KR20140024642A - Transparent display with excellent visibility using pdlc film - Google Patents
Transparent display with excellent visibility using pdlc film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20140024642A KR20140024642A KR1020120090887A KR20120090887A KR20140024642A KR 20140024642 A KR20140024642 A KR 20140024642A KR 1020120090887 A KR1020120090887 A KR 1020120090887A KR 20120090887 A KR20120090887 A KR 20120090887A KR 20140024642 A KR20140024642 A KR 20140024642A
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- liquid crystal
- film
- transparent display
- dispersed liquid
- polymer dispersed
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
- G02F1/13471—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells in which all the liquid crystal cells or layers remain transparent, e.g. FLC, ECB, DAP, HAN, TN, STN, SBE-LC cells
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
The present invention relates to a transparent display having excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film, and more particularly, to a transparent display having excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film capable of protecting privacy with excellent visibility. will be.
In general, flat panel display devices have been designed and developed to realize a wide viewing angle as much as possible in order to clearly recognize an image from any angle. As a result, current flat panel display apparatuses have reached a very good level with almost no problem in viewing angle. In addition, the field of application of flat panel display devices continues to increase, and in particular, flat panel display devices are used as one of user interfaces in most electronic devices and mobile devices.
Transparent display, which is a hot spot in the display field, which has continued to grow rapidly, can solve the spatial and visual constraints of existing electronic devices by implementing functions of information recognition, information processing, and information display as transparent electronic devices. Such transparent electronic devices can be used for u-IT smart windows, and smart windows can be applied as windows for smart homes or smart cars.
The transparent display refers to a display made optically transparent using a transparent oxide semiconductor film. The transparent display is manufactured based on a transparent transistor, a transparent electrode, and a transparent dielectric, and implements the function of information display in a transparent panel, thereby limiting the spatial / temporal limitation of the existing display. There is an advantage that can be solved.
Among these, the transparent display technology using LCD has an edge type backlight, but the transmittance remains at 5.32%, and the moire (interface) between the metal mesh electrode and the BM and LGP pattern is applied. In addition, there is a technical shortcoming of moire phenomenon, and transparent display technology that combines LTPS and AMOLED has high power consumption compared to LCD with 100W (32 "standard), and it is difficult to express true black. In contrast, there is no problem in the display contrast ratio in a dark environment, but has a fundamental disadvantage as a transparent display in which the contrast ratio is degraded in a general environment with light.
In addition, the transparent LCD using the LCD technology has a disadvantage that the transparency is lowered by the polarizing plate used for the black (black) implementation, and has a disadvantage for the outdoor visibility.
In addition, the transparent display, which combines a TFT array without a color filter and a polymer network liquid crystal film, realizes a screen through a single color in the case of a transmissive display mode and a color screen through a projector. .
In the case of the transparent display, the transmittance of impermeability is 4% and the transparency of transmission is 47%, which is impossible to realize black color fundamentally. Also, the response speed is 74 msec. Visibility is bad.
6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a structure of a conventional transparent display device, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation state of a conventional transparent display device, and illustrates a transparent organic light emitting diode display device among transparent displays. 6 and 7, the transparent organic light emitting diode (TOLED) 10 includes a
Accordingly, a voltage is applied to the gate electrode, a channel is opened in the organic semiconductor region, and a current flows from the source region to the drain region. Then, the
Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, there is an upward emission type that emits light in a direction opposite to the downward emission type that emits toward the substrate based on the emission direction. The upward light emission type is a trend. That is, in the downward emission type, light can be emitted only as much as the area of the gate electrode, but in the upward emission type, light can be emitted to a wider area between black matrices (not shown). The cathode must be transparent. That is, conventionally, cathodes were used in a structure in which ITO (indium-tin oxide) and silver (Ag) were stacked one by one.
This is a thin layer of silver which is a metal, and transparent ITO is laminated on it to a suitable thickness. It is a mixture of the conductivity of the metal and the light transmittance characteristics of the ITO. The thickness of silver is usually about 5 nm, and the transparent ITO is set to a thickness of about 50 to 200 nm.
In addition, the light must be well transmitted, and at the same time, the conductivity must be maintained at an appropriate level so that power consumption does not increase too much. Therefore, ITO and metal, which have these two properties, are laminated.
However, the conventional transparent organic light emitting diode may have an advantage of simultaneously looking at the back side, but in some cases, there is a problem that the visibility is lowered or the background is disturbed.
The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a transparent display having excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film which is excellent in visibility and can protect privacy easily exposed. .
These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof.
The object of the present invention includes a PD display film formed on a transparent display and a rear surface of the transparent display, and an air gap is formed between the transparent display and the PD LCD film. Achieved by the display.
Here, the interval of the air gap is characterized in that 0.1 to 2mm.
Preferably, the PDLC film has a polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film in which a plurality of liquid crystal droplets are dispersed in a polymer dispersion, a substrate disposed on upper and lower surfaces of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film, and a conductive material deposited on the substrate. Characterized in that the transparent conductive film.
Preferably, one conductive material of the transparent conductive film is characterized in that it further comprises an etching.
Preferably, the polymer dispersion comprises 0.1% to 20% by weight of polyfunctional oligomer, 0.1% to 99% by weight of diluent, 0.1% to 99% by weight of crosslinking agent and 0.1% to 99% by weight of photoinitiator. It is done.
Preferably, the diluent and the crosslinking agent are characterized in that it has a composition ratio of 30: 1 to 99: 1.
Preferably, the multifunctional oligomer is a urethane-based methacrylate derivative compound derived from hydroxypropyl methacrylate, the diluent is 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acrylate, and the crosslinking agent is 1, At least one selected from 6-hexanediol diacrylate and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and the photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one.
Preferably, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film has a thickness of 5-30 micrometers (μm).
According to the present invention, it is possible to protect privacy that is excellent in visibility and easy to be exposed.
1 is a perspective projection of the transparent display excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A 'in Fig.
3A and 3B are cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, respectively, in which FIG. 3A is a case in which no driving voltage Vd is applied to the PDLC film, and FIG. 3B is a driving voltage Vd in the PDLC film. ) Is approved.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating an etching portion in which a conductive material is etched in FIG. 4.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional transparent display device.
7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an operation state of a conventional transparent display device.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments and drawings of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these embodiments are provided by way of illustration only for the purpose of more particularly illustrating the present invention and that the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments .
1 is a conceptual view illustrating a perspective projection of a transparent display having excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA ′ of FIG. 1. 1 and 2, the transparent display having excellent visibility using the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to the present invention includes a
The
In the specification of the present invention, the present invention is generally described through the "organic light emitting diode display device" as a transparent display, but there is no transparent display utilizing the LCD, a transparent display incorporating LTPS and AMOLED, or no color filter. Applicable to a variety of transparent displays, such as a transparent display that combines a TFT array and a polymer network liquid crystal film.
In order to improve visibility, which is a disadvantage of the conventional transparent display, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to the present invention is provided with a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film, that is, the
In addition, the interval of the
In addition, the
3A and 3B are cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film, respectively, in which FIG. 3A is a case in which no driving voltage Vd is applied to the PDLC film, and FIG. 3B is a driving voltage Vd in the PDLC film. ) Is approved. 3A and 3B, the principle of PDLC utilizes anisotropy of liquid crystal. Liquid crystals show anisotropy of phase and abnormal refractive indices, while general polymers show isotropy. In the case of an electroless field, the dispersed liquid crystal has a non-uniform orientation of molecules, resulting in a difference between the refractive index of the polymer and the refractive index of the liquid crystal droplet. For this reason, scattering occurs between the polymer and the liquid crystal, which causes the PDLC film to appear opaque. However, in the case of an electric field, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a direction parallel to the electric field, and the refractive index of the polymer and the phase refractive index of the liquid crystal are coincident so that the PDLC film becomes transparent.
The PDLC film uses the difference in refractive index between the liquid crystal and a general polymer material to visually recognize the transparency and opacity by applying an electric field. And harden so that the electric field can be maintained. In general, the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film is applied by applying a positive charge to one surface of a conductive material and applying a negative charge to one surface of another conductive material to maintain an electric field in the liquid crystal so that the liquid crystal is aligned in a predetermined direction. The liquid crystal film appears transparent and then appears opaque. In this case, the entire surface of the film is repeated the same transparent or opaque.
4 is a cross-sectional view of a patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and illustrates a case in which a driving voltage Vd is not applied. Referring to FIG. 4, the patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to the present invention has a polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film in which a plurality of
A transparent conductive
As described above, when the driving voltage Vd is not applied to the transparent conductive film by the
The patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to the present invention having such a structure engraves a specific pattern and repeats the transparency and opacity according to whether the pattern is applied to an electric field. That is, the
In this configuration, when an electric field is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film by applying positive charge to the transparent conductive film having the
In addition, the
This means that in the composition of the
In addition, the polyfunctional oligomer of the
In addition, in order to satisfy the constant transmittance of the patterned polymer dispersed liquid crystal film according to the present invention, it is important to control the thickness of the liquid crystal layers 30 and 40 which are polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite films to a predetermined thickness or less. It is preferable that the thickness of the said polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film is 5-30 micrometers (micrometer).
Since transparent displays can show excellent characteristics in design and performance, they are expected to replace a large part of the existing display market, and when transparent display overcomes the problem of visibility and security, the first area to be commercialized is mobile devices. Among other things, it is expected to be a mobile phone. In addition, in the case of a small game machine, if a transparent display is adopted, it is possible to apply a new user interface (UI) in addition to the advantages of design, so that it can be applied in many fields.
In addition, the new display market is more flexible and newly applicable to products that have not been applied to the display, such as construction, advertising, and public use, and thus, the overall display market size can be further increased.
In the present invention, by applying the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film to the back of the transparent display to improve the visibility, the contrast ratio is 190 or more before the voltage is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film, but the voltage is applied to the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film. After the application, the contrast ratio is over 420, the combat ratio is over 80%, the reflectance is under 8%, and the haze is 6 or less. I can do it.
It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
2: substrate of TFT layer 3: transparent anode
4
6: electron transport layer 7: transparent cathode
11, 21:
22a:
30: polymer dispersion 40: liquid crystal droplets
50: adhesive layer 60: power supply
70
200: air gap 300: PD C film
Claims (8)
With transparent display,
A PDLC film configured at the rear of the transparent display,
An air gap is formed between the transparent display and the PDLC film. The transparent display having excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.
The gap of the air gap is 0.1 to 2mm, characterized in that the transparent display with excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.
The PDLC film includes a polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film in which a plurality of liquid crystal droplets 40 are dispersed in the polymer dispersion liquid 30, and substrates 11 and 21 disposed on upper and lower surfaces of the polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film, respectively. A transparent display having excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film, characterized in that the transparent conductive film having a conductive material (12, 22) deposited on the substrate.
One conductive material (22) of the transparent conductive film further comprises an etching portion (22b), excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.
The polymer dispersion 30 is characterized in that it comprises 0.1% to 20% by weight of polyfunctional oligomer, 0.1% to 99% by weight of diluent, 0.1% to 99% by weight of crosslinking agent and 0.1% to 99% by weight of photoinitiator. Transparent display excellent in visibility using the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.
The diluent and the crosslinking agent have a composition ratio of 30: 1 to 99: 1, characterized in that the transparent display with excellent visibility using a polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.
The polyfunctional oligomer is a urethane-based methacrylate derivative compound derived from hydroxypropyl methacrylate, the diluent is 2- (2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acrylate, and the crosslinking agent is 1,6-hexanediol At least one selected from diacrylate and polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and the photoinitiator is 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propane-1-one. Transparent display with excellent visibility.
The polymer dispersed liquid crystal composite film has a thickness of 5-30 micrometers (μm), wherein the transparent display having excellent visibility using the polymer dispersed liquid crystal film.
Priority Applications (1)
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KR1020120090887A KR20140024642A (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Transparent display with excellent visibility using pdlc film |
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KR1020120090887A KR20140024642A (en) | 2012-08-20 | 2012-08-20 | Transparent display with excellent visibility using pdlc film |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101520396B1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-05-14 | (주)넥스트글라스 | Mnaufacturing method of electronic blind |
WO2019050252A1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-14 | 주식회사 네이션스 | Privacy protection device for display devices capable of switching between wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle mode |
-
2012
- 2012-08-20 KR KR1020120090887A patent/KR20140024642A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101520396B1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-05-14 | (주)넥스트글라스 | Mnaufacturing method of electronic blind |
WO2019050252A1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-14 | 주식회사 네이션스 | Privacy protection device for display devices capable of switching between wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle mode |
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