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high-PID-resistance photovoltaic adhesive film, preparation method thereof and photovoltaic module

Abstract
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本发明属于太阳能电池技术领域,提供了一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜及其制备方法和光伏组件,该高抗PID的光伏胶膜,按重量百分比计的原料配方为:EVA树脂87‑98%、金刚烷0.05‑4%、富勒烯0.05‑4%、抗氧剂0.05‑5%、交联剂0.25‑2%和偶联剂0.1‑4%。该光伏胶膜以价格低廉、且热密封性好的EVA树脂为主料,能降低光伏胶膜的成本,并能改善光伏组件的封装效果;进一步,该光伏胶膜通过金刚烷与富勒烯的协同配合,能提供稳定的共轭网状结构来起到阻挡电子迁移的作用,使该光伏胶膜具备高抗PID的效果,同时能保持优良的透光性能。因此,采用该光伏胶膜所得的光伏组件的使用寿命和发电功率能得到有效提升。The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and provides a photovoltaic film with high resistance to PID, a preparation method thereof, and a photovoltaic assembly. The raw material formula of the photovoltaic film with high resistance to PID is: EVA resin 87-98 %, adamantane 0.05-4%, fullerene 0.05-4%, antioxidant 0.05-5%, cross-linking agent 0.25-2% and coupling agent 0.1-4%. The photovoltaic film is mainly made of EVA resin with low price and good heat sealability, which can reduce the cost of the photovoltaic film and improve the encapsulation effect of photovoltaic modules; further, the photovoltaic film is made of adamantane and fullerene. The synergistic cooperation can provide a stable conjugated network structure to block electron migration, so that the photovoltaic film has a high anti-PID effect, while maintaining excellent light transmission performance. Therefore, the service life and power generation of the photovoltaic module obtained by using the photovoltaic film can be effectively improved.

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C09J7/10 Adhesives in the form of films or foils without carriers
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CN114605927A

China

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Chinese
Inventor
林建伟
张付特
曾金栋
李胜
Current Assignee
Jiangsu Zhonglai New Material Technology Co ltd

Worldwide applications
2022 CN

Application CN202210333674.8A events
2023-08-11
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Description
translated from Chinese

一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜及其制备方法和光伏组件A kind of photovoltaic film with high anti-PID and its preparation method and photovoltaic module

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及太阳能电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜及其制备方法和光伏组件。The invention relates to the technical field of solar cells, in particular to a photovoltaic film with high anti-PID, a preparation method thereof and a photovoltaic assembly.

背景技术Background technique

光伏封装胶膜,简称光伏胶膜,是太阳能技术产业中的重要材料之一,起到粘接太阳能电池片与前板玻璃及背板的重要作用,同时兼具对光伏组件的力学缓冲、封装保护、对背板的抗紫外保护的多重功能。由于光伏胶膜作为高分子材料,必然会受到自然环境的侵蚀而产生老化,所以光伏胶膜是影响光伏组件的使用寿命和发电功率的关键材料之一。光伏胶膜的研究和改进对光伏产业的推动具有重要的意义。Photovoltaic encapsulation film, referred to as photovoltaic film, is one of the important materials in the solar technology industry. It plays an important role in bonding solar cells to the front glass and backplane, as well as mechanical buffering and packaging for photovoltaic modules. Multiple functions of protection, UV protection of the backsheet. As the photovoltaic film is a polymer material, it will inevitably be eroded by the natural environment and cause aging, so the photovoltaic film is one of the key materials affecting the service life and power generation of photovoltaic modules. The research and improvement of photovoltaic film is of great significance to the promotion of photovoltaic industry.

其中,传统的光伏胶膜是以EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物)聚合物为基本材料制成,称为EVA光伏胶膜,例如,公开号CN102604557A提供的一种太阳能光伏组件用EVA封装胶膜及其制备方法。然而,EVA树脂中的醋酸乙烯酯的化学结构具有极性,其电子在电压条件下能够迁移,故而采用这种EVA光伏胶膜的光伏组件在发电过程中会发生PID效应,进而会导致光伏组件的发电功率明显下降。Wherein, the traditional photovoltaic film is made of EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) polymer as the basic material, which is called EVA photovoltaic film. Membranes and methods of making the same. However, the chemical structure of vinyl acetate in EVA resin is polar, and its electrons can migrate under voltage conditions, so the photovoltaic modules using this EVA photovoltaic film will have a PID effect during the power generation process, which will lead to photovoltaic modules. power generation decreased significantly.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜及其制备方法和光伏组件,以克服传统的EVA光伏胶膜的抗PID效果差的缺陷,且所得高抗PID的光伏胶膜还具有好的透光率。The purpose of the present invention is to aim at the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a kind of high anti-PID photovoltaic film and its preparation method and photovoltaic module, to overcome the defect that the anti-PID effect of traditional EVA photovoltaic film is poor, and the obtained high anti-PID PID's photovoltaic film also has good light transmittance.

基于此,本发明公开了一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其按重量百分比计的原料配方为:Based on this, the present invention discloses a photovoltaic film with high anti-PID, and its raw material formula by weight percentage is:

Figure BDA0003576143680000011
Figure BDA0003576143680000011

优选地,所述金刚烷与富勒烯的质量比为1-2:1。Preferably, the mass ratio of adamantane to fullerene is 1-2:1.

进一步优选地,所述EVA树脂:抗氧剂:交联剂:偶联剂:金刚烷:富勒烯的质量比为100:0.5:2:0.5:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.15。Further preferably, the mass ratio of the EVA resin: antioxidant: cross-linking agent: coupling agent: adamantane: fullerene is 100: 0.5: 2: 0.5: 0.1-0.2: 0.1-0.15.

优选地,所述EVA树脂中,醋酸乙烯酯的摩尔含量为20-30%,所述EVA树脂的熔体流动速率为1.5-18g/min。Preferably, in the EVA resin, the molar content of vinyl acetate is 20-30%, and the melt flow rate of the EVA resin is 1.5-18 g/min.

优选地,所述抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅抗氧剂;Preferably, the antioxidant includes a primary antioxidant and a secondary antioxidant;

所述主抗氧基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯;The main antioxidant is β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate;

所述辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和/或亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯。The auxiliary antioxidant is tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite and/or tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.

优选地,所述交联剂包括交联固化剂和助交联剂;Preferably, the crosslinking agent includes a crosslinking curing agent and a co-crosslinking agent;

所述交联固化剂为有机过氧化物和/或偶氮化合物;The crosslinking curing agent is an organic peroxide and/or an azo compound;

所述助交联剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯和二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯中的一种或任意几种的组合。The auxiliary crosslinking agent is one of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate or any combination of them.

其中,有机过氧化物优选为过氧化异丙苯、二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化氢二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5二叔丁基过氧化己烷、4,4-二(叔戊基过氧)戊酸正丁基酯、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯和3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯中的一种或任意几种的组合。Among them, the organic peroxide is preferably cumene peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl hydroperoxide, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl hexane peroxide, One of n-butyl 4,4-di(tert-amylperoxy)valerate, tert-butyl 2-ethylhexyl peroxycarbonate and ethyl 3,3-di(tert-butylperoxy)butyrate or any combination of them.

优选地,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂;Preferably, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent;

所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三过氧化叔丁基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷和乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或任意几种的组合。The silane coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltripperoxide tert-butylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane and vinyltris(β-methoxyethyl) One or any combination of oxy) silanes.

本发明还公开了上述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜的制备方法,包括如下制备步骤:The invention also discloses the above-mentioned preparation method of the photovoltaic film with high anti-PID, comprising the following preparation steps:

步骤S1,将配方量的所述EVA树脂、抗氧剂、交联剂、偶联剂、金刚烷和富勒烯混合均匀,以制得混合料;Step S1, the EVA resin, antioxidant, cross-linking agent, coupling agent, adamantane and fullerene of the formula amount are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;

步骤S2,将所述混合料加入至挤出设备进行熔融挤出,并经流延设备冷却后,进行定型处理,即得高抗PID的光伏胶膜。In step S2, the mixture is added to an extrusion equipment for melt extrusion, and after being cooled by a casting equipment, a shaping treatment is performed to obtain a photovoltaic film with high PID resistance.

优选地,所述步骤S2中,熔融挤出的温度为80-90℃。Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the melt extrusion is 80-90°C.

优选地,所述步骤S2中,在定型处理之后,还包括:对定型处理后的高抗PID的光伏胶膜进行厚度测量、切边、收卷后,包装入库。Preferably, in the step S2, after the shaping treatment, the method further includes: after the shaping treatment, the high PID-resistant photovoltaic film is subjected to thickness measurement, edge trimming, and winding, and then packaged and stored.

本发明还公开了一种光伏组件,包括依次叠设的前板、第一封装胶膜、太阳能电池片、第二封装胶膜和背板,所述第一封装胶膜和/或第二封装胶膜为上述发明内容所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜。The invention also discloses a photovoltaic module, comprising a front plate, a first encapsulation film, a solar cell sheet, a second encapsulation film and a back plate stacked in sequence, the first encapsulation film and/or the second package The adhesive film is a photovoltaic adhesive film with high anti-PID as described in the above-mentioned content of the invention.

与现有技术相比,本发明至少包括以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention at least includes the following beneficial effects:

本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜中,以EVA树脂为主料,相比POE树脂,该EVA树脂的原料价格较低,因此能降低光伏胶膜的成本,且EVA树脂的粘接性能比POE树脂要好,因此还能增强该光伏胶膜与太阳能电池片、前板及背板的粘接力,改善光伏组件的封装效果;进一步,该光伏胶膜中添加了适量的金刚烷和富勒烯,金刚烷与富勒烯通过协同配合,能提供稳定的共轭网状结构来起到阻挡电子迁移的作用,因此,该光伏胶膜能克服传统的EVA光伏胶膜的抗PID效果差的缺陷,故而本发明的光伏胶膜具备高抗PID的效果,并能保持优良的透光性能。因此,采用本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜所得的光伏组件的使用寿命和发电功率能得到有效提升。In the high-anti-PID photovoltaic film of the present invention, EVA resin is used as the main material. Compared with POE resin, the raw material price of the EVA resin is lower, so the cost of the photovoltaic film can be reduced, and the adhesion performance of the EVA resin is higher than that of the EVA resin. POE resin is better, so it can also enhance the adhesion between the photovoltaic film and the solar cell, the front plate and the back plate, and improve the encapsulation effect of the photovoltaic module; further, the photovoltaic film is added with an appropriate amount of adamantane and fuller Alene, adamantane and fullerene can provide a stable conjugated network structure to block electron migration through synergistic cooperation. Therefore, the photovoltaic film can overcome the poor anti-PID effect of traditional EVA photovoltaic film. Therefore, the photovoltaic film of the present invention has high anti-PID effect and can maintain excellent light transmission performance. Therefore, the service life and power generation of the photovoltaic module obtained by using the photovoltaic film with high PID resistance of the present invention can be effectively improved.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

本发明的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其按重量百分比计的原料配方为:A kind of photovoltaic film with high anti-PID of the present invention, its raw material formula by weight percentage is:

Figure BDA0003576143680000031
Figure BDA0003576143680000031

该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的原料配方中,以EVA树脂为主料,相比POE树脂,该EVA树脂的原料价格较低,因此能降低光伏胶膜的成本,且EVA树脂的粘接性能比POE树脂要好,因此还能增强该高抗PID的光伏胶膜与太阳能电池片、前板及背板的粘接力,改善光伏组件的封装效果。In the raw material formula of the high anti-PID photovoltaic film, EVA resin is used as the main material. Compared with POE resin, the raw material price of the EVA resin is lower, so the cost of the photovoltaic film can be reduced, and the adhesion performance of the EVA resin can be reduced. It is better than POE resin, so it can also enhance the adhesion between the high-anti-PID photovoltaic film and solar cells, front and back sheets, and improve the encapsulation effect of photovoltaic modules.

为进一步改善该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的热密封性能,该EVA树脂中,醋酸乙烯酯的摩尔含量为20-30%,EVA树脂的熔体流动速率为1.5-18g/min。In order to further improve the heat sealing performance of the photovoltaic film with high PID resistance, the molar content of vinyl acetate in the EVA resin is 20-30%, and the melt flow rate of the EVA resin is 1.5-18 g/min.

优选为,该EVA树脂中,醋酸乙烯酯的摩尔含量为28%。Preferably, in the EVA resin, the molar content of vinyl acetate is 28%.

该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的原料配方中,在EVA树脂的基础上,添加一定量的抗氧剂,能避免在熔融挤出及长期使用过程中的EVA树脂的氧化分解,从而能有效避免该光伏胶膜在熔融挤出及长期使用过程中出现老化和粘接力下降的问题。In the raw material formula of the high anti-PID photovoltaic film, a certain amount of antioxidant is added on the basis of EVA resin, which can avoid the oxidative decomposition of EVA resin in the process of melt extrusion and long-term use, thereby effectively avoiding The photovoltaic adhesive film has the problems of aging and decreased adhesive force during melt extrusion and long-term use.

进一步,该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的原料配方中,在EVA树脂和抗氧剂的基础上,添加一定量的交联剂,以使EVA树脂适当交联形成网状的分子结构,以改善该高抗PID的光伏胶膜在熔融挤出及长期使用过程中的耐热性、机械强度和电性能。Further, in the raw material formula of the high anti-PID photovoltaic film, on the basis of EVA resin and antioxidant, a certain amount of cross-linking agent is added to make the EVA resin properly cross-linked to form a network-like molecular structure, so as to improve the Heat resistance, mechanical strength and electrical properties of the high anti-PID photovoltaic film during melt extrusion and long-term use.

更进一步,该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的原料配方中,在EVA树脂、抗氧剂和交联剂的基础上,添加一定量的偶联剂,以有效改善该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的附着、耐水、耐化学、耐盐雾及湿态下的电气绝缘性能。Further, in the raw material formula of the high anti-PID photovoltaic film, on the basis of EVA resin, antioxidant and cross-linking agent, a certain amount of coupling agent is added to effectively improve the high anti-PID photovoltaic film. Adhesion, water resistance, chemical resistance, salt spray resistance and electrical insulation properties in wet state.

本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜中,添加了适量的金刚烷和富勒烯,金刚烷与富勒烯通过协同配合,能提供稳定的共轭网状结构来起到阻挡电子迁移的作用,因此,该光伏胶膜能克服传统的EVA光伏胶膜的抗PID效果差的缺陷,故而采用本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜所得的光伏组件在发电过程中不会发生PID效应,因此本发明的光伏胶膜具备高抗PID的效果,同时还能保持优良的透光性能;因此,采用本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜所得的光伏组件的使用寿命和发电功率能得到有效提升。An appropriate amount of adamantane and fullerene are added to the high anti-PID photovoltaic film of the present invention, and the adamantane and fullerene can provide a stable conjugated network structure to block electron migration through synergistic cooperation. , Therefore, the photovoltaic film can overcome the defect that the traditional EVA photovoltaic film has poor anti-PID effect, so the photovoltaic module obtained by using the high-anti-PID photovoltaic film of the present invention will not have a PID effect during the power generation process. Therefore, The photovoltaic film of the present invention has the effect of high resistance to PID, and can maintain excellent light transmission performance at the same time; therefore, the service life and power generation power of photovoltaic modules obtained by using the photovoltaic film with high resistance to PID of the present invention can be effectively improved. .

优选为,该高抗PID的光伏胶膜中,金刚烷与富勒烯的质量比为1-2:1;以进一步提升该光伏胶膜的高抗PID的效果。Preferably, in the photovoltaic film with high anti-PID, the mass ratio of adamantane to fullerene is 1-2:1, so as to further enhance the effect of high anti-PID of the photovoltaic film.

更优选为,该高抗PID的光伏胶膜中,EVA树脂:抗氧剂:交联剂:偶联剂:金刚烷:富勒烯的质量比为100:0.5:2:0.5:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.15;以在提高该光伏胶膜的高抗PID效果的同时,还使该高抗PID的光伏胶膜具有优异的热密封性能和透光性能。More preferably, in the high anti-PID photovoltaic film, the mass ratio of EVA resin: antioxidant: cross-linking agent: coupling agent: adamantane: fullerene is 100: 0.5: 2: 0.5: 0.1-0.2 : 0.1-0.15; in order to improve the high anti-PID effect of the photovoltaic film, the photovoltaic film with high anti-PID also has excellent heat sealing performance and light transmission performance.

其中,该抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅抗氧剂。通过主抗氧剂与辅抗氧剂的搭配,并对主抗氧剂及辅抗氧剂的具体种类进行如下优化选择,以进一步改善该高抗PID的光伏胶膜在熔融挤出及长期使用过程中的耐老化和粘接性能。Wherein, the antioxidant includes a primary antioxidant and a secondary antioxidant. Through the combination of the main antioxidant and the auxiliary antioxidant, the specific types of the main antioxidant and the auxiliary antioxidant are optimized as follows, so as to further improve the high anti-PID photovoltaic film in melt extrusion and long-term use. Aging resistance and adhesion properties in the process.

具体地,该主抗氧基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯。辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和/或亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯。Specifically, the main antioxidant group is octadecyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate. The auxiliary antioxidant is tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite and/or tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.

优选为,辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯与亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯的复配物。Preferably, the auxiliary antioxidant is a compound of tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite and tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite.

其中,该交联剂包括交联固化剂和助交联剂。通过交联固化剂与助交联剂的搭配,并对交联固化剂及助交联剂的具体种类进行如下优化选择,以进一步改善该高抗PID的光伏胶膜在熔融挤出及长期使用过程中的耐热性、机械强度和电性能。Wherein, the crosslinking agent includes a crosslinking curing agent and a co-crosslinking agent. Through the combination of the cross-linking curing agent and the auxiliary cross-linking agent, and the specific types of the cross-linking curing agent and the auxiliary cross-linking agent are optimized as follows, in order to further improve the high anti-PID photovoltaic film in melt extrusion and long-term use Heat resistance, mechanical strength and electrical properties in the process.

具体地,交联固化剂为有机过氧化物和/或偶氮化合物;有机过氧化物为过氧化异丙苯、二叔丁基过氧化物、过氧化氢二异丙苯、2,5-二甲基-2,5二叔丁基过氧化己烷、4,4-二(叔戊基过氧)戊酸正丁基酯、过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯和3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯中的一种或任意几种的组合。Specifically, the crosslinking curing agent is an organic peroxide and/or an azo compound; the organic peroxide is cumene peroxide, di-tert-butyl peroxide, dicumyl hydrogen peroxide, 2,5- Dimethyl-2,5-di-tert-butyl hexane peroxide, n-butyl 4,4-di(tert-amylperoxy)valerate, tert-butyl 2-ethylhexyl peroxycarbonate, and 3,3 -One or any combination of ethyl di(tert-butylperoxy)butyrate.

优选为,交联固化剂为过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯与3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯的复配物。Preferably, the crosslinking curing agent is a compound of 2-ethylhexyl peroxy tert-butyl carbonate and 3,3-di(tert-butylperoxy) ethyl butyrate.

具体地,助交联剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯和二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯中的一种或任意几种的组合。Specifically, the co-crosslinking agent is one of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate. or any combination of them.

优选为,助交联剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯的复配物。Preferably, the co-crosslinking agent is a compound of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate.

其中,偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂。优选硅烷偶联剂,并对硅烷偶联剂的具体种类进行如下优化选择,以进一步改善该高抗PID的光伏胶膜的附着、耐水、耐化学、耐盐雾及湿态下的电气绝缘性能。Among them, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent. Silane coupling agents are preferred, and the specific types of silane coupling agents are optimized as follows to further improve the adhesion, water resistance, chemical resistance, salt spray resistance and electrical insulation properties of the high-anti-PID photovoltaic film. .

具体地,硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三过氧化叔丁基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷和乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或任意几种的组合。Specifically, the silane coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltripperoxide tert-butylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane and vinyltris(β-methoxysilane) One or any combination of ethoxy) silanes.

优选为,该硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷。Preferably, the silane coupling agent is vinyltris(β-methoxyethoxy)silane.

上述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜的制备方法,包括如下制备步骤:The above-mentioned preparation method of a high anti-PID photovoltaic film, comprising the following preparation steps:

步骤S1,将配方量的EVA树脂、抗氧剂、交联剂、偶联剂、金刚烷和富勒烯混合均匀,以制得混合料;Step S1, the EVA resin, antioxidant, crosslinking agent, coupling agent, adamantane and fullerene of the formula amount are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture;

步骤S2,将上述混合料加入至挤出设备进行熔融挤出,并经流延设备冷却后,进行定型处理,再进行厚度测量、切边、收卷后、包装入库,即得本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜。In step S2, the above-mentioned mixture is added to the extrusion equipment for melt extrusion, and after cooling through the casting equipment, the shaping process is carried out, and then thickness measurement, edge trimming, winding, packaging and storage are carried out to obtain the present invention. High anti-PID photovoltaic film.

其中,步骤S2中,熔融挤出的温度优选为80-90℃,以确保经熔融挤出后的高抗PID的光伏胶膜的粘连效果,并避免混合料在熔融挤出中出现老化。Wherein, in step S2, the temperature of melt extrusion is preferably 80-90° C. to ensure the adhesion effect of the high PID-resistant photovoltaic film after melt extrusion, and to avoid the aging of the mixture during melt extrusion.

本发明的一种光伏组件,包括依次叠设的前板、第一封装胶膜、太阳能电池片、第二封装胶膜和背板,其中,第一封装胶膜和/或第二封装胶膜采用本发明上述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,以提升该光伏组件的抗PID效果,同时使该光伏组件保持优良的透光性能,进而提升该光伏组件的使用寿命和发电功率。A photovoltaic module of the present invention includes a front plate, a first encapsulation film, a solar cell sheet, a second encapsulation film and a back plate that are stacked in sequence, wherein the first encapsulation film and/or the second encapsulation film The above-mentioned high anti-PID photovoltaic film of the present invention is used to improve the anti-PID effect of the photovoltaic module, and at the same time, the photovoltaic module maintains excellent light transmission performance, thereby improving the service life and power generation of the photovoltaic module.

实施例1Example 1

本实施例的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,包括:A kind of high anti-PID photovoltaic film of the present embodiment comprises:

EVA树脂:即乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物,其中,醋酸乙烯酯在该乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的摩尔含量为28%;EVA resin: namely ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, wherein, the molar content of vinyl acetate in the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer is 28%;

抗氧剂:主抗氧剂基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯,辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯与亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯的复配物;Antioxidant: The main antioxidant base is β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate octadecyl ester, and the auxiliary antioxidant is tris(4-nonylphenol) sulfite The complex of phosphate ester and tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite;

交联剂:交联固化剂为过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯与3,3-二(叔丁基过氧)丁酸乙酯的复配物,助交联剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯的复配物;Cross-linking agent: The cross-linking curing agent is the compound of 2-ethylhexyl peroxide tert-butyl carbonate and 3,3-di(tert-butyl peroxy) ethyl butyrate, and the auxiliary cross-linking agent is triallyl Compounds of isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate and trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate;

偶联剂:乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷;Coupling agent: vinyl tris (β-methoxyethoxy) silane;

金刚烷:即三环[3.3.1.13˙]癸烷;Adamantane: namely tricyclic [3.3.1.1 ]decane;

富勒烯:为由碳组成的中空分子,含有六元环、五元环及七元环。Fullerene: It is a hollow molecule composed of carbon, containing six-membered, five-membered and seven-membered rings.

本实施例的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜中,按质量比计,EVA树脂:抗氧剂:交联剂:硅烷偶联剂:金刚烷:富勒烯=100:0.5:2:0.5:X:Y。In a photovoltaic film with high anti-PID of this embodiment, in terms of mass ratio, EVA resin: antioxidant: cross-linking agent: silane coupling agent: adamantane: fullerene=100:0.5:2:0.5 :X:Y.

本实施例的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜的制备方法,包括:先将上述质量配比的EVA树脂、抗氧剂、交联剂、硅烷偶联剂、金刚烷和富勒烯混合均匀,以制得混合料;再将上述混合料加入至挤出机料斗中,进行熔融挤出,此时,挤出机及模头各区域的温度控制在80-90℃,经模头挤出,途经流延辊冷却,压花工序后,进行定型,最后再测厚、切边、收卷、包装入库,即得本实施例的高抗PID的光伏胶膜。The method for preparing a photovoltaic film with high PID resistance in this embodiment includes: firstly mixing the EVA resin, antioxidant, crosslinking agent, silane coupling agent, adamantane and fullerene in the above-mentioned mass proportions evenly , to obtain a mixture; then add the above mixture into the hopper of the extruder for melt extrusion. At this time, the temperature of each area of the extruder and the die head is controlled at 80-90 ° C, and the extruder is extruded through the die head. , after the casting roll cooling, embossing process, finalizing, and finally thickness measurement, trimming, winding, packaging and storage, that is, the photovoltaic film with high PID resistance of this embodiment.

采用本实施例的高抗PID的光伏胶膜作为第一封装胶膜和第二封装胶膜,封装制成光伏组件后,根据行标IEC-62804测试光伏组件的PID,以观察光伏组件的抗PID效果;并根据国标GB/T29848-2018测试光伏组件的透光率。其测试结果如下表1所示:The photovoltaic film with high resistance to PID of this embodiment is used as the first packaging film and the second packaging film. After the photovoltaic module is packaged, the PID of the photovoltaic module is tested according to the industry standard IEC-62804 to observe the resistance of the photovoltaic module. PID effect; and test the transmittance of photovoltaic modules according to the national standard GB/T29848-2018. The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

表1Table 1

Figure BDA0003576143680000061
Figure BDA0003576143680000061

Figure BDA0003576143680000071
Figure BDA0003576143680000071

从表1可以看出,本发明的高抗PID的光伏胶膜作为第一封装胶膜和第二封装胶膜封装制成光伏组件后,具备高抗PID的效果,且还具有良好的透光率。As can be seen from Table 1, the photovoltaic film with high anti-PID of the present invention has high anti-PID effect and good light transmission after being packaged as the first encapsulating film and the second encapsulating film to make photovoltaic modules. Rate.

尽管已描述了本发明实施例的优选实施例,但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念,则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改。所以,所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明实施例范围的所有变更和修改。Although preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art once the basic inventive concepts are known. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

以上对本发明所提供的技术方案进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。The technical solutions provided by the present invention have been described in detail above, and specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the methods and core ideas of the present invention; Meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific embodiments and application scope. In summary, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)
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1.一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,其按重量百分比计的原料配方为:1. a photovoltaic film of high anti-PID, is characterized in that, its raw material formula by weight percentage is: EVA树脂87-98%EVA resin 87-98% 金刚烷 0.05-4%Adamantane 0.05-4% 富勒烯 0.05-4%Fullerene 0.05-4% 抗氧剂0.05-5%Antioxidant 0.05-5% 交联剂0.25-2%Crosslinker 0.25-2% 偶联剂0.1-4%。Coupling agent 0.1-4%. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,所述金刚烷与富勒烯的质量比为1-2:1。2 . The photovoltaic film with high PID resistance according to claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of adamantane to fullerene is 1-2:1. 3 . 3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,所述EVA树脂:抗氧剂:交联剂:偶联剂:金刚烷:富勒烯的质量比为100:0.5:2:0.5:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.15。3. The photovoltaic film with high anti-PID according to claim 2, wherein the EVA resin: antioxidant: cross-linking agent: coupling agent: adamantane: the mass ratio of fullerene is 100:0.5:2:0.5:0.1-0.2:0.1-0.15. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,所述EVA树脂中,醋酸乙烯酯的摩尔含量为20-30%,所述EVA树脂的熔体流动速率为1.5-18g/min。4. a kind of high anti-PID photovoltaic film according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described EVA resin, the molar content of vinyl acetate is 20-30%, the melt flow rate of described EVA resin 1.5-18g/min. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,所述抗氧剂包括主抗氧剂和辅抗氧剂;5. The photovoltaic film with high anti-PID according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises a primary antioxidant and an auxiliary antioxidant; 所述主抗氧基为β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸十八碳醇酯;The main antioxidant is β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) octadecyl propionate; 所述辅抗氧剂为三(4-壬基酚)亚磷酸酯和/或亚磷酸三(2,4-二叔丁基苯基)酯。The auxiliary antioxidant is tris(4-nonylphenol) phosphite and/or tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,所述交联剂包括交联固化剂和助交联剂;6. The photovoltaic film with high anti-PID according to claim 1, wherein the cross-linking agent comprises a cross-linking curing agent and an auxiliary cross-linking agent; 所述交联固化剂为有机过氧化物和/或偶氮化合物;The crosslinking curing agent is an organic peroxide and/or an azo compound; 所述助交联剂为三烯丙基异氰脲酸酯、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯和二甲基丙烯酸二乙二醇酯中的一种或任意几种的组合。The auxiliary crosslinking agent is one of triallyl isocyanurate, triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate and diethylene glycol dimethacrylate or any combination of them. 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜,其特征在于,所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂;7. The photovoltaic film with high anti-PID according to claim 1, wherein the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent; 所述硅烷偶联剂为乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷、乙烯基三过氧化叔丁基硅烷、乙烯基三乙酰氧基硅烷和乙烯基三(β-甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷中的一种或任意几种的组合。The silane coupling agent is vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltripperoxide tert-butylsilane, vinyltriacetoxysilane and vinyltris(β-methoxyethyl) One or any combination of oxy) silanes. 8.权利要求1-7任意一项所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下制备步骤:8. the preparation method of a kind of high anti-PID photovoltaic film described in any one of claim 1-7, is characterized in that, comprises the following preparation steps: 步骤S1,将配方量的所述EVA树脂、抗氧剂、交联剂、偶联剂、金刚烷和富勒烯混合均匀,以制得混合料;Step S1, the EVA resin, antioxidant, cross-linking agent, coupling agent, adamantane and fullerene of the formula amount are uniformly mixed to obtain a mixture; 步骤S2,将所述混合料加入至挤出设备进行熔融挤出,并经流延设备冷却后,进行定型处理,即得高抗PID的光伏胶膜。In step S2, the mixture is added to the extrusion equipment for melt extrusion, and after being cooled by the casting equipment, a shaping treatment is performed to obtain a photovoltaic film with high PID resistance. 9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中,熔融挤出的温度为80-90℃。9 . The method for preparing a photovoltaic adhesive film with high PID resistance according to claim 8 , wherein, in the step S2 , the temperature of melt extrusion is 80-90° C. 10 . 10.一种光伏组件,包括依次叠设的前板、第一封装胶膜、太阳能电池片、第二封装胶膜和背板,其特征在于,所述第一封装胶膜和/或第二封装胶膜为权利要求1-7任意一项所述的一种高抗PID的光伏胶膜。10. A photovoltaic module, comprising a front plate, a first encapsulation film, a solar cell sheet, a second encapsulation film and a back plate stacked in sequence, wherein the first encapsulation film and/or the second The encapsulating adhesive film is a photovoltaic adhesive film with high anti-PID according to any one of claims 1-7.