) 0.8 중량부, UV 흡수제로 2-하이드록시-4-옥틸록시벤조피논(스미토모화학사제, sumisorb 130) 0.1 중량부 및 15-crown-5 (Aldrich 사제) 1 중량부를 배합하여, 직경 104mm 트윈 압출기로 110℃ 미만의 온도로 압출하여 500μm의 시트를 제조하였다.
Dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane (available from Alchemase, lupe) was added to 100 parts by weight of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (vinyl acetate content 28 wt%, melt flow rate 15 g / 10 min) 0.8 parts by weight of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a crosslinking aid, 0.1 part by weight of 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzopyrone (sumisorb 130, Sumitomo Chemical Co., And 1 part by weight of 15-crown-5 (manufactured by Aldrich) were mixed and extruded at a temperature of less than 110 캜 with a twin-screw extruder having a diameter of 104 mm to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 500 탆.
실시예 3Example 3
에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 공중합체(비닐아세테이트 함량 28중량%, 멜트 플로우 레이트 15g/10분) 100 중량부에 대해, 5-디메틸-2,5-비스(t-부틸퍼옥시)헥산(알케마사제, 루페록스 101) 1.0 중량부, 가교조제로 트리알릴 아이소시아누레이트(일본화성제, TAIC) 0.8 중량부, UV 흡수제로 2-하이드록시-4-옥틸록시벤조피논(스미토모화학사제, sumisorb 130) 0.1 중량부 및 18-crown-6 (Aldrich사제) 1중량부를 배합하여, 직경 104mm 트윈 압출기로 110℃ 미만의 온도로 압출하여 500μm의 시트를 제조하였다.
Dimethyl-2,5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane (available from Alchemase, lupe) was added to 100 parts by weight of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (vinyl acetate content 28 wt%, melt flow rate 15 g / 10 min) 0.8 parts by weight of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC, manufactured by Nippon Chemical Co., Ltd.) as a crosslinking aid, 0.1 part by weight of 2-hydroxy-4-octyloxybenzopyrone (sumisorb 130, Sumitomo Chemical Co., And 1 part by weight of 18-crown-6 (manufactured by Aldrich) were combined and extruded at a temperature of less than 110 캜 with a twin extruder having a diameter of 104 mm to prepare a sheet having a thickness of 500 탆.
비교예 1Comparative Example 1
크라운에테르 화합물을 사용하지 않은 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1과 같이 에틸렌 비닐아세테이트 봉지재 시트를 제조한 다음 태양전지 모듈을 제작하였다.
An ethylene vinyl acetate sealant sheet was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the crown ether compound was not used, and then a solar cell module was produced.
실험예 1Experimental Example 1
상기 각 실시예 및 비교예에서 제조된 봉지재 시트 및 저철분 강화유리(3.2 T, AGC사제), 백시트, mc-Si 셀을 이용하여 진공압착기로 150℃, 20분간 용융압착하여 54셀 모듈을 제작하였다.The sheet was melt-pressed at 150 DEG C for 20 minutes using a sealing material sheet and a low-iron-reinforced glass (3.2 T, produced by AGC), a back sheet and an mc-Si cell prepared in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, Respectively.
65℃, 85% 상대습도 조건에서 태양전지 모듈의 유리 위에 물을 얇게 채운 채로 -1,000V의 전압을 특정한 시간 동안 인가한 다음 전기출력의 변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과를 표 1에 나타내었다. A voltage of -1,000 V was applied for a specific time while the glass of the solar cell module was filled with water thinly at 65 ° C and 85% relative humidity, and the change of electric output was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
실험예 2Experimental Example 2
상기 실험 1에서 실험한 태양전지 모듈을 85℃, 85% 조건에서 장시간 방치하면서 봉지재의 변색양상을 황변 측정기(Spectro Color meter SE 2000, Nippon Denshoku)로 측정하였으며, 그 실험결과는 다음 표 2에 나타내었다.The color change pattern of the encapsulant was measured with a spectro color meter SE 2000 (Nippon Denshoku) while the solar cell module tested in Experiment 1 was left at 85 ° C and 85% for a long time. The experimental results are shown in the following Table 2 .
상기 각 실험예의 결과에서 알 수 있는 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 크라운에테르 화합물을 적용한 절연성 봉지재의 사용을 통하여 유리로부터의 금속이온의 이동을 원천적으로 차단하여 누설전류 현상에 의한 태양전지 모듈의 성능저하를 효과적으로 방지할 뿐만 아니라, 봉지재의 안정성에도 크게 기여함을 알 수 있다. As can be seen from the results of the above Experimental Examples, the use of the insulating encapsulant using the crown ether compound according to the present invention is fundamentally interrupted by the movement of metal ions from the glass, thereby deteriorating the performance of the solar cell module due to the leakage current phenomenon And it contributes greatly to the stability of the sealing material.
Claims (7)
Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of peroxide with respect to the weight of the resin, and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a metal ion collector are added as core additives.
여기서, A는 O, S, Se, NH 중에서 선택된 것임.
The metal ion scavenger according to claim 1, wherein the metal ion scavenger is a crown ether having a 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6 skeleton as shown in the following structural formula and having an alkyl group or an aryl group added or fused to the skeleton Solar cell encapsulant composition:
Here, A is selected from O, S, Se, NH.
3. A method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal ion scavenger is dissociated Na + and Ca 15-crown-5 compound for the Na + ions so as to effectively capture the 2 + is a glass, Ca 2+ to about 18 ion -crown-6 compound is used alone or in combination.
The encapsulating material composition for a solar cell according to claim 1, wherein the encapsulating material composition comprises a crosslinking auxiliary not exceeding 2 parts by weight and 0.01 to 3 parts by weight of a silane compound, an ultraviolet absorber and a light stabilizer.
The crown ether compound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crown ether compound is a compound having a skeleton of 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, wherein the element included for chelating metal ion is oxygen, nitrogen, selenium or sulfur Wherein the solar cell encapsulating material composition is a solar cell encapsulating material composition.
Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of peroxide with respect to the weight of the resin and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a metal ion collector are added as core additives to a calender or a Ti-die T-die) is extruded to form a sheet into a sheet.
Wherein the sealing material sheet is made of an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin, and the weight of the resin is about 1 to about 10 wt.% Based on the weight of the resin, wherein the sealing material sheet is formed by laminating a glass substrate, an encapsulating material sheet, Wherein 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of a peroxide and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a metal ion collector are added as a core additive and the sheet is molded into a sheet by a calendering or T-die extrusion method. Battery module.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1020120138899A KR20140072934A (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2012-12-03 | Encapsulation composition for a solarcell and preparing process fo the sheet using the same |
| TW102113075A TW201422695A (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-12 | Encapsulation material composition for solar cell and method of preparing encapsulation sheet using the same |
| CN201310146073.7A CN103849064B (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2013-04-24 | Encapsulant compositions used for solar batteries and encapsulation method of producing sheet |
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| KR1020120138899A KR20140072934A (en) | 2012-12-03 | 2012-12-03 | Encapsulation composition for a solarcell and preparing process fo the sheet using the same |
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| CN105542671B (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2018-09-21 | 广州市白云化工实业有限公司 | Photovoltaic module packaging adhesive film |
| KR102311985B1 (en) * | 2016-04-05 | 2021-10-14 | 도아고세이가부시키가이샤 | Ion scavenger for solar cell, encapsulant composition for solar cell comprising same, and solar cell module |
| US10931229B2 (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-02-23 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Solar cell testing system and testing method thereof |
| CN110922970A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 南京纳鑫新材料有限公司 | PERC battery back polishing additive and technology |
| CN116496703A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-07-28 | 浙江祥隆科技有限公司 | EVA photovoltaic packaging adhesive film and preparation method thereof |
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| WO2002044275A1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2002-06-06 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Polyester composition, films made thereof and process for producing the composition |
| CN101029149B (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2010-08-18 | 广东华南精细化工研究院有限公司 | Efficient heat-resisting polyolefine composite light stabilizer, its production and use |
| KR101268278B1 (en) * | 2010-10-18 | 2013-06-04 | 도레이첨단소재 주식회사 | Encapsulation composition for a solarcell module having an improved durability and the encapsulation sheet using the same |
| CN102214803B (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2013-07-17 | 电子科技大学 | Packaging method of photoelectronic device |
| CN102504407B (en) * | 2011-10-14 | 2013-09-18 | 北京太阳能电力研究院有限公司 | Polypropylene composition for solar battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN102544152B (en) * | 2011-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 升信新材（北京）科技有限公司 | Solar battery back panel and preparation method therefor |
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| TW201422695A (en) | 2014-06-16 |
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